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  1. Article ; Online: Selenium intake, status, and health: a complex relationship.

    Rayman, Margaret P

    Hormones (Athens, Greece)

    2019  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 9–14

    Abstract: Both selenium (Se) deficiency and excess are found in natural locations throughout the world, though Se excess can also be caused by supplementation with Se. Both have been associated with adverse health effects that have often been characterized by a U- ... ...

    Abstract Both selenium (Se) deficiency and excess are found in natural locations throughout the world, though Se excess can also be caused by supplementation with Se. Both have been associated with adverse health effects that have often been characterized by a U-shaped relationship. Some health effects, such as increased mortality, are associated with both low and high Se status. Certain people and populations are better able to tolerate low or high Se intake than others; there are a number of possible explanations for this fact. Firstly, it may relate to the presence of polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that improve the ability to deal with a low or high Se intake. Secondly, high Se status, with apparent absence of toxicity and even beneficial effects, can be found in populations exposed to toxic elements that are known to interact with Se, forming complexes in some cases. Thirdly, beneficial and harmful effects of Se depend on Se dose and form (speciation); for instance, at a high dose, selenomethionine (SeMet) has toxic effects that are mediated by metabolism to selenols/selenolates that can redox-cycle, generate superoxide radicals and react with thiols/diselenides to produce selenyl sulphides/disulphides. Finally, it is possible that exposure to a high Se intake from birth or from a very young age may alter the composition of the gut microbiota in such a way that excess Se is more readily excreted, thus reducing its toxicity.
    MeSH term(s) Health ; Humans ; Mercury/toxicity ; Mortality ; Nutritional Status ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Selenium/administration & dosage ; Selenium/adverse effects ; Selenium/deficiency ; Selenomethionine/adverse effects ; Selenoproteins/genetics
    Chemical Substances Selenoproteins ; Selenomethionine (964MRK2PEL) ; Mercury (FXS1BY2PGL) ; Selenium (H6241UJ22B)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2075912-5
    ISSN 2520-8721 ; 1109-3099
    ISSN (online) 2520-8721
    ISSN 1109-3099
    DOI 10.1007/s42000-019-00125-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Response to Plat and Mensink.

    Calder, Philip C / Rayman, Margaret P

    The British journal of nutrition

    2021  Volume 127, Issue 7, Page(s) 1119–1120

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Vaccine Efficacy
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 280396-3
    ISSN 1475-2662 ; 0007-1145
    ISSN (online) 1475-2662
    ISSN 0007-1145
    DOI 10.1017/S0007114521001793
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Optimising COVID-19 vaccine efficacy by ensuring nutritional adequacy.

    Rayman, Margaret P / Calder, Philip C

    The British journal of nutrition

    2021  Volume 126, Issue 12, Page(s) 1919–1920

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Nutritional Status
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 280396-3
    ISSN 1475-2662 ; 0007-1145
    ISSN (online) 1475-2662
    ISSN 0007-1145
    DOI 10.1017/S0007114521000386
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Multiple nutritional factors and thyroid disease, with particular reference to autoimmune thyroid disease.

    Rayman, Margaret P

    The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society

    2018  Volume 78, Issue 1, Page(s) 34–44

    Abstract: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) are examples of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), the commonest autoimmune condition. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO), the enzyme that catalyses thyroid-hormone production and antibodies to ... ...

    Abstract Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) are examples of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), the commonest autoimmune condition. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO), the enzyme that catalyses thyroid-hormone production and antibodies to the receptor for the thyroid-stimulating hormone, are characteristic of HT and GD, respectively. It is presently accepted that genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, including nutritional factors and immune disorders contribute to the development of AITD. Aiming to investigate the effect of iodine, iron and selenium in the risk, pathogenesis and treatment of thyroid disease, PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant publications to provide a narrative review. Iodine: chronic exposure to excess iodine intake induces autoimmune thyroiditis, partly because highly-iodinated thyroglobulin (Tg) is more immunogenic. The recent introduction of universal salt iodisation can have a similar, although transient, effect. Iron: iron deficiency impairs thyroid metabolism. TPO is a haem enzyme that becomes active only after binding haem. AITD patients are frequently iron-deficient since autoimmune gastritis, which reduces iron absorption and coeliac disease which causes iron loss, are frequent co-morbidities. In two-thirds of women with persistent symptoms of hypothyroidism despite appropriate levothyroxine therapy, restoration of serum ferritin above 100 µg/l ameliorated symptoms. Selenium: selenoproteins are essential to thyroid action. In particular, the glutathione peroxidases remove excessive hydrogen peroxide produced there for the iodination of Tg to form thyroid hormones. There is evidence from observational studies and randomised controlled trials that selenium, probably as selenoproteins, can reduce TPO-antibody concentration, hypothyroidism and postpartum thyroiditis. Appropriate status of iodine, iron and selenium is crucial to thyroid health.
    MeSH term(s) Autoantigens/immunology ; Graves Disease/immunology ; Hashimoto Disease/immunology ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism/immunology ; Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating/immunology ; Iodide Peroxidase/immunology ; Iodine/immunology ; Iron/immunology ; Iron-Binding Proteins/immunology ; Nutritional Status ; Risk Factors ; Selenium/immunology ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/immunology
    Chemical Substances Autoantigens ; Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating ; Iron-Binding Proteins ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; iodized salt ; Iodine (9679TC07X4) ; Iron (E1UOL152H7) ; TPO protein, human (EC 1.11.1.7) ; Iodide Peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.8) ; Selenium (H6241UJ22B)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 391142-1
    ISSN 1475-2719 ; 0029-6651
    ISSN (online) 1475-2719
    ISSN 0029-6651
    DOI 10.1017/S0029665118001192
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Hypothyroxinaemia during gestation is associated with low ferritin and increased levels of inflammatory markers.

    Pop, Victor J M / Krabbe, Johannes G / Broeren, Maarten / Wiersinga, Wilmar / Rayman, Margaret P

    European thyroid journal

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 2

    Abstract: Objective: Pregnancy is a state of physiological inflammation facilitating implantation. Early isolated hypothyroxinaemia (IH) and increased inflammation (including obesity) have been associated with severe obstetric complications. The current study ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Pregnancy is a state of physiological inflammation facilitating implantation. Early isolated hypothyroxinaemia (IH) and increased inflammation (including obesity) have been associated with severe obstetric complications. The current study evaluated the association between IH, low ferritin and inflammation parameters (interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and obesity. Moreover, the course of these parameters throughout pregnancy was evaluated in relation to IH.
    Methods: In the cross-sectional study (A) at 12 weeks, 2759 women participated and 2433 participated in the longitudinal study (B) with assessments at 12, 20 and 28 weeks gestation. At the first trimester, 122 (4.4%) IH women (free thyroxine (FT4) <5th percentile, normal TSH levels) were compared with 2114 (76.6%) reference women (FT4 between tenth and 90th percentiles, normal thyrotrophin (TSH) levels), in study B these figures were 99 (4.1%) and 1847 (75.9%), respectively.
    Results: Cross-sectionally, compared to reference women, IH was independently associated with low ferritin (<5th percentile, OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.4-4.9), high CRP (>95th percentile: OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.04-3.7), low hCG (<median, OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.40-3.16), obesity (BMI > 30, OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.12.9) and higher age (OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.04-1.15). Longitudinally, compared to reference women, women with IH at 12 weeks gestation showed persistently and significantly lower ferritin and hCG levels, and persistently higher CRP and IL-6 levels throughout gestation.
    Conclusion: Gestational IH could be viewed as a condition of increased inflammation, as reported in non-thyroidal illness syndrome. Less favourable inflammation parameters and low iron status during early gestation in IH women seem to persist throughout gestation.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Thyroxine ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Longitudinal Studies ; Interleukin-6 ; Thyrotropin ; Obesity ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Inflammation ; Ferritins
    Chemical Substances Thyroxine (Q51BO43MG4) ; Interleukin-6 ; Thyrotropin (9002-71-5) ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Ferritins (9007-73-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2659767-6
    ISSN 2235-0802 ; 2235-0640
    ISSN (online) 2235-0802
    ISSN 2235-0640
    DOI 10.1530/ETJ-23-0163
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Proof is still needed that an anti-inflammatory diet can benefit rheumatoid arthritis patients.

    Rayman, Margaret P / Saad, Ramy

    The American journal of clinical nutrition

    2020  Volume 111, Issue 6, Page(s) 1119–1120

    MeSH term(s) Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Cross-Over Studies ; Diet ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 280048-2
    ISSN 1938-3207 ; 0002-9165
    ISSN (online) 1938-3207
    ISSN 0002-9165
    DOI 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa081
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The role of selenium in type-2 diabetes mellitus and its metabolic comorbidities.

    Steinbrenner, Holger / Duntas, Leonidas H / Rayman, Margaret P

    Redox biology

    2022  Volume 50, Page(s) 102236

    Abstract: ... in many cross-sectional studies may rely on the upregulation of hepatic selenoprotein-P biosynthesis in conditions ...

    Abstract This review addresses the role of the essential trace element, selenium, in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its metabolic co-morbidities, i.e., metabolic syndrome, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We refer to the dietary requirements of selenium and the key physiological roles of selenoproteins. We explore the dysregulated fuel metabolism in T2DM and its co-morbidities, emphasizing the relevance of inflammation and oxidative stress. We describe the epidemiology of observational and experimental studies of selenium in diabetes and related conditions, explaining that the interaction between selenium status and glucose control is not limited to hyperglycemia but extends to hypoglycemia. We propose that the association between high plasma/serum selenium and T2DM/fasting plasma glucose observed in many cross-sectional studies may rely on the upregulation of hepatic selenoprotein-P biosynthesis in conditions of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. While animal studies have revealed potential molecular mechanisms underlying adverse effects of severe selenium/selenoprotein excess and deficiency in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, their translational significance is rather limited. Importantly, dietary selenium supplementation does not appear to be a major causal factor for the development of T2DM in humans though we cannot currently exclude a small contribution of selenium on top of other risk factors, in particular if it is ingested at high (supranutritional) doses. Elevated selenium biomarkers that are often measured in T2DM patients are more likely to be a consequence, rather than a cause, of diabetes.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Selenium/metabolism ; Selenoproteins
    Chemical Substances Selenoproteins ; Selenium (H6241UJ22B)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2701011-9
    ISSN 2213-2317 ; 2213-2317
    ISSN (online) 2213-2317
    ISSN 2213-2317
    DOI 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102236
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The relevance of selenium to viral disease with special reference to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.

    Rayman, Margaret P / Taylor, Ethan Will / Zhang, Jinsong

    The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society

    2022  Volume 82, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–12

    Abstract: In this review, the relevance of selenium (Se) to viral disease will be discussed paying particular attention to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Se, the active centre in selenoproteins has ... ...

    Abstract In this review, the relevance of selenium (Se) to viral disease will be discussed paying particular attention to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Se, the active centre in selenoproteins has an ongoing history of reducing the incidence and severity of viral infections. Host Se deficiency increased the virulence of RNA viruses such as influenza A and coxsackievirus B3, the latter of which is implicated in the development of Keshan disease in north-east China. Significant clinical benefits of Se supplementation have been demonstrated in HIV-1, in liver cancer linked to hepatitis B, and in Chinese patients with hantavirus that was successfully treated with oral sodium selenite. China is of particular interest because it has populations that have both the lowest and the highest Se status in the world. We found a significant association between COVID-19 cure rate and background Se status in Chinese cities; the cure rate continued to rise beyond the Se intake required to optimise selenoproteins, suggesting an additional mechanism. Se status was significantly higher in serum samples from surviving than non-surviving COVID-19 patients. As regards mechanism, SARS-CoV-2 may interfere with the human selenoprotein system; selenoproteins are important in scavenging reactive oxygen species, controlling immunity, reducing inflammation, ferroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We found that SARS-CoV-2 significantly suppressed mRNA expression of
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Selenium/pharmacology ; Selenium/therapeutic use ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; COVID-19 ; Selenoproteins/genetics ; Selenoproteins/metabolism ; Virus Diseases
    Chemical Substances Selenium (H6241UJ22B) ; Selenoproteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 391142-1
    ISSN 1475-2719 ; 0029-6651
    ISSN (online) 1475-2719
    ISSN 0029-6651
    DOI 10.1017/S0029665122002646
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Dietary factors that affect the risk of pre-eclampsia.

    Perry, Abigail / Stephanou, Anna / Rayman, Margaret P

    BMJ nutrition, prevention & health

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 118–133

    Abstract: Pre-eclampsia affects 3%-5% of pregnant women worldwide and is associated with a range of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including maternal and/or fetal death. It particularly affects those with chronic hypertension, pregestational diabetes ... ...

    Abstract Pre-eclampsia affects 3%-5% of pregnant women worldwide and is associated with a range of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including maternal and/or fetal death. It particularly affects those with chronic hypertension, pregestational diabetes mellitus or a family history of pre-eclampsia. Other than early delivery of the fetus, there is no cure for pre-eclampsia. Since diet or dietary supplements may affect the risk, we have carried out an up-to-date, narrative literature review to assess the relationship between nutrition and pre-eclampsia. Several nutrients and dietary factors previously believed to be implicated in the risk of pre-eclampsia have now been shown to have no effect on risk; these include vitamins C and E, magnesium, salt, ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (fish oils) and zinc. Body mass index is proportionally correlated with pre-eclampsia risk, therefore women should aim for a healthy pre-pregnancy body weight and avoid excessive gestational and interpregnancy weight gain. The association between the risk and progression of the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia may explain the apparent benefit of dietary modifications resulting from increased consumption of fruits and vegetables (≥400 g/day), plant-based foods and vegetable oils and a limited intake of foods high in fat, sugar and salt. Consuming a high-fibre diet (25-30 g/day) may attenuate dyslipidaemia and reduce blood pressure and inflammation. Other key nutrients that may mitigate the risk include increased calcium intake, a daily multivitamin/mineral supplement and an adequate vitamin D status. For those with a low selenium intake (such as those living in Europe), fish/seafood intake could be increased to improve selenium intake or selenium could be supplemented in the recommended multivitamin/mineral supplement. Milk-based probiotics have also been found to be beneficial in pregnant women at risk. Our recommendations are summarised in a table of guidance for women at particular risk of developing pre-eclampsia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2516-5542
    ISSN (online) 2516-5542
    DOI 10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000399
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Multiple nutritional factors and thyroid disease, with particular reference to autoimmune thyroid disease

    Rayman, Margaret P

    Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2019 Feb., v. 78, no. 1

    2019  

    Abstract: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD) are examples of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), the commonest autoimmune condition. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO), the enzyme that catalyses thyroid-hormone production and antibodies to ... ...

    Abstract Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD) are examples of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), the commonest autoimmune condition. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO), the enzyme that catalyses thyroid-hormone production and antibodies to the receptor for the thyroid-stimulating hormone, are characteristic of HT and GD, respectively. It is presently accepted that genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, including nutritional factors and immune disorders contribute to the development of AITD. Aiming to investigate the effect of iodine, iron and selenium in the risk, pathogenesis and treatment of thyroid disease, PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant publications to provide a narrative review. Iodine: chronic exposure to excess iodine intake induces autoimmune thyroiditis, partly because highly-iodinated thyroglobulin (Tg) is more immunogenic. The recent introduction of universal salt iodisation can have a similar, although transient, effect. Iron: iron deficiency impairs thyroid metabolism. TPO is a haem enzyme that becomes active only after binding haem. AITD patients are frequently iron-deficient since autoimmune gastritis, which reduces iron absorption and coeliac disease which causes iron loss, are frequent co-morbidities. In two-thirds of women with persistent symptoms of hypothyroidism despite appropriate levothyroxine therapy, restoration of serum ferritin above 100 μg/l ameliorated symptoms. Selenium: selenoproteins are essential to thyroid action. In particular, the glutathione peroxidases remove excessive hydrogen peroxide produced there for the iodination of Tg to form thyroid hormones. There is evidence from observational studies and randomised controlled trials that selenium, probably as selenoproteins, can reduce TPO-antibody concentration, hypothyroidism and postpartum thyroiditis. Appropriate status of iodine, iron and selenium is crucial to thyroid health.
    Keywords antibodies ; blood serum ; catalytic activity ; celiac disease ; chronic exposure ; environmental factors ; ferritin ; gastritis ; glutathione peroxidase ; hydrogen peroxide ; hypothyroidism ; iodide peroxidase ; iodination ; iodine ; iron ; iron absorption ; L-thyroxine ; metabolism ; nutrient deficiencies ; nutrition risk assessment ; observational studies ; pathogenesis ; patients ; randomized clinical trials ; selenium ; selenoproteins ; therapeutics ; thyroglobulin ; thyrotropin ; women
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-02
    Size p. 34-44.
    Publishing place Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 391142-1
    ISSN 1475-2719 ; 0029-6651
    ISSN (online) 1475-2719
    ISSN 0029-6651
    DOI 10.1017/S0029665118001192
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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