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  1. Article: Effect of Kasugamycin, Oxytetracycline, and Streptomycin on In-orchard Population Dynamics of

    Slack, Suzanne M / Walters, Kellie J / Outwater, Cory A / Sundin, George W

    Plant disease

    2021  Volume 105, Issue 6, Page(s) 1843–1850

    Abstract: We assessed the effect of three antibiotics (streptomycin, oxytetracycline, and kasugamycin) on populations of the fire blight ... ...

    Abstract We assessed the effect of three antibiotics (streptomycin, oxytetracycline, and kasugamycin) on populations of the fire blight pathogen
    MeSH term(s) Aminoglycosides ; Erwinia amylovora ; Flowers ; Malus ; Oxytetracycline ; Plant Diseases ; Population Dynamics ; Streptomycin/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Aminoglycosides ; kasugamycin (O957UYB9DY) ; Oxytetracycline (X20I9EN955) ; Streptomycin (Y45QSO73OB)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 754182-x
    ISSN 0191-2917
    ISSN 0191-2917
    DOI 10.1094/PDIS-07-20-1469-RE
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Competency assessment for the Versius surgical robot: a validity investigation study of a virtual reality simulator-based test.

    Bjerrum, Flemming / Collins, Justin W / Butterworth, Jessica / Slack, Mark / Konge, Lars

    Surgical endoscopy

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 10, Page(s) 7464–7471

    Abstract: Background: When introducing new equipment like robotic surgical systems, it is essential to ensure that surgeons have the basic skills before operating on patients. The objective was to investigate the validity evidence for a competency-based test for ... ...

    Abstract Background: When introducing new equipment like robotic surgical systems, it is essential to ensure that surgeons have the basic skills before operating on patients. The objective was to investigate the validity evidence for a competency-based test for basic robotic surgical skills using the Versius® trainer.
    Methods: We recruited medical students, residents, and surgeons which were classified based on data on clinical experience with the Versius system as either novices (0 min), intermediates (1-1000 min), or experienced (> 1000 min). All participants completed three rounds of eight basic exercises on the Versius trainer, where the first was used for familiarization and the final two for data analysis. The simulator automatically recorded data. Validity evidence was summarized using Messick's framework, and the contrasting groups' standard-setting method was used to define pass/fail levels.
    Results: 40 participants completed the three rounds of exercises. The discriminatory abilities of all parameters were tested, and five exercises including relevant parameters were selected to be part of the final test. 26 of 30 parameters could differentiate between novices and experienced surgeons but none of the parameters could discriminate between the intermediate and experienced surgeons. Test-retest reliability analysis using Pearson's r or Spearman's rho showed only 13 of 30 parameters had moderate or higher reliability. Non-compensatory pass/fail levels were defined for each exercise and showed that all novices failed all the exercises and that most experienced surgeons either passed or nearly passed all five exercises.
    Conclusion: We identified relevant parameters for five exercises that could be used to assess basic robotic skills for the Versius robotic system and defined a credible pass/fail level. This is the first step in developing a proficiency-based training program for the Versius system.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Robotics/education ; Computer Simulation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Virtual Reality ; Robotic Surgical Procedures/education ; Clinical Competence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-03
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639039-0
    ISSN 1432-2218 ; 0930-2794
    ISSN (online) 1432-2218
    ISSN 0930-2794
    DOI 10.1007/s00464-023-10221-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Effect of Kasugamycin, Oxytetracycline, and Streptomycin on In-orchard Population Dynamics of Erwinia amylovora on Apple Flower Stigmas

    Slack, Suzanne M. / Walters, Kellie J. / Outwater, Cory A. / Sundin, George W.

    Plant disease. 2021 June, v. 105, no. 6

    2021  

    Abstract: We assessed the effect of three antibiotics (streptomycin, oxytetracycline, and kasugamycin) on populations of the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora on apple flower stigmas during three field seasons. Application timing relative to E. amylovora ... ...

    Abstract We assessed the effect of three antibiotics (streptomycin, oxytetracycline, and kasugamycin) on populations of the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora on apple flower stigmas during three field seasons. Application timing relative to E. amylovora presence on flower stigmas had little impact on population dynamics and subsequent disease incidence. Although E. amylovora populations on water-treated flowers increased to 10⁶–⁷ cfu flower⁻¹ after 4 to 5 days during each experiment, the antibiotics streptomycin and kasugamycin caused statistically significant reductions in stigma populations by as many as 4 to 5 logs over a 4- to 5-day period during two of the three experiments. In contrast, the effect of oxytetracycline on E. amylovora populations on stigmas was more variable, with reductions in E. amylovora populations only observed during one of the three experiments. In agreement with the population data, the disease incidence was significantly higher for oxytetracycline-treated flowers compared with the other antibiotic treatments during 2 of 3 years. Statistical analyses of the effects of weather parameters on antibiotic activity revealed that solar radiation and temperature negatively impacted the activity of both kasugamycin and oxytetracycline. We further assessed the potential for photodegradation of formulated kasugamycin (Kasumin 2L) and found that Kasumin 2L was susceptible to degradation in vitro after exposure to a 16-h photoperiod of daily light integrals (DLIs) varying from 6 to 35 mol⋅m⁻²⋅d⁻¹. We further determined that exposure to three consecutive 16-h photoperiods of DLIs of 23 or 35 mol⋅m⁻²⋅d⁻¹ reduced the available concentration of Kasumin 2L (assessed using a bioassay) from 100 μg⋅ml⁻¹ to 10 to 20 μg⋅ml⁻¹. Our results correlate the superior blossom blight control efficacy of kasugamycin and streptomycin with significant population reductions in E. amylovora on apple flower stigmas but indicate that, similar to oxytetracycline, kasugamycin is vulnerable to photodegradation, which would suggest that further considerations are necessary when applying this antibiotic.
    Keywords Erwinia amylovora ; antibacterial properties ; apples ; bioassays ; blight ; disease incidence ; fire blight ; flowers ; oxytetracycline ; pathogens ; photolysis ; population dynamics ; solar radiation ; stigma ; streptomycin ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-06
    Size p. 1843-1850.
    Publishing place The American Phytopathological Society
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 754182-x
    ISSN 0191-2917
    ISSN 0191-2917
    DOI 10.1094/PDIS-07-20-1469-RE
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Resistance to Boscalid, Fluopyram and Fluxapyroxad in

    Gleason, Jacqueline / Peng, Jingyu / Proffer, Tyre J / Slack, Suzanne M / Outwater, Cory A / Rothwell, Nikki L / Sundin, George W

    Microorganisms

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 11

    Abstract: Management of cherry leaf spot disease, caused by the ... ...

    Abstract Management of cherry leaf spot disease, caused by the fungus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9112198
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Book: Genes

    Slack, J. M. W

    a very short introduction

    (Very short introductions ; 399)

    2014  

    Author's details Jonathan Slack
    Series title Very short introductions ; 399
    MeSH term(s) Genes ; Genetic Phenomena
    Language English
    Size xiv, 120 pages :, illustrations ;, 18 cm.
    Edition First edition.
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9780199676507 ; 019967650X
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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  6. Article: Evaluation of a contact sterilant as a niche-clearing method to enhance the colonization of apple flowers and efficacy of Aureobasidium pullulans in the biological control of fire blight

    Slack, Suzanne M / Grieshop, Matthew J / Outwater, Cory A / Sundin, George W

    Biological control. 2019 Aug. 16,

    2019  

    Abstract: Due to rapid expansion of organic apple production and issues with antibiotic resistance in conventional production, there is a need for novel strategies to protect orchards from outbreaks of fire blight caused by the bacterial pathogen Erwinia amylovora. ...

    Abstract Due to rapid expansion of organic apple production and issues with antibiotic resistance in conventional production, there is a need for novel strategies to protect orchards from outbreaks of fire blight caused by the bacterial pathogen Erwinia amylovora. The biological control material, Blossom Protect (consisting of two strains of the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans), has shown promising results in some apple growing regions but has shown reduced efficacy in humid apple-growing regions such as the Midwestern and Eastern United States. In an attempt to increase both flower colonization by A. pullulans and disease control efficacy, we applied a contact sterilant to clear the flower niche of native microbial populations 4 hr prior to application of Blossom Protect. Results from four years of field testing showed that application of the contact sterilant resulted in a significant reduction in populations of bacteria, fungi, and native yeast populations; however, all of these microbial populations recovered after 24 hrs. Examination of fire blight incidence revealed that use of the contact sterilant did not significantly impact disease control. Two applications of Blossom Protect, at 70-80% bloom and full bloom, exhibited the best efficacy in disease control over four years. In addition, we observed marginal differences in the marketability of the final fruit between treatments, each with less than 8% deemed unmarketable due to russet. Our results indicate that niche-clearing of apple flowers did not enhance flower colonization by A. pullulans, nor produce an increase in biological control efficacy. However, our current experimental results (2014-2018) do indicate consistency and an increase in efficacy of Blossom Protect compared to results from previous years.
    Keywords antibiotic resistance ; apples ; Aureobasidium pullulans ; bacteria ; biological control ; crop production ; disease control ; Erwinia amylovora ; flowering ; flowers ; fruit growing ; fruits ; Malus domestica ; orchards ; organic production ; pathogens ; yeasts ; Eastern United States
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0816
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 1149971-0
    ISSN 1049-9644
    ISSN 1049-9644
    DOI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.104073
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Protocol for the Brain Health Support Program Study of the Canadian Therapeutic Platform Trial for Multidomain Interventions to Prevent Dementia (CAN-THUMBS UP): A Prospective 12-Month Intervention Study.

    Feldman, H H / Belleville, S / Nygaard, H B / Montero-Odasso, M / Durant, J / Lupo, J-L / Revta, C / Chan, S / Cuesta, M / Slack, P J / Winer, S / Brewster, P W H / Hofer, S M / Lim, A / Centen, A / Jacobs, D M / Anderson, N D / Walker, J D / Speechley, M R /
    Zou, G Y / Chertkow, H

    The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) 875–885

    Abstract: Background/objectives: CAN-THUMBS UP is designed as a comprehensive and innovative fully remote program to 1) develop an interactive and compelling online Brain Health Support Program intervention, with potential to positively influence dementia ... ...

    Abstract Background/objectives: CAN-THUMBS UP is designed as a comprehensive and innovative fully remote program to 1) develop an interactive and compelling online Brain Health Support Program intervention, with potential to positively influence dementia literacy, self-efficacy and lifestyle risk factors; 2) enroll and retain a community-dwelling Platform Trial Cohort of individuals at risk of dementia who will participate in the intervention; 3) support an open platform trial to test a variety of multidomain interventions that might further benefit individuals at risk of dementia. This manuscript presents the Brain Health Support Program Study protocol.
    Design/setting: Twelve-month prospective multi-center longitudinal study to evaluate a fully remote web-based educational intervention. Participants will subsequently be part of a Platform Trial Cohort and may be eligible to participate in further dementia prevention clinical trials.
    Participants: Three hundred fifty older adults who are cognitively unimpaired or have mild cognitive impairment, with at least 1 well established dementia risk factor.
    Intervention: Participants engage in the Brain Health Support Program intervention for 45-weeks and complete pre/post intervention measures. This intervention is designed to convey best available evidence for dementia prevention, consists of 181 chapters within 8 modules that are progressively delivered, and is available online in English and French. The program has been developed as a collaborative effort by investigators with recognized expertise in the program's content areas, along with input from older-adult citizen advisors.
    Measurements: This study utilizes adapted remote assessments with accessible technologies (e.g. videoconferencing, cognitive testing via computer and mobile phone, wearable devices to track physical activity and sleep, self-administered saliva sample collection). The primary outcome is change in dementia literacy, as measured by the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale. Secondary outcomes include change in self-efficacy; engagement using the online program; user satisfaction ratings; and evaluation of usability and acceptance. Exploratory outcomes include changes in attitudes toward dementia, modifiable risk factors, performance on the Neuropsychological Test Battery, performance on self-administered online cognitive assessments, and levels of physical activity and sleep; success of the national recruitment plan; and the distribution of age adjusted polygenic hazard scores.
    Conclusions: This fully remote study provides an accessible approach to research with all study activities being completed in the participants' home environment. This approach may reduce barriers to participation, provide an easier and less demanding participant experience, and reach a broader geography with recruitment from all regions of Canada. CAN-THUMBS UP represents a Canadian contribution to the global World-Wide FINGERS program (alz.org/wwfingers).
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Humans ; Alzheimer Disease ; Brain ; Canada ; Longitudinal Studies ; Prospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2782183-3
    ISSN 2426-0266 ; 2274-5807
    ISSN (online) 2426-0266
    ISSN 2274-5807
    DOI 10.14283/jpad.2023.65
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Genetic subdivisions of follicular lymphoma defined by distinct coding and noncoding mutation patterns.

    Dreval, Kostiantyn / Hilton, Laura K / Cruz, Manuela / Shaalan, Haya / Ben-Neriah, Susana / Boyle, Merrill / Collinge, Brett / Coyle, Krysta M / Duns, Gerben / Farinha, Pedro / Grande, Bruno M / Meissner, Barbara / Pararajalingam, Prasath / Rushton, Christopher K / Slack, Graham W / Wong, Jasper / Mungall, Andrew J / Marra, Marco A / Connors, Joseph M /
    Steidl, Christian / Scott, David W / Morin, Ryan D

    Blood

    2023  Volume 142, Issue 6, Page(s) 561–573

    Abstract: Follicular lymphoma (FL) accounts for ∼20% of all new lymphoma cases. Increases in cytological grade are a feature of the clinical progression of this malignancy, and eventual histologic transformation (HT) to the aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ...

    Abstract Follicular lymphoma (FL) accounts for ∼20% of all new lymphoma cases. Increases in cytological grade are a feature of the clinical progression of this malignancy, and eventual histologic transformation (HT) to the aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) occurs in up to 15% of patients. Clinical or genetic features to predict the risk and timing of HT have not been described comprehensively. In this study, we analyzed whole-genome sequencing data from 423 patients to compare the protein coding and noncoding mutation landscapes of untransformed FL, transformed FL, and de novo DLBCL. This revealed 2 genetically distinct subgroups of FL, which we have named DLBCL-like (dFL) and constrained FL (cFL). Each subgroup has distinguishing mutational patterns, aberrant somatic hypermutation rates, and biological and clinical characteristics. We implemented a machine learning-derived classification approach to stratify patients with FL into cFL and dFL subgroups based on their genomic features. Using separate validation cohorts, we demonstrate that cFL status, whether assigned with this full classifier or a single-gene approximation, is associated with a reduced rate of HT. This implies distinct biological features of cFL that constrain its evolution, and we highlight the potential for this classification to predict HT from genetic features present at diagnosis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology ; Mutation ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood.2022018719
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Active meta-learning for predicting and selecting perovskite crystallization experiments.

    Shekar, Venkateswaran / Nicholas, Gareth / Najeeb, Mansoor Ani / Zeile, Margaret / Yu, Vincent / Wang, Xiaorong / Slack, Dylan / Li, Zhi / Nega, Philip W / Chan, Emory M / Norquist, Alexander J / Schrier, Joshua / Friedler, Sorelle A

    The Journal of chemical physics

    2022  Volume 156, Issue 6, Page(s) 64108

    Abstract: Autonomous experimentation systems use algorithms and data from prior experiments to select and perform new experiments in order to meet a specified objective. In most experimental chemistry situations, there is a limited set of prior historical data ... ...

    Abstract Autonomous experimentation systems use algorithms and data from prior experiments to select and perform new experiments in order to meet a specified objective. In most experimental chemistry situations, there is a limited set of prior historical data available, and acquiring new data may be expensive and time consuming, which places constraints on machine learning methods. Active learning methods prioritize new experiment selection by using machine learning model uncertainty and predicted outcomes. Meta-learning methods attempt to construct models that can learn quickly with a limited set of data for a new task. In this paper, we applied the model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML) model and the Probabilistic LATent model for Incorporating Priors and Uncertainty in few-Shot learning (PLATIPUS) approach, which extends MAML to active learning, to the problem of halide perovskite growth by inverse temperature crystallization. Using a dataset of 1870 reactions conducted using 19 different organoammonium lead iodide systems, we determined the optimal strategies for incorporating historical data into active and meta-learning models to predict reaction compositions that result in crystals. We then evaluated the best three algorithms (PLATIPUS and active-learning k-nearest neighbor and decision tree algorithms) with four new chemical systems in experimental laboratory tests. With a fixed budget of 20 experiments, PLATIPUS makes superior predictions of reaction outcomes compared to other active-learning algorithms and a random baseline.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3113-6
    ISSN 1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
    ISSN (online) 1089-7690
    ISSN 0021-9606
    DOI 10.1063/5.0076636
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The outcome of older adults with classic Hodgkin lymphoma in British Columbia.

    Cheng, Phoebe T M / Villa, Diego / Gerrie, Alina S / Freeman, Ciara L / Slack, Graham W / Gascoyne, Randy D / Farinha, Pedro / Craig, Jeffrey W / Skinnider, Brian / Wilson, Don / Scott, David W / Connors, Joseph M / Sehn, Laurie H / Savage, Kerry J

    Blood advances

    2022  Volume 6, Issue 22, Page(s) 5924–5932

    Abstract: Outcomes in older adults with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) have traditionally been poor, in part, related to poor tolerance to standard chemotherapy. Herein, we evaluated the survival of patients with cHL aged ≥60 years in British Columbia in a ... ...

    Abstract Outcomes in older adults with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) have traditionally been poor, in part, related to poor tolerance to standard chemotherapy. Herein, we evaluated the survival of patients with cHL aged ≥60 years in British Columbia in a population-based analysis. From 1961 to 2019, 744 patients with newly diagnosed cHL were identified. With a median follow-up of 9 years, 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) have improved by decade comparison (both P < .001), remaining stable in the past 20 years (DSS, P = .35; OS, P = .26). In the modern management era (2000-present), 361 of 401 patients (90%) received active therapy for cHL and had a 5-year OS of 60%. For those who received curative-intent therapy (n = 327), the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS), OS, and DSS were 60%, 65%, and 76%, respectively, and estimates were superior in those who were 60 to 69 years of age (72%, 77%, and 83%, respectively) compared with those who were 70 to 79 years of age (54%, 57%, and 70%, respectively) and ≥80 years of age (28%, 39%, and 63%, respectively) (P < .05 for all). Overall, pulmonary toxicity occurred in 58 of 279 patients (21%) treated with bleomycin, with 22 of 58 (38%) occurring after cycles 1 or 2, accounting for 8 of 20 (40%) treatment-related deaths. Outcomes in older adults with cHL have improved in recent decades; however, they remain poor for those aged ≥70 years, even in the modern treatment era. Furthermore, treatment-related toxicity remains a significant concern and use of bleomycin should be avoided in most patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy ; Hodgkin Disease/epidemiology ; British Columbia/epidemiology ; Bleomycin/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Bleomycin (11056-06-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2915908-8
    ISSN 2473-9537 ; 2473-9529
    ISSN (online) 2473-9537
    ISSN 2473-9529
    DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008258
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