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  1. Article ; Online: Relationship between patient safety indicator events and hospital location for inpatient hysterectomy.

    Sears, Sarah / Mitchell, Diana / Sammarco, Anne / Sheyn, David

    Minerva obstetrics and gynecology

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Previous studies suggest surgical quality outcomes are similar between rural and urban hospitals, but data about gynecology in rural hospitals is sparse.: Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study utilizing the National Inpatient ... ...

    Abstract Background: Previous studies suggest surgical quality outcomes are similar between rural and urban hospitals, but data about gynecology in rural hospitals is sparse.
    Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study utilizing the National Inpatient Sample database from the Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality. Patients who underwent benign hysterectomy for non-prolapse indications between 2012-2016 were identified using ICD-9 and 10 codes. Patients were stratified into rural or urban non-teaching groups; urban teaching hospitals were the referent group. The primary outcome was the rate of patient safety indicator (PSI) events. PSI events were identified using ICD-9 and 10 codes. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and uni- and multivariate Poisson regressions.
    Results: 154,810 patients met all inclusion criteria. The cumulative rate of PSI events was 11.9% at rural hospitals, 13.9% at urban non-teaching hospitals and 16.9% at urban teaching hospitals, P<0.001. The most common PSI events were postoperative metabolic derangement, hemorrhage, and accidental puncture. The rate of transfusion was highest in urban teaching hospitals (6.7%) and similar for rural (5.1%) and urban non-teaching hospitals (5.5%), P<0.001. The rate of genitourinary tract injury was between 1.4-1.6%, and similar across sites, P=0.89. After adjusting for confounders, the risk of PSI events was similar across locations. The risk of transfusion was lower at rural hospitals (aRR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.94).
    Conclusions: Hysterectomy performed at rural hospitals, typically thought of as having low surgical volume compared to urban hospitals, is associated with similar risk of PSI events and lower risk of transfusion.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3062815-5
    ISSN 2724-6450
    ISSN (online) 2724-6450
    DOI 10.23736/S2724-606X.24.05431-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Does order matter? Harmonic priming effects for scrambled tonal chord sequences.

    Sears, David R W / Verbeten, Jonathan E / Percival, Hannah M

    Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance

    2023  Volume 49, Issue 7, Page(s) 999–1015

    Abstract: This study examines whether scrambling the order of events in a tonal chord sequence inhibits the speed and accuracy of processing in two behavioral harmonic priming experiments. Sixteen 9-chord sequences were adapted from Bach's chorales that either ... ...

    Abstract This study examines whether scrambling the order of events in a tonal chord sequence inhibits the speed and accuracy of processing in two behavioral harmonic priming experiments. Sixteen 9-chord sequences were adapted from Bach's chorales that either remained unchanged (thereby reflecting high temporal coherence) or were scrambled to produce increasingly incoherent sequences (i.e., medium or low). To produce the scrambled conditions, a finite-context (or
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Pitch Perception ; Reaction Time ; Music
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 189734-2
    ISSN 1939-1277 ; 0096-1523
    ISSN (online) 1939-1277
    ISSN 0096-1523
    DOI 10.1037/xhp0001103
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    Zs.A 2254: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: Atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry: An easy bolt-on for the synthetic undergraduate teaching laboratory.

    Bingham, Nathaniel M / Wright, James S / Mathias, Simone C / Douce, David / Sears, Patrick

    Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM

    2024  Volume 38, Issue 5, Page(s) e9689

    Abstract: Rationale: High costs and student numbers can often hinder implementation of mass spectrometry (MS) in the undergraduate teaching laboratory, often with technicians running samples on students' behalf, and the implementation of MS only in discrete or ... ...

    Abstract Rationale: High costs and student numbers can often hinder implementation of mass spectrometry (MS) in the undergraduate teaching laboratory, often with technicians running samples on students' behalf, and the implementation of MS only in discrete or isolated experiments. This study explores the use of atmospheric solids analysis probe MS (ASAP-MS) as a relatively low-cost, benchtop instrument, and its potential for application as a 'bolt-on' to existing undergraduate organic chemistry experiments.
    Methods: Thirteen products synthesised in undergraduate laboratory experiments were analysed by ASAP-MS, along with their starting materials. Analysis was carried out with a Waters RADIAN ASAP mass spectrometer, at four different cone voltages simultaneously to provide fragmentation information.
    Results: Out of the 13 undergraduate experiments, ASAP-MS was shown to be complementary in 11 of these, either through simple analysis of the precursor ion or by a more complex analysis of the fragments.
    Conclusions: ASAP-MS provided spectra that both complement and enhance intended learning outcomes in existing organic chemistry experiments, showing its versatility as a bolt-on technique. Moving forward, ASAP-MS will be integrated into the University of Surrey's undergraduate teaching laboratory.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 58731-x
    ISSN 1097-0231 ; 0951-4198
    ISSN (online) 1097-0231
    ISSN 0951-4198
    DOI 10.1002/rcm.9689
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    Zs.A 3461: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Resolution of Overactive Bladder Symptoms After Anterior and Apical Prolapse Repair.

    Abrams, Megan / Sears, Sarah / Wherley, Susan / Rhodes, Stephen / Mangel, Jeffrey / Sheyn, David

    Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)

    2024  

    Abstract: Importance: Patients often present with both overactive bladder (OAB) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) concerns. It is unknown whether treatment of POP improves OAB.: Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether OAB improves after anterior/apical ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Patients often present with both overactive bladder (OAB) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) concerns. It is unknown whether treatment of POP improves OAB.
    Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether OAB improves after anterior/apical POP repair for anterior wall prolapse.
    Study design: This was a prospective study of women with anterior/apical prolapse at or beyond the hymen and concomitant OAB symptoms, undergoing apical repair. Overactive bladder severity was evaluated with the Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) questionnaire and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 preoperatively and 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively. The primary outcome was a reduction of ≥11 points or greater on the UDI-6 at 6 months. Those who reported an ≥11-point reduction were termed responders. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with reduction in OAB symptoms after POP surgery.
    Results: A total of 117 patients met the criteria for analysis, with 79.5% reporting improved OAB symptoms after POP repair at 6 months. There were no preoperative differences between groups. The mean preoperative UDI-6 and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 scores were higher in the responder group (51.1 ± 16.8 vs 26.4 ± 15.1 [P < 0.001] and 44.6 ± 23.8 vs 22.8 ± 21.4 [P = 0.001], respectively), and the presence of detrusor overactivity was lower (29.0% vs 54.2%, P = 0.02). After regression, a higher preoperative UDI-6 total was associated with an increased likelihood of symptom improvement at 6 months (adjusted odds ratio, 1.14 per point [1.08-1.19]), whereas detrusor overactivity on preoperative urodynamics was associated with a decreased likelihood of OAB symptom improvement (adjusted odds ratio, 0.10 [0.02-0.44]).
    Conclusion: Overactive bladder symptoms improve in the majority of patients undergoing apical repair for anterior/apical prolapse beyond the hymen.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2771-1897
    ISSN (online) 2771-1897
    DOI 10.1097/SPV.0000000000001502
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  5. Article ; Online: When an irresistible prejudice meets immovable politics: Black legal gun ownership undermines racially resentful White Americans' gun rights advocacy.

    Higginbotham, Gerald D / Sears, David O / Goldstein, Lauren

    Journal of experimental psychology. General

    2022  Volume 152, Issue 2, Page(s) 410–424

    Abstract: Historical evidence suggests that White Americans' support for gun rights (i.e., opposition to gun control) is challenged by Black Americans exercising their legal rights to guns (e.g., The Black Panther Party and the Mulford Act of 1967). Here, we ... ...

    Abstract Historical evidence suggests that White Americans' support for gun rights (i.e., opposition to gun control) is challenged by Black Americans exercising their legal rights to guns (e.g., The Black Panther Party and the Mulford Act of 1967). Here, we examined two empirical questions. First, we tested whether White Americans implicitly racialize gun rights as "White." In a preregistered study employing a novel IAT, racially resentful White Americans indirectly associated gun rights with White (and not Black) people. Moreover, this association was not primarily based in partisanship. Racial resentment overwhelmed the effect of party identification in explaining this association (Study 1). Given racial resentment typically predicts stronger support for gun rights (Filindra & Kaplan, 2015; O'Brien et al., 2013), we next examined whether Black legal gun ownership undermines gun rights support among racially resentful White Americans across two studies (total
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Firearms ; Ownership ; White ; Prejudice ; Politics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 189732-9
    ISSN 1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
    ISSN (online) 1939-2222
    ISSN 0096-3445
    DOI 10.1037/xge0001275
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    Zs.A 2255: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Effect of carbon substrate and aeration on nitrate reduction and expression of the periplasmic and membrane-bound nitrate reductases in carbon-limited continuous cultures of

    Sears, Heather J / Spiro, Stephen / Richardson, David J

    Microbiology (Reading, England)

    2021  Volume 143, Issue 12, Page(s) 3767–3774

    Abstract: The expression ... ...

    Abstract The expression and
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1180712-x
    ISSN 1465-2080 ; 1350-0872
    ISSN (online) 1465-2080
    ISSN 1350-0872
    DOI 10.1099/00221287-143-12-3767
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    Ud II Zs.140: Show issues Location:
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  7. Book ; Online: String-based methods for tonal harmony

    Sears, David R. W.

    A corpus study of Haydn's string quartets

    2020  

    Abstract: ... quartets. ... Comment: This is an original manuscript / preprint of a book chapter: Sears, David R. W ...

    Abstract This chapter considers how string-based methods might be adapted to address music-analytic questions related to the discovery of musical organization, with particular attention devoted to the analysis of tonal harmony. I begin by applying the taxonomy of mental organization proposed by Mandler (1979) to the concept of musical organization. Using this taxonomy as a guide, I then present evidence for three principles of tonal harmony -- recurrence, syntax, and recursion -- using a corpus of Haydn string quartets.

    Comment: This is an original manuscript / preprint of a book chapter: Sears, David R. W (in press). String-based methods for tonal harmony: A corpus study of Haydn's string quartets." In D. Shanahan, A. Burgoyne, & I. Quinn (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Music and Corpus Studies. New York: Oxford University Press. The manuscript contains 2 musical examples, 3 figures, and 4 tables
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Information Retrieval
    Subject code 780
    Publishing date 2020-06-27
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: The Facilitator Model: Investigating a Novel Dual Credit Experience for Open-Ended Design Coursework.

    Thorne, Scott / Strimel, Greg J / Mentzer, Nathan / Sears, David

    Journal for STEM education research

    2022  , Page(s) 1–30

    Abstract: This study explored the implementation of a novel approach to dual credit referred to as the facilitator model that can be suited for STEM-focused coursework such as courses focused on engineering, design, technology, and innovation. Unlike other models, ...

    Abstract This study explored the implementation of a novel approach to dual credit referred to as the facilitator model that can be suited for STEM-focused coursework such as courses focused on engineering, design, technology, and innovation. Unlike other models, high school teachers facilitate the implementation of a college course for both high school and college credit in
    Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41979-022-00075-5.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2520-8713
    ISSN (online) 2520-8713
    DOI 10.1007/s41979-022-00075-5
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  9. Article ; Online: The hierarchical radiation of phyllostomid bats as revealed by adaptive molar morphology.

    Grossnickle, David M / Sadier, Alexa / Patterson, Edward / Cortés-Viruet, Nashaly N / Jiménez-Rivera, Stephanie M / Sears, Karen E / Santana, Sharlene E

    Current biology : CB

    2024  Volume 34, Issue 6, Page(s) 1284–1294.e3

    Abstract: Adaptive radiations are bursts in biodiversity that generate new evolutionary lineages and phenotypes. However, because they typically occur over millions of years, it is unclear how their macroevolutionary dynamics vary through time and among groups of ... ...

    Abstract Adaptive radiations are bursts in biodiversity that generate new evolutionary lineages and phenotypes. However, because they typically occur over millions of years, it is unclear how their macroevolutionary dynamics vary through time and among groups of organisms. Phyllostomid bats radiated extensively for diverse diets-from insects to vertebrates, fruit, nectar, and blood-and we use their molars as a model system to examine the dynamics of adaptive radiations. Three-dimensional shape analyses of lower molars of Noctilionoidea (Phyllostomidae and close relatives) indicate that different diet groups exhibit distinct morphotypes. Comparative analyses further reveal that phyllostomids are a striking example of a hierarchical radiation; phyllostomids' initial, higher-level diversification involved an "early burst" in molar morphological disparity as lineages invaded new diet-affiliated adaptive zones, followed by subsequent lower-level diversifications within adaptive zones involving less dramatic morphological changes. We posit that strong selective pressures related to initial shifts to derived diets may have freed molars from morpho-functional constraints associated with the ancestral molar morphotype. Then, lineages with derived diets (frugivores and nectarivores) diversified within broad adaptive zones, likely reflecting finer-scale niche partitioning. Importantly, the observed early burst pattern is only evident when examining molar traits that are strongly linked to diet, highlighting the value of ecomorphological traits in comparative studies. Our results support the hypothesis that adaptive radiations are commonly hierarchical and involve different tempos and modes at different phylogenetic levels, with early bursts being more common at higher levels.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Phylogeny ; Chiroptera/genetics ; Biological Evolution ; Biodiversity ; Phenotype
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.027
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    Zs.A 3208: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Indirect vaccine effectiveness in an outbreak of Alpha B.1.1.7 variant in a California state Prison, May 2021.

    Archer, Helena / McCoy, Sandra I / Sears, David / Kwan, Ada / Kuersten, Martin / Lewnard, Joe A / Bertozzi, Stefano M

    Vaccine

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 12, Page(s) 3057–3065

    Abstract: Incarcerated populations experienced high rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and death during early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. To evaluate vaccine effectiveness in the carceral context, we investigated the first outbreak of COVID-19 in a California ... ...

    Abstract Incarcerated populations experienced high rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and death during early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. To evaluate vaccine effectiveness in the carceral context, we investigated the first outbreak of COVID-19 in a California state prison following widespread rollout of vaccines to residents in early 2021. We identified a cohort of 733 state prison residents presumed to be exposed between May 14 and June 22, 2021. 46.9 % (n = 344) were vaccinated, primarily with two doses of mRNA-1273 (n = 332, 93.6 %). In total, 92 PCR-positive cases were identified, of which 14 (14.5 %) occurred among mRNA-1273 vaccinated residents. No cases required hospitalization. All nine isolates collected belonged to the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant. We used Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate vaccine effectiveness for at least one dose of any vaccine at the start of the outbreak. Vaccine effectiveness was 86 % (95 % CI: 75 %-97 %) against PCR-confirmed infection, with similar results for symptomatic infection. Higher rates of building-level vaccine uptake were associated with a lower overall rate of PCR-confirmed infection and symptomatic infection among unvaccinated residents. Among unvaccinated residents who lived in shared cells at the time of presumed exposure, exposure to a vaccinated cellmate was associated with a 38% (95% CI: 0.37, 1.04) lower hazard rate of PCR-confirmed infection over the study period. In this outbreak involving the Alpha SARS-CoV-2 variant, vaccination conferred direct and possibly indirect protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19. Our results support the importance of vaccine uptake in mitigating outbreaks and severe disease in the prison setting and the consideration of community vaccination levels in policy and infection response.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Prisons ; 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 ; Pandemics ; Vaccine Efficacy ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; California/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 (EPK39PL4R4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.062
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