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Article ; Online: Corona hotels in Israel: Care and abandonment under the auspices of digital medicine.

Bar-Lev, Shirly

Health (London, England : 1997)

2021 Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 681–700

Abstract: Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Israel established a number of 'corona hotels' - hybrid spaces that were neither fully treatment-oriented nor fully incarcerational, in which people known or suspected to be infected with the coronavirus were ...

Abstract	Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Israel established a number of 'corona hotels' - hybrid spaces that were neither fully treatment-oriented nor fully incarcerational, in which people known or suspected to be infected with the coronavirus were confined, sometimes for prolonged and indefinite periods. This paper describes the experience of 25 people who were confined in corona recovery and isolation hotels between March and July 2020. The corona hotels exemplify how remote medical technology and digital medicine together enable a new 'technogeography of care', where care and abandonment are inextricably linked. The paper adds to the growing number of critical studies on digital health by showing how the employed technologies impact the concepts of human embodiment, subjectivity and social relations, as well as how the occupants negotiated the meaning of these technologies and resisted their effects.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; Telemedicine ; Israel ; Pandemics
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1338717-0
ISSN	1461-7196 ; 1363-4593
ISSN (online)	1461-7196
ISSN	1363-4593
DOI	10.1177/13634593211067904
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Article ; Online: Numbers, graphs and words - do we really understand the lab test results accessible via the patient portals?

Bar-Lev, Shirly / Beimel, Dizza

Israel journal of health policy research

2020 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 58

Abstract: Background: The heavy reliance on remote patient care (RPC) during the COVID-19 health crisis may have expedited the emergence of digital health tools that can contribute to safely and effectively moving the locus of care from the hospital to the ... ...

Abstract	Background: The heavy reliance on remote patient care (RPC) during the COVID-19 health crisis may have expedited the emergence of digital health tools that can contribute to safely and effectively moving the locus of care from the hospital to the community. Understanding how laypersons interpret the personal health information accessible to them via electronic patient records (EPRs) is crucial to healthcare planning and the design of services. Yet we still know little about how the format in which personal medical information is presented in the EPR (numerically, verbally, or graphically) affects individuals' understanding of the information, their assessment of its gravity, and the course of action they choose in response. Methods: We employed an online questionnaire to assess respondents' reactions to 10 medical decision-making scenarios, where the same information was presented using different formats. In each scenario, respondents were presented with real (anonymized) patient lab results using either numeric expressions, graphs, or verbal expressions. Participants were asked to assess the gravity of the hypothetical patient's condition and the course of action they would follow if they were that patient. The questionnaire was distributed to more than 300 participants, of whom 225 submitted usable responses. Results: Laypersons were more likely to overestimate the gravity of the information when it was presented either numerically or graphically compared to the narrative format. High perceived gravity was most likely to produce an inclination to actively seek medical attention, even when unwarranted. "Don't know" responses were most likely to produce an inclination to either search the Internet or wait for the doctor to call. Policy recommendations: We discuss the study's implications for the effective design of lab results in the patient portals. We suggest (1) that graphs, tables, and charts would be easier to interpret if coupled with a brief verbal explanation; (2) that highlighting an overall level of urgency may be more helpful than indicating a diversion from the norm; and (3) that statements of results should include the type of follow-up required.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Computer Graphics ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Female ; Health Communication/methods ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Mathematical Concepts ; Middle Aged ; Patient Portals ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2657655-7
ISSN	2045-4015 ; 2045-4015
ISSN (online)	2045-4015
ISSN	2045-4015
DOI	10.1186/s13584-020-00415-z
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Prediction of vaccine hesitancy based on social media traffic among Israeli parents using machine learning strategies.

Bar-Lev, Shirly / Reichman, Shahar / Barnett-Itzhaki, Zohar

Israel journal of health policy research

2021 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 49

Abstract: Introduction: Vaccines have contributed to substantial reductions of morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases, mainly in children. However, vaccine hesitancy was listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019 as one of the top ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Vaccines have contributed to substantial reductions of morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases, mainly in children. However, vaccine hesitancy was listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019 as one of the top ten threats to world health. Aim: To employ machine-learning strategies to assess how on-line content regarding vaccination affects vaccine hesitancy. Methods: We collected social media posts and responses from vaccination discussion groups and forums on leading social platforms, including Facebook and Tapuz (A user content website that contains blogs and forums). We investigated 65,603 records of children aged 0-6 years who are insured in Maccabi's Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). We applied three machine learning algorithms (Logistic regression, Random forest and Neural networks) to predict vaccination among Israeli children, based on demographic and social media traffic. Results: Higher hesitancy was associated with more social media traffic, for most of the vaccinations. The addition of the social media traffic features improved the performances of most of the models. However, for Rota virus, Hepatitis A and hepatitis B, the performances of all algorithms (with and without the social media features) were close to random (accuracy up to 0.63 and F1 up to 0.65). We found a negative association between on-line discussions and vaccination. Conclusions: There is an association between social media traffic and vaccine hesitancy. Policy makers are encouraged to perceive social media as a main channel of communication during health crises. Health officials and experts are encouraged to take part in social media discussions, and be equipped to readily provide the information, support and advice that the public is looking for, in order to optimize vaccination actions and to improve public health.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Israel ; Machine Learning ; Parents ; Social Media ; Vaccines
Chemical Substances	Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2657655-7
ISSN	2045-4015 ; 2045-4015
ISSN (online)	2045-4015
ISSN	2045-4015
DOI	10.1186/s13584-021-00486-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Numbers, graphs and words – do we really understand the lab test results accessible via the patient portals?

Shirly Bar-Lev / Dizza Beimel

Israel Journal of Health Policy Research, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 14

Abstract: Abstract Background The heavy reliance on remote patient care (RPC) during the COVID-19 health crisis may have expedited the emergence of digital health tools that can contribute to safely and effectively moving the locus of care from the hospital to the ...

Abstract	Abstract Background The heavy reliance on remote patient care (RPC) during the COVID-19 health crisis may have expedited the emergence of digital health tools that can contribute to safely and effectively moving the locus of care from the hospital to the community. Understanding how laypersons interpret the personal health information accessible to them via electronic patient records (EPRs) is crucial to healthcare planning and the design of services. Yet we still know little about how the format in which personal medical information is presented in the EPR (numerically, verbally, or graphically) affects individuals’ understanding of the information, their assessment of its gravity, and the course of action they choose in response. Methods We employed an online questionnaire to assess respondents’ reactions to 10 medical decision-making scenarios, where the same information was presented using different formats. In each scenario, respondents were presented with real (anonymized) patient lab results using either numeric expressions, graphs, or verbal expressions. Participants were asked to assess the gravity of the hypothetical patient’s condition and the course of action they would follow if they were that patient. The questionnaire was distributed to more than 300 participants, of whom 225 submitted usable responses. Results Laypersons were more likely to overestimate the gravity of the information when it was presented either numerically or graphically compared to the narrative format. High perceived gravity was most likely to produce an inclination to actively seek medical attention, even when unwarranted. “Don’t know” responses were most likely to produce an inclination to either search the Internet or wait for the doctor to call. Policy recommendations We discuss the study’s implications for the effective design of lab results in the patient portals. We suggest (1) that graphs, tables, and charts would be easier to interpret if coupled with a brief verbal explanation; (2) that highlighting an overall level ...
Keywords	Health information technology ; Information format ; Patient engagement ; Care seeking ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prediction of vaccine hesitancy based on social media traffic among Israeli parents using machine learning strategies

Shirly Bar-Lev / Shahar Reichman / Zohar Barnett-Itzhaki

Israel Journal of Health Policy Research, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 8

Abstract: Abstract Introduction Vaccines have contributed to substantial reductions of morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases, mainly in children. However, vaccine hesitancy was listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019 as one of the ...

Abstract	Abstract Introduction Vaccines have contributed to substantial reductions of morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases, mainly in children. However, vaccine hesitancy was listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019 as one of the top ten threats to world health. Aim To employ machine-learning strategies to assess how on-line content regarding vaccination affects vaccine hesitancy. Methods We collected social media posts and responses from vaccination discussion groups and forums on leading social platforms, including Facebook and Tapuz (A user content website that contains blogs and forums). We investigated 65,603 records of children aged 0–6 years who are insured in Maccabi’s Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). We applied three machine learning algorithms (Logistic regression, Random forest and Neural networks) to predict vaccination among Israeli children, based on demographic and social media traffic. Results Higher hesitancy was associated with more social media traffic, for most of the vaccinations. The addition of the social media traffic features improved the performances of most of the models. However, for Rota virus, Hepatitis A and hepatitis B, the performances of all algorithms (with and without the social media features) were close to random (accuracy up to 0.63 and F1 up to 0.65). We found a negative association between on-line discussions and vaccination. Conclusions There is an association between social media traffic and vaccine hesitancy. Policy makers are encouraged to perceive social media as a main channel of communication during health crises. Health officials and experts are encouraged to take part in social media discussions, and be equipped to readily provide the information, support and advice that the public is looking for, in order to optimize vaccination actions and to improve public health
Keywords	Childhood vaccination ; Epidemiology ; Social media ; Machine learning ; Public health ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	300
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Numbers, graphs and words - do we really understand the lab test results accessible via the patient portals?

Bar-Lev, Shirly / Beimel, Dizza

Isr J Health Policy Res

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The heavy reliance on remote patient care (RPC) during the COVID-19 health crisis may have expedited the emergence of digital health tools that can contribute to safely and effectively moving the locus of care from the hospital to the ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: The heavy reliance on remote patient care (RPC) during the COVID-19 health crisis may have expedited the emergence of digital health tools that can contribute to safely and effectively moving the locus of care from the hospital to the community. Understanding how laypersons interpret the personal health information accessible to them via electronic patient records (EPRs) is crucial to healthcare planning and the design of services. Yet we still know little about how the format in which personal medical information is presented in the EPR (numerically, verbally, or graphically) affects individuals' understanding of the information, their assessment of its gravity, and the course of action they choose in response. METHODS: We employed an online questionnaire to assess respondents' reactions to 10 medical decision-making scenarios, where the same information was presented using different formats. In each scenario, respondents were presented with real (anonymized) patient lab results using either numeric expressions, graphs, or verbal expressions. Participants were asked to assess the gravity of the hypothetical patient's condition and the course of action they would follow if they were that patient. The questionnaire was distributed to more than 300 participants, of whom 225 submitted usable responses. RESULTS: Laypersons were more likely to overestimate the gravity of the information when it was presented either numerically or graphically compared to the narrative format. High perceived gravity was most likely to produce an inclination to actively seek medical attention, even when unwarranted. "Don't know" responses were most likely to produce an inclination to either search the Internet or wait for the doctor to call. POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS: We discuss the study's implications for the effective design of lab results in the patient portals. We suggest (1) that graphs, tables, and charts would be easier to interpret if coupled with a brief verbal explanation; (2) that highlighting an overall level of urgency may be more helpful than indicating a diversion from the norm; and (3) that statements of results should include the type of follow-up required.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #895029
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The politics of healthcare informatics: knowledge management using an electronic medical record system.

Bar-Lev, Shirly

Sociology of health & illness

2015 Volume 37, Issue 3, Page(s) 404–421

Abstract: The design and implementation of an electronic medical record system pose significant epistemological and practical complexities. Despite optimistic assessments of their potential contribution to the quality of care, their implementation has been ... ...

Abstract	The design and implementation of an electronic medical record system pose significant epistemological and practical complexities. Despite optimistic assessments of their potential contribution to the quality of care, their implementation has been problematic, and their actual employment in various clinical settings remains controversial. Little is known about how their use actually mediates knowing. Employing a variety of qualitative research methods, this article attempts an answer by illustrating how omitting, editing and excessive reporting were employed as part of nurses' and physicians' political efforts to shape knowledge production and knowledge sharing in a technologically mediated healthcare setting.
MeSH term(s)	Attitude of Health Personnel ; Attitude to Computers ; Electronic Health Records/organization & administration ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Knowledge ; Nurses/psychology ; Physicians/psychology ; Politics
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	795552-2
ISSN	1467-9566 ; 0141-9889
ISSN (online)	1467-9566
ISSN	0141-9889
DOI	10.1111/1467-9566.12213
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A LIME-Based Explainable Machine Learning Model for Predicting the Severity Level of COVID-19 Diagnosed Patients

Freddy Gabbay / Shirly Bar-Lev / Ofer Montano / Noam Hadad

Applied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 21, p

2021 Volume 10417

Abstract: The fast and seemingly uncontrollable spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses great challenges to an already overloaded health system worldwide. It thus exemplifies an urgent need for fast and effective triage. Such triage can help in ... ...

Abstract	The fast and seemingly uncontrollable spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses great challenges to an already overloaded health system worldwide. It thus exemplifies an urgent need for fast and effective triage. Such triage can help in the implementation of the necessary measures to prevent patient deterioration and conserve strained hospital resources. We examine two types of machine learning models, a multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks and decision trees, to predict the severity level of illness for patients diagnosed with COVID-19, based on their medical history and laboratory test results. In addition, we combine the machine learning models with a LIME-based explainable model to provide explainability of the model prediction. Our experimental results indicate that the model can achieve up to 80% prediction accuracy for the dataset we used. Finally, we integrate the explainable machine learning models into a mobile application to enable the usage of the proposed models by medical staff worldwide.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; machine learning ; deep learning ; explainable AI ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: 'Do you feel sorry for him?': gift relations in an HIV/AIDS on-line support forum.

Bar-Lev, Shirly

Health (London, England : 1997)

2010 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 147–161

Abstract: Sociologists have debated whether meaningful emotional relationships can be formed on-line. Drawing on Mauss' concept of the gift, I explore how caregivers who participate in Hope, an on-line support forum dedicated to HIV/AIDS, incorporate moral ... ...

Abstract	Sociologists have debated whether meaningful emotional relationships can be formed on-line. Drawing on Mauss' concept of the gift, I explore how caregivers who participate in Hope, an on-line support forum dedicated to HIV/AIDS, incorporate moral percepts and understandings about ethics into their caregiving experiences. Their intense discussions on the essence of familial loyalties give rise to emotionally vibrant, empathic communities in which a socio-emotional economy is formulated. Can the Internet act as a moral space? How are concepts such as reciprocity, obligation, and commitment talked about and practiced in an on-line forum that exists in the ever present?
MeSH term(s)	Attitude to Health ; Caregivers/ethics ; Caregivers/psychology ; Empathy ; Family Relations ; HIV Infections/psychology ; Humans ; Internet ; Moral Obligations ; Prejudice ; Self-Help Groups
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2034459-4
ISSN	1461-7196 ; 1363-4593
ISSN (online)	1461-7196
ISSN	1363-4593
DOI	10.1177/1363459309353296
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Article: "We are here to give you emotional support": performing emotions in an online HIV/AIDS support group.

Bar-Lev, Shirly

Qualitative health research

2008 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 509–521

Abstract: Since the advent of the Internet, social critics have debated its effects on intimacy and social relationships. I show how, by writing detailed descriptions of their illness experiences, participants in online support groups create emotionally vibrant, ... ...

Abstract	Since the advent of the Internet, social critics have debated its effects on intimacy and social relationships. I show how, by writing detailed descriptions of their illness experiences, participants in online support groups create emotionally vibrant, empathic communities in which emotional rhetoric frames various moral dilemmas. I illustrate my argument with a detailed analysis of "emotion talk" among members of an HIV/AIDS support group over a 2-year period. My findings add to current debates by encouraging sociologists to consider the emotional dynamics within the online support group as a moral, rather than just psychological or therapeutic, component of interaction.
MeSH term(s)	Expressed Emotion ; Female ; HIV Infections/psychology ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Self-Help Groups ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1275716-0
ISSN	1552-7557 ; 1049-7323
ISSN (online)	1552-7557
ISSN	1049-7323
DOI	10.1177/1049732307311680
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