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Article ; Online: Nutrition and the Covid-19 pandemic: Three factors with high impact on community health

Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Rendina, Domenico / Strazzullo, Pasquale

The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases. 2021 Mar. 10, v. 31, no. 3, p. 756-761

2021 , Page(s) 756–761

Abstract: In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple suggestions have been delivered through websites and social media referring to natural substances and various kinds of supplements with thaumaturgical properties in preventing and/or fighting the ... ...

Abstract	In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple suggestions have been delivered through websites and social media referring to natural substances and various kinds of supplements with thaumaturgical properties in preventing and/or fighting the coronavirus infection. Indeed, there is no clinical trial evidence that a dietary or pharmacological supplementation of any particular substance will increase the effectiveness of the immune defences. There are however three nutritional issues that deserve special attention under the present circumstances, namely vitamin D deficiency, excess salt intake and inappropriate alcohol consumption. Here is a short review of the current knowledge about the possible role of these factors in the immunity defence system and their potential impact on the modulation of the immune response to SARS-COV2 infection.For all of these factors there is convincing evidence of an impact on the immune defence structure and function. In the absence of RCT demonstration that increased ingestion of any given substance may confer protection against the new enemy, special attention to correction of these three nutritional criticisms is certainly warranted at the time of COVID pandemic.We propose that the inappropriate intake of salt and alcohol and the risk of inadequate vitamin D status should be object of screening, in particular in subjects at high mortality risk from SARS-COV 2 infection, such as institutionalised elderly subjects and all those affected by predisposing conditions.
Keywords	Coronavirus infections ; Internet ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ; alcohol drinking ; alcohols ; cardiovascular diseases ; clinical trials ; community health ; elderly ; immune response ; infection ; knowledge ; metabolism ; mortality ; pandemic ; risk ; screening ; social networks ; vitamin D deficiency ; vitamin status ; COVID-19 ; Nutrition ; Immunity ; Vitamin D ; Sodium ; Alcohol
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0310
Size	p. 756-761
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1067704-5
ISSN	0939-4753
ISSN	0939-4753
DOI	10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.001
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Nutrition and the Covid-19 pandemic: Three factors with high impact on community health.

Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Rendina, Domenico / Strazzullo, Pasquale

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD

2020 Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 756–761

Abstract: Aims: In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple suggestions have been delivered through websites and social media referring to natural substances and various kinds of supplements with thaumaturgical properties in preventing and/or fighting the ... ...

Abstract	Aims: In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple suggestions have been delivered through websites and social media referring to natural substances and various kinds of supplements with thaumaturgical properties in preventing and/or fighting the coronavirus infection. Indeed, there is no clinical trial evidence that a dietary or pharmacological supplementation of any particular substance will increase the effectiveness of the immune defences. There are however three nutritional issues that deserve special attention under the present circumstances, namely vitamin D deficiency, excess salt intake and inappropriate alcohol consumption. Here is a short review of the current knowledge about the possible role of these factors in the immunity defence system and their potential impact on the modulation of the immune response to SARS-COV2 infection. Data synthesis: For all of these factors there is convincing evidence of an impact on the immune defence structure and function. In the absence of RCT demonstration that increased ingestion of any given substance may confer protection against the new enemy, special attention to correction of these three nutritional criticisms is certainly warranted at the time of COVID pandemic. Conclusions: We propose that the inappropriate intake of salt and alcohol and the risk of inadequate vitamin D status should be object of screening, in particular in subjects at high mortality risk from SARS-COV 2 infection, such as institutionalised elderly subjects and all those affected by predisposing conditions.
MeSH term(s)	Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Alcohol Drinking/immunology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; Diet/methods ; Dietary Supplements ; Humans ; Immunity ; Nutritional Status ; Pandemics ; Public Health ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sodium, Dietary/adverse effects ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage ; Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology ; Vitamin D Deficiency/immunology ; Vitamin D Deficiency/therapy ; Vitamins/administration & dosage
Chemical Substances	Sodium, Dietary ; Vitamins ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1067704-5
ISSN	1590-3729 ; 0939-4753
ISSN (online)	1590-3729
ISSN	0939-4753
DOI	10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.001
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Article ; Online: Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, Dietary Salt Intake, and Susceptibility to Nephrolithiasis: A Case-Control Study.

Abate, Veronica / Vergatti, Anita / Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Recano, Costantino / Brancaccio, Marzia / Prezioso, Domenico / Muscariello, Riccardo / Nuzzo, Vincenzo / De Filippo, Gianpaolo / Strazzullo, Pasquale / Faraonio, Raffaella / Galletti, Ferruccio / Rendina, Domenico / D'Elia, Lanfranco

Nutrients

2024 Volume 16, Issue 6

Abstract: Unhealthy dietary habits play a key role in the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis (NL). The aims of this case-control study were to evaluate (i) the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) and the dietary salt intake in stone-forming patients (SF), (ii) ... ...

Abstract	Unhealthy dietary habits play a key role in the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis (NL). The aims of this case-control study were to evaluate (i) the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) and the dietary salt intake in stone-forming patients (SF), (ii) the relationship occurring between MD adherence, salt intake and NL-related metabolic risk factors in SF, and (iii) the impact of combined high MD adherence and low salt intake on NL susceptibility. From 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019, we recruited all SF consecutively referred to the Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) center of Federico II University, and at least two control subjects without a personal history of NL, age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched to SF (NSF). All study participants were interviewed using the validated MEDI-LITE and MINISAL questionnaires. In an SF subgroup, the NL-related metabolic risk factors were also evaluated. SF showed a lower MD adherence and a higher salt intake compared with NSF. The NL susceptibility decreased by 36% [OR: 0.64 (0.59-0.70);
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diet, Mediterranean ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary/adverse effects ; Case-Control Studies ; Nephrolithiasis ; Nutritional Status
Chemical Substances	Sodium Chloride, Dietary
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu16060783
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Evaluation of the Nutritional Status of Gaucher Disease Type I Patients under Enzyme Replacement Treatment

Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Speranza, Enza / Marra, Maurizio / Pasanisi, Fabrizio / Sammarco, Rosa / Galletti, Ferruccio / Strazzullo, Pasquale / Barbato, Antonio

Nutrients. 2022 Aug. 03, v. 14, no. 15

2022

Abstract: 1) Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare lysosomal storage disease. The few studies analyzing Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) in GD involved mainly untreated patients and supported a hypermetabolic condition possibly due to the associated ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare lysosomal storage disease. The few studies analyzing Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) in GD involved mainly untreated patients and supported a hypermetabolic condition possibly due to the associated inflammatory state. Definitive conclusions could not be drawn also because of the heterogeneity and the small size of the samples investigated. In order to expand current knowledge concerning, in particular the condition of patients under Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT), we evaluated the nutritional status of a relatively large sample of GD patients followed at Federico II University Hospital in Naples, Italy. (2) Methods: The study, having a cross-sectional design and involving 26 patients on ERT, included routine biochemical analyses, bioelectrical impedance analysis, indirect calorimetry, and administration of food frequency and physical activity questionnaires. The results in GD patients were compared with those from an appropriate control group. (3) Results: GD patients had normal biochemical parameters in 80% of cases, except for HDL-cholesterol, consumed a hyper-lipidic diet, and had a 60% prevalence of overweight/obesity. Body composition did not differ between patients and controls; however, measured REE was significantly lower than predicted and was reduced in comparison with the healthy controls. (4) Conclusions: This study provided novel elements to the present knowledge about REE and the nutritional status of GD patients under ERT. Its results warrant confirmation in even larger GD population samples and a more in-depth investigation of the long-term effects of treatment superimposed on the basic pathophysiological disease condition.
Keywords	bioelectrical impedance ; body composition ; calorimetry ; diet ; enzyme replacement therapy ; enzymes ; genetic disorders ; high density lipoprotein cholesterol ; hospitals ; nutritional status ; obesity ; physical activity ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0803
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14153180
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the Nutritional Status of Gaucher Disease Type I Patients under Enzyme Replacement Treatment.

Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Speranza, Enza / Marra, Maurizio / Pasanisi, Fabrizio / Sammarco, Rosa / Galletti, Ferruccio / Strazzullo, Pasquale / Barbato, Antonio

Nutrients

2022 Volume 14, Issue 15

Abstract	(1) Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare lysosomal storage disease. The few studies analyzing Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) in GD involved mainly untreated patients and supported a hypermetabolic condition possibly due to the associated inflammatory state. Definitive conclusions could not be drawn also because of the heterogeneity and the small size of the samples investigated. In order to expand current knowledge concerning, in particular the condition of patients under Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT), we evaluated the nutritional status of a relatively large sample of GD patients followed at Federico II University Hospital in Naples, Italy. (2) Methods: The study, having a cross-sectional design and involving 26 patients on ERT, included routine biochemical analyses, bioelectrical impedance analysis, indirect calorimetry, and administration of food frequency and physical activity questionnaires. The results in GD patients were compared with those from an appropriate control group. (3) Results: GD patients had normal biochemical parameters in 80% of cases, except for HDL-cholesterol, consumed a hyper-lipidic diet, and had a 60% prevalence of overweight/obesity. Body composition did not differ between patients and controls; however, measured REE was significantly lower than predicted and was reduced in comparison with the healthy controls. (4) Conclusions: This study provided novel elements to the present knowledge about REE and the nutritional status of GD patients under ERT. Its results warrant confirmation in even larger GD population samples and a more in-depth investigation of the long-term effects of treatment superimposed on the basic pathophysiological disease condition.
MeSH term(s)	Body Composition ; Calorimetry, Indirect ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Gaucher Disease/drug therapy ; Gaucher Disease/epidemiology ; Humans ; Nutritional Status
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14153180
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Hypertension and mortality in SARS-COV-2 infection: A meta-analysis of observational studies after 2 years of pandemic.

D'Elia, Lanfranco / Giaquinto, Alfonso / Zarrella, Aquilino Flavio / Rendina, Domenico / Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Strazzullo, Pasquale / Galletti, Ferruccio

European journal of internal medicine

2022 Volume 108, Page(s) 28–36

Abstract: Background: The worldwide pandemic SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with clinical course including a very broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, including death. Several studies and meta-analyses have evaluated the role of hypertension on ... ...

Abstract	Background: The worldwide pandemic SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with clinical course including a very broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, including death. Several studies and meta-analyses have evaluated the role of hypertension on prognosis, but with important limitations and conflicting results. Therefore, we decided to perform a new meta-analysis of the observational studies that explored the relationship between pre-existing hypertension and mortality risk in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, using more stringent inclusion criteria to overcome the limitations inherent previous meta-analyses. Methods: A systematic search of the on-line databases available up to 31 March 2022 was conducted, including peer-reviewed original articles, involving the adult population, where the role of hypertension on mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined by Cox-proportional hazard models. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) was calculated by a random effect model. Sensitivity, heterogeneity, publication bias, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed. Results: Twenty-six studies (222,083 participants) met the pre-defined inclusion criteria. In the pooled analysis, pre-existing hypertension was significantly associated with mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, both in unadjusted and adjusted models (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.22 to 1.97). However, in separate analyses including results adjusted for crucial and strong predictors of mortality during SARS-CoV-2 infection (e.g. body weight), the association disappeared. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis indicate that pre-existing hypertension is not an independent predictor of mortality during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies should nevertheless be carried out worldwide to evaluate this role, independent of, or in interaction with, other confounders that may affect the mortality risk.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pandemics ; Hypertension/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1038679-8
ISSN	1879-0828 ; 0953-6205
ISSN (online)	1879-0828
ISSN	0953-6205
DOI	10.1016/j.ejim.2022.11.018
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Article: Dyslipidemia in Transplant Patients: Which Therapy?

Iannuzzo, Gabriella / Cuomo, Gianluigi / Di Lorenzo, Anna / Tripaldella, Maria / Mallardo, Vania / Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Sagnelli, Caterina / Sica, Antonello / Creta, Massimiliano / Baltar, Javier / Crocetto, Felice / Bresciani, Alessandro / Gentile, Marco / Calogero, Armando / Giallauria, Francesco

Journal of clinical medicine

2022 Volume 11, Issue 14

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is the most important cause of death worldwide in recent years; an increasing trend is also shown in organ transplant patients subjected to immunosuppressive therapies, in which cardiovascular diseases represent one of the most ... ...

Abstract	Cardiovascular disease is the most important cause of death worldwide in recent years; an increasing trend is also shown in organ transplant patients subjected to immunosuppressive therapies, in which cardiovascular diseases represent one of the most frequent causes of long-term mortality. This is also linked to immunosuppressant-induced dyslipidemia, which occurs in 27 to 71% of organ transplant recipients. The aim of this review is to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying dyslipidemia in patients treated with immunosuppressants to identify immunosuppressive therapies which do not cause dyslipidemia or therapeutic pathways effective in reducing hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, or both, without further adverse events.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm11144080
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Article ; Online: A Lower Sodium Neapolitan Pizza Prepared with Seawater in Place of Salt: Nutritional Properties, Sensory Characteristics, and Metabolic Effects.

Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Russo, Ornella / Iacone, Roberto / D'Elia, Lanfranco / Giacco, Rosalba / Volpe, Maria Grazie / Strazzullo, Pasquale

Nutrients

2020 Volume 12, Issue 11

Abstract: Seawater is rich in minerals which may help confer good palatability to foods, favouring the use of smaller amounts of salt, a recognized measure of cardiovascular prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional properties, sensory ... ...

Abstract	Seawater is rich in minerals which may help confer good palatability to foods, favouring the use of smaller amounts of salt, a recognized measure of cardiovascular prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional properties, sensory characteristics and metabolic effects of a typical Neapolitan pizza prepared with seawater (SWP) in place of common salt, in comparison with Standard traditional Pizza (StP). The nutritional characteristics and the chemical profile of the SWP and StP were assessed by chemical analyses and the use of Food Composition Tables. Twelve healthy volunteers were recruited for a Randomized Controlled Trial, with the consumption of one StP and one SWP using a balanced crossover design. The satiating power and palatability of the two pizzas were tested by the administration of Visual Analogue Scales. Serum glucose, insulin and sodium were measured every 30 min and 3 h urines were collected after each meal. SWP contained nearly 50% less NaCl and a larger amount of micronutrients compared with StP. No significant differences were detected between the two pizzas with regard to satiating power, pleasantness and glycemic and insulinemic response. However, a significant difference was found in the urine volume collected over the 3 h after the two meals (194 mL after StP vs. 292 mL after SWP,
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Cross-Over Studies ; Diet, Sodium-Restricted ; Double-Blind Method ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Insulin/blood ; Male ; Meals ; Postprandial Period ; Seawater/chemistry ; Sodium/blood ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary/administration & dosage ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary/metabolism ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Insulin ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; Sodium (9NEZ333N27)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu12113533
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Article ; Online: Relationship between salt consumption and iodine intake in a pediatric population.

Iacone, Roberto / Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / Campanozzi, Angelo / Rutigliano, Irene / Russo, Ornella / Formisano, Pietro / Galeone, Daniela / Macchia, Paolo Emidio / Strazzullo, Pasquale

European journal of nutrition

2020 Volume 60, Issue 4, Page(s) 2193–2202

Abstract: Purpose: The World Health Organization recommends reduction of salt intake to < 5 g/day and the use of iodized salt to prevent iodine deficiency states. A high prevalence of excess salt consumption and an inadequate iodine intake has been previously ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The World Health Organization recommends reduction of salt intake to < 5 g/day and the use of iodized salt to prevent iodine deficiency states. A high prevalence of excess salt consumption and an inadequate iodine intake has been previously shown in an Italian pediatric population. It was appropriate, therefore, to analyse in the same population the relationship occurring between salt consumption and iodine intake. Methods: The study population was made of 1270 children and adolescents. Estimates of salt consumption and iodine intake were obtained by measuring 24 h urinary sodium and iodine excretion. Results: The iodine intake increased gradually across quartiles of salt consumption independently of sex, age and body weight (p < 0.001). Median iodine intake met the European Food Safety Authority adequacy level only in teenagers in the highest quartile of salt consumption (salt intake > 10.2 g/day). We estimated that approximately 65-73% of the total iodine intake was derived from food and 27-35% from iodized salt and that iodized salt made actually only 20% of the total salt intake. Conclusion: In this pediatric population, in face of an elevated average salt consumption, the use of iodized salt was still insufficient to ensure an adequate iodine intake, in particular among teenagers. In the perspective of a progressive reduction of total salt intake, the health institutions should continue to support iodoprophylaxis, in the context of the national strategies for salt reduction. In order for these policies to be successful, in addition to educational campaigns, it is needed that the prescriptions contained in the current legislation on iodoprophylaxis are made compelling through specific enforcement measures for all the involved stakeholders.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Iodine ; Italy/epidemiology ; Nutritional Status ; Sodium Chloride ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary
Chemical Substances	Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; Sodium Chloride (451W47IQ8X) ; Iodine (9679TC07X4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-21
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1466536-0
ISSN	1436-6215 ; 1436-6207
ISSN (online)	1436-6215
ISSN	1436-6207
DOI	10.1007/s00394-020-02407-w
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Article ; Online: Estimation of glomerular filtration rate from skeletal muscle mass. A new equation independent from age, weight, gender, and ethnicity.

Iacone, Roberto / Guida, Bruna / Scanzano, Clelia / Iaccarino Idelson, Paola / D'Elia, Lanfranco / Barbato, Antonio / Strazzullo, Pasquale

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD

2020 Volume 30, Issue 12, Page(s) 2312–2319

Abstract: Background and aims: The most used indicator for the renal function is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Current used predictive GFR equations were calibrated on patients with chronic kidney disease. Thus, they are not very precise in healthy ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: The most used indicator for the renal function is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Current used predictive GFR equations were calibrated on patients with chronic kidney disease. Thus, they are not very precise in healthy individuals. The estimation of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) allows the prediction of the daily urinary creatinine excretion (24hUCrE). This study proposes an equation for the estimation of GFR based on SMM (eGFRMuscle) and serum creatinine (SCr). Methods and results: Four hundred sixty-six free-living men underwent a bioelectrical impedance analysis for the evaluation of SMM (kg), a blood withdrawal for the measurement of SCr (mg/dL), and a 24-h urinary collection for the assessment of 24hUCrE (g/24 h). The linear regression analysis between SMM and 24hUCrE and the measurement of SCr allowed developing a predictive equation of eGFRMuscle. The equation predicting eGFRMuscle (ml/min/1.73 m Conclusions: The equation presented in this study results in age, weight, gender, and ethnicity independent because it arises directly from SMM estimation. Therefore, the proposed equation could allow evaluating the GFR also in healthy people with low, average, or high weight, and in older people, regardless of GFR and SCr levels.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers/blood ; Biomarkers/urine ; Body Composition ; Creatinine/blood ; Creatinine/urine ; Electric Impedance ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Kidney/physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Organ Size ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Reproducibility of Results ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1067704-5
ISSN	1590-3729 ; 0939-4753
ISSN (online)	1590-3729
ISSN	0939-4753
DOI	10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.027
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