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Article: The 17th Workshop on Antarctic Meteorology and Climate and 7th Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere Meeting.

Tomanek, Anastasia J / Lazzara, Matthew A / Mikolajczyk, David E / Norton, Taylor P / Onsi, Isabella I / Bromwich, David H / Litell, Mariana F

Advances in atmospheric sciences

2023 , Page(s) 1–8

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-06
Publishing country	China
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2228064-9
ISSN	1861-9533 ; 0256-1530
ISSN (online)	1861-9533
ISSN	0256-1530
DOI	10.1007/s00376-023-3049-y
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Article ; Online: Controlling hypothalamic DNA methylation at the Pomc promoter does not regulate weight gain during the development of obesity

Taylor McFadden / Natasha Gaito / Isabella Carucci / Everett Fletchall / Kayla Farrell / Timothy J. Jarome

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

2023 Volume 4

Abstract: Obesity is a complex medical condition that is linked to various health complications such as infertility, stroke, and osteoarthritis. Understanding the neurobiology of obesity is crucial for responding to the etiology of this disease. The hypothalamus ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a complex medical condition that is linked to various health complications such as infertility, stroke, and osteoarthritis. Understanding the neurobiology of obesity is crucial for responding to the etiology of this disease. The hypothalamus coordinates many integral activities such as hormone regulation and feed intake and numerous studies have observed altered hypothalamic gene regulation in obesity models. Previously, it was reported that the promoter region of the satiety gene, Pomc, has increased DNA methylation in the hypothalamus following short-term exposure to a high fat diet, suggesting that epigenetic-mediated repression of hypothalamic Pomc might contribute to the development of obesity. However, due to technical limitations, this has never been directly tested. Here, we used the CRISPR-dCas9-TET1 and dCas9-DNMT3a systems to test the role of Pomc DNA methylation in the hypothalamus in abnormal weight gain following acute exposure to a high fat diet in male rats. We found that exposure to a high fat diet increases Pomc DNA methylation and reduces gene expression in the hypothalamus. Despite this, we found that CRISPR-dCas9-TET1-mediated demethylation of Pomc was not sufficient to prevent abnormal weight gain following exposure to a high fat diet. Furthermore, CRISPR-dCas9-DNMT3a-mediated methylation of Pomc did not alter weight gain following exposure to standard or high fat diets. Collectively, these results suggest that high fat diet induced changes in Pomc DNA methylation are a consequence of, but do not directly contribute to, abnormal weight gain during the development of obesity.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Controlling hypothalamic DNA methylation at the Pomc promoter does not regulate weight gain during the development of obesity.

Taylor McFadden / Natasha Gaito / Isabella Carucci / Everett Fletchall / Kayla Farrell / Timothy J Jarome

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 4, p e

2023 Volume 0284286

Abstract	Obesity is a complex medical condition that is linked to various health complications such as infertility, stroke, and osteoarthritis. Understanding the neurobiology of obesity is crucial for responding to the etiology of this disease. The hypothalamus coordinates many integral activities such as hormone regulation and feed intake and numerous studies have observed altered hypothalamic gene regulation in obesity models. Previously, it was reported that the promoter region of the satiety gene, Pomc, has increased DNA methylation in the hypothalamus following short-term exposure to a high fat diet, suggesting that epigenetic-mediated repression of hypothalamic Pomc might contribute to the development of obesity. However, due to technical limitations, this has never been directly tested. Here, we used the CRISPR-dCas9-TET1 and dCas9-DNMT3a systems to test the role of Pomc DNA methylation in the hypothalamus in abnormal weight gain following acute exposure to a high fat diet in male rats. We found that exposure to a high fat diet increases Pomc DNA methylation and reduces gene expression in the hypothalamus. Despite this, we found that CRISPR-dCas9-TET1-mediated demethylation of Pomc was not sufficient to prevent abnormal weight gain following exposure to a high fat diet. Furthermore, CRISPR-dCas9-DNMT3a-mediated methylation of Pomc did not alter weight gain following exposure to standard or high fat diets. Collectively, these results suggest that high fat diet induced changes in Pomc DNA methylation are a consequence of, but do not directly contribute to, abnormal weight gain during the development of obesity.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Controlling hypothalamic DNA methylation at the Pomc promoter does not regulate weight gain during the development of obesity.

McFadden, Taylor / Gaito, Natasha / Carucci, Isabella / Fletchall, Everett / Farrell, Kayla / Jarome, Timothy J

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e0284286

Abstract	Obesity is a complex medical condition that is linked to various health complications such as infertility, stroke, and osteoarthritis. Understanding the neurobiology of obesity is crucial for responding to the etiology of this disease. The hypothalamus coordinates many integral activities such as hormone regulation and feed intake and numerous studies have observed altered hypothalamic gene regulation in obesity models. Previously, it was reported that the promoter region of the satiety gene, Pomc, has increased DNA methylation in the hypothalamus following short-term exposure to a high fat diet, suggesting that epigenetic-mediated repression of hypothalamic Pomc might contribute to the development of obesity. However, due to technical limitations, this has never been directly tested. Here, we used the CRISPR-dCas9-TET1 and dCas9-DNMT3a systems to test the role of Pomc DNA methylation in the hypothalamus in abnormal weight gain following acute exposure to a high fat diet in male rats. We found that exposure to a high fat diet increases Pomc DNA methylation and reduces gene expression in the hypothalamus. Despite this, we found that CRISPR-dCas9-TET1-mediated demethylation of Pomc was not sufficient to prevent abnormal weight gain following exposure to a high fat diet. Furthermore, CRISPR-dCas9-DNMT3a-mediated methylation of Pomc did not alter weight gain following exposure to standard or high fat diets. Collectively, these results suggest that high fat diet induced changes in Pomc DNA methylation are a consequence of, but do not directly contribute to, abnormal weight gain during the development of obesity.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Male ; Animals ; DNA Methylation ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Weight Gain/genetics ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Pro-Opiomelanocortin (66796-54-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0284286
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Article ; Online: Hypothalamic DNA 5-hydroxymethylation levels are altered by diet-induced weight gain during the development of obesity in a sex-specific manner.

McFadden, Taylor / Carucci, Isabella / Farrell, Kayla / Fletchall, Everett / Jarome, Timothy J

Brain research

2023 Volume 1817, Page(s) 148478

Abstract: Obesity is a major health concern that is associated with altered gene transcription in the hypothalamus. However, the mechanisms controlling this gene expression dysregulation remain largely unknown. DNA 5-hydroxymethylation (5-hmC) is a potent ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a major health concern that is associated with altered gene transcription in the hypothalamus. However, the mechanisms controlling this gene expression dysregulation remain largely unknown. DNA 5-hydroxymethylation (5-hmC) is a potent transcriptional activator that is expressed at 10 times higher levels in the brain than the periphery. Despite this, no study has examined if DNA 5-hmC is altered in the brain following exposure to obesogenic diets or contributes to abnormal weight gain over time. Here, we used a rodent diet-induced obesity model in combination with quantitative molecular assays and CRISPR-dCas9 manipulations to test the role of hypothalamic DNA 5-hmC in abnormal weight gain in male and female rats. We found that males, but not females, have decreased levels of DNA 5-hmC in the hypothalamus following exposure to a high fat diet, which directly correlate with increased body weight. Short-term exposure to a high fat diet, which does not result in significant weight gain, resulted in decreased hypothalamic DNA 5-hmC levels, suggesting these changes occur prior to obesity development. Moreover, decreases in DNA 5-hmC persist even after the high fat diet is removed, though the extent of this is diet-dependent. Importantly, CRISPR-dCas9-mediated upregulation of DNA 5-hmC enzymes in the male, but not female, ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus significantly reduced the percentage of weight gained on the high fat diet relative to controls. These results suggest that hypothalamic DNA 5-hmC is an important sex-specific regulator of abnormal weight gain following exposure to high fat diets.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Male ; Rats ; Animals ; Obesity/genetics ; Weight Gain/physiology ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects ; Biochemical Phenomena
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1200-2
ISSN	1872-6240 ; 0006-8993
ISSN (online)	1872-6240
ISSN	0006-8993
DOI	10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148478
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Article: A study demonstrating users' preference for the adapted-REQUITE patient-reported outcome questionnaire over PRO-CTCAE

Jordan, Thomas / Nuamek, Thitikorn / Fornacon-Wood, Isabella / Califano, Raffaele / Coote, Joanna / Harris, Margaret / Mistry, Hitesh / Taylor, Paul / Woolf, David / Faivre-Finn, Corinne

Frontiers in oncology

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 1328871

Abstract: Introduction: The use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) has been shown to enhance the accuracy of symptom collection and improve overall survival and quality of life. This is the first study comparing concordance and patient preference for two PRO ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) has been shown to enhance the accuracy of symptom collection and improve overall survival and quality of life. This is the first study comparing concordance and patient preference for two PRO tools: Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE Materials and methods: Patients with lung cancer were recruited to the study while attending outpatient clinics at a tertiary cancer centre. Clinician-reported outcomes were generated through initial patient assessment with CTCAE v4.03. Participants then completed the PRO-CTCAE Results: Out of 74 patients approached, 65 provided written informed consent to participate in the study. 63 (96.9%) patients completed both PRO-CTCAE Conclusion: The adapted-REQUITE questionnaire has shown a superior correlation to clinician-reported outcomes and higher patient preference than the PRO-CTCAE
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2024.1328871
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Article: Management of foreign body ingestion in adults: Time to STOP and rethink endoscopy.

Tambakis, George / Schildkraut, Tamar / Delaney, Isabella / Gilmore, Robert / Loebenstein, Moshe / Taylor, Andrew / Holt, Bronte / Tsoi, Edward H / Cameron, Georgina / Demediuk, Barbara / Miller, Ashley / Connell, William / Wright, Emily / Thompson, Alexander / Holmes, Jacinta

Endoscopy international open

2023 Volume 11, Issue 12, Page(s) E1161–E1167

Abstract: Background and study ... ...

Abstract	Background and study aims
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-12
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2761052-4
ISSN	2196-9736 ; 2364-3722
ISSN (online)	2196-9736
ISSN	2364-3722
DOI	10.1055/a-2201-6928
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Article ; Online: Transglobal spread of an ecologically relevant sea urchin parasite.

Ritchie, Isabella T / Vilanova-Cuevas, Brayan / Altera, Ashley / Cornfield, Kaileigh / Evans, Ceri / Evans, James S / Hopson-Fernandes, Maria / Kellogg, Christina A / Looker, Elayne / Taylor, Oliver / Hewson, Ian / Breitbart, Mya

The ISME journal

2024 Volume 18, Issue 1

Abstract: Mass mortality of the dominant coral reef herbivore Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean in the early 1980s contributed to a persistent phase shift from coral- to algal-dominated reefs. In 2022, a scuticociliate most closely related to Philaster ... ...

Abstract	Mass mortality of the dominant coral reef herbivore Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean in the early 1980s contributed to a persistent phase shift from coral- to algal-dominated reefs. In 2022, a scuticociliate most closely related to Philaster apodigitiformis caused further mass mortality of D. antillarum across the Caribbean, leading to >95% mortality at affected sites. Mortality was also reported in the related species Diadema setosum in the Mediterranean in 2022, though the causative agent of the Mediterranean outbreak has not yet been determined. In April 2023, mass mortality of Diadema setosum occurred along the Sultanate of Oman's coastline. Urchins displayed signs compatible with scuticociliatosis including abnormal behavior, drooping and loss of spines, followed by tissue necrosis and death. Here we report the detection of an 18S rRNA gene sequence in abnormal urchins from Muscat, Oman, that is identical to the Philaster strain responsible for D. antillarum mass mortality in the Caribbean. We also show that scuticociliatosis signs can be elicited in Diadema setosum by experimental challenge with the cultivated Philaster strain associated with Caribbean scuticociliatosis. These results demonstrate the Philaster sp. associated with D. antillarum mass mortality has rapidly spread to geographically distant coral reefs, compelling global-scale awareness and monitoring for this devastating condition through field surveys, microscopy, and molecular microbiological approaches, and prompting investigation of long-range transmission mechanisms.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecosystem ; Parasites ; Sea Urchins/genetics ; Coral Reefs ; Anthozoa
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2406536-5
ISSN	1751-7370 ; 1751-7362
ISSN (online)	1751-7370
ISSN	1751-7362
DOI	10.1093/ismejo/wrae024
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Article ; Online: Structured approaches to implementation of clinical genomics: A scoping review.

Brown, Helen L / Sherburn, Isabella A / Gaff, Clara / Taylor, Natalie / Best, Stephanie

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics

2022 Volume 24, Issue 7, Page(s) 1415–1424

Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to assess the extent to which structured approaches to implementation of clinical genomics, proposed or adapted, are informed by evidence.: Methods: A systematic approach was used to identify peer-reviewed articles and gray ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study aimed to assess the extent to which structured approaches to implementation of clinical genomics, proposed or adapted, are informed by evidence. Methods: A systematic approach was used to identify peer-reviewed articles and gray literature to report on 4 research questions: 1. What structured approaches have been proposed to support implementation? 2. To what extent are the structured approaches informed by evidence? 3. How have structured approaches been deployed in the genomic setting? 4. What are the intended outcomes of the structured approaches? Results: A total of 30 unique structured approaches to implementation were reported across 23 peer-reviewed publications and 11 gray literature articles. Most approaches were process models, applied in the preadoption implementation phase, focusing on a "service" outcome. Key findings included a lack of implementation science theory informing the development/implementation of newly designed structured approaches in the genomic setting and a lack of measures to assess implementation effectiveness. Conclusion: This scoping review identified a significant number of structured approaches developed to inform the implementation of genomic medicine into clinical practice, with limited use of implementation science to support the process. We recommend the use of existing implementation science theory and the expertise of implementation scientists to inform the design of genomic programs being implemented into clinical care.
MeSH term(s)	Genomics ; Humans ; Implementation Science
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1455352-1
ISSN	1530-0366 ; 1098-3600
ISSN (online)	1530-0366
ISSN	1098-3600
DOI	10.1016/j.gim.2022.03.017
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Zs.A 5059: Show issues

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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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Article ; Online: Microperimetry Reliability Assessed From Fixation Performance.

Josan, Amandeep Singh / Farrance, Isabella / Taylor, Laura J / Adeyoju, Daniel / Buckley, Thomas M W / Jolly, Jasleen K / MacLaren, Robert E

Translational vision science & technology

2023 Volume 12, Issue 5, Page(s) 21

Abstract: Purpose: Microperimetry provides an accurate assessment of central retinal sensitivity due to its fundus-tracking capability, but it has limited reliability indicators. One method currently employed, fixation loss, samples the optic nerve blind spot for ...

Abstract	Purpose: Microperimetry provides an accurate assessment of central retinal sensitivity due to its fundus-tracking capability, but it has limited reliability indicators. One method currently employed, fixation loss, samples the optic nerve blind spot for positive responses; however, it is unclear if these responses arise from unintentional button presses or from tracking failure leading to stimuli misplacement. We investigated the relationship between blind spot scotoma positive responses (termed scotoma responses) and fixation. Methods: Part 1 of the study involved a custom grid of 181 points centered on the optic nerve that was constructed to map physiological blind spots in primary and simulated eccentric fixation positions. Scotoma responses and the 63% and 95% fixation bivariate contour ellipse areas (BCEA63 and BCEA95) were analyzed. In Part 2, fixation data from controls and patients with retinal diseases (234 eyes from 118 patients) were collected. Results: Part 1, a linear mixed model of 32 control participants, demonstrated significant (P < 0.001) correlation between scotoma responses and BCEA95. In Part 2, the upper 95% confidence intervals for BCEA95 were 3.7 deg2 for controls, 27.6 deg2 for choroideremia, 23.1 deg2 for typical rod-cone dystrophies, 21.4 deg2 for Stargardt disease, and 111.3 deg2 for age-related macular degeneration. Incorporating all pathology groups into an overall statistic resulted in an upper limit BCEA95 = 29.6 deg2. Conclusions: Microperimetry reliability is significantly correlated to fixation performance, and BCEA95 provides a surrogate marker for test accuracy. Examinations of healthy individuals and patients with retinal disease are deemed unreliable if BCEA95 > 4 deg2 and BCEA95 > 30 deg2, respectively. Translational relevance: Microperimetry reliability should be assessed using fixation performance as summarized by BCEA95 rather than the level of fixation losses.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Scotoma ; Reproducibility of Results ; Visual Field Tests ; Retinal Diseases ; Fundus Oculi
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2674602-5
ISSN	2164-2591 ; 2164-2591
ISSN (online)	2164-2591
ISSN	2164-2591
DOI	10.1167/tvst.12.5.21
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