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Article ; Online: Domestic Dogs and Horses as Sentinels of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure and Associated Health Biomarkers in Gray's Creek North Carolina.

Rock, Kylie D / Polera, Madison E / Guillette, Theresa C / Starnes, Hannah M / Dean, Kentley / Watters, Mike / Stevens-Stewart, Debra / Belcher, Scott M

Environmental science & technology

2023 Volume 57, Issue 26, Page(s) 9567–9579

Abstract: Central North Carolina (NC) is highly contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS ...

Abstract	Central North Carolina (NC) is highly contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), in part due to local fluorochemical production. Little is known about the exposure profiles and long-term health impacts for humans and animals that live in nearby communities. In this study, serum PFAS concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry and diagnostic clinical chemistry endpoints were assessed for 31 dogs and 32 horses that reside in Gray's Creek NC at households with documented PFAS contamination in their drinking water. PFAS were detected in every sample, with 12 of the 20 PFAS detected in ≥50% of samples from each species. The average total PFAS concentrations in horses were lower compared to dogs who had higher concentrations of PFOS (dogs 2.9 ng/mL; horses 1.8 ng/mL), PFHxS (dogs 1.43 ng/mL, horses < LOD), and PFOA (dogs 0.37 ng/mL; horses 0.10 ng/mL). Regression analysis highlighted alkaline phosphatase, glucose, and globulin proteins in dogs and gamma glutamyl transferase in horses as potential biomarkers associated with PFAS exposure. Overall, the results of this study support the utility of companion animal and livestock species as sentinels of PFAS exposure differences inside and outside of the home. As in humans, renal and hepatic health in domestic animals may be sensitive to long-term PFAS exposures.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Dogs ; Horses ; Animals ; North Carolina ; Fluorocarbons/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Drinking Water/analysis ; Drinking Water/chemistry ; Biomarkers ; Alkanesulfonic Acids/analysis ; Environmental Pollutants/analysis
Chemical Substances	Fluorocarbons ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Drinking Water ; Biomarkers ; Alkanesulfonic Acids ; Environmental Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ISSN	1520-5851
ISSN (online)	1520-5851
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.3c01146
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Auricular manifestation of Mpox (monkeypox).

Williams, George / Watters, Carolina / Watson, Natalie

BMJ case reports

2023 Volume 16, Issue 1

Abstract: This case discusses a man in his 20s, referred to the ear, nose and throat department with a suspected ear lobe abscess. He presented with a 5-day history of worsening ear pain, fevers and localised papules. An in-depth history showed a relevant sexual ... ...

Abstract	This case discusses a man in his 20s, referred to the ear, nose and throat department with a suspected ear lobe abscess. He presented with a 5-day history of worsening ear pain, fevers and localised papules. An in-depth history showed a relevant sexual health history and medical history. Initial investigations shone no light on the cause of the infection. A second presentation with further generalised symptoms, including further outbreaks of pustules, led to PCR testing, confirming the presence of mpox (monkeypox) virus. He was admitted to the infectious disease ward where he made a good recovery and was supported until discharge.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Mpox (monkeypox) ; Pharynx ; Nose ; Neck ; Disease Outbreaks
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2022-252931
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Article: A real ball ache: a case report of acute pancreatitis with an unusual sequelae of events.

Brar, Sabrina / Watters, Carolina

Journal of surgical case reports

2020 Volume 2020, Issue 7, Page(s) rjaa199

Abstract: Acute pancreatitis may present with a myriad of clinical and radiological manifestations. Assessment of the severity and prognosis of the disease is often based on clinical features, laboratory analysis and computer tomography (CT) scans; however, the ... ...

Abstract	Acute pancreatitis may present with a myriad of clinical and radiological manifestations. Assessment of the severity and prognosis of the disease is often based on clinical features, laboratory analysis and computer tomography (CT) scans; however, the predictive value of CT is not 100% accurate. We report herein a case with an especially rare sequence of clinical events, manifesting as a septic fluid collection within the inguinal canal that was misdiagnosed as an inguinal hernia on CT imaging. The patient underwent surgical drainage and an orchidectomy to treat the infection. This case illustrates the complexity and severity of acute pancreatitis as well as the challenges in interpreting and relying on diagnostic radiological data.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2042-8812
ISSN	2042-8812
DOI	10.1093/jscr/rjaa199
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Article: Ear, nose and throat (ENT) manifestations and complications of reflux.

Brar, Sabrina / Watters, Carolina / Watson, Natalie / Birchall, Martin / Karagama, Yakubu

Frontline gastroenterology

2022 Volume 13, Issue e1, Page(s) e57–e64

Abstract: Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease describes the backflow of acidic stomach content towards the larynx and is associated with symptoms such as cough, throat clearing and globus. It is a common presentation in primary care and the sequelae of symptoms that ... ...

Abstract	Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease describes the backflow of acidic stomach content towards the larynx and is associated with symptoms such as cough, throat clearing and globus. It is a common presentation in primary care and the sequelae of symptoms that arise from the disease often present in ear, nose and throat clinics. Assessment and examination of patients presenting with reflux symptoms includes questionnaires, as well as direct visualisation of the pharynx and larynx, and takes a multidisciplinary team approach. Treatment options include lifestyle modification, medical therapy and in some specialist centres, surgical management to address the multitude of symptoms associated with the disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2521857-8
ISSN	2041-4137
ISSN	2041-4137
DOI	10.1136/flgastro-2022-102184
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Article ; Online: Evaluating threats to South Shetland Antarctic fur seals amidst population collapse

Krause, Douglas J. / Brownell, Robert L., Jr / Bonin, Carolina A. / Woodman, Samuel M. / Shaftel, Douglas / Watters, George M.

Mammal Review. 2024 Jan., v. 54, no. 1 p.30-46

2024

Abstract: Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) are an iconic marine mammal, an important component of Antarctic ecosystems, and a key indicator species for regional fisheries management. Recent studies have demonstrated Arctocephalus gazella is composed of ... ...

Abstract	Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) are an iconic marine mammal, an important component of Antarctic ecosystems, and a key indicator species for regional fisheries management. Recent studies have demonstrated Arctocephalus gazella is composed of at least four distinct subpopulations, including one breeding on the South Shetland Islands. These South Shetland Antarctic fur seals (SSAFS) are the highest latitude population of otariids in the world. As such, this subpopulation faces a unique array of environmental and ecological challenges, harbours a disproportionately large reservoir of genetic diversity for the species, and has experienced catastrophic population decline in the last 15 years (2008–2023). We review the array of current and potential threats to the successful recovery of SSAFS. If decision makers wish to promote resilience and support a robust population of this species with future recovery potential, actions are needed to address threats ranging from uncertain to critical, including debris entanglement, climate change, incidental mortality, and resource competition with the krill fishery. In particular, the risks associated with overlap in the spatial and temporal distribution of the young of the year and the krill fishery should be addressed carefully. There is an urgent need for updated population estimates for all Antarctic fur seal subpopulations, analysis on the population viability of the SSAFS, and further characterising summer and winter foraging behaviours to better inform potential conservation actions.
Keywords	Arctocephalus gazella ; climate change ; fisheries ; fur ; genetic variation ; indicator species ; krill ; latitude ; marine mammals ; mortality ; population dynamics ; population viability ; summer ; young of the year ; Antarctic region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2024-01
Size	p. 30-46.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	REVIEW
ZDB-ID	2020637-9
ISSN	1365-2907 ; 0305-1838
ISSN (online)	1365-2907
ISSN	0305-1838
DOI	10.1111/mam.12327
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Laryngeal mucous membrane pemphigoid: transnasal laryngoscopy to highlight a severe case.

Watters, Carolina Tania Maria / Miller, Benjamin / Karagama, Yakubu

BMJ case reports

2020 Volume 13, Issue 12

MeSH term(s)	Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Dapsone/therapeutic use ; Dysphonia/physiopathology ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Laryngeal Diseases/drug therapy ; Laryngeal Diseases/pathology ; Laryngocele/diagnostic imaging ; Laryngocele/physiopathology ; Laryngoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycophenolic Acid/therapeutic use ; Nasopharyngeal Diseases/drug therapy ; Nasopharyngeal Diseases/pathology ; Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane/drug therapy ; Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane/pathology ; Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane/physiopathology ; Pharyngitis/physiopathology ; Rituximab/therapeutic use ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Chemical Substances	Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Immunologic Factors ; Rituximab (4F4X42SYQ6) ; Dapsone (8W5C518302) ; Mycophenolic Acid (HU9DX48N0T)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2020-239298
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Article ; Online: Outcomes of tympanoplasty in a low resource setting: Our experience in 429 ears in Cambodia.

Bowers, Patrick / Watters, Carolina / Sokdavy, Touch / Graydon, Kelley / Waterworth, Chris / Bhutta, Mahmood F

Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery

2021 Volume 46, Issue 4, Page(s) 883–887

MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Cambodia ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative/surgery ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Tympanoplasty
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2205891-6
ISSN	1749-4486 ; 1749-4478 ; 0307-7772 ; 1365-2273
ISSN (online)	1749-4486
ISSN	1749-4478 ; 0307-7772 ; 1365-2273
DOI	10.1111/coa.13744
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Zs.A 1309: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Virtual voice clinics in the COVID-19 era: have they been helpful?

Watters, Carolina / Miller, Benjamin / Kelly, Mairead / Burnay, Victoria / Karagama, Yakubu / Chevretton, Elfy

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

2021 Volume 278, Issue 10, Page(s) 4113–4118

Abstract: Purpose: In response to the coronavirus pandemic, a tertiary combined Laryngology-Speech Therapy voice clinic was converted to a wholly virtual clinic, with consultations carried out via telephone or video. The aim of our mixed method study was to ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: In response to the coronavirus pandemic, a tertiary combined Laryngology-Speech Therapy voice clinic was converted to a wholly virtual clinic, with consultations carried out via telephone or video. The aim of our mixed method study was to assess (a) how effective are virtual clinics vs face-to-face clinics in progressing patients' care and (b) what is patient satisfaction with virtual consultation methods. Methods: Analysis of clinic data from patient databases for both virtual and face-to-face clinics was carried out. A patient satisfaction survey was carried out by 75 of the patients who had attended virtual clinics. Results: There was statistically a significant difference (p value < 0.01) in the proportion of patients prescribed medical therapy, referred for Speech and Language Therapy (SALT) or listed for surgery in the virtual clinic by comparison to the face-to-face clinic. 75 patients completed the questionnaire. 98% of patients were satisfied overall with the virtual method of consultation. 84% believed they would still benefit from face-to-face review. 83% would like the option of a virtual type of clinic in the future. Conclusion: Our data clearly demonstrates that face-to-face clinics are superior to virtual clinics, with almost no patients progressed to surgery in virtual consultations. Despite this, virtual methods are still valuable, and many patients have meaningful progression of care. In current circumstances, patients have very high satisfaction with virtual consultations and certain groups have been identified as particularly benefiting. Going forward, an ideal clinic may be a hybrid of face-to-face and virtual appointments as clinically indicated.
MeSH term(s)	Ambulatory Care Facilities ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Referral and Consultation ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-24
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1017359-6
ISSN	1434-4726 ; 0937-4477
ISSN (online)	1434-4726
ISSN	0937-4477
DOI	10.1007/s00405-021-06643-6
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Ul II Zs.50: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Rapid Population Collapse of a Key Marine Predator in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula Endangers Genetic Diversity and Resilience to Climate Change

Douglas J. Krause / Carolina A. Bonin / Michael E. Goebel / Christian S. Reiss / George M. Watters

Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol

2022 Volume 8

Abstract: Antarctic fur seals (AFS) are an ecologically important predator and a focal indicator species for ecosystem-based Antarctic fisheries management. This species suffered intensive anthropogenic exploitation until the early 1900s, but recolonized most of ... ...

Abstract	Antarctic fur seals (AFS) are an ecologically important predator and a focal indicator species for ecosystem-based Antarctic fisheries management. This species suffered intensive anthropogenic exploitation until the early 1900s, but recolonized most of its former distribution, including the southern-most colony at Cape Shirreff, South Shetland Islands (SSI). The IUCN describes a single, global AFS population of least concern; however, extensive genetic analyses clearly identify four distinct breeding stocks, including one in the SSI. To update the population status of SSI AFS, we analyzed 20 years of field-based data including population counts, body size and condition, natality, recruitment, foraging behaviors, return rates, and pup mortality at the largest SSI colony. Our findings show a precipitous decline in AFS abundance (86% decrease since 2007), likely driven by leopard seal predation (increasing since 2001, p << 0.001) and potentially worsening summer foraging conditions. We estimated that leopard seals consumed an average of 69.3% (range: 50.3–80.9%) of all AFS pups born each year since 2010. AFS foraging-trip durations, an index of their foraging habitat quality, were consistent with decreasing krill and fish availability. Significant improvement in the age-specific over-winter body condition of AFS indicates that observed population declines are driven by processes local to the northern Antarctic Peninsula. The loss of SSI AFS would substantially reduce the genetic diversity of the species, and decrease its resilience to climate change. There is an urgent need to reevaluate the conservation status of Antarctic fur seals, particularly for the rapidly declining SSI population.
Keywords	Antarctic fur seal ; conservation status ; South Shetland Islands ; top-down and bottom-up control ; edge population ; Arctocephalus gazella ; Science ; Q ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
Subject code	333 ; 590
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Development of a Machine Learning Model for Sonographic Assessment of Gestational Age.

Lee, Chace / Willis, Angelica / Chen, Christina / Sieniek, Marcin / Watters, Amber / Stetson, Bethany / Uddin, Akib / Wong, Jonny / Pilgrim, Rory / Chou, Katherine / Tse, Daniel / Shetty, Shravya / Gomes, Ryan G

JAMA network open

2023 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) e2248685

Abstract: ... Initiative (FAMLI) cohort, which included participants from 2 study sites at Chapel Hill, North Carolina ...

Abstract	Importance: Fetal ultrasonography is essential for confirmation of gestational age (GA), and accurate GA assessment is important for providing appropriate care throughout pregnancy and for identifying complications, including fetal growth disorders. Derivation of GA from manual fetal biometry measurements (ie, head, abdomen, and femur) is operator dependent and time-consuming. Objective: To develop artificial intelligence (AI) models to estimate GA with higher accuracy and reliability, leveraging standard biometry images and fly-to ultrasonography videos. Design, setting, and participants: To improve GA estimates, this diagnostic study used AI to interpret standard plane ultrasonography images and fly-to ultrasonography videos, which are 5- to 10-second videos that can be automatically recorded as part of the standard of care before the still image is captured. Three AI models were developed and validated: (1) an image model using standard plane images, (2) a video model using fly-to videos, and (3) an ensemble model (combining both image and video models). The models were trained and evaluated on data from the Fetal Age Machine Learning Initiative (FAMLI) cohort, which included participants from 2 study sites at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (US), and Lusaka, Zambia. Participants were eligible to be part of this study if they received routine antenatal care at 1 of these sites, were aged 18 years or older, had a viable intrauterine singleton pregnancy, and could provide written consent. They were not eligible if they had known uterine or fetal abnormality, or had any other conditions that would make participation unsafe or complicate interpretation. Data analysis was performed from January to July 2022. Main outcomes and measures: The primary analysis outcome for GA was the mean difference in absolute error between the GA model estimate and the clinical standard estimate, with the ground truth GA extrapolated from the initial GA estimated at an initial examination. Results: Of the total cohort of 3842 participants, data were calculated for a test set of 404 participants with a mean (SD) age of 28.8 (5.6) years at enrollment. All models were statistically superior to standard fetal biometry-based GA estimates derived from images captured by expert sonographers. The ensemble model had the lowest mean absolute error compared with the clinical standard fetal biometry (mean [SD] difference, -1.51 [3.96] days; 95% CI, -1.90 to -1.10 days). All 3 models outperformed standard biometry by a more substantial margin on fetuses that were predicted to be small for their GA. Conclusions and relevance: These findings suggest that AI models have the potential to empower trained operators to estimate GA with higher accuracy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Reproducibility of Results ; Artificial Intelligence ; Zambia ; Ultrasonography ; Machine Learning
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.48685
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