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  1. Article ; Online: A large-scale field experiment across six rivers illustrates how the effects of resource enrichment are context dependent.

    Bovill, William D / Downes, Barbara J / Bond, Nick R / Reich, Paul / Coleman, Rhys / Lake, P S

    Oecologia

    2023  Volume 202, Issue 1, Page(s) 41–54

    Abstract: ... of resource supplementation vary between rivers and suggest that pre-existing conditions (e.g. channel ...

    Abstract Resource supplementation can increase species richness and change the faunal composition of communities, but experiments have produced variable outcomes. An often overlooked element is that species richness can only increase if new taxa can disperse to resource-rich locations and invade established, local communities. We experimentally increased a basal resource (detritus) in six rivers in south-eastern Australia by driving wooden stakes into the riverbed to increase retention of detritus. Control sites were left untreated. Sites were located in agricultural sections with mostly cleared vegetation, but with intact (uncleared) reference sites upstream to provide sources of prospective colonists. We measured channel retentiveness and sampled benthic detritus and invertebrates before and after manipulation. We tested whether: greater retentiveness increased detritus densities, species richness and abundances and altered faunal composition; manipulation sites reached bio-equivalence with reference sites; new species arose from upstream reference areas; and whether outcomes were consistent across rivers. Only three rivers gained increases in detritus densities. All had low pre-existing amounts of in-stream wood compared with rivers that did not respond to treatment. Two rivers (Hughes Creek, Seven Creeks) gained higher species richness and invertebrate densities within 12 months and reached bio-equivalence with reference sites. In contrast, Turtons Creek showed species turnover through replacement of individuals. Only in Hughes Creek was there evidence of successful dispersal from the upstream reference area. The outcomes show that the effects of resource supplementation vary between rivers and suggest that pre-existing conditions (e.g. channel retentiveness) may cause these differences, providing clear evidence of context dependence.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Rivers ; Prospective Studies ; Invertebrates ; Wood ; Ecosystem
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-03
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 123369-5
    ISSN 1432-1939 ; 0029-8549
    ISSN (online) 1432-1939
    ISSN 0029-8549
    DOI 10.1007/s00442-023-05368-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: An Assessment of Hernia Formation after Abdominally Based Free Tissue Transfer Harvest.

    Mondshine, Joshua / Bovill, John / Sayyed, Adaah A / Abu El Hawa, Areeg A / Bekeny, Jenna C / Fan, Kenneth L / Del Corral, Gabriel

    Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    2022  Volume 151, Issue 1, Page(s) 182e–183e

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hernia ; Mammaplasty ; Free Tissue Flaps
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208012-6
    ISSN 1529-4242 ; 0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
    ISSN (online) 1529-4242
    ISSN 0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
    DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000009750
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Inhalation anaesthesia: from diethyl ether to xenon.

    Bovill, J G

    Handbook of experimental pharmacology

    2008  , Issue 182, Page(s) 121–142

    Abstract: Modern anaesthesia is said to have began with the successful demonstration of ether anaesthesia by William Morton in October 1846, even though anaesthesia with nitrous oxide had been used in dentistry 2 years before. Anaesthesia with ether, nitrous oxide ...

    Abstract Modern anaesthesia is said to have began with the successful demonstration of ether anaesthesia by William Morton in October 1846, even though anaesthesia with nitrous oxide had been used in dentistry 2 years before. Anaesthesia with ether, nitrous oxide and chloroform (introduced in 1847) rapidly became commonplace for surgery. Of these, only nitrous oxide remains in use today. All modern volatile anaesthetics, with the exception of halothane (a fluorinated alkane), are halogenated methyl ethyl ethers. Methyl ethyl ethers are more potent, stable and better anaesthetics than diethyl ethers. They all cause myocardial depression, most markedly halothane, while isoflurane and sevoflurane cause minimal cardiovascular depression. The halogenated ethers also depress the normal respiratory response to carbon dioxide and to hypoxia. Other adverse effects include hepatic and renal damage. Hepatitis occurs most frequently with halothane, although rare cases have been reported with the other agents. Liver damage is not caused by the anaesthetics themselves, but by reactive metabolites. Type I hepatitis occurs fairly commonly and takes the form of a minor disturbance of liver enzymes, which usually resolves without treatment. Type II, thought to be immune-mediated, is rare, unpredictable and results in a severe fulminant hepatitis with a high mortality. Renal damage is rare, and was most often associated with methoxyflurane because of excessive plasma fluoride concentrations resulting from its metabolism. Methoxyflurane was withdrawn from the market because of the high incidence of nephrotoxicity. Among the contemporary anaesthetics, the highest fluoride concentrations have been reported with sevoflurane, but there are no reports of renal dysfunction associated with its use. Recently there has been a renewed interest in xenon, one of the noble gases. Xenon has many of the properties of an ideal anaesthetic. The major factor limiting its more widespread is the high cost, about 2,000 times the cost of nitrous oxide.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthesia, Inhalation/history ; Anesthesia, Inhalation/trends ; Anesthetics, Inhalation/administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Inhalation/adverse effects ; Anesthetics, Inhalation/chemistry ; Anesthetics, Inhalation/history ; Anesthetics, Inhalation/pharmacology ; Animals ; Carbon Monoxide/chemistry ; Consciousness/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ether/adverse effects ; Ether/chemistry ; Ether/pharmacology ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Molecular Structure ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Xenon/adverse effects ; Xenon/chemistry ; Xenon/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Ether (0F5N573A2Y) ; Xenon (3H3U766W84) ; Carbon Monoxide (7U1EE4V452)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 0171-2004
    ISSN 0171-2004
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-74806-9_6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Mechanisms of anaesthesia: time to say farewell to the Meyer-Overton rule.

    Bovill, J G

    Current opinion in anaesthesiology

    2006  Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) 433–436

    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-09-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 645203-6
    ISSN 1473-6500 ; 0952-7907
    ISSN (online) 1473-6500
    ISSN 0952-7907
    DOI 10.1097/00001503-200008000-00006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Drugs and haemostasis.

    Bovill, J G

    Current opinion in anaesthesiology

    2006  Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 383–385

    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-09-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 645203-6
    ISSN 1473-6500 ; 0952-7907
    ISSN (online) 1473-6500
    ISSN 0952-7907
    DOI 10.1097/00001503-200108000-00001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Agronomic assessment of the durum <i>Rht18</i> dwarfing gene in bread wheat

    Rebetzke, G. J. / Rattey, A. R. / Bovill, W. D. / Richards, R. A. / Brooks, B. J. / Ellis, M.

    Crop & pasture science. 2022, v. 73, no. 4

    2022  

    Abstract: The wheat Green Revolution Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b dwarfing alleles are associated with increased grain yields but also with reduced early growth and seedling emergence, especially if sowing conditions are unfavourable. The gibberellic acid-responsive, ... ...

    Abstract The wheat Green Revolution Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b dwarfing alleles are associated with increased grain yields but also with reduced early growth and seedling emergence, especially if sowing conditions are unfavourable. The gibberellic acid-responsive, mutagen-derived Rht18 dwarfing gene was backcrossed from durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum L.) cv. Icaro into tall bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Halberd using phenotypic selection for reduced plant height. The Rht18 allele was confirmed among homozygous BC1 F2 -derived, F5:7 recombinant inbred lines by using a chromosome 6AS-linked, microsatellite molecular marker (Xwms4608), and then assessed for agronomic performance across multiple field sites ranging in yield from 3.6 to 6.4t/ha. The Rht18 -containing lines were significantly (P Rht18 dwarfing gene. Comparisons of effects of gibberellic acid-insensitive Rht-B1b and Rht18 on early growth and agronomic performance were assessed separately for a set of 30 BC5 F6 -derived Halberd near-isogenic lines in the field in 2015. Ground cover and coleoptile length were significantly greater for Rht18 lines, whereas plant height, lodging, harvest index, grain number and yield were similar for Rht-B1b and Rht18 sister lines. Reduced lodging and increased grain number and yield, together with greater coleoptile length, indicate a potentially useful role for Rht18 in improving wheat performance.
    Keywords Triticum aestivum ; Triticum turgidum subsp. durum ; agronomic traits ; alleles ; chromosomes ; coleoptiles ; durum wheat ; genetic markers ; harvest index ; homozygosity ; microsatellite repeats ; pastures ; phenotypic selection ; plant height ; seedling emergence
    Language English
    Size p. 325-336.
    Publishing place CSIRO Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2472536-5
    ISSN 1836-5795 ; 1836-0947
    ISSN (online) 1836-5795
    ISSN 1836-0947
    DOI 10.1071/CP21645
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Fine-scale species distribution modelling and genotyping by sequencing to examine hybridisation between two narrow endemic plant species.

    Ball, J W / Robinson, T P / Wardell-Johnson, G W / Bovill, J / Byrne, M / Nevill, P G

    Scientific reports

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 1562

    Abstract: Hybridization has an important and often positive role in plant evolution. However, it can also have negative consequences for species. Two closely related species of Ornduffia are endemic to the Porongurup Range in the South West Australian Global ... ...

    Abstract Hybridization has an important and often positive role in plant evolution. However, it can also have negative consequences for species. Two closely related species of Ornduffia are endemic to the Porongurup Range in the South West Australian Global Biodiversity Hotspot. The rare Ornduffia calthifolia is found exclusively on the summits, while O. marchantii is more widely dispersed across a greater range of elevation and is not considered threatened. Hybridisation in suitable overlapping habitat has been suspected between them for decades. Here we combine genotyping by sequencing to verify hybridisation genetically, and fine scale (2 m resolution) species distribution modelling (SDM) to test if hybrids occur in suitable intersecting habitat. From a study area of c. 4700 ha, SDM identified c. 275 ha and c. 322 ha of suitable habitat for O. calthifolia and O. marchantii, respectively. We identified range overlap between species of c. 59 ha), which enveloped 32 individuals confirmed to be hybrids. While the hybrids were at the margin of suitable habitat for O. marchantii, their preference for elevated habitat was closer to the more narrowly distributed O. calthifolia. The combination of genetic data and fine scale spatial modelling approaches enabled a better understanding of hybridisation among taxa of conservation significance. However, the level to which hybrid proliferation and competition for habitat presents as a threat to O. calthifolia is currently unknown and requires priority in conservation management given the threats from global warming and disturbance by tourism.
    MeSH term(s) Asteraceae/genetics ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Genotyping Techniques/methods ; Hybridization, Genetic/genetics ; Models, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods ; Western Australia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-58525-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: A novel method reveals how channel retentiveness and stocks of detritus (CPOM) vary among streams differing in bed roughness

    Bovill, William D / Downes, Barbara J / Lake, P. S

    Freshwater biology. 2020 Aug., v. 65, no. 8

    2020  

    Abstract: ... versus cobble‐bed streams); (2) different types of channel features (e.g. log jams, cobbles, depositional ...

    Abstract Coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) is a fundamental resource in freshwater streams, providing food, shelter and habitat for diverse invertebrate taxa and playing a key role in metabolism in low‐order streams. Benthic CPOM stocks are determined by rates of supply and breakdown of detritus and by channel retentiveness (i.e. the capacity for the channel to trap and retain CPOM). We focussed on factors affecting the retentiveness of channels, which theoretically differs among streams with different sediment sizes and concomitant channel morphology. We developed a new, rapid method to measure retentiveness using line‐intercept surveys along transects. With this rapid approach, we surveyed 32 sites from three types of streams (smooth sandy channels, n = 10; gravel channels of intermediate roughness, n = 12; rough cobble channels, n = 10) in Victoria, south‐eastern Australia, and tested the simple hypotheses that: (1) retentiveness increases in channels with increasing channel roughness (i.e. sandy versus gravel versus cobble‐bed streams); (2) different types of channel features (e.g. log jams, cobbles, depositional areas) differ in the efficiency with which they retain CPOM. The line‐intercept survey method was readily adapted to measure retentiveness as m of retentive structure per m of transect (i.e. the Linear Coverage Index) and trapping efficiency as m of CPOM per m of retentive element, for 10 different types of retentive elements. Unexpectedly, the retentiveness of channels did not increase with channel roughness. This occurred because channels with different roughness were dominated by different types of retentive structure. Retentive structure in cobble sites was dominated by cobbles themselves, which were highly retentive in other studies but poorly retentive in our system. Gravel and sand sites had more log jams and depositional areas, such as pools and backwaters, and these features were more effective at trapping CPOM. Thus, retention of CPOM was highest in gravel and sand sites. Our method provides a new tool for investigators testing hypotheses about CPOM retention in streams. The method is rapid, requires a minimum of equipment and personnel, and may be applied in any wadeable stream. Retentiveness is calculated in intuitive units that are directly comparable among sites and may have utility as variables in models of CPOM dynamics. We hope this method will open up new avenues for research that may shed light on how CPOM stocks vary among streams, with implications for diversity of aquatic fauna and ecosystem functions such as decomposition.
    Keywords detritus ; ecological function ; equipment ; fauna ; gravel ; habitats ; human resources ; invertebrates ; metabolism ; models ; particulate organic matter ; rapid methods ; roughness ; sand ; streams ; surveys ; Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-08
    Size p. 1313-1324.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 121180-8
    ISSN 0046-5070
    ISSN 0046-5070
    DOI 10.1111/fwb.13496
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Intravenous anesthesia for the patient with left ventricular dysfunction.

    Bovill, J G

    Seminars in cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia

    2006  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–48

    Abstract: Patients with heart failure have a diminished cardiac reserve capacity that may be further compromised by anesthesia. In addition to depression of sympathetic activity, most anaesthetics interfere with cardiovascular performance, either by a direct ... ...

    Abstract Patients with heart failure have a diminished cardiac reserve capacity that may be further compromised by anesthesia. In addition to depression of sympathetic activity, most anaesthetics interfere with cardiovascular performance, either by a direct myocardial depression or by modifying cardiovascular control mechanisms. Etomidate causes the least cardiovascular depression. It is popular for induction of anesthesia in cardiac-compromised patients; however, it is not suitable for maintenance of anesthesia because it depresses adrenocortical function. Ketamine has a favorable cardiovascular profile related to central sympathetic stimulation and inhibition of neuronal catecholamine uptake. These counteract its direct negative inotropic effect. In patients with a failing myocardium, however, the negative inotropic effects may be unmasked, resulting in deterioration in cardiac performance and cardiovascular instability. Propofol is the most popular intravenous anesthetic for maintenance of anesthesia. It does have a negative inotropic effect, but the net effect on myocardial contractility is insignificant at clinical concentrations, probably because of a simultaneous increase in the sensitivity of the myofilaments to Ca2+. Propofol protects the myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury, an action derived from its antioxidant and free-radical-scavenging properties as well as the related inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. For intravenous anesthesia, propofol is always combined with an opioid. Opioids have relatively few cardiovascular side effects and, in particular, do not cause myocardial depression. Indeed, they are cardioprotective, with antiarrhythmic activity, and induce pharmacologic preconditioning of the myocardium by a mechanism similar to the inhalational anesthetics.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Anesthetics, Dissociative ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Etomidate ; Humans ; Ketamine ; Narcotics ; Propofol ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/complications
    Chemical Substances Anesthetics, Dissociative ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Narcotics ; Ketamine (690G0D6V8H) ; Propofol (YI7VU623SF) ; Etomidate (Z22628B598)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2012371-1
    ISSN 1940-5596 ; 1089-2532
    ISSN (online) 1940-5596
    ISSN 1089-2532
    DOI 10.1177/108925320601000108
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Propeller Perforator Flaps Used for Hand and Digit Reconstruction: A Systematic Review

    Bovill, John / Huffman, Samuel / Cach, Gina / Haffner, Zoe / Deldar, Romina / Abu El Hawa, Areeg A. / Sgromolo, Nicole / Giladi, Aviram M.

    Journal of Hand and Microsurgery

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Propeller perforator flaps (PPFs) have increased in popularity due to the freedom in design and ability to cover a variety of defects without sacrificing the major vessels. Present reports of PPFs for upper limb reconstruction have not ... ...

    Abstract Background: Propeller perforator flaps (PPFs) have increased in popularity due to the freedom in design and ability to cover a variety of defects without sacrificing the major vessels. Present reports of PPFs for upper limb reconstruction have not provided guidance for hand reconstruction, specifically. This study aims to review the current literature and evaluate techniques for use of PPFs in hand reconstruction.
    Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for articles published from 1991 to 2021. The database search was queried for records using appropriate Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms. Studies reporting PPFs were limited to English language and excluded lower extremity or upper extremity reconstruction not specific to defects in the hand or digits. Study characteristics, patient demographics, indications, preoperative testing, flap characteristics, flap survival, and complication rates were collected.
    Results: Out of the initial 1,348 citations yielded, 71 underwent full-text review. Ultimately, 25 unique citations were included encompassing 12 retrospective reviews (48%), 3 prospective cohort studies (10%), and 10 case series (40%). In review, 525 patients underwent reconstruction with a total of 613 propeller flaps performed to repair defects of the hand, digits, or both with use of 18 unique flap types. Overall flap survival was 97.8%. Acute wounds accounted for 72.9% of performed reconstructions. The mean flap coverage was 14.7 cm 2. Complications occurred in 19.8% of cases, with venous congestion and partial flap necrosis occurring in 5.5 and 6.5% of cases, respectively, leading to a flap failure rate of 2.1%.
    Conclusion: PPFs are a reliable option for hand or digital reconstruction, allowing surgeons to cover a variety of defects without sacrificing local vasculature. Despite nearly a 20% reported complication rate, nearly all flaps with venous congestion and partial flap necrosis included in these articles resolved without the need for secondary intervention, retaining an excellent overall flap survival.
    Keywords autologous reconstruction ; finger ; flaps ; hand ; propeller perforator flap
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-05
    Publisher Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0974-6897 ; 0974-3227
    ISSN (online) 0974-6897
    ISSN 0974-3227
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1768482
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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