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Article ; Online: The changing glaucoma treatment paradigm.

Kerr, Nathan M

2022 Volume 50, Issue 2, Page(s) 126–127

MeSH term(s)	Glaucoma/diagnosis ; Glaucoma/therapy ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-16
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2014008-3
ISSN	1442-9071 ; 1442-6404
ISSN (online)	1442-9071
ISSN	1442-6404
DOI	10.1111/ceo.14052
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Article ; Online: Differences in bleb morphology between trabeculectomy and deep sclerectomy.

Kerr, Nathan M

Clinical & experimental ophthalmology

2017 Volume 45, Issue 7, Page(s) 675–676

Language	English
Publishing date	2017
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2014008-3
ISSN	1442-9071 ; 1442-6404
ISSN (online)	1442-9071
ISSN	1442-6404
DOI	10.1111/ceo.13037
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Article ; Online: Evolutionary "Crowdsourcing": Alignment of Fitness Landscapes Allows for Cross-species Adaptation of a Horizontally Transferred Gene.

Kosterlitz, Olivia / Grassi, Nathan / Werner, Bailey / McGee, Ryan Seamus / Top, Eva M / Kerr, Benjamin

Molecular biology and evolution

2023 Volume 40, Issue 11

Abstract: Genes that undergo horizontal gene transfer (HGT) evolve in different genomic backgrounds. Despite the ubiquity of cross-species HGT, the effects of switching hosts on gene evolution remains understudied. Here, we present a framework to examine the ... ...

Abstract	Genes that undergo horizontal gene transfer (HGT) evolve in different genomic backgrounds. Despite the ubiquity of cross-species HGT, the effects of switching hosts on gene evolution remains understudied. Here, we present a framework to examine the evolutionary consequences of host-switching and apply this framework to an antibiotic resistance gene commonly found on conjugative plasmids. Specifically, we determined the adaptive landscape of this gene for a small set of mutationally connected genotypes in 3 enteric species. We uncovered that the landscape topographies were largely aligned with minimal host-dependent mutational effects. By simulating gene evolution over the experimentally gauged landscapes, we found that the adaptive evolution of the mobile gene in one species translated to adaptation in another. By simulating gene evolution over artificial landscapes, we found that sufficient alignment between landscapes ensures such "adaptive equivalency" across species. Thus, given adequate landscape alignment within a bacterial community, vehicles of HGT such as plasmids may enable a distributed form of genetic evolution across community members, where species can "crowdsource" adaptation.
MeSH term(s)	Genotype ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genomics
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	998579-7
ISSN	1537-1719 ; 0737-4038
ISSN (online)	1537-1719
ISSN	0737-4038
DOI	10.1093/molbev/msad237
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Zs.A 2137: Show issues

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Article: Naive primary neutrophils play a dual role in the tumor microenvironment.

Babatunde, Kehinde Adebayo / Datta, Rupsa / Hendrikse, Nathan W / Ayuso, Jose M / Huttenlocher, Anna / Skala, Melissa C / Beebe, David J / Kerr, Sheena C

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by a network of cancer cells, recruited immune cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) in a hypoxic microenvironment. However, the specific role of neutrophils during tumor development, and their ... ...

Abstract	The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by a network of cancer cells, recruited immune cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) in a hypoxic microenvironment. However, the specific role of neutrophils during tumor development, and their interactions with other immune cells is still not well understood. Thus, there is a need to investigate the interaction between primary neutrophils and natural killer cells and the resulting effects on tumor development. Here we use both standard well plate culture and an under oil microfluidic (UOM) assay with an integrated extracellular cell matrix (ECM) bridge to elucidate how naive primary neutrophils respond to both patient derived tumor cells and tumor cell lines. Our data demonstrated that both patient derived head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumor cells and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells trigger cluster formation in neutrophils, and the swarm of neutrophils restricts tumor invasion through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil extracellular trap (NETs) release within the neutrophil cluster. However, we also observed that the presence of neutrophils downregulates granzyme B in NK-92 cells and the resulting NETs can obstruct NK cells from penetrating the tumor mass
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.09.15.557892
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Article ; Online: Medical characterization of cognitive SuperAgers: Investigating the medication profile of SuperAgers.

Engelmeyer, Janessa R / Kerr, Alice / Makowski-Woidan, Beth A / Gill, Nathan P / Mesulam, M-Marsel / Weintraub, Sandra / Zhang, Hui / Lindquist, Lee / Rogalski, Emily J

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

2023 Volume 71, Issue 11, Page(s) 3638–3641

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aging ; Cognition
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80363-7
ISSN	1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
ISSN (online)	1532-5415
ISSN	0002-8614
DOI	10.1111/jgs.18496
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Article ; Online: Primary Needling of the Ab Interno Gelatin Microstent Reduces Postoperative Needling and Follow-up Requirements.

Kerr, Nathan M / Lim, Samantha / Simos, Maria / Ward, Trevor

Ophthalmology. Glaucoma

2021 Volume 4, Issue 6, Page(s) 581–588

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the effect of primary needling at the time of ab interno gelatin microstent insertion on postoperative needling rates.: Design: Retrospective, interventional cohort study.: Participants: Eighty-six eyes of 74 patients with no ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the effect of primary needling at the time of ab interno gelatin microstent insertion on postoperative needling rates. Design: Retrospective, interventional cohort study. Participants: Eighty-six eyes of 74 patients with no prior incisional surgery. Methods: Consecutive eyes with open-angle glaucoma refractory to medical treatment that underwent ab interno gelatin microstent insertion (XEN; Allergan Inc.) with or without primary needling. Main outcome measures: Primary outcome measure was the proportion of eyes requiring postoperative needling. Secondary outcome measures included the mean reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP), topical glaucoma medication use, complications, reoperations, and number of follow-up clinic visits over 12 months. Results: Fifty-one eyes (42 patients, median age 74 years) underwent XEN surgery with primary needling at the time of surgery, and 35 eyes (32 patients, median age 73 years) underwent XEN surgery without routine primary needling. Eyes that received routine primary needling had an 84.8% lower rate of postoperative needling (3.9% vs. 25.7%, P = 0.003) and required fewer postoperative clinic visits (P = 0.043). Median IOP was 18.0 mmHg (interquartile range [IQR], 13.0-23.0) on 3.0 (IQR, 2.0-3.0) classes of topical medications at baseline. At 12 months, the median IOP was 11.0 mmHg (IQR, 9.0-14.0) in the primary needling group and 11 mmHg (IQR, 10.0-14.0) when primary needling was not routinely performed. Both groups demonstrated a high safety profile. In total, 5 eyes required further glaucoma surgery with insertion of a glaucoma drainage device. Conclusions: Primary needling at the time of XEN gel stent insertion is associated with a significant reduction in the need for postoperative needling and postoperative clinic visits. This modification provides a predictable postoperative course with a significant and sustained reduction in both IOP and glaucoma medication requirements with less intense postoperative management.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gelatin/therapeutic use ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Gelatin (9000-70-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2589-4196
ISSN (online)	2589-4196
DOI	10.1016/j.ogla.2021.02.004
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Article ; Online: Genetic predisposition to Alzheimer's disease alters inflammasome activity after traumatic brain injury.

Johnson, Nathan H / Kerr, Nadine A / de Rivero Vaccari, Juan P / Bramlett, Helen M / Keane, Robert W / Dietrich, W Dalton

Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine

2023 Volume 257, Page(s) 66–77

Abstract: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in the US and a recognized risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The relationship between these conditions is not completely understood, but the conditions may ... ...

Abstract	Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in the US and a recognized risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The relationship between these conditions is not completely understood, but the conditions may share additive or synergistic pathological hallmarks that may serve as novel therapeutic targets. Heightened inflammasome signaling plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of central nervous system injury (CNS) and the release of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) speck from neurons and activated microglia contribute significantly to TBI and AD pathology. This study investigated whether inflammasome signaling after TBI was augmented in AD and whether this signaling pathway impacted biochemical and neuropathological outcomes and overall cognitive function. Five-month-old, 3xTg mice and respective wild type controls were randomized and underwent moderate controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury or served as sham/uninjured controls. Animals were sacrificed at 1 hour, 1 day, or 1 week after TBI to assess acute pathology or at 12 weeks after assessing cognitive function. The ipsilateral cerebral cortex was processed for inflammasome protein expression by immunoblotting. Mice were evaluated for behavior by open field (3 days), novel object recognition (2 weeks), and Morris water maze (6 weeks) testing after TBI. There was a statistically significant increase in the expression of inflammasome signaling proteins Caspase-1, Caspase-8, ASC, and interleukin (IL)-1β after TBI in both wild type and 3xTg animals. At 1-day post injury, significant increases in ASC and IL-1β protein expression were measured in AD TBI mice compared to WT TBI. Behavioral testing showed that injured AD mice had altered cognitive function when compared to injured WT mice. Elevated Aβ was seen in the ipsilateral cortex and hippocampus of sham and injured AD when compared to respective groups at 12 weeks post injury. Moreover, treatment of injured AD mice with IC100, an anti-ASC monoclonal antibody, inhibited the inflammasome, as evidenced by IL-1β reduction in the injured cortex at 1-week post injury. These findings show that the inflammasome response is heightened in mice genetically predisposed to AD and suggests that AD may exacerbate TBI pathology. Thus, dampening inflammasome signaling may offer a novel approach for the treatment of AD and TBI.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Inflammasomes/metabolism ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/genetics ; Apoptosis
Chemical Substances	Inflammasomes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2246684-8
ISSN	1878-1810 ; 1532-6543 ; 1931-5244
ISSN (online)	1878-1810 ; 1532-6543
ISSN	1931-5244
DOI	10.1016/j.trsl.2023.02.001
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Article ; Online: Health economic evaluation in ophthalmology.

Atik, Alp / Barton, Keith / Azuara-Blanco, Augusto / Kerr, Nathan M

The British journal of ophthalmology

2020 Volume 105, Issue 5, Page(s) 602–607

Abstract: Health economic evaluation is the application of economic theories, tools and concepts to healthcare. In the setting of limited resources, increasing demand and a growing array of intervention options, economic evaluation provides a framework for ... ...

Abstract	Health economic evaluation is the application of economic theories, tools and concepts to healthcare. In the setting of limited resources, increasing demand and a growing array of intervention options, economic evaluation provides a framework for measuring, valuing and comparing the costs and benefits of different healthcare interventions. This review provides an overview of the concepts and methods of economic evaluation, illustrated with examples in ophthalmology. Types of economic evaluation include cost-minimisation, cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness, cost-utility and economic modelling. Topics including utility measures, the quality-adjusted lifeyear, discounting, perspective and timeframe are discussed. Health economic evaluation is important to understand the costs and value of interventions in ophthalmology and to inform health policy as well as guide clinical decision-making.
MeSH term(s)	Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Models, Economic ; Ophthalmology/economics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80078-8
ISSN	1468-2079 ; 0007-1161
ISSN (online)	1468-2079
ISSN	0007-1161
DOI	10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316880
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Article ; Online: Occupational therapy for military personnel and military veterans experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder: A scoping review.

Kerr, Nathan C / Ashby, Samantha / Gerardi, Steven M / Lane, Shelly J

Australian occupational therapy journal

2020 Volume 67, Issue 5, Page(s) 479–497

Abstract: Introduction: As the rate of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among military personnel and military veterans continues to rise, occupational therapists are increasingly concerned with the impact of this disorder on health, occupational performance, ...

Abstract	Introduction: As the rate of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among military personnel and military veterans continues to rise, occupational therapists are increasingly concerned with the impact of this disorder on health, occupational performance, and quality of life. However, the literature on occupational therapy for military personnel and military veterans with PTSD has not been summarised. Method: The objective was to identify what is known from the published, peer-reviewed literature, about the services provided by occupational therapists to military personnel and military veterans experiencing PTSD. Arksey and O'Malley's five steps for scoping reviews were utilised. A search of three databases identified 27 articles. Results: Of the 27 papers reviewed, 13 papers discussed military personnel, 13 for military veterans, and 1 reported on both populations. Of these 27, 9 research papers provided data to support the efficacy of interventions, whereas 2 papers reported occupational performance issues. Eight opinion and eight service description papers were included. The most commonly mentioned interventions across the reviewed papers were stress and anger, or coping skills (n = 11), returning to duty (n = 9), physical training (n = 7), and sleep hygiene (n = 6). Conclusion: Occupational therapists provide services to military personnel who are vulnerable to PTSD from combat and operational stress. Rarely did publications address intervention efficacy for military personnel. Additionally, there is a paucity of literature that addresses occupational therapy interventions following transition from military service for veterans with PTSD specific to facilitating reintegration to civilian life. Despite this, occupational therapists are well suited to enable military veterans to build upon their existing strengths, skills, and professional identities to minimise the impact of PTSD on daily life and to reach their full potential.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Psychological ; Humans ; Military Personnel ; Occupational Therapy/organization & administration ; Quality of Life ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/rehabilitation ; Veterans
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-05
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	604554-6
ISSN	1440-1630 ; 0045-0766
ISSN (online)	1440-1630
ISSN	0045-0766
DOI	10.1111/1440-1630.12684
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Article: Visual Outcomes, Spectacle Independence, and Patient-Reported Satisfaction of the Vivity Extended Range of Vision Intraocular Lens in Patients with Early Glaucoma: An Observational Comparative Study.

Kerr, Nathan Mitchell / Moshegov, Sophia / Lim, Samantha / Simos, Maria

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)

2023 Volume 17, Page(s) 1515–1523

Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare visual outcomes, spectacle independence, and patient satisfaction on bilaterally implanted Vivity extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) or monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) after cataract surgery in patients ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare visual outcomes, spectacle independence, and patient satisfaction on bilaterally implanted Vivity extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) or monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) after cataract surgery in patients with early glaucoma. Patients and methods: In this retrospective, non-randomized, interventional cohort study, patients with early glaucoma undergoing cataract surgery received bilateral implantation of either EDOF (AcrySof IQ Vivity; Alcon) or monofocal (Clareon/SN6ATx/SN60WF; Alcon) IOLs. The primary outcome was monocular uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA). The secondary outcomes were monocular uncorrected distance (UDVA) and near (UNVA) visual acuity, spectacle independence, patient satisfaction, and photic phenomena. Fifty-eight eyes from 29 patients, including 32 eyes in the EDOF group and 26 eyes in the monofocal group, were included in the study. Results: UIVA (0.06 ± 0.16 versus 0.39 ± 0.10 LogMAR; P < 0.001) and UNVA outcomes (0.29 ± 0.10 versus 0.55 ± 0.18 LogMAR; P < 0.001) were significantly better in the EDOF group than in the monofocal group, respectively. There was no difference in UDVA and corrected distance visual acuity outcomes between the groups (P > 0.05), but both spectacle independence and patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the EDOF group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). There was no difference in self-reported photic phenomena. Conclusion: Bilaterally implanted EDOF IOLs provided excellent distance vision and better intermediate and near vision than monofocal IOLs in patients with early glaucoma. Spectacle independence and patient satisfaction were significantly higher in patients who received EDOF IOLs. Photic phenomena were rare and seldom bothersome.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-30
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1177-5467
ISSN	1177-5467
DOI	10.2147/OPTH.S411561
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