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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Brachial Plexus Nerve Variations in Axilla by Ultrasonography.

Aksu, Hale / Özçelik, Murat / Kantarcı, Damla / Öçmen, Elvan / Kızıl, Ayşe S / Küçükgüçlü, Semih / Erdogan, Kubra

Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses

2024

Abstract: Purpose: The use of ultrasound in peripheral blocks has now become the gold standard. Ultrasound is a method that is easy to apply and most importantly does not carry any risk, and its only disadvantage is based on the skill and knowledge of the ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The use of ultrasound in peripheral blocks has now become the gold standard. Ultrasound is a method that is easy to apply and most importantly does not carry any risk, and its only disadvantage is based on the skill and knowledge of the practitioner. Injury to vascular structures, which is the most common occurrence in peripheral block applications, has been significantly reduced by the use of ultrasound. The aim of this study is to determine the location of nerve branches and to determine the most common anthropometric parameters in the axillary fossa. In this way, the common anatomy of the axillary BP will be determined and will guide the practitioners while performing the axillary plexus block. Design: Observational Clinical Study. Methods: The patients were positioned with forearm abducted 90 degrees and elbow flexed 90 degrees. Using a high-frequency linear ultrasound probe, it was placed on the lateral border of the pectoralis major muscle in the transverse plane. Pulsation of the axillary artery was visualized and shifted slowly to view the nerves around the artery. The axillary vein was also visualized to facilitate the movement of the transducer and to find the nerve localization more easily. The regions on the prepared wheel were marked. At the same time, demographic information such as gender, age, weight, and height of the patients were also recorded. Findings: 248 patients, 61.3% female and 38.7% male. Our results showed that only 59% were compatible with the most common nerve locations in cadaveric dissections and the locations described in anatomy textbooks. Conclusions: Since there are many anatomical variations, validation of nerves with a nerve stimulator as well as simultaneous visual application under ultrasound guidance will increase the success chance of axillary brachial plexus block and protect it from unwanted complications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1329844-6
ISSN	1532-8473 ; 0883-9433 ; 1089-9472
ISSN (online)	1532-8473
ISSN	0883-9433 ; 1089-9472
DOI	10.1016/j.jopan.2023.11.002
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Zs.A 2458: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Cystic fibrosis related bone disease in children: Can it be predicted?

Nayir Buyuksahin, Halime / Dogru, Deniz / Gözmen, Onur / Ozon, Alev / Portakal, Oytun / Emiralioglu, Nagehan / Haliloglu, Mithat / Kılıc, Kübra / Vardar Yaglı, Naciye / Yıldırım, Damla / Dag, Osman / Guzelkas, Ismail / Yalcın, Ebru / Ozcelik, Ugur / Kiper, Nural

Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

2023 Volume 42, Issue 9, Page(s) 1631–1636

Abstract: Background&aims: Cystic fibrosis (CF) -related bone disease (CFBD) is an important complication of CF, and low BMD in childhood is a precursor of CFBD. Here, we aimed to investigate bone turnover biomarkers, including osteocalcin (OC), receptor ... ...

Abstract	Background&aims: Cystic fibrosis (CF) -related bone disease (CFBD) is an important complication of CF, and low BMD in childhood is a precursor of CFBD. Here, we aimed to investigate bone turnover biomarkers, including osteocalcin (OC), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in relation to low BMD in children with CF (cwCF). We also evaluated factors which could affect bone turnover with particular emphasis on fat-free mass (FFM), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), hand grip strength (HGS), and functional capacity and physical activity. Methods: Sixteen cwCF aged 8-18 years with moderate low BMD (group1) and 64 cwCF with normal BMD (group2) were enrolled. Serum RANKL, OC, and OPG were determined by immunoenzymatic assays. Multiple parameters including pancreatic status, lung functions, body mass index (BMI), FFM measured by bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), 6-minute walk test, vitamin D, nutritional intake, HGS, functional capacity and physical activity, serum and urine biomarkers were compared between the two groups. Results: We found similar serum levels of RANKL (p = 0.501), OC (p = 0.445), OPG (p = 0.380), and RANKL/OPG ratio (p = 0.449) between group1 and group2 in cwCF. BMI z-score (p < 0.001), FFMI z-score (p < 0.001), FEV1 z-score (p = 0.007), and right-HGS (%pred) (p = 0.009) significantly differed between the two groups. Multivariate linear regression revealed that the only factors that predicted BMD were FFMI z-score and HGS %pred. Conclusion: Serum OC, OPG, RANKL and RANKL/OPG ratio did not predict BMD in cwCF. FFMI z-score and HGS %pred measured by non-invasive and practical methods were the best predictors of BMD.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Hand Strength ; Pancreas ; Body Mass Index ; Bone Diseases ; Osteocalcin
Chemical Substances	Osteocalcin (104982-03-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604812-2
ISSN	1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
ISSN (online)	1532-1983
ISSN	0261-5614
DOI	10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.015
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Levels and Abdominal Aortic Intima-Media Thickness in Infants of Smoker Mothers.

Ozcelik, Huseyin Samet / Arslan, Derya / Deniz, Cigdem Damla / Gunenc, Oguzhan / Vatansev, Husamettin / Uysal, Celil

American journal of perinatology

2020 Volume 38, Issue 14, Page(s) 1494–1499

Abstract: Objective: Smoking during pregnancy has harmful effects on the fetus and infant. Although some studies suggest that exposure to fetal-maternal smoking adversely affects both fetal growth and cardiovascular development, the mechanisms and biochemical ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Smoking during pregnancy has harmful effects on the fetus and infant. Although some studies suggest that exposure to fetal-maternal smoking adversely affects both fetal growth and cardiovascular development, the mechanisms and biochemical consequences of smoking in pregnancy and newborns are not yet fully understood. We aimed to investigate whether maternal smoking during pregnancy causes fetal cardiovascular effect by measuring serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level and abdominal aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT). Study design: This prospective study was conducted in newborns of smoking mothers and never-smoker control mothers during their pregnancies. The babies were evaluated echocardiographically on the first day following birth. In two-dimensional mode, abdominal aIMT measurements were performed. ADMA was measured in umbilical cord blood at birth. Results: There were 25 mothers in the study group and 25 mothers in the control group. Serum ADMA levels were 0.459 ± 0.119 μmol/L in the study group and 0.374 ± 0.1127 μmol/L in the control group ( Conclusion: We found that both the serum ADMA and the aIMT significantly increased in the group with newborns of smoker mothers compared with the group of the newborns of never-smoker mothers. It may also be suggested that exposure to fetal-maternal smoking adversely affects cardiovascular development. Key points: · It is a known fact that smoking during pregnancy has harmful effects on the development of the fetus and infant.. · We found that both the serum ADMA and aIMT were significantly higher in the group of infants of smoker mothers..
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aorta, Abdominal/anatomy & histology ; Aorta, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging ; Arginine/analogs & derivatives ; Arginine/blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Cigarette Smoking/adverse effects ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn/blood ; Male ; Maternal Exposure/adverse effects ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Smokers ; Tunica Intima/anatomy & histology ; Tunica Intima/diagnostic imaging
Chemical Substances	N,N-dimethylarginine (63CV1GEK3Y) ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605671-4
ISSN	1098-8785 ; 0735-1631
ISSN (online)	1098-8785
ISSN	0735-1631
DOI	10.1055/s-0040-1713816
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Zs.A 1929: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Cystic fibrosis related bone disease in children: can it be predicted?

Clinical Nutrition. 2023 July 17,

2023

Abstract: Cystic fibrosis (CF) -related bone disease (CFBD) is an important complication of CF, and low BMD in childhood is a precursor of CFBD. Here, we aimed to investigate bone turnover biomarkers, including osteocalcin (OC), receptor activator of nuclear ... ...

Abstract	Cystic fibrosis (CF) -related bone disease (CFBD) is an important complication of CF, and low BMD in childhood is a precursor of CFBD. Here, we aimed to investigate bone turnover biomarkers, including osteocalcin (OC), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in relation to low BMD in children with CF (cwCF). We also evaluated factors which could affect bone turnover with particular emphasis on free fat mass (FFM), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), hand grip strength (HGS), and functional capacity and physical activity. Sixteen cwCF aged 8-18 years with moderate low BMD (group1) and 64 cwCF with normal BMD (group2) were enrolled. Serum RANKL, OC, and OPG were determined by immunoenzymatic assays. Multiple parameters including pancreatic status, lung functions, body mass index (BMI), FFM measured by bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), 6‐minute walk test, vitamin D, nutritional intake, HGS, functional capacity and physical activity, serum and urine biomarkers were compared between the two groups. We found similar serum levels of RANKL (p=0.501), OC (p=0.445), OPG (p=0.380), and RANKL/OPG ratio (p=0.449) between group1 and group2 in cwCF. BMI z-score (p<0.001), FFMI z-score (p<0.001), FEV1 z-score (p=0.007), and right-HGS (%pred) (p=0.009) significantly differed between the two groups. Multivariate linear regression revealed that the only factors that predicted BMD were FFMI z-score and HGS %pred. Serum OC, OPG, RANKL and RANKL/OPG ratio did not predict BMD in cwCF. FFMI z-score and HGS %pred measured by non-invasive and practical methods were the best predictors of BMD.
Keywords	bioelectrical impedance ; biomarkers ; blood serum ; body mass index ; bone metabolism ; childhood ; clinical nutrition ; cystic fibrosis ; hand strength ; ligands ; lungs ; osteocalcin ; physical activity ; regression analysis ; transcription factor NF-kappa B ; urine ; children ; BMD ; OPG/RANKL ratio ; fat-free mass ; hand grip strength
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0717
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	604812-2
ISSN	1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
ISSN (online)	1532-1983
ISSN	0261-5614
DOI	10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.015
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Zs.A 1774: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Clinical implications of fungal isolation from sputum in adult patients with cystic fibrosis

Irmak, İlim / Damadoğlu, Ebru / Karadeniz Güven, Damla / Hüseynova, Xursud / İnkaya, Ahmet Çağkan / Er, Berrin / Sığ, Ali Korhan / Gülmez, Dolunay / Arıkan-Akdağlı, Sevtap / Ademhan Tural, Dilber / Doğru Ersöz, Deniz / Özçelik, Hayriye Uğur / Kiper, Emine Nural / Kalyoncu, Ali Fuat

Turkish journal of medical sciences

2021 Volume 51, Issue 3, Page(s) 1191–1200

Abstract: Background/aim: Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease with a defect in mucociliary activity that is characterized by recurrent pulmonary infections. Bacterial agents frequently implicated in airway colonization are Haemophilus influenzae, ... ...

Abstract	Background/aim: Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease with a defect in mucociliary activity that is characterized by recurrent pulmonary infections. Bacterial agents frequently implicated in airway colonization are Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus spp., and Pseudomonas spp. Fungal isolation from sputum is common in adults. However, growth of fungal agent only in sputum culture in patients with cystic fibrosis is insufficient for the diagnosis of fungal diseases. There is limited data about the clinical significance of fungal isolation in sputum cultures. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical outcomes andsignificance of fungal isolation from sputum samples in adult CF. Materials and methods: This retrospective study included patients who have been admitted between October 2017 and January 2019 in an adult cystic fibrosis unit. Patients were grouped according to fungal pathogenicity as; fungal disease group, colonization group, and nonisolated group. The data of the last one year, including demographics, clinical data, laboratory, treatment modalities, results of cultured bacteria and fungus from sputum samples, respiratory function parameters, frequency of exacerbation, and hospitalizationwere compared between groups. Results: A total of 330 sputum samples from 88 adult patients with CF were collected. Patients were divided into 3 groups, the fungal disease group (n = 10, 11.4%), colonization group (n = 49, 55.7%), and nonisolated group (n = 29, 32.9%). Presence of pulmonary exacerbation, number of admissions to emergency department, and the number of positive cultures for bacteria from sputum were higher in the fungal disease group (p = 0.03, p = 0.01 and p < 0.001). The fungal disease group had higher rate of antibiotics by parenteral routethan other groups (p = 0.001) whereas lung functions were similar. Use of nutritional supplementation and parenteral antibiotherapy were the factors associated with elevated risk of fungal isolation. Conclusion: Frequent use of parenteral antibiotics and use of nutritional supplementation were found to be independent risk factors for fungal isolation from sputum in adult CF.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacteria ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Fungi ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Sputum
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-28
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1183461-4
ISSN	1303-6165 ; 1300-0144
ISSN (online)	1303-6165
ISSN	1300-0144
DOI	10.3906/sag-2006-94
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Zs.A 3242: Show issues

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Article: Evaluation of Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Levels and Abdominal Aortic Intima-Media Thickness in Infants of Smoker Mothers

Ozcelik, Huseyin Samet / Arslan, Derya / Deniz, Cigdem Damla / Gunenc, Oguzhan / Vatansev, Husamettin / Uysal, Celil

American Journal of Perinatology

2020 Volume 38, Issue 14, Page(s) 1494–1499

Abstract: Objective: Smoking during pregnancy has harmful effects on the fetus and infant. Although some studies suggest that exposure to fetal–maternal smoking adversely affects both fetal growth and cardiovascular development, the mechanisms and biochemical ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Smoking during pregnancy has harmful effects on the fetus and infant. Although some studies suggest that exposure to fetal–maternal smoking adversely affects both fetal growth and cardiovascular development, the mechanisms and biochemical consequences of smoking in pregnancy and newborns are not yet fully understood. We aimed to investigate whether maternal smoking during pregnancy causes fetal cardiovascular effect by measuring serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level and abdominal aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT). Study Design: This prospective study was conducted in newborns of smoking mothers and never-smoker control mothers during their pregnancies. The babies were evaluated echocardiographically on the first day following birth. In two-dimensional mode, abdominal aIMT measurements were performed. ADMA was measured in umbilical cord blood at birth. Results: There were 25 mothers in the study group and 25 mothers in the control group. Serum ADMA levels were 0.459 ± 0.119 μmol/L in the study group and 0.374 ± 0.1127 μmol/L in the control group ( p = 0.034). The aIMT value in the study group was 0.84 ± 0.026 mm and the aIMT value in the control group was 0.63 ± 0.011 mm ( p = 0.005). Conclusion: We found that both the serum ADMA and the aIMT significantly increased in the group with newborns of smoker mothers compared with the group of the newborns of never-smoker mothers. It may also be suggested that exposure to fetal–maternal smoking adversely affects cardiovascular development. Key Points: It is a known fact that smoking during pregnancy has harmful effects on the development of the fetus and infant. We found that both the serum ADMA and aIMT were significantly higher in the group of infants of smoker mothers.
Keywords	ADMA ; pregnancy ; smoking ; newborn ; abdominal aortic intima-media thickness
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-19
Publisher	Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	605671-4
ISSN	1098-8785 ; 0735-1631
ISSN (online)	1098-8785
ISSN	0735-1631
DOI	10.1055/s-0040-1713816
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article: Improved environmental stability for plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition SiO

Wall, Thomas A / Chu, Roger P / Parks, Joshua W / Ozcelik, Damla / Schmidt, Holger / Hawkins, Aaron R

Optical engineering (Redondo Beach, Calif.)

2016 Volume 55, Issue 4

Abstract: Ridge and buried channel waveguides (BCWs) made using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition ... ...

Abstract	Ridge and buried channel waveguides (BCWs) made using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition SiO
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0091-3286
ISSN	0091-3286
DOI	10.1117/1.OE.55.4.040501
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Article ; Online: Perceived Need for Mental Health Services Among Healthcare Workers During the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic in Turkey: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study

Sandal, Abdulsamet / Karadoğan, Dilek / Telatar, Tahsin Gökhan / Kotan, Abdurrahman / Bilgin Konyalıhatipoğlu, Esin / Yumrukuz Şenel, Merve / Karadeniz Güven, Damla / Hüseynova, Khurshud / Yalçın, Burcu / Asfuroğlu, Pelin / Ramaslı Gürsoy, Tuğba / Şişmanlar Eyüboğlu, Tuğba / Karakaş, Fatma Gülsüm / Köse, Neslihan / Kara, Kaan / Çelik, Selman / İlgar, Ceren / Yüksel, Aycan / Güner Zırıh, Neşe Merve /

Selimoğlu, İnci / Gülhan, Pınar Yıldız / Erçelik, Merve / Cerit Çakır, Ahu / Çetin, Nazlı / Kaya, İlknur / Karaoğlanoğlu, Selen / Marım, Feride / Özden Sertçelik, Ümran / Uyar Er, Kübra / Özçelik, Neslihan / Ataoğlu, Özlem / Gültekin, Ökkeş / Er, Aslıhan Banu / Akgün, Metin

Balkan medical journal

2023 Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 262–270

Abstract: Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic has contributed to work-related psychosocial risks in healthcare workers.: Aims: To evaluate the perceived need for mental health services and related factors in Turkish healthcare workers practicing ... ...

Abstract	Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic has contributed to work-related psychosocial risks in healthcare workers. Aims: To evaluate the perceived need for mental health services and related factors in Turkish healthcare workers practicing in pandemic hospitals. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected from face-to-face interviews with healthcare workers at 19 pandemic hospitals in 13 provinces between September and November 2021. The study survey included the evaluation of the perceived need for and utilization of mental health services in the previous year, as well as sociodemographic, health-related, and work-related characteristics, the General Health Questionnaire-12, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQoL-BREF) questionnaire, and the Fear of coronavirus disease-2019 scale (FCV-19S). Results: Of 1,556 participants, 522 (33.5%) reported a perceived need for mental health services, but only 133 (8.5%) reported receiving these services. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the perceived need for mental health services revealed significant relationships with lower age, female sex, being a current smoker, having a chronic disease, having a mental disorder, coronavirus disease-2019 contact within the last three months in settings other than the home or workplace, a positive coronavirus disease-2019 vaccination history, being a physician, being a non-physician healthcare professional, and coronavirus disease-2019 contact within the last three months at work. After adjustment for these characteristics, higher General Health Questionnaire-12 and FCV-19S scores and lower WHOQoL-BREF domain scores were related to the perceived need for mental health services in logistic regression analyses. Conclusion: The findings indicate a substantial need for mental health services amongst Turkish healthcare workers during the pandemic and outline participants’ characteristics regarding high-priority groups for the intervention. Future research may focus on developing actions and evaluating their efficiency.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; COVID-19 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Pandemics ; Turkey/epidemiology ; Quality of Life ; Health Personnel/psychology ; Mental Health Services
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-19
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2612982-6
ISSN	2146-3131 ; 2146-3131
ISSN (online)	2146-3131
ISSN	2146-3131
DOI	10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2023.2022-12-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Optofluidic bioanalysis: fundamentals and applications.

Ozcelik, Damla / Cai, Hong / Leake, Kaelyn D / Hawkins, Aaron R / Schmidt, Holger

Nanophotonics

2017 Volume 6, Issue 4, Page(s) 647–661

Abstract: Over the past decade, optofluidics has established itself as a new and dynamic research field for exciting developments at the interface of photonics, microfluidics, and the life sciences. The strong desire for developing miniaturized bioanalytic devices ...

Abstract	Over the past decade, optofluidics has established itself as a new and dynamic research field for exciting developments at the interface of photonics, microfluidics, and the life sciences. The strong desire for developing miniaturized bioanalytic devices and instruments, in particular, has led to novel and powerful approaches to integrating optical elements and biological fluids on the same chip-scale system. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in optofluidic research with emphasis on applications in bioanalysis and a focus on waveguide-based approaches that represent the most advanced level of integration between optics and fluidics. We discuss recent work in photonically reconfigurable devices and various application areas. We show how optofluidic approaches have been pushing the performance limits in bioanalysis, e.g. in terms of sensitivity and portability, satisfying many of the key requirements for point-of-care devices. This illustrates how the requirements for bianalysis instruments are increasingly being met by the symbiotic integration of novel photonic capabilities in a miniaturized system.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-16
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2674162-3
ISSN	2192-8614 ; 2192-8606
ISSN (online)	2192-8614
ISSN	2192-8606
DOI	10.1515/nanoph-2016-0156
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Article ; Online: An Evaluation of Adults' Water and Fluid Consumption

Hülya Yardimci / Yahya Özdoğan / Esma Asil / Eylül Damla Hovland / Ayşe Özfer Özçelik

Online Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, Vol 15, Iss

2016 Volume 3

Abstract: Aim: This study was aimed to determine the daily water and fluid consumption of health professionals. Methods: The sample included 313 subjects (female: 222, male: 91) between 22 and 49 years of age. The questionnaire solicited demographic information ... ...

Abstract	Aim: This study was aimed to determine the daily water and fluid consumption of health professionals. Methods: The sample included 313 subjects (female: 222, male: 91) between 22 and 49 years of age. The questionnaire solicited demographic information from the participants and asked about their fluid consumption and its frequency. The principal variable was gender. To analyze the data statistically, tables of means, standard deviations (X±SD) and percentage (%) values were used. When identifying the fluid intake of healthcare staff, the independent t test was used to account for gender. Results: The fluid consumption of the participants was examined, and the average was 2,262.6±845.2 mL. The mean consumption of water was 1,404.0±719.8 mL. Other significant fluid intake included black tea at 314.4±147.9 mL, instant coffee at 160.5±52.2 mL, milk/ayran/kefir at 157.7±134.8 mL, soft drinks at 61.6±104.7 mL and fruit juice at 72.5±103.9 mL. It was also found that the gender differences in total fluid and soft drink consumption were statistically significant (p<.05), while the consumption of other drinks did not vary significantly by gender (p>.05). Conclusion: To precisely determine water and fluid intake, studies should be planned and conducted with large samples using standardized assessment tools.
Keywords	Health professional ; fluid ; water ; consumption ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Light House Polyclinic Mangalore
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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