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Article ; Online: Antiretroviral Treatment-Induced Galectin-9 Might Impact HIV Viremia in Addition to Contributing to Inflammaging.

Shete, Ashwini / Wagh, Vaishnav / Sawant, Jyoti / Shidhaye, Pallavi / Sane, Suvarna / Rao, Amrita / Kulkarni, Smita / Ghate, Manisha

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 15

Abstract: Background: Galectin-9 induces HIV reactivation and also contributes to non-AIDS events through inflammaging. Hence, it is important to assess its levels in HIV-infected individuals to determine their association with HIV viremia and other comorbidities. ...

Abstract	Background: Galectin-9 induces HIV reactivation and also contributes to non-AIDS events through inflammaging. Hence, it is important to assess its levels in HIV-infected individuals to determine their association with HIV viremia and other comorbidities. Methods: Plasma galectin-9 levels were estimated in viremic Result: Plasma galectin-9 levels correlated positively with VL (r = 0.507, Conclusion: The galectin-9-to-CD4 count ratio indicated the potential of galectin-9 as a cheaper monitoring tool to detect HIV viremia. Strategies for countering the effects of galectin-9 for controlling HIV viremia and non-AIDS events are urgently warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Viremia/drug therapy ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Viral Load ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anti-Retroviral Agents ; Anti-HIV Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms241512273
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Antiretroviral Treatment-Induced Galectin-9 Might Impact HIV Viremia in Addition to Contributing to Inflammaging

Ashwini Shete / Vaishnav Wagh / Jyoti Sawant / Pallavi Shidhaye / Suvarna Sane / Amrita Rao / Smita Kulkarni / Manisha Ghate

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 12273, p

2023 Volume 12273

Abstract	Background: Galectin-9 induces HIV reactivation and also contributes to non-AIDS events through inflammaging. Hence, it is important to assess its levels in HIV-infected individuals to determine their association with HIV viremia and other comorbidities. Methods: Plasma galectin-9 levels were estimated in viremic (n = 152) and aviremic ( n = 395) individuals on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). They were assessed for correlation with HIV-1 viral load (VL), CD4 count, and ART duration, as well as for receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Result: Plasma galectin-9 levels correlated positively with VL (r = 0.507, p < 0.0001) and ART duration (r = 0.308, p = 0.002) and negatively with CD4 count (r = −0.186, p < 0.0001). Area under the curve for galectin-9/CD4 count ratio for identifying viremic individuals was 0.906. Sensitivity and specificity of the ratio at a cutoff of 14.47 were 90.13% and 70.05%, respectively, for detecting viremic individuals. Further, galectin-9 levels correlated with cystatin C (r = 0.239, p = 0.0183), IL-18 (r = 0.311, p = 0.006), and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.220, p = 0.0355). Galectin-9-induced HIV reactivation was significantly lower in individuals on long-term ART than those on short-term ART. Conclusion: The galectin-9-to-CD4 count ratio indicated the potential of galectin-9 as a cheaper monitoring tool to detect HIV viremia. Strategies for countering the effects of galectin-9 for controlling HIV viremia and non-AIDS events are urgently warranted.
Keywords	Galectin-9 ; cystatin C ; antiretroviral therapy ; HIV viremia ; inflammaging ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Poultry value chain: an effectual means for empowering farm women in Thane District of Maharashtra

Pawara, Ashwini / Bhanotra, Adhiti / Sawant, Manish / Ghatare, Akshay

2020, v. 56, no. 2

2020

Abstract: A study was conducted on 120 poultry farm women in Thane district of Maharashtra to find out their empowerment level in decision making, social empowerment, leadership development, economic and psychological empowerment. Farm women having minimum 2 ... ...

Abstract	A study was conducted on 120 poultry farm women in Thane district of Maharashtra to find out their empowerment level in decision making, social empowerment, leadership development, economic and psychological empowerment. Farm women having minimum 2 poultry birds with 1 to 3 years of experience were selected. Data were collected personally with the help of pre-tested structured interview schedule and analyzed with the help of frequency, mean, standard deviation, percentage and Cumulative square root technique (CSRT). Majority of the farm women had good social contact through society meetings. Majority of the farm women responded positively that training programmes on leadership helped them to build confidence and also helped them to be equally competitive and technically sound to manage and rear birds alone. Majority of the farm women stated that improvement in social status of family and among society due to their poultry farming capabilities was moderate.
Keywords	farms ; leadership ; leadership development ; poultry ; society ; socioeconomic status ; standard deviation ; supply chain ; India
Language	English
Size	p. 106-110.
Publishing place	The Indian Society of Extension Education
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ISSN	2454-552X
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Stand-off radiation detection techniques.

Sawant, Ashwini / Kwak, Donghyun / Lee, Ingeun / Chung, Moses / Choi, EunMi

The Review of scientific instruments

2020 Volume 91, Issue 7, Page(s) 71501

Abstract: Remote detection of radioactive materials is extremely challenging, yet it is important to realize the technique for safe usage of radioactive materials. Gamma rays are the most far distant penetrating photons that are involved with the radiation decay ... ...

Abstract	Remote detection of radioactive materials is extremely challenging, yet it is important to realize the technique for safe usage of radioactive materials. Gamma rays are the most far distant penetrating photons that are involved with the radiation decay process. Herein, we overview the gamma-ray detection techniques that are material-based and vacuum tube-based. A muon detector is also reviewed as a radioactive material imager. We overview versatile detectors that are currently being widely used and new concepts that may pave the way for promising remote detectability up to several kilometers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/1.5134088
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Article ; Online: Generation of E-band metasurface-based vortex beam with reduced divergence angle.

Chung, Hyeongju / Kim, Daeik / Sawant, Ashwini / Lee, Ingeun / Choi, Eunmi / Lee, Jongwon

Scientific reports

2020 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 8289

Abstract: Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have attracted considerable attention for the development of high-capacity wireless communication systems due to their infinite sets of orthogonal modes. However, the practical applications of Laguerre- ...

Abstract	Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have attracted considerable attention for the development of high-capacity wireless communication systems due to their infinite sets of orthogonal modes. However, the practical applications of Laguerre-Gaussian type vortex beams are limited due to the fact that the divergence angle increases as the order of the OAM mode increases. In this work, we present metasurfaces that generate vortex beams carrying OAM modes with reduced divergence angles in the E-band frequency range. The metasurfaces were designed using eight different meta-atom phase elements, including a spiral phase distribution for OAM modes l = 1 and 2, a phase gradient array to avoid interference with the source beam, and a lens pattern array to reduce the divergence angle. Through simulation and experimental measurement, it was confirmed that the divergence angle of the vortex beam generated by the metasurface with the lens pattern was reduced from 13° to 9° and 14° to 11° for OAM modes l = 1 and 2, respectively, in comparison with the metasurface without the lens pattern. Our results provide new design methods for various applications based on OAM multiplexing especially in high frequency E-band range.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-65230-7
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Article ; Online: Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) of Rotating Modes Driven by Electrons in Electron Cyclotron Masers.

Sawant, Ashwini / Choe, Mun Seok / Thumm, Manfred / Choi, EunMi

Scientific reports

2017 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 3372

Abstract: The well-defined orbital angular momentum (OAM) of rotating cavity modes operating near the cutoff frequency excited by gyrating electrons in a high-power electron cyclotron maser (ECM)-a gyrotron-has been derived by photonic and electromagnetic wave ... ...

Abstract	The well-defined orbital angular momentum (OAM) of rotating cavity modes operating near the cutoff frequency excited by gyrating electrons in a high-power electron cyclotron maser (ECM)-a gyrotron-has been derived by photonic and electromagnetic wave approaches. A mode generator was built with a high-precision 3D printing technique to mimic the rotating gyrotron modes for precise low-power measurements and shows clear natural production of higher-order OAM modes. Cold-test measurements of higher-order OAM mode generation promise the realization towards wireless long-range communications using high-power ECMs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-017-03533-y
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Article ; Online: Image-guidance triggered adaptive radiation therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: single-institution experience and implications for clinical practice.

Gupta, Tejpal / Maheshwari, Guncha / Joshi, Kishore / Sawant, Priya / Mishra, Ajay / Khairnar, Sunil / Patel, Prapti / Sinha, Shwetabh / Swain, Monali / Budrukkar, Ashwini / Ghosh-Laskar, Sarbani / Agarwal, Jai-Prakash

Journal of medical imaging and radiation sciences

2022 Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 88–96

Abstract: Purpose: To report frequency and timing of adaptive radiotherapy (ART) and assess patient, disease, and treatment-related characteristics potentially triggering the need for such adaptive replanning in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).: ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To report frequency and timing of adaptive radiotherapy (ART) and assess patient, disease, and treatment-related characteristics potentially triggering the need for such adaptive replanning in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: Medical records of HNSCC patients treated with definitive intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with or without concurrent systemic chemotherapy were reviewed retrospectively to identify patients undergoing image-guidance triggered adaptive replanning. Clinico-demographic characteristics of patients undergoing ART were compared with patients treated without adaptation using the chi-square test. Results: Two hundred patients with squamous cell cancers of the oropharynx, larynx, or hypopharynx treated with definitive IMRT between 2014 to 2019 comprised the study cohort. Twenty-seven (13.5%) patients underwent adaptive replanning during treatment at a median of 17 fractions (inter-quartile range 14-24 fractions). There were no significant differences in the baseline patient (age, gender), disease (site of primary, staging/grouping), and treatment-related characteristics (dose-fractionation, chemotherapy usage) in patients undergoing ART compared to those treated without adaptation. Weight loss during IMRT emerged as a significant factor predicting the need for ART; patients having ≥10% weight loss from baseline were more likely to undergo treatment adaptation compared to patients with <10% weight loss (p = 0.0002). There was variable impact of ART on dose-volume statistics of organs-at-risk such parotid glands and spinal cord. Conclusion: Image-guidance triggered ART for HNSCC is not associated with significant improvement in OAR dosimetry. However, weight loss during definitive IMRT can be a potentially useful trigger for identifying patients who are most likely to benefit from such adaptive replanning.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; Retrospective Studies ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Weight Loss
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2426513-5
ISSN	1876-7982 ; 1939-8654
ISSN (online)	1876-7982
ISSN	1939-8654
DOI	10.1016/j.jmir.2022.11.013
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Article ; Online: Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) of Rotating Modes Driven by Electrons in Electron Cyclotron Masers

Ashwini Sawant / Mun Seok Choe / Manfred Thumm / EunMi Choi

Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract The well-defined orbital angular momentum (OAM) of rotating cavity modes operating near the cutoff frequency excited by gyrating electrons in a high-power electron cyclotron maser (ECM)—a gyrotron—has been derived by photonic and electromagnetic ...

Abstract	Abstract The well-defined orbital angular momentum (OAM) of rotating cavity modes operating near the cutoff frequency excited by gyrating electrons in a high-power electron cyclotron maser (ECM)—a gyrotron—has been derived by photonic and electromagnetic wave approaches. A mode generator was built with a high-precision 3D printing technique to mimic the rotating gyrotron modes for precise low-power measurements and shows clear natural production of higher-order OAM modes. Cold-test measurements of higher-order OAM mode generation promise the realization towards wireless long-range communications using high-power ECMs.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Management of Multiple Mandibular Fractures in a Child with Osteogenesis Imperfecta Using Arch Bar Retained Thermoformed Splints: A Novel Technique.

Nilesh, Kumar / Sawant, Ashwini / Taur, Swapnil / Parkar, M I

The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry

2016 Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 322–327

Abstract: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous group of autosomal dominant and recessive inherited disorders of type I collagen metabolism. Clinical features of OI include multiple bone fractures, muscle weakness, joint laxity, skeletal deformities, ... ...

Abstract	Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous group of autosomal dominant and recessive inherited disorders of type I collagen metabolism. Clinical features of OI include multiple bone fractures, muscle weakness, joint laxity, skeletal deformities, blue sclerae, hearing loss, and dentinogenesis imperfecta. This report presents a challenging case of multiple mandibular fractures in a five years old child with OI, which was successfully treated with a new, minimally invasive technique of closed reduction with arch bar retained thermoformed splint.
MeSH term(s)	Child, Preschool ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Male ; Mandibular Fractures/etiology ; Mandibular Fractures/surgery ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/instrumentation ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta/complications ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta/surgery ; Splints
Language	English
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1062408-9
ISSN	1053-4628 ; 0145-5508
ISSN	1053-4628 ; 0145-5508
DOI	10.17796/1053-4628-40.4.322
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Article ; Online: Higher proinflammatory responses possibly contributing to suppressed cytotoxicity in patients with COVID-19 associated mucormycosis.

Immunobiology

2023 Volume 228, Issue 3, Page(s) 152384

Abstract: Introduction: COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM), an opportunistic fungal infection, surged during the second wave of SARS Cov-2 pandemic. Since immune responses play an important role in controlling this infection in immunocompetent hosts, it is ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM), an opportunistic fungal infection, surged during the second wave of SARS Cov-2 pandemic. Since immune responses play an important role in controlling this infection in immunocompetent hosts, it is required to understand immune perturbations associated with this condition for devising immunotherapeutic strategies for its control. We conducted a study to determine different immune parameters altered in CAM cases as compared to COVID-19 patients without CAM. Methodology: Cytokine levels in serum samples of CAM cases (n = 29) and COVID-19 patients without CAM (n = 20) were determined using luminex assay. Flow cytometric assays were carried out in 20 CAM cases and 10 controls for determination of frequency of NK cells, DCs, phagocytes, T cells and their functionalities. The cytokine levels were analyzed for their association with each other as well as with T cell functionality. The immune parameters were also analyzed with respect to the known risk factors such as diabetes mellitus and steroid treatment. Results: Significant reduction in frequencies of total and CD56 + CD16 + NK cells (cytotoxic subset) was noted in CAM cases. Degranulation responses indicative of cytotoxicity of T cell were significantly hampered in CAM cases as compared to the controls. Conversely, phagocytic functions showed no difference in CAM cases versus their controls except for migratory potential which was found to be enhanced in CAM cases. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-18 and MCP-1 were significantly elevated in cases as compared to the control with IFN-γ and IL-18 levels correlating negatively with CD4 T cell cytotoxicity. Steroid administration was associated with higher frequency of CD56 + CD16- NK cells (cytokine producing subset) and higher MCP-1 levels. Whereas diabetic participants had higher phagocytic and chemotactic potential and had higher levels of IL-6, IL-17 and MCP-1. Conclusion: CAM cases differed from the controls in terms of higher titers of proinflammatory cytokines, reduced frequency of total and cytotoxic CD56 + CD16 + NK cell. They also had reduced T cell cytotoxicity correlating inversely with IFN-γ and IL-18 levels, possibly indicating induction of negative feedback mechanisms while diabetes mellitus or steroid administration did not affect the responses negatively.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Interleukin-18 ; Interleukin-17 ; COVID-19 ; Mucormycosis ; Cytokines ; Steroids
Chemical Substances	Interleukin-18 ; Interleukin-17 ; Cytokines ; Steroids
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	563292-4
ISSN	1878-3279 ; 0171-2985
ISSN (online)	1878-3279
ISSN	0171-2985
DOI	10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152384
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