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  1. Article ; Online: Corticosteroid-binding globulins: Lessons from biomedical research.

    Breuner, Creagh W / Beyl, Hannah E / Malisch, Jessica L

    Molecular and cellular endocrinology

    2020  Volume 514, Page(s) 110857

    Abstract: Glucocorticoids (GCs) circulate in the plasma bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG). Plasma CBG may limit access of glucocorticoids to tissues (acting as a sponge: the free hormone hypothesis), or may solely serve as a transport molecule, ... ...

    Abstract Glucocorticoids (GCs) circulate in the plasma bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG). Plasma CBG may limit access of glucocorticoids to tissues (acting as a sponge: the free hormone hypothesis), or may solely serve as a transport molecule, releasing GCs to tissues as the plasma moves through capillaries (the total hormone hypothesis). Both biomedical (focused on human health) and comparative (focused on ecological and evolutionary relevance) studies have worked to incorporate CBG in glucocorticoid physiology, and to understand whether free or total hormone is the biologically active plasma fraction. The biomedical field, however, has been well ahead of the comparative physiologists, and have produced results that can inform comparative research when considering the import of total vs. free plasma hormone. In fact, biomedical studies have made impressive strides regarding the function of CBG in tissues as well as plasma; we, however, focus solely on the plasma functions in this review as this is the primary area of disagreement amongst comparative physiologists. Here we present 5 sets of biomedical studies across genomics, pharmacology, cell culture, whole animal research, and human medicine that strongly support a role for CBG limiting hormone access to tissue. We also discuss three areas of concern across comparative researchers. In contrast to former publications, we are not suggesting that all comparative studies in glucocorticoid physiology must measure CBG, or that only free corticosterone levels are valid. However, we propose that comparative physiologists be aware of biomedical results as they investigate glucocorticoids and interpret how total hormone may or may not impact behavior and physiology of free-living vertebrates.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-11
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 187438-x
    ISSN 1872-8057 ; 0303-7207
    ISSN (online) 1872-8057
    ISSN 0303-7207
    DOI 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110857
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Across time and space: Hormonal variation across temporal and spatial scales in relation to nesting success.

    Grant, Avery R / Baldan, Davide / Kimball, Melanie G / Malisch, Jessica L / Ouyang, Jenny Q

    General and comparative endocrinology

    2020  Volume 292, Page(s) 113462

    Abstract: There is a renewed interest in investigating individual variation in hormone levels in relation to fitness metrics, as hormones act as mediators of life-history trade-offs. Hormone concentrations, however, are labile, responding to both internal and ... ...

    Abstract There is a renewed interest in investigating individual variation in hormone levels in relation to fitness metrics, as hormones act as mediators of life-history trade-offs. Hormone concentrations, however, are labile, responding to both internal and external stimuli, so the relationship between hormones and fitness can be non-consistent. One explanation of this inconsistent relationship is that a single hormone sample may not be representative of individual phenotypes in a free-living species. We addressed this issue by repeatedly sampling a free-living population of mountain white-crowned sparrows, Zonotrichia leucophrys oriantha, for baseline and stress-induced corticosterone (cort) and testosterone (T) across different stages of the breeding season. We measured (co)variation using three different methods, taking into account inter- and intra-individual variances, to determine whether hormone levels and the stress response are repeatable. We documented the temporal (over 3 months) and spatial (home-range) variation of individual hormone phenotypes and investigated how these components related to nesting success. At the population level, we found significant repeatability in male stress-induced cort concentrations but no repeatability in male or female baseline cort or male T concentrations. Using a new metric of intra-individual variance focusing on the stress response (profile repeatability), we found a wide range of variance scores, with most individuals showing high variation in their stress response. Similarly, we found a low level of repeatability of the reaction norm intercept and slope for the stress response across different life-history stages. Males with higher concentrations of stress-induced cort had more central home-ranges. Males with higher body condition had larger home-ranges; however, home-range size did not relate to male hormone concentrations or nesting success. We also did not find any significant relationship between variation in hormone levels and nesting success. We recommend that future studies combine both physiological and environmental components to better understand the relationship between hormones and fitness.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Corticosterone/metabolism ; Female ; Homing Behavior ; Hormones/metabolism ; Male ; Nesting Behavior ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sparrows/physiology ; Testosterone/metabolism ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Hormones ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Corticosterone (W980KJ009P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1851-x
    ISSN 1095-6840 ; 0016-6480
    ISSN (online) 1095-6840
    ISSN 0016-6480
    DOI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113462
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Living on the edge: Glucocorticoid physiology in desert iguanas (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) is predicted by distance from an anthropogenic disturbance, body condition, and population density.

    Malisch, Jessica L / Garland, Theodore / Claggett, Laurence / Stevenson, Lindsey / Kohl, Ellen A / John-Alder, Henry B

    General and comparative endocrinology

    2020  Volume 294, Page(s) 113468

    Abstract: Ecological factors, such as habitat quality, influence the survival and reproductive success of free-living organisms. Urbanization, including roads, alters native habitat and likely influences physiology, behavior, and ultimately Darwinian fitness. Some ...

    Abstract Ecological factors, such as habitat quality, influence the survival and reproductive success of free-living organisms. Urbanization, including roads, alters native habitat and likely influences physiology, behavior, and ultimately Darwinian fitness. Some effects of roads are clearly negative, such as increased habitat fragmentation and mortality from vehicle collision. However, roads can also have positive effects, such as decreasing predator density and increased vegetation cover, particularly in xeric habitats due to increased water run-off. Glucocorticoids are metabolic hormones that reflect baseline metabolic needs, increase in response to acute challenges, and may mediate endogenous resource trade-offs between survival and reproduction. Here we examined circulating concentrations of corticosterone (baseline and stress-induced) in desert iguanas (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) in relation to the distance from a major anthropogenic disturbance, a high-traffic road in Palm Springs, CA. Additionally, we analyzed body condition and population density as additional predictors of glucocorticoid physiology. Surprisingly, we found lower baseline CORT levels closer to the road, but no effect of distance from road on stress-induced CORT or stress responsiveness (difference between baseline and stress-induced concentrations). Both population density and body condition were negative predictors of baseline CORT, stress-induced CORT, and stress responsiveness. Given the known effect of roads to increase run-off and vegetation density, increased water availability may improve available forage and shade, which may then increase the carrying capacity of the habitat and minimize metabolic challenges for this herbivorous lizard. However, it is important to recognize that surfaces covered by asphalt are not usable habitat for iguanas, likely resulting in a net habitat loss.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Corticosterone/blood ; Female ; Glucocorticoids/metabolism ; Human Activities ; Iguanas/blood ; Iguanas/metabolism ; Male ; Population Density ; Stress, Physiological
    Chemical Substances Glucocorticoids ; Corticosterone (W980KJ009P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1851-x
    ISSN 1095-6840 ; 0016-6480
    ISSN (online) 1095-6840
    ISSN 0016-6480
    DOI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113468
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Corticosteroid-binding globulins: Lessons from biomedical research

    Breuner, Creagh W / Beyl, Hannah E / Malisch, Jessica L

    Molecular and cellular endocrinology. 2020 Aug. 20, v. 514

    2020  

    Abstract: Glucocorticoids (GCs) circulate in the plasma bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG). Plasma CBG may limit access of glucocorticoids to tissues (acting as a sponge: the free hormone hypothesis), or may solely serve as a transport molecule, ... ...

    Abstract Glucocorticoids (GCs) circulate in the plasma bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG). Plasma CBG may limit access of glucocorticoids to tissues (acting as a sponge: the free hormone hypothesis), or may solely serve as a transport molecule, releasing GCs to tissues as the plasma moves through capillaries (the total hormone hypothesis). Both biomedical (focused on human health) and comparative (focused on ecological and evolutionary relevance) studies have worked to incorporate CBG in glucocorticoid physiology, and to understand whether free or total hormone is the biologically active plasma fraction. The biomedical field, however, has been well ahead of the comparative physiologists, and have produced results that can inform comparative research when considering the import of total vs. free plasma hormone. In fact, biomedical studies have made impressive strides regarding the function of CBG in tissues as well as plasma; we, however, focus solely on the plasma functions in this review as this is the primary area of disagreement amongst comparative physiologists. Here we present 5 sets of biomedical studies across genomics, pharmacology, cell culture, whole animal research, and human medicine that strongly support a role for CBG limiting hormone access to tissue. We also discuss three areas of concern across comparative researchers. In contrast to former publications, we are not suggesting that all comparative studies in glucocorticoid physiology must measure CBG, or that only free corticosterone levels are valid. However, we propose that comparative physiologists be aware of biomedical results as they investigate glucocorticoids and interpret how total hormone may or may not impact behavior and physiology of free-living vertebrates.
    Keywords animal research ; biomedical research ; cell culture ; corticosterone ; genomics ; globulins ; human health ; imports ; medicine ; pharmacology ; physiology
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0820
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 187438-x
    ISSN 1872-8057 ; 0303-7207
    ISSN (online) 1872-8057
    ISSN 0303-7207
    DOI 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110857
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Steroid-binding proteins and free steroids in birds.

    Malisch, Jessica L / Breuner, Creagh W

    Molecular and cellular endocrinology

    2010  Volume 316, Issue 1, Page(s) 42–52

    Abstract: Within the comparative literature, corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) has recently emerged as a potential modulator of the glucocorticoids-driven stress response. Many avian field studies include the measurement of CBG with the goal of making ... ...

    Abstract Within the comparative literature, corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) has recently emerged as a potential modulator of the glucocorticoids-driven stress response. Many avian field studies include the measurement of CBG with the goal of making behavioral and ecological inferences. However, the field of stress physiology is divided on how to interpret the biological importance of the different states of circulating hormones. Here we review evidence for the biological relevance of each fraction of glucocorticoid hormone; the CBG-glucocorticoid complex (the bound fraction) and the remainder which is either unbound or loosely attached to albumin (the free fraction). We suggest that the biological importance of free vs. bound hormone depends on the location of interest (plasma or tissues), and the time frame of interest (current or future need). While a large body of evidence suggests that free hormones are the biologically active fraction, evidence also suggests that the bound fraction is a biologically relevant reservoir of glucocorticoids. We review two salient topics from the avian stress literature; stress-induced decreases in CBG capacity and glucocorticoid influences in life history strategies. These topics are discussed with an emphasis on free vs. bound hormone concentration and how that compares to current vs. future glucocorticoid needs.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Binding Sites ; Birds/physiology ; Humans ; Life Cycle Stages ; Ligands ; Protein Binding ; Steroids/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; Transcortin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Ligands ; Steroids ; Transcortin (9010-38-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-03-05
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 187438-x
    ISSN 1872-8057 ; 0303-7207
    ISSN (online) 1872-8057
    ISSN 0303-7207
    DOI 10.1016/j.mce.2009.09.019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Opinion: In the wake of COVID-19, academia needs new solutions to ensure gender equity.

    Malisch, Jessica L / Harris, Breanna N / Sherrer, Shanen M / Lewis, Kristy A / Shepherd, Stephanie L / McCarthy, Pumtiwitt C / Spott, Jessica L / Karam, Elizabeth P / Moustaid-Moussa, Naima / Calarco, Jessica McCrory / Ramalingam, Latha / Talley, Amelia E / Cañas-Carrell, Jaclyn E / Ardon-Dryer, Karin / Weiser, Dana A / Bernal, Ximena E / Deitloff, Jennifer

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2020  Volume 117, Issue 27, Page(s) 15378–15381

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Career Mobility ; Coronavirus Infections ; Female ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Research ; Teaching ; Universities ; Women
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2010636117
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Reply to Arora et al.: Concerns and considerations about using the CV as an equity tool.

    Malisch, Jessica L / Harris, Breanna N / Sherrer, Shanen M / Lewis, Kristy A / Shepherd, Stephanie L / McCarthy, Pumtiwitt C / Spott, Jessica L / Karam, Elizabeth P / Moustaid-Moussa, Naima / Calarco, Jessica McCrory / Ramalingam, Latha / Talley, Amelia E / Cañas-Carrell, Jaclyn E / Ardon-Dryer, Karin / Weiser, Dana A / Bernal, Ximena E / Deitloff, Jennifer

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2020  Volume 117, Issue 39, Page(s) 24033–24034

    MeSH term(s) Attitude ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Organizations ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sex Factors
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2015932117
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Effects of activity, genetic selection and their interaction on muscle metabolic capacities and organ masses in mice.

    Kelly, Scott A / Gomes, Fernando R / Kolb, Erik M / Malisch, Jessica L / Garland, Theodore

    The Journal of experimental biology

    2017  Volume 220, Issue Pt 6, Page(s) 1038–1047

    Abstract: Chronic voluntary exercise elevates total daily energy expenditure and food consumption, potentially resulting in organ compensation supporting nutrient extraction/utilization. Additionally, species with naturally higher daily energy expenditure often ... ...

    Abstract Chronic voluntary exercise elevates total daily energy expenditure and food consumption, potentially resulting in organ compensation supporting nutrient extraction/utilization. Additionally, species with naturally higher daily energy expenditure often have larger processing organs, which may represent genetic differences and/or phenotypic plasticity. We tested for possible adaptive changes in organ masses of four replicate lines of house mice selected (37 generations) for high running (HR) compared with four non-selected control (C) lines. Females were housed with or without wheel access for 13-14 weeks beginning at 53-60 days of age. In addition to organ compensation, chronic activity may also require an elevated aerobic capacity. Therefore, we also measured hematocrit and both citrate synthase activity and myoglobin concentration in heart and gastrocnemius. Both selection (HR versus C) and activity (wheels versus no wheels) significantly affected morphological and biochemical traits. For example, with body mass as a covariate, mice from HR lines had significantly higher hematocrit and larger ventricles, with more myoglobin. Wheel access lengthened the small intestine, increased relative ventricle and kidney size, and increased skeletal muscle citrate synthase activity and myoglobin concentration. As compared with C lines, HR mice had greater training effects for ventricle mass, hematocrit, large intestine length and gastrocnemius citrate synthase activity. For ventricle and gastrocnemius citrate synthase activity, the greater training was quantitatively explainable as a result of greater wheel running (i.e. 'more pain, more gain'). For hematocrit and large intestine length, differences were not related to amount of wheel running and instead indicate inherently greater adaptive plasticity in HR lines.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Citrate (si)-Synthase/analysis ; Citrate (si)-Synthase/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Hematocrit ; Male ; Mice/blood ; Mice/genetics ; Mice/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Myoglobin/analysis ; Myoglobin/metabolism ; Organ Size ; Phenotype ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Running ; Selection, Genetic
    Chemical Substances Myoglobin ; Citrate (si)-Synthase (EC 2.3.3.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218085-6
    ISSN 1477-9145 ; 0022-0949
    ISSN (online) 1477-9145
    ISSN 0022-0949
    DOI 10.1242/jeb.148759
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: From panic to pedagogy: Using online active learning to promote inclusive instruction in ecology and evolutionary biology courses and beyond.

    Harris, Breanna N / McCarthy, Pumtiwitt C / Wright, April M / Schutz, Heidi / Boersma, Kate S / Shepherd, Stephanie L / Manning, Lathiena A / Malisch, Jessica L / Ellington, Roni M

    Ecology and evolution

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 22, Page(s) 12581–12612

    Abstract: The rapid shift to online teaching in spring 2020 meant most of us were teaching in panic mode. As we move forward with course planning for fall and beyond, we can invest more time and energy into improving the online experience for our students. We ... ...

    Abstract The rapid shift to online teaching in spring 2020 meant most of us were teaching in panic mode. As we move forward with course planning for fall and beyond, we can invest more time and energy into improving the online experience for our students. We advocate that instructors use inclusive teaching practices, specifically through active learning, in their online classes. Incorporating pedagogical practices that work to maximize active and inclusive teaching concepts will be beneficial for all students, and especially those from minoritized or underserved groups. Like many STEM fields, Ecology and Evolution shows achievement gaps and faces a leaky pipeline issue for students from groups traditionally underserved in science. Making online classes both active and inclusive will aid student learning and will also help students feel more connected to their learning, their peers, and their campus. This approach will likely help with performance, retention, and persistence of students. In this paper, we offer broadly applicable strategies and techniques that weave together active and inclusive teaching practices. We challenge instructors to commit to making small changes as a first step to more inclusive teaching in ecology and evolutionary biology courses.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2635675-2
    ISSN 2045-7758
    ISSN 2045-7758
    DOI 10.1002/ece3.6915
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia in White-Throated and White-Crowned Sparrows: A New Technique for Rapid Glucose Measurement in the Field.

    Malisch, Jessica L / Bennett, Daniel J / Davidson, Brad A / Wenker, Elizabeth E / Suzich, Renee N / Johnson, Erin E

    Physiological and biochemical zoology : PBZ

    2018  Volume 91, Issue 4, Page(s) 943–949

    Abstract: Organisms experience stressors, and the physiological response to these stressors is highly conserved. Acute stress activates both the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, increasing epinephrine, norepinephrine, and ... ...

    Abstract Organisms experience stressors, and the physiological response to these stressors is highly conserved. Acute stress activates both the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, increasing epinephrine, norepinephrine, and glucocorticoids, collectively promoting glucose mobilization. While this is well characterized in mammals, the hyperglycemic response to stress in avian and nonavian reptiles has received less attention. A number of factors, ranging from time of day to blood loss, are reported to influence the extent to which acute stress leads to hyperglycemia in birds. Here we characterized the glycemic response to acute handling stress in two species of free-living sparrows: white-throated sparrows (WTSPs: Zonotrichia albicollis) in St. Mary's County, Maryland, and white-crowned sparrows (WCSPs: Zonotrichia leucophrys) in Tioga Pass Meadow, California. We validated a novel technique for rapid field measurement of glucose using a human blood glucose meter, FreeStyle Lite. As expected, acute handling stress elevated blood glucose at both 15 and 30 min postcapture as compared to baseline for both WTSPs and WCSPs. In addition, handling for 30 min without bleeding had the same hyperglycemic effect as handling with serial bleeds in WCSPs. Finally, body condition that was measured as abdominal fat score predicted stress-induced blood glucose in WTSPs but not in WCSPs. Our results are consistent with the mammalian literature on acute stress and energy mobilization, and we introduce a new field technique for avian field biologists.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blood Glucose/physiology ; Blood Specimen Collection/methods ; Blood Specimen Collection/veterinary ; Hyperglycemia/veterinary ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Sparrows/blood ; Sparrows/physiology ; Stress, Physiological/physiology
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1473845-4
    ISSN 1537-5293 ; 1522-2152
    ISSN (online) 1537-5293
    ISSN 1522-2152
    DOI 10.1086/698536
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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