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  1. Article ; Online: spicyR: spatial analysis of in situ cytometry data in R.

    Canete, Nicolas P / Iyengar, Sourish S / Ormerod, John T / Baharlou, Heeva / Harman, Andrew N / Patrick, Ellis

    Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 11, Page(s) 3099–3105

    Abstract: ... pathology.: Results: We have developed the spicyR R package to perform inference on changes ... pathologies or disease states.: Availability and implementation: R package is freely available at http ...

    Abstract Motivation: High parameter histological techniques have allowed for the identification of a variety of distinct cell types within an image, providing a comprehensive overview of the tissue environment. This allows the complex cellular architecture and environment of diseased tissue to be explored. While spatial analysis techniques have revealed how cell-cell interactions are important within the disease pathology, there remains a gap in exploring changes in these interactions within the disease process. Specifically, there are currently few established methods for performing inference on cell-type co-localization changes across images, hindering an understanding of how cellular environments change with a disease pathology.
    Results: We have developed the spicyR R package to perform inference on changes in the spatial co-localization of types across groups of images. Application to simulated data demonstrates a high sensitivity and specificity. We the utility of spicyR by applying it to a type 1 diabetes imaging mass cytometry dataset, revealing changes in cellular associations that were relevant to the disease progression. Ultimately, spicyR allows changes in cellular environments to be explored under different pathologies or disease states.
    Availability and implementation: R package is freely available at http://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/spicyR.html and shiny app implementation at http://shiny.maths.usyd.edu.au/spicyR/.
    Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    MeSH term(s) Software ; Spatial Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1422668-6
    ISSN 1367-4811 ; 1367-4803
    ISSN (online) 1367-4811
    ISSN 1367-4803
    DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac268
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Synovial fibroblasts assume distinct functional identities and secrete R-spondin 2 in osteoarthritis.

    Knights, Alexander J / Farrell, Easton C / Ellis, Olivia M / Lammlin, Lindsey / Junginger, Lucas M / Rzeczycki, Phillip M / Bergman, Rachel F / Pervez, Rida / Cruz, Monique / Knight, Eleanor / Farmer, Dennis / Samani, Alexa A / Wu, Chia-Lung / Hankenson, Kurt D / Maerz, Tristan

    Annals of the rheumatic diseases

    2022  Volume 82, Issue 2, Page(s) 272–282

    Abstract: ... intra-articular injections of the Wnt agonist R-spondin 2 (Rspo2) to assess whether gain of function induced pathologies ...

    Abstract Objectives: Synovium is acutely affected following joint trauma and contributes to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) progression. Little is known about discrete cell types and molecular mechanisms in PTOA synovium. We aimed to describe synovial cell populations and their dynamics in PTOA, with a focus on fibroblasts. We also sought to define mechanisms of synovial Wnt/β-catenin signalling, given its emerging importance in arthritis.
    Methods: We subjected mice to non-invasive anterior cruciate ligament rupture as a model of human joint injury. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing to assess synovial cell populations, subjected Wnt-GFP reporter mice to joint injury to study Wnt-active cells, and performed intra-articular injections of the Wnt agonist R-spondin 2 (Rspo2) to assess whether gain of function induced pathologies characteristic of PTOA. Lastly, we used cultured fibroblasts, macrophages and chondrocytes to study how Rspo2 orchestrates crosstalk between joint cell types.
    Results: We uncovered seven distinct functional subsets of synovial fibroblasts in healthy and injured synovium, and defined their temporal dynamics in early and established PTOA. Wnt/β-catenin signalling was overactive in PTOA synovium, and Rspo2 was strongly induced after injury and secreted exclusively by Prg4
    Conclusions: Synovial fibroblasts assume distinct functional identities during PTOA in mice, and Prg4
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Chondrocytes/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Osteoarthritis/pathology ; Synovial Membrane/metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Thrombospondins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances RSPO2 protein, mouse ; Thrombospondins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 7090-7
    ISSN 1468-2060 ; 0003-4967
    ISSN (online) 1468-2060
    ISSN 0003-4967
    DOI 10.1136/ard-2022-222773
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: An Interview with Cass R. Sunstein

    Cass R. Sunstein / Jason W. Ellis / Sean Scanlan

    NANO, Iss

    Author of The World According to Star Wars

    2017  Volume 12

    Abstract: The guest editors of special issue 12, Jason W. Ellis and Sean Scanlan, interview Cass R. Sunstein ...

    Abstract The guest editors of special issue 12, Jason W. Ellis and Sean Scanlan, interview Cass R. Sunstein, the Robert Walmsley University Professor at Harvard, where he is founder and director of the Program on Behavioral Economics and Public Policy. He is the author of many books, including the bestseller Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness (with Richard H. Thaler). His 2016 book The World According to Star Wars attempts to understand the Star Wars universe in ten chapters through the lenses of Sunstein’s academic interests, namely: culture, sociology, psychology, behavioral science, and political science. The book is both personal and theoretical, practical and academic. It takes accurate measure of the genesis of the movies, the movies themselves, and briefly, but trenchantly, it examines concepts such as reputational cascades and speculates on what Star Wars can teach viewers about constitutional disputes.
    Keywords Star Wars ; The Force Awakens ; Cass Sunstein ; The World According to Star Wars ; interview ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Language and Literature ; P ; Literature (General) ; PN1-6790
    Subject code 940
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher New York City College of Technology
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: bbeaR: an R package and framework for epitope-specific antibody profiling.

    Suprun, Maria / Ellis, Randall J / Sampson, Hugh A / Suárez-Fariñas, Mayte

    Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)

    2021  Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 131–133

    Abstract: ... IgG, IgA and IgD isotypes. bbeaR is an open-source R package, developed for the BBEA, provides ... Availability and implementation: bbeaR is open-source and freely available from GitHub as an R package: https ...

    Abstract Summary: Analysis of epitope-specific antibody repertoires has provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders, especially allergies. A novel multiplex immunoassay, termed Bead-Based Epitope Assay (BBEA), was developed to quantify levels of epitope-specific immunoglobulins, including IgE, IgG, IgA and IgD isotypes. bbeaR is an open-source R package, developed for the BBEA, provides a framework to import, process and normalize .csv data files exported from the Luminex reader, evaluate various quality control metrics, analyze differential epitope-binding antibodies with linear modeling, visualize results and map epitopes' amino acid sequences to their respective primary protein structures. bbeaR enables streamlined and reproducible analysis of epitope-specific antibody profiles.
    Availability and implementation: bbeaR is open-source and freely available from GitHub as an R package: https://github.com/msuprun/bbeaR; vignettes included.
    Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1422668-6
    ISSN 1367-4811 ; 1367-4803
    ISSN (online) 1367-4811
    ISSN 1367-4803
    DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa1064
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A population-based resource for intergenerational metabolomics analyses in pregnant women and their children: the Generation R Study.

    Voerman, Ellis / Jaddoe, Vincent W V / Uhl, Olaf / Shokry, Engy / Horak, Jeannie / Felix, Janine F / Koletzko, Berthold / Gaillard, Romy

    Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society

    2020  Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) 43

    Abstract: ... years were low (range between r = - 0.10 and r = 0.35).: Conclusion: Our results suggest that unique ...

    Abstract Introduction: Adverse exposures in early life may predispose children to cardio-metabolic disease in later life. Metabolomics may serve as a valuable tool to disentangle the metabolic adaptations and mechanisms that potentially underlie these associations.
    Objectives: To describe the acquisition, processing and structure of the metabolomics data available in a population-based prospective cohort from early pregnancy onwards and to examine the relationships between metabolite profiles of pregnant women and their children at birth and in childhood.
    Methods: In a subset of 994 mothers-child pairs from a prospective population-based cohort study among pregnant women and their children from Rotterdam, the Netherlands, we used LC-MS/MS to determine concentrations of amino acids, non-esterified fatty acids, phospholipids and carnitines in blood serum collected in early pregnancy, at birth (cord blood), and at child's age 10 years.
    Results: Concentrations of diacyl-phosphatidylcholines, acyl-alkyl-phosphatidylcholines, alkyl-lysophosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelines were the highest in early pregnancy, concentrations of amino acids and non-esterified fatty acids were the highest at birth and concentrations of alkyl-lysophosphatidylcholines, free carnitine and acyl-carnitines were the highest at age 10 years. Correlations of individual metabolites between pregnant women and their children at birth and at the age of 10 years were low (range between r = - 0.10 and r = 0.35).
    Conclusion: Our results suggest that unique metabolic profiles are present among pregnant women, newborns and school aged children, with limited intergenerational correlations between metabolite profiles. These data will form a valuable resource to address the early metabolic origins of cardio-metabolic disease.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Amino Acids/blood ; Amino Acids/metabolism ; Carnitine/blood ; Carnitine/metabolism ; Child ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cohort Studies ; Fatty Acids/blood ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Phospholipids/blood ; Phospholipids/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prospective Studies ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
    Chemical Substances Amino Acids ; Fatty Acids ; Phospholipids ; Carnitine (S7UI8SM58A)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2250617-2
    ISSN 1573-3890 ; 1573-3882
    ISSN (online) 1573-3890
    ISSN 1573-3882
    DOI 10.1007/s11306-020-01667-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Comprehensive Analysis of R-Spondin Fusions and RNF43 Mutations Implicate Novel Therapeutic Options in Colorectal Cancer.

    Seeber, Andreas / Battaglin, Francesca / Zimmer, Kai / Kocher, Florian / Baca, Yasmine / Xiu, Joanne / Spizzo, Gilbert / Novotny-Diermayr, Veronica / Rieder, Dietmar / Puccini, Alberto / Swensen, Jeff / Ellis, Michelle / Goldberg, Richard M / Grothey, Axel / Shields, Anthony F / Marshall, John L / Weinberg, Benjamin A / Sackstein, Paul E / Lim, Kiat Hon /
    Tan, Gek San / Nabhan, Chadi / Korn, W Michael / Amann, Arno / Trajanoski, Zlatko / Berger, Martin D / Lou, Emil / Wolf, Dominik / Lenz, Heinz-Josef

    Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

    2022  Volume 28, Issue 9, Page(s) 1863–1870

    Abstract: Purpose: Gene fusions involving R-spondin (RSPOfp) and RNF43 mutations have been shown to drive ...

    Abstract Purpose: Gene fusions involving R-spondin (RSPOfp) and RNF43 mutations have been shown to drive Wnt-dependent tumor initiation in colorectal cancer. Herein, we aimed to characterize the molecular features of RSPOfp/RNF43 mutated (mut) compared with wild-type (WT) colorectal cancers to gain insights into potential rationales for therapeutic strategies.
    Experimental design: A discovery cohort was classified for RSPOfp/RNF43 status using DNA/RNA sequencing and IHC. An independent cohort was used to validate our findings.
    Results: The discovery cohort consisted of 7,245 colorectal cancer samples. RSPOfp and RNF43 mutations were detected in 1.3% (n = 94) and 6.1% (n = 443) of cases. We found 5 RSPO fusion events that had not previously been reported (e.g., IFNGR1-RSPO3). RNF43-mut tumors were associated with right-sided primary tumors. No RSPOfp tumors had RNF43 mutations. In comparison with WT colorectal cancers, RSPOfp tumors were characterized by a higher frequency of BRAF, BMPR1A, and SMAD4 mutations. APC mutations were observed in only a minority of RSPOfp-positive compared with WT cases (4.4% vs. 81.4%). Regarding RNF43 mutations, a higher rate of KMT2D and BRAF mutations were detectable compared with WT samples. Although RNF43 mutations were associated with a microsatellite instability (MSI-H)/mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) phenotype (64.3%), and a tumor mutation burden ≥10 mt/Mb (65.8%), RSPOfp was not associated with MSI-H/dMMR. The validation cohort replicated our genetic findings.
    Conclusions: This is the largest series of RSPOfp/RNF43-mut colorectal cancers reported to date. Comprehensive molecular analyses asserted the unique molecular landscape associated with RSPO/RNF43 and suggested potential alternative strategies to overcome the low clinical impact of Wnt-targeted agents and immunotherapy.
    MeSH term(s) Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Humans ; Microsatellite Instability ; Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
    Chemical Substances RNF43 protein, human (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1225457-5
    ISSN 1557-3265 ; 1078-0432
    ISSN (online) 1557-3265
    ISSN 1078-0432
    DOI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-3018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Correction to: Osborne JA, Botkin R, Colon-Semenza C, et al. Physical Therapist Management of Parkinson Disease: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Physical Therapy Association. Phys Ther. 2022;102:pzab302. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzab302.

    Osborne, Jacqueline A / Botkin, Rachel / Colon-Semenza, Cristina / DeAngelis, Tamara R / Gallardo, Oscar G / Kosakowski, Heidi / Martello, Justin / Pradhan, Sujata / Rafferty, Miriam / Readinger, Janet L / Whitt, Abigail L / Ellis, Terry D

    Physical therapy

    2022  Volume 102, Issue 8

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 415886-6
    ISSN 1538-6724 ; 0031-9023
    ISSN (online) 1538-6724
    ISSN 0031-9023
    DOI 10.1093/ptj/pzac098
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: R-loops and regulatory changes in chronologically ageing fission yeast cells drive non-random patterns of genome rearrangements.

    Ellis, David A / Reyes-Martín, Félix / Rodríguez-López, María / Cotobal, Cristina / Sun, Xi-Ming / Saintain, Quentin / Jeffares, Daniel C / Marguerat, Samuel / Tallada, Víctor A / Bähler, Jürg

    PLoS genetics

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 8, Page(s) e1009784

    Abstract: ... that accumulated with age were associated with microhomology sequences and R-loops. Global hotspots for age ... associated reduction in an RNA-binding protein triggering R-loops at target loci. This result suggests ...

    Abstract Aberrant repair of DNA double-strand breaks can recombine distant chromosomal breakpoints. Chromosomal rearrangements compromise genome function and are a hallmark of ageing. Rearrangements are challenging to detect in non-dividing cell populations, because they reflect individually rare, heterogeneous events. The genomic distribution of de novo rearrangements in non-dividing cells, and their dynamics during ageing, remain therefore poorly characterized. Studies of genomic instability during ageing have focussed on mitochondrial DNA, small genetic variants, or proliferating cells. To characterize genome rearrangements during cellular ageing in non-dividing cells, we interrogated a single diagnostic measure, DNA breakpoint junctions, using Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a model system. Aberrant DNA junctions that accumulated with age were associated with microhomology sequences and R-loops. Global hotspots for age-associated breakpoint formation were evident near telomeric genes and linked to remote breakpoints elsewhere in the genome, including the mitochondrial chromosome. Formation of breakpoint junctions at global hotspots was inhibited by the Sir2 histone deacetylase and might be triggered by an age-dependent de-repression of chromatin silencing. An unexpected mechanism of genomic instability may cause more local hotspots: age-associated reduction in an RNA-binding protein triggering R-loops at target loci. This result suggests that biological processes other than transcription or replication can drive genome rearrangements. Notably, we detected similar signatures of genome rearrangements that accumulated in old brain cells of humans. These findings provide insights into the unique patterns and possible mechanisms of genome rearrangements in non-dividing cells, which can be promoted by ageing-related changes in gene-regulatory proteins.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Breakpoints ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; Gene Rearrangement/genetics ; Genomic Instability/genetics ; Genomics/methods ; Models, Genetic ; Mutation/genetics ; R-Loop Structures/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism ; Telomere/genetics
    Chemical Substances Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2186725-2
    ISSN 1553-7404 ; 1553-7390
    ISSN (online) 1553-7404
    ISSN 1553-7390
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009784
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: burnr: Fire history analysis and graphics in R

    Malevich, Steven B / Christopher H. Guiterman / Ellis Q. Margolis

    Elsevier GmbH Dendrochronologia. 2018 June, v. 49

    2018  

    Abstract: We developed a new software package, burnr, for fire history analysis and plotting in the R ... with the thousands of packages available in R. In this paper, we describe the basic functionality of burnr and ... introduce users to fire history analyses in R. ...

    Abstract We developed a new software package, burnr, for fire history analysis and plotting in the R statistical programming environment. It was developed for tree-ring fire-scar analysis, but is broadly applicable to other event analyses (e.g., avalanches, frost rings, or culturally modified trees). Our new package can read, write, and manipulate standard tree-ring fire history FHX files, produce fire—demography charts, calculate fire frequency and seasonality statistics, and run superposed epoch analysis (SEA). A key benefit of burnr is that it enables automation of analyses and plotting, especially for large data sets. The package also facilitates creative plotting, mapping, and analyses when combined with the thousands of packages available in R. In this paper, we describe the basic functionality of burnr and introduce users to fire history analyses in R.
    Keywords automation ; avalanches ; computer software ; data collection ; fire frequency ; fire history ; frost ; growth rings ; statistics ; trees
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-06
    Size p. 9-15.
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2088117-4
    ISSN 1612-0051 ; 1125-7865
    ISSN (online) 1612-0051
    ISSN 1125-7865
    DOI 10.1016/j.dendro.2018.02.005
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Capitalist agriculture and the global bee crisis

    Ellis, Rebeca

    2023  

    Abstract: Capitalist agriculture relies heavily on the pollination work of bees, but this system harms bees in innumerable ways. Indeed, human agriculture is one of the main culprits for the declining populations of wild bees and the declining health of honeybees. ...

    Author's details Rebecca Ellis
    Abstract Capitalist agriculture relies heavily on the pollination work of bees, but this system harms bees in innumerable ways. Indeed, human agriculture is one of the main culprits for the declining populations of wild bees and the declining health of honeybees. This book presents a political ecology of pollination that critically examines how managed honey bees and wild bees are harmed by capitalist agriculture. The book focuses on the three most urgent problems: the standardization and simplification of landscapes through monocultures; the use of pesticides including neonicotinoids, other insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides; and the embeddedness of commercial, migratory beekeeping in the capitalist agriculture system which, among other things, has the potential to spread pests and pathogens across continents. At the heart of this crisis is the power and influence that a small group of agrochemical corporations have over national and international agricultural policy. The book argues for an interspecies alliance of small-scale farmers, bee advocates, beekeepers, environmentalists, and bees themselves, along with a vision for an agricultural system that nurtures multispecies flourishing. This book will be of significant interest to readers of political ecology, animal geography, environmental anthropology, food system studies, and critical animal studies.
    Keywords Agriculture/Economic aspects ; Bee culture ; Political ecology
    Subject code 638/.1
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-2022
    Size 1 online resource (vii, 171 pages)
    Publisher Routledge
    Publishing place London
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    ISBN 1-00-314229-X ; 1-003-14229-X ; 1-000-64590-8 ; 1-000-64587-8 ; 9780367695613 ; 978-1-00-314229-4 ; 978-1-003-14229-4 ; 978-1-000-64590-3 ; 978-1-000-64587-3 ; 0367695618
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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