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Article ; Online: Computational characterization of inhaled droplet transport to the nasopharynx.

Basu, Saikat

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 6652

Abstract: How human respiratory physiology and the transport phenomena associated with inhaled airflow in the upper airway proceed to impact transmission of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the initial infection, stays an open question. An answer can help determine the ... ...

Abstract	How human respiratory physiology and the transport phenomena associated with inhaled airflow in the upper airway proceed to impact transmission of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the initial infection, stays an open question. An answer can help determine the susceptibility of an individual on exposure to a COVID-2019 carrier and can also provide a preliminary projection of the still-unknown infectious dose for the disease. Computational fluid mechanics enabled tracking of respiratory transport in medical imaging-based anatomic domains shows that the regional deposition of virus-laden inhaled droplets at the initial nasopharyngeal infection site peaks for the droplet size range of approximately 2.5-19 [Formula: see text]. Through integrating the numerical findings on inhaled transmission with sputum assessment data from hospitalized COVID-19 patients and earlier measurements of ejecta size distribution generated during regular speech, this study further reveals that the number of virions that may go on to establish the SARS-CoV-2 infection in a subject could merely be in the order of hundreds.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Nasopharynx/virology ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Sputum/virology ; Viral Load
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-85765-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Computational characterization of inhaled droplet transport to the nasopharynx

Saikat Basu

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract How human respiratory physiology and the transport phenomena associated with inhaled airflow in the upper airway proceed to impact transmission of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the initial infection, stays an open question. An answer can help determine ...

Abstract	Abstract How human respiratory physiology and the transport phenomena associated with inhaled airflow in the upper airway proceed to impact transmission of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the initial infection, stays an open question. An answer can help determine the susceptibility of an individual on exposure to a COVID-2019 carrier and can also provide a preliminary projection of the still-unknown infectious dose for the disease. Computational fluid mechanics enabled tracking of respiratory transport in medical imaging-based anatomic domains shows that the regional deposition of virus-laden inhaled droplets at the initial nasopharyngeal infection site peaks for the droplet size range of approximately 2.5–19 $$\upmu $$ μ . Through integrating the numerical findings on inhaled transmission with sputum assessment data from hospitalized COVID-19 patients and earlier measurements of ejecta size distribution generated during regular speech, this study further reveals that the number of virions that may go on to establish the SARS-CoV-2 infection in a subject could merely be in the order of hundreds.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Close-range exposure to a COVID-19 carrier: transmission trends in the respiratory tract and estimation of infectious dose

Basu, Saikat

medRxiv

Abstract: How respiratory physiology and airflow therein proceed to impact SARS-CoV-2 transmission, leading to the initial infection, is an open question. An answer can help determine the susceptibility of an individual on exposure to a COVID-2019 carrier and can ... ...

Abstract	How respiratory physiology and airflow therein proceed to impact SARS-CoV-2 transmission, leading to the initial infection, is an open question. An answer can help determine the susceptibility of an individual on exposure to a COVID-2019 carrier and can also quantify the still-unknown infectious dose for the disease. Combining computational fluid mechanics-based tracking of respiratory transport in anatomic domains with sputum assessment data from hospitalized patients and earlier measurements of ejecta size distribution during regular speech - this study shows that targeted deposition at the initial nasopharyngeal infection sites peaks over the droplet size range of 2.5 - 19 μ, and reveals that the number of virions that can establish the infection is at most of O(100).
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-29
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.07.27.20162362
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Coherent spore dispersion via drop-leaf interaction.

Wu, Zixuan / Basu, Saikat / Kim, Seungho / Sorrells, Mark / Beron-Vera, Francisco J / Jung, Sunghwan

Science advances

2024 Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) eadj8092

Abstract: The dispersion of plant pathogens, such as rust spores, is responsible for more than 20% of global crop yield loss annually. However, the release mechanism of pathogens from flexible plant surfaces into the canopy is not well understood. In this study, ... ...

Abstract	The dispersion of plant pathogens, such as rust spores, is responsible for more than 20% of global crop yield loss annually. However, the release mechanism of pathogens from flexible plant surfaces into the canopy is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the interplay between leaf elasticity and rainfall, revealing how a flexible leaf structure can generate a lateral flow stream, with embedded coherent structures that enhance transport. We first modeled the linear coupling between drop momentum, leaf vibration, and the stream flux from leaf surfaces. With Lagrangian diagnostics, we further mapped out the nested coherent structures around the fluttering profile, providing a dynamical description for local spore delivery. We hope the mechanistic details extracted here can facilitate the construction of physically informed analytical models for local crop disease management.
MeSH term(s)	Spores, Fungal ; Plant Diseases ; Basidiomycota ; Plant Leaves ; Plants
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2810933-8
ISSN	2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
ISSN (online)	2375-2548
ISSN	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.adj8092
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Article ; Online: Canada goose Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Saikat Kumar Basu

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae, Iss 3, Pp 135-

a majestic water bird from the continent of North America

2018 Volume 141

Abstract: Bernikla kanadyjska Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758) jest ikoną dzikiej Ameryki i należy, zarówno do naturalnego, jak i społeczno-kulturowego, dziedzictwa Ameryki Północnej. Ten monogamiczny, gromadny i migrujący gatunek majestatycznego ptaka wodnego ... ...

Abstract	Bernikla kanadyjska Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758) jest ikoną dzikiej Ameryki i należy, zarówno do naturalnego, jak i społeczno-kulturowego, dziedzictwa Ameryki Północnej. Ten monogamiczny, gromadny i migrujący gatunek majestatycznego ptaka wodnego jest szeroko rozpowszechniony w Ameryce Północnej. Występuje w 8-10 różnych podgatunkach w szerokim spektrum naturalnych siedlisk i ekosystemów. Gatunek jest rozpowszechniony od Alaski przez Kanadę, USA aż do Meksyku. Aby uniknąć trudnych warunków zimowych, migruje z północy do południowych stanów USA i północnego Meksyku. Z powodu eksplozji wielkości jego populacji, jak również braku presji drapieżników, ptak ten w niektórych częściach kontynentu, zmienił się w lokalnego szkodnika. To krótkie opracowanie opisuje jego cykl życiowy rozmieszczenie, reprodukcję i zachowanie w środowisku.
Keywords	canada goose ; branta canadensis ; north america ; bird ; sub species ; canada ; the us ; mexico ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Irregular erythrocyte antibodies among antenatal women and their neonatal outcome at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India.

Mandal, Saikat / Kaur, Daljit / Negi, Gita / Basu, Sriparna / Chaturvedi, Jaya / Maji, Manideepa / Malhotra, Sheetal

Postgraduate medical journal

2023 Volume 99, Issue 1169, Page(s) 145–152

Abstract: Background: Red blood cell alloimmunisation during the pregnancy is a significant cause for neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study was planned to determine the prevalence and specificity of irregular erythrocyte antibodies in antenatal mothers and ...

Abstract	Background: Red blood cell alloimmunisation during the pregnancy is a significant cause for neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study was planned to determine the prevalence and specificity of irregular erythrocyte antibodies in antenatal mothers and their neonatal outcome. Methods: In this observational study, blood grouping and red cell antibody screening of mothers were performed at first visit and after 28 weeks of gestation and positive cases were identified and followed up monthly till delivery by repeating antibody titre and middle cerebral artery-peak systolic velocity. After delivery of alloimmunised mothers, cord blood haemoglobin, bilirubin and direct antiglobulin tests (DAT) were analysed and further outcome of neonate was recorded. Results: Among 652 registered antenatal cases, 18 multigravida women were found to be alloimmunised, accounting to prevalence of 2.8%. Most common alloantibody identified was anti D (>70%) followed by anti-Lea, anti-C, anti-Leb, anti-E and anti-Jka. Only 47.7% Rh D negative women received anti-D prophylaxis during previous pregnancies or whenever indicated. DAT was positive in 56.2% of neonates. Among nine DAT positive neonates, two early neonatal deaths due to severe anaemia were observed following birth resuscitation. Four antenatal mothers required intrauterine transfusion in view of fetal anaemia while three neonates received double volume exchange transfusion and top up transfusions after birth. Conclusions: This study emphasises importance of red cell antibody screening for all multigravida antenatal women at registration of pregnancy and additionally at 28 weeks or later in high-risk cases irrespective of RhD status.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Infant, Newborn ; Female ; Humans ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Bilirubin ; Erythrocytes ; India
Chemical Substances	Bilirubin (RFM9X3LJ49)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80325-x
ISSN	1469-0756 ; 0032-5473
ISSN (online)	1469-0756
ISSN	0032-5473
DOI	10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140497
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Article: Clinical outcome after high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy with traditional point 'A' dose prescription in locally advanced carcinoma of uterine cervix: dosimetric analysis from the perspective of computed tomography imaging-based 3-dimensional treatment planning.

Dhabal, Suman / Basu, Abhishek / Sau, Saikat / Sau, Sourav / Maiti, Pradip Kumar / Chakravarty, Abhay

Obstetrics & gynecology science

2023 Volume 67, Issue 1, Page(s) 67–75

Abstract: Objective: To analyze tumour response and toxicity with respect to cumulative radiotherapy dose to target and organs at risk (OARs) with computed tomography (CT)-based image guided adaptive brachytherapy planning for locally advanced carcinoma cervix.!## ...

Abstract	Objective: To analyze tumour response and toxicity with respect to cumulative radiotherapy dose to target and organs at risk (OARs) with computed tomography (CT)-based image guided adaptive brachytherapy planning for locally advanced carcinoma cervix. Methods: Patients were treated with two-dimensional concurrent chemoradiotherapy to whole pelvis followed by intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) with dose prescription to point 'A'. CT image-based delineation of high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV), urinary bladder, rectum and sigmoid colon was done with generation of dose-volume histogram (DVH) data and optimization of doses to target and OARs. Follow up assessments were done for response of disease and toxicity with generation of data for statistical analysis. Results: One hundred thirty-six patients were enrolled in the study. Delineated volume of HR-CTV ranged from 20.9 to 37.1 mL, with median value of 30.2 mL. The equivalent dose in 2 Gy per fraction (EQD2) for point 'A' ranged from 71.31 to 79.75 Gy with median value of 75.1 Gy and EQD2 HR-CTV D90 ranged from 71.9 to 89.7 Gy with median value of 85.1 Gy. 69.2% of patients showed complete response and after median follow-up of 25 months, 50 patients remained disease free, of whom, 74.0% had received ≥85 Gy to HR-CTV D90 versus 26.0% receiving <85 Gy to HR-CTV D90. Conclusion: s Amidst the unavailability of magnetic resonance imaging facilities in low middle income countries, incorporation of CT-image based treatment planning into routine practice for ICBT provides the scope to delineate volumes of target and OARs and to generate DVH data, which can prove to be a better surrogate for disease response and toxicity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2814367-X
ISSN	2287-8580 ; 2287-8572
ISSN (online)	2287-8580
ISSN	2287-8572
DOI	10.5468/ogs.23048
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Article ; Online: Reconstruction of ancestral footfalls in South Asia using genomic data.

Chakraborty, Saikat / Basu, Analabha

Journal of biosciences

2019 Volume 44, Issue 3

Abstract: Due to its unique geographical position, juxtaposed in the middle of south-central Asia, east Asia and Southeast Asia, the South Asian Region (SAS) has repeatedly come into contact with people from adjacent regions throughout history and prehistory. The ... ...

Abstract	Due to its unique geographical position, juxtaposed in the middle of south-central Asia, east Asia and Southeast Asia, the South Asian Region (SAS) has repeatedly come into contact with people from adjacent regions throughout history and prehistory. The antiquity of the populations and the intricate history of admixture have shaped SAS as one of the most genetically diverse regions in the world. In this article we review our current understanding of the peopling and populations structure of SAS. We do not attempt to be exhaustive but summarize the salient conclusions that have been reached using genetic data and evaluate their robustness. We also identify the unanswered questions and suggest possible approaches that may lead to their answers.
MeSH term(s)	Anthropology/methods ; Archaeology/methods ; Asia/ethnology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/history ; DNA, Ancient/analysis ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Genome, Mitochondrial ; History, Ancient ; Human Migration/trends ; Humans ; Inheritance Patterns ; Language/history ; Male ; Mitochondria/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA, Ancient ; Genetic Markers
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-26
Publishing country	India
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	756157-x
ISSN	0973-7138 ; 0250-5991
ISSN (online)	0973-7138
ISSN	0250-5991
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Book ; Online: Dependence of Physiochemical Features on Marine Chlorophyll Analysis with Learning Techniques

Adhikary, Subhrangshu / Chaturvedi, Sudhir Kumar / Banerjee, Saikat / Basu, Sourav

2023

Abstract: Marine chlorophyll which is present within phytoplankton are the basis of photosynthesis and they have a high significance in sustaining ecological balance as they highly contribute toward global primary productivity and comes under the food chain of ... ...

Abstract	Marine chlorophyll which is present within phytoplankton are the basis of photosynthesis and they have a high significance in sustaining ecological balance as they highly contribute toward global primary productivity and comes under the food chain of many marine organisms. Imbalance in the concentrations of phytoplankton can disrupt the ecological balance. The growth of phytoplankton depends upon the optimum concentrations of physiochemical constituents like iron, nitrates, phosphates, pH level, salinity, etc. and deviations from an ideal concentration can affect the growth of phytoplankton which can ultimately disrupt the ecosystem at a large scale. Thus the analysis of such constituents has high significance to estimate the probable growth of marine phytoplankton. The advancements of remote sensing technologies have improved the scope to remotely study the physiochemical constituents on a global scale. The machine learning techniques have made it possible to predict the marine chlorophyll levels based on physiochemical properties and deep learning helped to do the same but in a more advanced manner simulating the working principle of a human brain. In this study, we have used machine learning and deep learning for the Bay of Bengal to establish a regression model of chlorophyll levels based on physiochemical features and discussed its reliability and performance for different regression models. This could help to estimate the amount of chlorophyll present in water bodies based on physiochemical features so we can plan early in case there arises a possibility of disruption in the ecosystem due to imbalance in marine phytoplankton. Comment: Advances in Environment Engineering and Management. Year 2021. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79065-3_29
Keywords	Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Physics - Biological Physics
Subject code	333
Publishing date	2023-04-23
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A review of the melliferous flora of Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, on the basis for the honey production cycle.

Zúñiga-Díaz, Donají / Cetzal-Ix, William / López-Castilla, Héctor / Noguera-Savelli, Eliana / Tamayo-Cen, Iván / Martínez-Puc, Jesús Froylán / Basu, Saikat Kumar

Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine

2024 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 40

Abstract: Background: The Yucatan Peninsula (YP) is one of the most important regions in global apiculture. Hence, this work reviews and integrates the knowledge of the species diversity, growth habits, ecosystems, floral calendars during the apiculture ... ...

Abstract	Background: The Yucatan Peninsula (YP) is one of the most important regions in global apiculture. Hence, this work reviews and integrates the knowledge of the species diversity, growth habits, ecosystems, floral calendars during the apiculture production cycles and the types of vegetation represented in the melliferous flora (MF) of the YP; as a basis for proposing selection strategies locating suitable apiculture production areas for local beekeepers and help in the economic development of the region. Methods: A comprehensive review of the MF literature was carried out using the snowball method to determine and update the number of species useful for apiculture. The growth habits and flower calendars were determined through a review of the literature and databases of specimens from the herbaria CICY, UCAM and MEXU. Results: The YP reports a total of 935 taxa of MF (98 families and 498 genera); of these, Campeche has 812 taxa, followed by Quintana Roo (786) and Yucatán (767). The MF is made up of herbs (282), followed by shrubs (260), trees (229), climbers (82), woody climbers (67) palms (14) and parasitic plant (1). Conclusion: Of the 935 species of MF registered at the regional level, a high number of species have flowering throughout the year, however, not all of these species are considered useful for local commercial apiculture. Only a select group of 23 species are considered of major importance for local apiculture industry.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Honey ; Mexico ; Ecosystem ; Plants ; Trees
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2202544-3
ISSN	1746-4269 ; 1746-4269
ISSN (online)	1746-4269
ISSN	1746-4269
DOI	10.1186/s13002-024-00681-0
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