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Article ; Online: The updated genome of the Hungarian population of Aedes koreicus.

Nagy, Nikoletta Andrea / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Kurucz, Kornélia / Kemenesi, Gábor / Laczkó, Levente

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 7545

Abstract: Vector-borne diseases pose a potential risk to human and animal welfare, and understanding their spread requires genomic resources. The mosquito Aedes koreicus is an emerging vector that has been introduced into Europe more than 15 years ago but only a ... ...

Abstract	Vector-borne diseases pose a potential risk to human and animal welfare, and understanding their spread requires genomic resources. The mosquito Aedes koreicus is an emerging vector that has been introduced into Europe more than 15 years ago but only a low quality, fragmented genome was available. In this study, we carried out additional sequencing and assembled and characterized the genome of the species to provide a background for understanding its evolution and biology. The updated genome was 1.1 Gbp long and consisted of 6099 contigs with an N50 value of 329,610 bp and a BUSCO score of 84%. We identified 22,580 genes that could be functionally annotated and paid particular attention to the identification of potential insecticide resistance genes. The assessment of the orthology of the genes indicates a high turnover at the terminal branches of the species tree of mosquitoes with complete genomes, which could contribute to the adaptation and evolutionary success of the species. These results could form the basis for numerous downstream analyzes to develop targets for the control of mosquito populations.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Aedes/genetics ; Mosquito Vectors/genetics ; Hungary ; Europe/epidemiology ; Introduced Species
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-58096-6
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Article ; Online: The importance of equally accessible genomic surveillance in the age of pandemics.

Zeghbib, Safia / Kemenesi, Gábor / Jakab, Ferenc

Biologia futura

2023 Volume 74, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 81–89

Abstract: Genomic epidemiology is now a core component in investigating the spread of a disease during an outbreak and for future preparedness to tackle emerging zoonoses. During the last decades, several viral diseases arose and emphasized the importance of ... ...

Abstract	Genomic epidemiology is now a core component in investigating the spread of a disease during an outbreak and for future preparedness to tackle emerging zoonoses. During the last decades, several viral diseases arose and emphasized the importance of molecular epidemiology in tracking the dispersal route, supporting proper mitigation measures, and appropriate vaccine development. In this perspective article, we summarized what has been done so far in the genomic epidemiology field and what should be considered in the future. We traced back the methods and protocols employed over time for zoonotic disease response. Either to small outbreaks such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak identified first in 2002 in Guangdong, China, or to a global pandemic like the one that we are experiencing now since 2019 when the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus emerged in Wuhan, China, following several pneumonia cases, and subsequently spread worldwide. We explored both the benefits and shortages encountered when relying on genomic epidemiology, and we clearly present the disadvantages of inequity in accessing these tools around the world, especially in countries with less developed economies. For effectively addressing future pandemics, it is crucial to work for better sequencing equity around the globe.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/prevention & control ; Genomics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2987596-1
ISSN	2676-8607 ; 2676-8615
ISSN (online)	2676-8607
ISSN	2676-8615
DOI	10.1007/s42977-023-00164-5
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Article ; Online: Retrospective Detection and Complete Genomic Sequencing of

Lanszki, Zsófia / Lanszki, József / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Zeghbib, Safia / Jakab, Ferenc / Kemenesi, Gábor

Viruses

2022 Volume 14, Issue 7

Abstract: The Eurasian otter ( ...

Abstract	The Eurasian otter (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Distemper ; Distemper Virus, Canine/genetics ; Dogs ; Genomics ; Nanopores ; Otters/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Retrospective Studies ; Technology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14071433
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Article ; Online: Lloviu Virus in Europe is an Emerging Disease of Concern.

Görföl, Tamás / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Boldogh, Sándor András / Jakab, Ferenc / Kemenesi, Gábor

EcoHealth

2022 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–7

MeSH term(s)	Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/virology ; Europe/epidemiology ; Filoviridae ; Filoviridae Infections/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2164327-1
ISSN	1612-9210 ; 1612-9202
ISSN (online)	1612-9210
ISSN	1612-9202
DOI	10.1007/s10393-021-01574-4
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Article ; Online: Snapshot study of canine distemper virus in Bangladesh with on-site PCR detection and nanopore sequencing.

Lanszki, Zsófia / Islam, Md Shafeul / Shikder, Md Foisal / Sarder, Md Jalal Uddin / Khan, Shahneaz Ali / Chowdhury, Sharmin / Islam, Md Nurul / Tauber, Zsófia / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Jakab, Ferenc / Kemenesi, Gábor / Akter, Sazeda

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 9250

Abstract: Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious virus that affects domestic and wild animals, causing severe illness with high mortality rates. Rapid monitoring and sequencing can provide valuable information about circulating CDV strains, which may ... ...

Abstract	Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious virus that affects domestic and wild animals, causing severe illness with high mortality rates. Rapid monitoring and sequencing can provide valuable information about circulating CDV strains, which may foster effective vaccination strategies and the successful integration of these into conservation programs. During two site visits in Bangladesh in 2023, we tested a mobile, deployable genomic surveillance setup to explore the genetic diversity and phylogenetic patterns of locally circulating CDV strains. We collected and analysed 355 oral swab samples from stray dogs in Rajshahi and Chattogram cities, Bangladesh. CDV-specific real-time RT-PCR was performed to screen the samples. Out of the 355 samples, 7.4% (10/135) from Rajshahi city and 0.9% (2/220) from Chattogram city tested positive for CDV. We applied a real-time RT-PCR assay and a pan-genotype CDV-specific amplicon-based Nanopore sequencing technology to obtain the near-completes. Five near-complete genome sequences were generated, with phylogenetic relation to the India-1/Asia-5 lineage previously identified in India. This is the first study to provide genomic data on CDV in Bangladesh and the first demonstration of a mobile laboratory setup as a powerful tool in rapid genomic surveillance and risk assessment for CDV in low resource regions.
MeSH term(s)	Distemper Virus, Canine/genetics ; Distemper Virus, Canine/isolation & purification ; Distemper Virus, Canine/classification ; Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Animals ; Dogs ; Distemper/virology ; Distemper/epidemiology ; Phylogeny ; Nanopore Sequencing/methods ; Genome, Viral ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Genotype ; RNA, Viral/genetics
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-59343-6
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Article ; Online: Accelerating targeted mosquito control efforts through mobile West Nile virus detection.

Varga, Zsaklin / Bueno-Marí, Rubén / Risueño Iranzo, José / Kurucz, Kornélia / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Zana, Brigitta / Zeghbib, Safia / Görföl, Tamás / Jakab, Ferenc / Kemenesi, Gábor

Parasites & vectors

2024 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 140

Abstract: Background: Different mosquito control strategies have been implemented to mitigate or prevent mosquito-related public health situations. Modern mosquito control largely relies on multiple approaches, including targeted, specific treatments. Given this, ...

Abstract	Background: Different mosquito control strategies have been implemented to mitigate or prevent mosquito-related public health situations. Modern mosquito control largely relies on multiple approaches, including targeted, specific treatments. Given this, it is becoming increasingly important to supplement these activities with rapid and mobile diagnostic capacities for mosquito-borne diseases. We aimed to create and test the applicability of a rapid diagnostic system for West Nile virus that can be used under field conditions. Methods: In this pilot study, various types of adult mosquito traps were applied within the regular mosquito monitoring activity framework for mosquito control. Then, the captured specimens were used for the detection of West Nile virus RNA under field conditions with a portable qRT-PCR approach within 3-4 h. Then, positive samples were subjected to confirmatory RT-PCR or NGS sequencing in the laboratory to obtain genome information of the virus. We implemented phylogenetic analysis to characterize circulating strains. Results: A total of 356 mosquito individuals representing 7 species were processed in 54 pools, each containing up to 20 individuals. These pools were tested for the presence of West Nile virus, and two pools tested positive, containing specimens from the Culex pipiens and Anopheles atroparvus mosquito species. As a result of subsequent sequencing, we present the complete genome of West Nile virus and Bagaza virus. Conclusions: The rapid identification of infected mosquitoes is the most important component of quick response adulticide or larvicide treatments to prevent human cases. The conceptual framework of real-time surveillance can be optimized for other pathogens and situations not only in relation to West Nile virus. We present an early warning system for mosquito-borne diseases and demonstrate its application to aid rapid-response mosquito control actions.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; West Nile virus/genetics ; West Nile Fever/diagnosis ; West Nile Fever/prevention & control ; West Nile Fever/epidemiology ; Phylogeny ; Pilot Projects ; Mosquito Control ; Culex ; Culicidae ; Mosquito Vectors
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
ISSN (online)	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-024-06231-7
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Article ; Online: Emergence of Hyalomma marginatum and Hyalomma rufipes adults revealed by citizen science tick monitoring in Hungary.

Földvári, Gábor / Szabó, Éva / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Lanszki, Zsófia / Zana, Brigitta / Varga, Zsaklin / Kemenesi, Gábor

Transboundary and emerging diseases

2022 Volume 69, Issue 5, Page(s) e2240–e2248

Abstract: Hyalomma ticks are important vectors of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and other pathogens. They are frequently carried as immatures from Africa, the Middle East and Mediterranean areas to temperate Europe via migratory birds and ... ...

Abstract	Hyalomma ticks are important vectors of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and other pathogens. They are frequently carried as immatures from Africa, the Middle East and Mediterranean areas to temperate Europe via migratory birds and emergence of adults has been reported in many countries where it has so far been considered non-endemic. This study aimed to implement the first steps of the DAMA (Document, Assess, Monitor, Act) protocol by monitoring the potential arrival of adult Hyalomma ticks in Hungary applying citizen-science methods. Ticks were collected from April to December 2021 by asking volunteer participants through a self-made website to look for large, quickly moving, striped-legged hard ticks on themselves, their pets and livestock. Owing to an intensive media campaign, the project website had more than 31,000 visitors within 7 months; 137 specimens and several hundred photos of hard ticks were submitted by citizen scientists from all over the country. Beside Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor reticulatus, Dermacentor marginatus and Haemaphysalis inermis, a specimen from a dog was morphologically identified as a male Hyalomma marginatum and another removed from a cow as a male Hyalomma rufipes. The dog and the cow had never been abroad, lived approximately 280 km apart, so the two Hyalomma observations can be considered separate introductions. Amplification of the partial mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene was successfully run for both specimens. Sequencing confirmed the morphological identification for both ticks. Based on the phylogenetic analyses, the Hy. marginatum individual most likely belongs to the Eurasian population and the Hy. rufipes tick to a clade of mixed sequences from Europe and Africa. We summarize the scattered historical reports about the occurrence of Hyalomma ticks and CCHFV in Hungary. Our data highlight the effectiveness of citizens science programmes in the monitoring and risk assessment of CCHFV emergence and preparedness in the study area.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Citizen Science ; Dogs ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; Female ; Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo ; Humans ; Hungary ; Ixodidae ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Ticks
Chemical Substances	Electron Transport Complex IV (EC 1.9.3.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2414822-2
ISSN	1865-1682 ; 1865-1674
ISSN (online)	1865-1682
ISSN	1865-1674
DOI	10.1111/tbed.14563
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Article ; Online: Detection and sequence analysis of Canine morbillivirus in multiple species of the Mustelidae family.

Lanszki, Zsófia / Lanszki, József / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Cserkész, Tamás / Csorba, Gábor / Görföl, Tamás / Csathó, András István / Jakab, Ferenc / Kemenesi, Gábor

BMC veterinary research

2022 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 450

Abstract: Background: Canine morbillivirus (canine distemper virus, CDV) is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family. Canine distemper is a serious viral disease that affects many mammalian species, including members of the Mustelidae family. These animals have an ... ...

Abstract	Background: Canine morbillivirus (canine distemper virus, CDV) is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family. Canine distemper is a serious viral disease that affects many mammalian species, including members of the Mustelidae family. These animals have an elusive nature, which makes related virological studies extremely challenging. There is a significant knowledge gap about the evolution of their viruses and about the possible effects of these viruses to the population dynamics of the host animals. Spleen and lung tissue samples of 170 road-killed mustelids belonging to six species were collected between 1997 and 2022 throughout Hungary and tested for CDV with real-time RT-PCR. Results: Three species were positive for viral RNA, 2 out of 64 Steppe polecats (Mustela eversmanii), 1 out of 36 European polecats (Mustela putorius) and 2 out of 36 stone martens (Martes foina); all 18 pine martens (Martes martes), 10 least weasels (Mustela nivalis) and 6 stoats (Mustela erminea) tested negative. The complete CDV genome was sequenced in five samples using pan-genotype CDV-specific, amplicon-based Nanopore sequencing. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, all five viral sequences were grouped to the Europe/South America 1 lineage and the distribution of one sequence among trees indicated recombination of the Hemagglutinin gene. We verified the recombination with SimPlot analysis. Conclusions: This paper provides the first CDV genome sequences from Steppe polecats and additional complete genomes from European polecats and stone martens. The infected specimens of various species originated from distinct parts of the country over a long time, indicating a wide circulation of CDV among mustelids throughout Hungary. Considering the high virulence of CDV and the presence of the virus in these animals, we highlight the importance of conservation efforts for wild mustelids. In addition, we emphasize the importance of full genomic data acquisition and analysis to better understand the evolution of the virus. Since CDV is prone to recombination, specific genomic segment analyses may provide less representative evolutionary traits than using complete genome sequences.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2191675-5
ISSN	1746-6148 ; 1746-6148
ISSN (online)	1746-6148
ISSN	1746-6148
DOI	10.1186/s12917-022-03551-7
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Article: Retrospective Detection and Complete Genomic Sequencing of Canine morbillivirus in Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) Using Nanopore Technology

Lanszki, Zsófia / Lanszki, József / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Zeghbib, Safia / Jakab, Ferenc / Kemenesi, Gábor

Viruses. 2022 June 29, v. 14, no. 7

2022

Abstract: The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is a piscivorous apex predator in aquatic habitats, and a flagship species of conservation biology throughout Europe. Despite the wide distribution and ecological relevance of the species, there is a considerable lack of ... ...

Abstract	The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is a piscivorous apex predator in aquatic habitats, and a flagship species of conservation biology throughout Europe. Despite the wide distribution and ecological relevance of the species, there is a considerable lack of knowledge regarding its virological and veterinary health context, especially in Central Europe. Canine morbillivirus (Canine distemper virus (CDV)) is a highly contagious viral agent of the family Paramyxoviridae with high epizootic potential and veterinary health impact. CDV is present worldwide among a wide range of animals; wild carnivores are at particular risk. As part of a retrospective study, lung-tissue samples (n = 339) from Eurasian otters were collected between 2000 and 2021 throughout Hungary. The samples were screened for CDV using a real-time RT-PCR method. Two specimens proved positive for CDV RNA. In one sample, the complete viral genome was sequenced using a novel, pan-genotype CDV-specific amplicon-based sequencing method with Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology. Both viral sequences were grouped to a European lineage based on the hemagglutinin-gene phylogenetic classification. In this article, we present the feasibility of road-killed animal samples for understanding the long-term dynamics of CDV among wildlife and provide novel virological sequence data to better understand CDV circulation and evolution.
Keywords	Canine morbillivirus ; Lutra lutra ; RNA ; animal health ; epizootic diseases ; flagship species ; genomics ; nanopores ; phylogeny ; piscivores ; retrospective studies ; risk ; viral genome ; wildlife ; wildlife management ; Central European region ; Hungary
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0629
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14071433
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Emergence of Hyalomma marginatum and Hyalomma rufipes adults revealed by citizen science tick monitoring in Hungary

Földvári, Gábor / Szabó, Éva / Tóth, Gábor Endre / Lanszki, Zsófia / Zana, Brigitta / Varga, Zsaklin / Kemenesi, Gábor

Transboundary and emerging diseases. 2022 Sept., v. 69, no. 5

2022

Abstract: Hyalomma ticks are important vectors of Crimean‐Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and other pathogens. They are frequently carried as immatures from Africa, the Middle East and Mediterranean areas to temperate Europe via migratory birds and ... ...

Abstract	Hyalomma ticks are important vectors of Crimean‐Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and other pathogens. They are frequently carried as immatures from Africa, the Middle East and Mediterranean areas to temperate Europe via migratory birds and emergence of adults has been reported in many countries where it has so far been considered non‐endemic. This study aimed to implement the first steps of the DAMA (Document, Assess, Monitor, Act) protocol by monitoring the potential arrival of adult Hyalomma ticks in Hungary applying citizen‐science methods. Ticks were collected from April to December 2021 by asking volunteer participants through a self‐made website to look for large, quickly moving, striped‐legged hard ticks on themselves, their pets and livestock. Owing to an intensive media campaign, the project website had more than 31,000 visitors within 7 months; 137 specimens and several hundred photos of hard ticks were submitted by citizen scientists from all over the country. Beside Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor reticulatus, Dermacentor marginatus and Haemaphysalis inermis, a specimen from a dog was morphologically identified as a male Hyalomma marginatum and another removed from a cow as a male Hyalomma rufipes. The dog and the cow had never been abroad, lived approximately 280 km apart, so the two Hyalomma observations can be considered separate introductions. Amplification of the partial mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene was successfully run for both specimens. Sequencing confirmed the morphological identification for both ticks. Based on the phylogenetic analyses, the Hy. marginatum individual most likely belongs to the Eurasian population and the Hy. rufipes tick to a clade of mixed sequences from Europe and Africa. We summarize the scattered historical reports about the occurrence of Hyalomma ticks and CCHFV in Hungary. Our data highlight the effectiveness of citizens science programmes in the monitoring and risk assessment of CCHFV emergence and preparedness in the study area.
Keywords	Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus ; Dermacentor marginatus ; Dermacentor reticulatus ; Haemaphysalis ; Hyalomma marginatum ; Internet ; Ixodes ricinus ; adults ; citizen science ; cows ; dogs ; genes ; immatures ; males ; migratory behavior ; mitochondria ; oxidoreductases ; phylogeny ; risk assessment ; ticks ; Africa ; Hungary ; Middle East
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Size	p. e2240-e2248.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2414822-2
ISSN	1865-1682 ; 1865-1674
ISSN (online)	1865-1682
ISSN	1865-1674
DOI	10.1111/tbed.14563
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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