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  1. Article ; Online: The "Glymphatic" Window on Neurodegeneration in Synucleinopathies.

    Filippi, Massimo / Balestrino, Roberta

    Radiology

    2023  Volume 307, Issue 5, Page(s) e230817

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Synucleinopathies ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ; Brain ; Glymphatic System ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80324-8
    ISSN 1527-1315 ; 0033-8419
    ISSN (online) 1527-1315
    ISSN 0033-8419
    DOI 10.1148/radiol.230817
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  2. Article: Editorial: Biomarkers of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease and parkinsonisms.

    Filippi, Massimo / Balestrino, Roberta / Agosta, Federica

    Frontiers in neurology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1257064

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2564214-5
    ISSN 1664-2295
    ISSN 1664-2295
    DOI 10.3389/fneur.2023.1257064
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  3. Article ; Online: Neuroimaging in Glucocerebrosidase-Associated Parkinsonism: A Systematic Review.

    Filippi, Massimo / Balestrino, Roberta / Basaia, Silvia / Agosta, Federica

    Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society

    2022  Volume 37, Issue 7, Page(s) 1375–1393

    Abstract: Background: Mutations in the GBA gene cause Gaucher's disease (GD) and constitute the most frequent genetic risk factor for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). Nonmanifesting carriers of GBA mutations/variants (GBA-NMC) constitute a potential PD ... ...

    Abstract Background: Mutations in the GBA gene cause Gaucher's disease (GD) and constitute the most frequent genetic risk factor for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). Nonmanifesting carriers of GBA mutations/variants (GBA-NMC) constitute a potential PD preclinical population, whereas PD patients carrying some GBA mutations/variants (GBA-PD) have a higher risk of a more aggressive disease course. Different neuroimaging techniques are emerging as potential biomarkers in PD and have been used to study GBA-associated parkinsonism.
    Objective: The aim is to critically review studies applying neuroimaging to GBA-associated parkinsonism.
    Methods: Literature search was performed using PubMed and EMBASE databases (last search February 7, 2022). Studies reporting neuroimaging findings in GBA-PD, GD with and without parkinsonism, and GBA-NMC were included.
    Results: Thirty-five studies were included. In longitudinal studies, GBA-PD patients show a more aggressive disease than iPD at both structural magnetic resonance imaging and 123-fluoropropylcarbomethoxyiodophenylnortropane single-photon emission computed tomography. Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography and brain perfusion studies reported a greater cortical involvement in GBA-PD compared to iPD. Overall, contrasting evidence is available regarding GBA-NMC for imaging and clinical findings, although subtle differences have been reported compared with healthy controls with no mutations.
    Conclusions: Although results must be interpreted with caution due to limitations of the studies, in line with previous clinical observations, GBA-PD showed a more aggressive disease progression in neuroimaging longitudinal studies compared to iPD. Cognitive impairment, a "clinical signature" of GBA-PD, seems to find its neuroimaging correlate in the greater cortical burden displayed by these patients as compared to iPD. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
    MeSH term(s) Gaucher Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Gaucher Disease/genetics ; Glucosylceramidase/genetics ; Humans ; Neuroimaging ; Parkinson Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Parkinson Disease/genetics ; Parkinsonian Disorders/diagnostic imaging ; Parkinsonian Disorders/genetics
    Chemical Substances Glucosylceramidase (EC 3.2.1.45)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 607633-6
    ISSN 1531-8257 ; 0885-3185
    ISSN (online) 1531-8257
    ISSN 0885-3185
    DOI 10.1002/mds.29047
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    Zs.MO 238: Show issues

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  4. Article ; Online: Intranasal oxytocin as a treatment for obesity: safety and efficacy.

    Balestrino, Roberta / Losa, Marco / Albano, Luigi / Barzaghi, Lina R / Mortini, Pietro

    Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 295–306

    Abstract: Introduction: Known for its effect on labor and lactation and on emotional and social functions, oxytocin has recently emerged as a key modulator of feeding behavior and indeed suggested as a potential treatment for obesity. The potential positive ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Known for its effect on labor and lactation and on emotional and social functions, oxytocin has recently emerged as a key modulator of feeding behavior and indeed suggested as a potential treatment for obesity. The potential positive effect of oxytocin on both metabolic and psychological-behavioral complications of hypothalamic lesions makes it a promising tool in the management of these conditions.
    Areas covered: The aim of the present review article is to provide an overview of the mechanism of action and clinical experience of the use of oxytocin in different forms of obesity.
    Expert opinion: Current evidence suggests a potential role of oxytocin in the treatment of obesity with different causes. Several challenges remain: an improved understanding of the physiological regulation, mechanisms of action of oxytocin, and interplay with other endocrine axes is fundamental to clarify its role. Further clinical trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of oxytocin for the treatment of different forms of obesity. Understanding the mechanism(s) of action of oxytocin on body weight regulation might also improve our understanding of obesity and reveal possible new therapeutic targets - as well as promoting advances in other fields in which oxytocin might be used.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Oxytocin/adverse effects ; Obesity/drug therapy ; Hypothalamus
    Chemical Substances Oxytocin (50-56-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1744-8417
    ISSN (online) 1744-8417
    DOI 10.1080/17446651.2023.2216794
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  5. Article ; Online: Parkinson disease.

    Balestrino, R / Schapira, A H V

    European journal of neurology

    2019  Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 27–42

    Abstract: Parkinson disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. In Europe, prevalence and incidence rates for PD are estimated at approximately 108-257/100 000 and 11-19/100 000 per year, respectively. Risk factors include age, male gender ...

    Abstract Parkinson disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. In Europe, prevalence and incidence rates for PD are estimated at approximately 108-257/100 000 and 11-19/100 000 per year, respectively. Risk factors include age, male gender and some environmental factors. The aetiology of the disease in most patients is unknown, but different genetic causes have been identified. Although familial forms of PD account for only 5%-15% of cases, studies on these families provided interesting insight on the genetics and the pathogenesis of the disease allowing the identification of genes implicated in its pathogenesis and offering critical insights into the mechanisms of disease. The cardinal motor symptoms of PD are tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia/akinesia and postural instability, but the clinical picture includes other motor and non-motor symptoms. Its diagnosis is principally clinical, although specific investigations can help the differential diagnosis from other forms of parkinsonism. Pathologically, PD is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and by accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein, which is found in intra-cytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies. Currently available treatments offer good control of motor symptoms but do not modify the evolution of the disease. This article is intended to provide a comprehensive, general and practical review of PD for the general neurologist.
    MeSH term(s) Europe ; Humans ; Incidence ; Parkinson Disease/diagnosis ; Parkinson Disease/epidemiology ; Parkinson Disease/etiology ; Parkinson Disease/therapy ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Substantia Nigra/metabolism ; Substantia Nigra/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1280785-0
    ISSN 1468-1331 ; 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    ISSN (online) 1468-1331
    ISSN 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    DOI 10.1111/ene.14108
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    Zs.A 4738: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 592: Show issues

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  6. Article ; Online: Correction to: Unexpected (

    Balestrino, Roberta / Barone, Paolo / Filippi, Massimo / Erro, Roberto

    Journal of neurology

    2021  Volume 269, Issue 2, Page(s) 771

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-08
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 187050-6
    ISSN 1432-1459 ; 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
    ISSN (online) 1432-1459
    ISSN 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
    DOI 10.1007/s00415-021-10923-w
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  7. Article ; Online: Deep brain stimulation for atypical parkinsonism: A systematic review on efficacy and safety.

    Artusi, Carlo Alberto / Rinaldi, Domiziana / Balestrino, Roberta / Lopiano, Leonardo

    Parkinsonism & related disorders

    2022  Volume 96, Page(s) 109–118

    Abstract: Background: Atypical Parkinsonisms (APs) -including progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)- are neurodegenerative diseases lacking satisfying symptomatic therapies. Deep Brain Stimulation ...

    Abstract Background: Atypical Parkinsonisms (APs) -including progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)- are neurodegenerative diseases lacking satisfying symptomatic therapies. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an established neurosurgical option for advanced Parkinson disease (PD). Although DBS effectiveness in PD fed expectations for the treatment of APs, DBS is still not recommended for APs on the basis of expert consensus and lack of clinical trials.
    Objective: In this systematic review, we sought to analyze current evidence on the safety and efficacy of DBS in APs, discussing clinical indications, anatomical targets, and ethical issues.
    Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed for studies reporting the outcome of patients with APs treated with DBS.
    Results: We identified 25 eligible studies for a total of 66 patients with APs treated with DBS: 31 PSP, 22 MSA, 12 DLB, 1 unspecified parkinsonism with tongue tremor. Targeted nuclei were subthalamic nucleus (STN), globus pallidus pars-interna (GPi), pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), and nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM). Only 3/25 studies were randomized controlled trials, and most studies showed a high risk of bias.
    Conclusion: Taking into account study biases and confounding factors, current evidence does not support the use of DBS in APs. However, some interesting insights arise from the literature, such as the high frequency of cognitive/neurobehavioral issues in MSA patients treated with STN-DBS, the low frequency of complications in trials of nbM-DBS for DLB, and the possible good response of dystonic symptoms in PSP with GPi DBS.
    MeSH term(s) Basal Nucleus of Meynert ; Deep Brain Stimulation/adverse effects ; Globus Pallidus/physiology ; Humans ; Parkinson Disease/complications ; Subthalamic Nucleus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1311489-x
    ISSN 1873-5126 ; 1353-8020
    ISSN (online) 1873-5126
    ISSN 1353-8020
    DOI 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.03.002
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    Zs.A 4553: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 420: Show issues

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  8. Article ; Online: Effect of 2 sex-sorting time schedules on SIT facility management.

    Malfacini, Marco / Puggioli, Arianna / Balestrino, Fabrizio / Carrieri, Marco / Dindo, Maria Luisa / Bellini, Romeo

    Journal of insect science (Online)

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 5

    Abstract: Improvements are needed in mosquito mass-rearing to effectively implement the sterile insect technique (SIT). However, managing this technique is challenging and resource intensive. SIT relies on mass rearing, sterilization, and release of adult males to ...

    Abstract Improvements are needed in mosquito mass-rearing to effectively implement the sterile insect technique (SIT). However, managing this technique is challenging and resource intensive. SIT relies on mass rearing, sterilization, and release of adult males to reduce field populations. Maintaining an acceptable level of female presence, who can transmit viruses through biting, is crucial. Females are also essential for facility sustainability. Sex sorting plays a vital role in the production process, and our current mechanical sorting approach aims to obtain a high number of adult males with minimal female contamination within 24 h of pupation. Utilizing protandry helps control female contamination. While the 24-h sorting period achieves desired contamination levels, it may not yield enough females to sustain breeding lines, leading to increased labor costs that impact project sustainability. By delaying the sorting procedure to 48 h, we obtained sufficient females to sustain breeding lines, achieving a balance between male production and female contamination using the automatic version of the Fay-Morlan device as the sorting tool.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Male ; Animals ; Culicidae ; Insecta
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2049098-7
    ISSN 1536-2442 ; 1536-2442
    ISSN (online) 1536-2442
    ISSN 1536-2442
    DOI 10.1093/jisesa/iead060
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  9. Article: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin PI M Heterozygotes with Rare Variants: Do They Need a Clinical and Functional Follow-Up?

    Annunziata, Anna / Fiorentino, Giuseppe / Balestrino, Marco / Rega, Roberto / Spinelli, Sara / Atripaldi, Lidia / Sola, Alessio / Massaro, Federica / Calabrese, Cecilia

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 4

    Abstract: ... 1) ... ...

    Abstract (1) Background
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm13041084
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  10. Article: Brain Metastasis from Unknown Primary Tumour: Moving from Old Retrospective Studies to Clinical Trials on Targeted Agents.

    Balestrino, Roberta / Rudà, Roberta / Soffietti, Riccardo

    Cancers

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 11

    Abstract: Brain metastases (BMs) are the most common intracranial tumours in adults and occur up to 3-10 times more frequently than primary brain tumours. BMs may be the cause of the neurological presenting symptoms in patients with otherwise previously ... ...

    Abstract Brain metastases (BMs) are the most common intracranial tumours in adults and occur up to 3-10 times more frequently than primary brain tumours. BMs may be the cause of the neurological presenting symptoms in patients with otherwise previously undiagnosed cancer. In up to 15% of patients with BMs, the primary tumour cannot be identified. These cases are known as BM of cancer of unknown primary (CUP) (BM-CUP). CUP has an early and aggressive metastatic spread, poor response to chemotherapy, and poor prognosis. The pathogenesis of CUP seems to be characterized by a specific underlying pro-metastatic signature. The understanding of BM-CUP, despite its relative frequency and unfavourable outcome, is still incomplete and clear indications on management are missing. Advances in diagnostic tools, molecular characterization, and target therapy have shifted the paradigm in the approach to metastasis from CUP: while earlier studies stressed the importance of finding the primary tumour and deciding on treatment based on the primary diagnosis, most recent studies focus on the importance of identifying targetable molecular markers in the metastasis itself. The aim of this review is to summarize current evidence on BM-CUP, from the diagnosis and pathogenesis to the treatment, with a focus on available studies and ongoing clinical trials.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers12113350
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