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  1. Article: Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa.

    Taylor, Chantal L / Barker, Nigel P / Barber-James, Helen M / Villet, Martin H / Pereira-da-Conceicoa, Lyndall L

    ZooKeys

    2020  Volume 936, Page(s) 1–24

    Abstract: This study investigates genetic diversity in three species of Ephemeroptera, one eurytopic and therefore widespread ( ...

    Abstract This study investigates genetic diversity in three species of Ephemeroptera, one eurytopic and therefore widespread (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-28
    Publishing country Bulgaria
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2445640-8
    ISSN 1313-2970 ; 1313-2989
    ISSN (online) 1313-2970
    ISSN 1313-2989
    DOI 10.3897/zookeys.936.38587
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Does polyploidy facilitate long-distance dispersal?

    Linder, H Peter / Barker, Nigel P

    Annals of botany

    2014  Volume 113, Issue 7, Page(s) 1175–1183

    Abstract: Background and aims: The ability of plant lineages to reach all continents contributes substantially to their evolutionary success. This is exemplified by the Poaceae, one of the most successful angiosperm families, in which most higher taxa (tribes, ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: The ability of plant lineages to reach all continents contributes substantially to their evolutionary success. This is exemplified by the Poaceae, one of the most successful angiosperm families, in which most higher taxa (tribes, subfamilies) have global distributions. Due to the old age of the ocean basins relative to the major angiosperm radiations, this is only possible by means of long-distance dispersal (LDD), yet the attributes of lineages with successful LDD remain obscure. Polyploid species are over-represented in invasive floras and in the previously glaciated Arctic regions, and often have wider ecological tolerances than diploids; thus polyploidy is a candidate attribute of successful LDD.
    Methods: The link between polyploidy and LDD was explored in the globally distributed grass subfamily Danthonioideae. An almost completely sampled and well-resolved species-level phylogeny of the danthonioids was used, and the available cytological information was assembled. The cytological evolution in the clade was inferred using maximum likelihood (ML) as implemented in ChromEvol. The biogeographical evolution in the clade was reconstructed using ML and Bayesian approaches.
    Key results: Numerous increases in ploidy level are demonstrated. A Late Miocene-Pliocene cycle of polyploidy is associated with LDD, and in two cases (the Australian Rytidosperma and the American Danthonia) led to secondary polyploidy. While it is demonstrated that successful LDD is more likely in polyploid than in diploid lineages, a link between polyploidization events and LDD is not demonstrated.
    Conclusions: The results suggest that polyploids are more successful at LDD than diploids, and that the frequent polyploidy in the grasses might have facilitated the extensive dispersal among continents in the family, thus contributing to their evolutionary success.
    MeSH term(s) Bayes Theorem ; Biological Evolution ; Genome, Plant ; Likelihood Functions ; Phylogeny ; Plant Dispersal ; Poaceae/genetics ; Poaceae/physiology ; Polyploidy ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1461328-1
    ISSN 1095-8290 ; 0305-7364
    ISSN (online) 1095-8290
    ISSN 0305-7364
    DOI 10.1093/aob/mcu047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Ocular herpes simplex.

    Barker, Nigel H

    BMJ clinical evidence

    2008  Volume 2008

    Abstract: Introduction: Ocular infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) is usually acquired early in life, with 50% of people from higher and 80% from lower socioeconomic groups in the USA having antibodies by the age of 30 years. Attacks usually resolve ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Ocular infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) is usually acquired early in life, with 50% of people from higher and 80% from lower socioeconomic groups in the USA having antibodies by the age of 30 years. Attacks usually resolve spontaneously within 1-2 weeks, but 50% of people will experience a recurrence within 10 years.
    Methods and outcomes: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of treatments in people with epithelial keratitis? What are the effects of treatments in people with stomal keratitis? What are the effects of interventions to prevent recurrence of ocular herpes simplex? What are the effects of interventions to prevent recurrence of ocular herpes simplex in people with corneal grafts? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to July 2007 (BMJ Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
    Results: We found seven systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
    Conclusions: In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: adding oral aciclovir to topical corticosteroids plus topical antiviral treatment; adding topical corticosteroids to topical antiviral treatment; antiviral agents (topical); debridement; interferons (topical); and oral aciclovir.
    MeSH term(s) Acute Disease ; Acyclovir/administration & dosage ; Administration, Oral ; Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage ; Debridement ; Humans ; Interferons/therapeutic use ; Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy ; Recurrence
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-07-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2393858-4
    ISSN 1752-8526 ; 1757-0816 ; 1475-9225
    ISSN (online) 1752-8526
    ISSN 1757-0816 ; 1475-9225
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Ocular herpes simplex.

    Barker, Nigel H

    Clinical evidence

    2006  , Issue 15, Page(s) 917–923

    MeSH term(s) Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interferons/therapeutic use ; Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy ; Keratitis, Herpetic/prevention & control ; Secondary Prevention
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1495368-7
    ISSN 1462-3846
    ISSN 1462-3846
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Ocular herpes simplex.

    Barker, Nigel H

    Clinical evidence

    2005  , Issue 14, Page(s) 785–791

    MeSH term(s) Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Debridement ; Humans ; Interferons/therapeutic use ; Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy ; Keratitis, Herpetic/prevention & control ; Prednisolone/therapeutic use ; Secondary Prevention
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Prednisolone (9PHQ9Y1OLM) ; Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1495368-7
    ISSN 1462-3846
    ISSN 1462-3846
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Ocular herpes simplex.

    Barker, Nigel H

    Clinical evidence

    2004  , Issue 11, Page(s) 871–879

    MeSH term(s) Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Debridement ; Humans ; Interferons/therapeutic use ; Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy ; Keratitis, Herpetic/prevention & control ; Prednisolone/therapeutic use ; Secondary Prevention
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Prednisolone (9PHQ9Y1OLM) ; Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1495368-7
    ISSN 1462-3846
    ISSN 1462-3846
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa

    Chantal L. Taylor / Nigel P. Barker / Helen M. Barber-James / Martin H. Villet / Lyndall L. Pereira-da-Conceicoa

    ZooKeys, Vol 936, Iss , Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 24

    Abstract: This study investigates genetic diversity in three species of Ephemeroptera, one eurytopic and therefore widespread (Afroptilum sudafricanum) and two stenotopic and thus endemic (Demoreptus natalensis and Demoreptus capensis) species, all of which co- ... ...

    Abstract This study investigates genetic diversity in three species of Ephemeroptera, one eurytopic and therefore widespread (Afroptilum sudafricanum) and two stenotopic and thus endemic (Demoreptus natalensis and Demoreptus capensis) species, all of which co-occur in the southern Great Escarpment, South Africa. Mitochondrial DNA was analysed to compare the genetic diversity between the habitat generalist and the two habitat specialists. Afroptilum sudafricanum showed no indication of population genetic structure due to geographic location, while both Demoreptus species revealed clear genetic differentiation between geographic localities and catchments, evident from phylogenetic analyses and high FST values from AMOVA. In addition, the phylogenetic analyses indicate some deeper haplotype divergences within A. sudafricanum and Demoreptus that merit taxonomic attention. These results give important insight into evolutionary processes occurring through habitat specialisation and population isolation. Further research and sampling across a wider geographic setting that includes both major mountain blocks of the Escarpment and lowland non-Escarpment sites will allow for refined understanding of biodiversity and associated habitat preferences, and illuminate comparative inferences into gene flow and cryptic speciation.
    Keywords Zoology ; QL1-991
    Subject code 590 ; 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Pensoft Publishers
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa

    Taylor, Chantal L / Barker, Nigel P / Barber-James, Helen M / Villet, Martin H / Pereira-da-Conceicoa, Lyndall L

    ZooKeys. 2020 May 28, v. 936

    2020  

    Abstract: This study investigates genetic diversity in three species of Ephemeroptera, one eurytopic and therefore widespread (Afroptilumsudafricanum) and two stenotopic and thus endemic (Demoreptusnatalensis and Demoreptuscapensis) species, all of which co-occur ... ...

    Abstract This study investigates genetic diversity in three species of Ephemeroptera, one eurytopic and therefore widespread (Afroptilumsudafricanum) and two stenotopic and thus endemic (Demoreptusnatalensis and Demoreptuscapensis) species, all of which co-occur in the southern Great Escarpment, South Africa. Mitochondrial DNA was analysed to compare the genetic diversity between the habitat generalist and the two habitat specialists. Afroptilumsudafricanum showed no indication of population genetic structure due to geographic location, while both Demoreptus species revealed clear genetic differentiation between geographic localities and catchments, evident from phylogenetic analyses and high FST values from AMOVA. In addition, the phylogenetic analyses indicate some deeper haplotype divergences within A.sudafricanum and Demoreptus that merit taxonomic attention. These results give important insight into evolutionary processes occurring through habitat specialisation and population isolation. Further research and sampling across a wider geographic setting that includes both major mountain blocks of the Escarpment and lowland non-Escarpment sites will allow for refined understanding of biodiversity and associated habitat preferences, and illuminate comparative inferences into gene flow and cryptic speciation.
    Keywords Baetidae ; biodiversity ; cryptic speciation ; eurytopic species ; gene flow ; genetic structure ; genetic variation ; habitat preferences ; habitats ; haplotypes ; mitochondrial DNA ; phylogeny ; population structure ; stenotopic species ; watersheds ; South Africa
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0528
    Size p. 1-24.
    Publishing place Pensoft Publishers
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2445640-8
    ISSN 1313-2970 ; 1313-2989
    ISSN (online) 1313-2970
    ISSN 1313-2989
    DOI 10.3897/zookeys.936.38587
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Out of Africa? A dated molecular phylogeny of the cicada tribe Platypleurini Schmidt (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), with a focus on African genera and the genus Platypleura Amyot & Audinet‐Serville

    Price, Benjamin W / Marshall, David C / Barker, Nigel P / Simon, Chris / Villet, Martin H

    Systematic entomology. 2019 Oct., v. 44, no. 4

    2019  

    Abstract: The Platypleurini is a large group of charismatic cicadas distributed from Cape Agulhas in South Africa, through tropical Africa, Madagascar, India and eastern Asia to Japan, with generic diversity concentrated in equatorial and southern Africa. This ... ...

    Abstract The Platypleurini is a large group of charismatic cicadas distributed from Cape Agulhas in South Africa, through tropical Africa, Madagascar, India and eastern Asia to Japan, with generic diversity concentrated in equatorial and southern Africa. This distribution suggests the possibility of a Gondwanan origin and dispersal to eastern Asia from Africa or India. We used a four‐gene (three mitochondrial) molecular dataset, fossil calibrations and molecular clock information to explore the phylogenetic relationships of the platypleurine cicadas and the timing and geography of their diversification. The earliest splits in the tribe were found to separate forest genera in Madagascar and equatorial Africa from the main radiation, and all of the Asian/Indian species sampled formed a younger clade nested well within the African taxa. The tribe appears to have diversified during the Cenozoic, beginning c. 50–32 Ma, with most extant African lineages originating in the Miocene or later, well after the breakup of the Gondwanan landmass. Biogeographical analysis suggests an African origin for the tribe and a single dispersal event founding the Asian platypleurines, although additional taxon sampling and genetic data will be needed to confirm this pattern because key nodes in the tree are still weakly supported. Two Platypleurini genera from Madagascar (Pycna Amyot & Audinet‐Serville, Yanga Distant) are found to have originated by late Miocene dispersal of a single lineage from Africa. The genus Platypleura is recovered as polyphyletic, with Platypleura signifera Walker from South Africa and many Asian/Indian species apparently requiring assignment to different genera, and a new Platypleura concept is proposed with the synonymization of Azanicada Villet syn.n. The genera Orapa Distant and Hamza Distant, currently listed within separate tribes but suspected of platypleurine affinity, are nested deeply within the Platypleurini radiation. The tribe Orapini syn.n. is here synonymized while the tribe Hamzini is pending a decision of the ICZN to preserve nomenclatorial stability.
    Keywords Cicadidae ; Miocene epoch ; data collection ; forests ; fossils ; geographical distribution ; mitochondria ; polyphyly ; India ; Japan ; Madagascar ; South Africa
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-10
    Size p. 842-861.
    Publishing place Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 223608-4
    ISSN 0307-6970
    ISSN 0307-6970
    DOI 10.1111/syen.12360
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Ocular herpes simplex.

    Barker, Nigel H

    Clinical evidence

    2003  , Issue 9, Page(s) 737–744

    MeSH term(s) Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Administration, Oral ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Corneal Transplantation ; Debridement ; Humans ; Interferons/therapeutic use ; Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy ; Keratitis, Herpetic/prevention & control ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Prednisolone/therapeutic use ; Secondary Prevention
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Prednisolone (9PHQ9Y1OLM) ; Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1495368-7
    ISSN 1462-3846
    ISSN 1462-3846
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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