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  1. Article ; Online: Uncertainty quantification of the wall thickness and stiffness in an idealized dissected aorta.

    Gheysen, Lise / Maes, Lauranne / Caenen, Annette / Segers, Patrick / Peirlinck, Mathias / Famaey, Nele

    Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials

    2024  Volume 151, Page(s) 106370

    Abstract: Personalized treatment informed by computational models has the potential to markedly improve the outcome for patients with a type B aortic dissection. However, existing computational models of dissected walls significantly simplify the characteristic ... ...

    Abstract Personalized treatment informed by computational models has the potential to markedly improve the outcome for patients with a type B aortic dissection. However, existing computational models of dissected walls significantly simplify the characteristic false lumen, tears and/or material behavior. Moreover, the patient-specific wall thickness and stiffness cannot be accurately captured non-invasively in clinical practice, which inevitably leads to assumptions in these wall models. It is important to evaluate the impact of the corresponding uncertainty on the predicted wall deformations and stress, which are both key outcome indicators for treatment optimization. Therefore, a physiology-inspired finite element framework was proposed to model the wall deformation and stress of a type B aortic dissection at diastolic and systolic pressure. Based on this framework, 300 finite element analyses, sampled with a Latin hypercube, were performed to assess the global uncertainty, introduced by 4 uncertain wall thickness and stiffness input parameters, on 4 displacement and stress output parameters. The specific impact of each input parameter was estimated using Gaussian process regression, as surrogate model of the finite element framework, and a δ moment-independent analysis. The global uncertainty analysis indicated minor differences between the uncertainty at diastolic and systolic pressure. For all output parameters, the 4
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Uncertainty ; Aorta ; Aortic Dissection ; Blood Pressure ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Stress, Mechanical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2378381-3
    ISSN 1878-0180 ; 1751-6161
    ISSN (online) 1878-0180
    ISSN 1751-6161
    DOI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106370
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Balancing the ventricular outputs of pulsatile total artificial hearts.

    Gülcher, Oskar J / Vis, Annemijn / Peirlinck, Mathias / Kluin, Jolanda

    Artificial organs

    2023  Volume 47, Issue 12, Page(s) 1809–1817

    Abstract: Background: Maintaining balanced left and right cardiac outputs in a total artificial heart (TAH) is challenging due to the need for continuous adaptation to changing hemodynamic conditions. Proper balance in ventricular outputs of the left and right ... ...

    Abstract Background: Maintaining balanced left and right cardiac outputs in a total artificial heart (TAH) is challenging due to the need for continuous adaptation to changing hemodynamic conditions. Proper balance in ventricular outputs of the left and right ventricles requires a preload-sensitive response and mechanisms to address the higher volumetric efficiency of the right ventricle.
    Methods: This review provides a comprehensive overview of various methods used to balance left and right ventricular outputs in pulsatile total artificial hearts, categorized based on their actuation mechanism.
    Results: Reported strategies include incorporating compliant materials and/or air cushions inside the ventricles, employing active control mechanisms to regulate ventricular filling state, and utilizing various shunts (such as hydraulic or intra-atrial shunts). Furthermore, reducing right ventricular stroke volume compared to the left often serves to balance the ventricular outputs. Individually controlled actuation of both ventricles in a pulsatile TAH seems to be the simplest and most effective way to achieve proper preload sensitivity and left-right output balance. Pneumatically actuated TAHs have the advantage to respond passively to preload changes.
    Conclusion: Therefore, a pneumatic TAH that comprises two individually actuated ventricles appears to be a more desirable option-both in terms of simplicity and efficacy-to respond to changing hemodynamic conditions.
    MeSH term(s) Heart Ventricles/surgery ; Heart, Artificial ; Cardiac Output/physiology ; Hemodynamics/physiology ; Ventricular Function, Right/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 441812-8
    ISSN 1525-1594 ; 0160-564X
    ISSN (online) 1525-1594
    ISSN 0160-564X
    DOI 10.1111/aor.14641
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Sex Matters: A Comprehensive Comparison of Female and Male Hearts.

    St Pierre, Sarah R / Peirlinck, Mathias / Kuhl, Ellen

    Frontiers in physiology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 831179

    Abstract: Cardiovascular disease in women remains under-diagnosed and under-treated. Recent studies suggest that this is caused, at least in part, by the lack of sex-specific diagnostic criteria. While it is widely recognized that the female heart is smaller than ... ...

    Abstract Cardiovascular disease in women remains under-diagnosed and under-treated. Recent studies suggest that this is caused, at least in part, by the lack of sex-specific diagnostic criteria. While it is widely recognized that the female heart is smaller than the male heart, it has long been ignored that it also has a different microstructural architecture. This has severe implications on a multitude of cardiac parameters. Here, we systematically review and compare geometric, functional, and structural parameters of female and male hearts, both in the healthy population and in athletes. Our study finds that, compared to the male heart, the female heart has a larger ejection fraction and beats at a faster rate but generates a smaller cardiac output. It has a lower blood pressure but produces universally larger contractile strains. Critically, allometric scaling, e.g., by lean body mass, reduces but does not completely eliminate the sex differences between female and male hearts. Our results suggest that the sex differences in cardiac form and function are too complex to be ignored: the female heart is not just a small version of the male heart. When using similar diagnostic criteria for female and male hearts, cardiac disease in women is frequently overlooked by routine exams, and it is diagnosed later and with more severe symptoms than in men. Clearly, there is an urgent need to better understand the female heart and design sex-specific diagnostic criteria that will allow us to diagnose cardiac disease in women equally as early, robustly, and reliably as in men.
    Systematic review registration: https://livingmatter.stanford.edu/.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2564217-0
    ISSN 1664-042X
    ISSN 1664-042X
    DOI 10.3389/fphys.2022.831179
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Bayesian Physics-Based Modeling of Tau Propagation in Alzheimer's Disease.

    Schäfer, Amelie / Peirlinck, Mathias / Linka, Kevin / Kuhl, Ellen

    Frontiers in physiology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 702975

    Abstract: Amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated tau protein are known drivers of neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease. Tau in particular spreads in the brains of patients following a spatiotemporal pattern that is highly sterotypical and correlated with subsequent ... ...

    Abstract Amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated tau protein are known drivers of neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease. Tau in particular spreads in the brains of patients following a spatiotemporal pattern that is highly sterotypical and correlated with subsequent neurodegeneration. Novel medical imaging techniques can now visualize the distribution of tau in the brain
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564217-0
    ISSN 1664-042X
    ISSN 1664-042X
    DOI 10.3389/fphys.2021.702975
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Validating MRI-Derived Myocardial Stiffness Estimates Using In Vitro Synthetic Heart Models.

    Kolawole, Fikunwa O / Peirlinck, Mathias / Cork, Tyler E / Levenston, Marc / Kuhl, Ellen / Ennis, Daniel B

    Annals of biomedical engineering

    2023  Volume 51, Issue 7, Page(s) 1574–1587

    Abstract: Impaired cardiac filling in response to increased passive myocardial stiffness contributes to the pathophysiology of heart failure. By leveraging cardiac MRI data and ventricular pressure measurements, we can estimate in vivo passive myocardial stiffness ...

    Abstract Impaired cardiac filling in response to increased passive myocardial stiffness contributes to the pathophysiology of heart failure. By leveraging cardiac MRI data and ventricular pressure measurements, we can estimate in vivo passive myocardial stiffness using personalized inverse finite element models. While it is well-known that this approach is subject to uncertainties, only few studies quantify the accuracy of these stiffness estimates. This lack of validation is, at least in part, due to the absence of ground truth in vivo passive myocardial stiffness values. Here, using 3D printing, we created soft, homogenous, isotropic, hyperelastic heart phantoms of varying geometry and stiffness and simulate diastolic filling by incorporating the phantoms into an MRI-compatible left ventricular inflation system. We estimate phantom stiffness from MRI and pressure data using inverse finite element analyses based on a Neo-Hookean model. We demonstrate that our identified softest and stiffest values of 215.7 and 512.3 kPa agree well with the ground truth of 226.2 and 526.4 kPa. Overall, our estimated stiffnesses revealed a good agreement with the ground truth ([Formula: see text] error) across all models. Our results suggest that MRI-driven computational constitutive modeling can accurately estimate synthetic heart material stiffnesses in the range of 200-500 kPa.
    MeSH term(s) Models, Cardiovascular ; Heart/diagnostic imaging ; Myocardium ; Heart Ventricles ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 185984-5
    ISSN 1573-9686 ; 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
    ISSN (online) 1573-9686
    ISSN 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
    DOI 10.1007/s10439-023-03164-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Sex Differences in Drug-Induced Arrhythmogenesis.

    Peirlinck, Mathias / Sahli Costabal, Francisco / Kuhl, Ellen

    Frontiers in physiology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 708435

    Abstract: The electrical activity in the heart varies significantly between men and women and results in a sex-specific response to drugs. Recent evidence suggests that women are more than twice as likely as men to develop drug-induced arrhythmia with potentially ... ...

    Abstract The electrical activity in the heart varies significantly between men and women and results in a sex-specific response to drugs. Recent evidence suggests that women are more than twice as likely as men to develop drug-induced arrhythmia with potentially fatal consequences. Yet, the sex-specific differences in drug-induced arrhythmogenesis remain poorly understood. Here we integrate multiscale modeling and machine learning to gain mechanistic insight into the sex-specific origin of drug-induced cardiac arrhythmia at differing drug concentrations. To quantify critical drug concentrations in male and female hearts, we identify the most important ion channels that trigger male and female arrhythmogenesis, and create and train a sex-specific multi-fidelity arrhythmogenic risk classifier. Our study reveals that sex differences in ion channel activity, tissue conductivity, and heart dimensions trigger longer QT-intervals in women than in men. We quantify the critical drug concentration for dofetilide, a high risk drug, to be seven times lower for women than for men. Our results emphasize the importance of including sex as an independent biological variable in risk assessment during drug development. Acknowledging and understanding sex differences in drug safety evaluation is critical when developing novel therapeutic treatments on a personalized basis. The general trends of this study have significant implications on the development of safe and efficacious new drugs and the prescription of existing drugs in combination with other drugs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564217-0
    ISSN 1664-042X
    ISSN 1664-042X
    DOI 10.3389/fphys.2021.708435
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: The reproduction number of COVID-19 and its correlation with public health interventions.

    Linka, Kevin / Peirlinck, Mathias / Kuhl, Ellen

    Computational mechanics

    2020  Volume 66, Issue 4, Page(s) 1035–1050

    Abstract: Throughout the past six months, no number has dominated the public media more persistently than the reproduction number of COVID-19. This powerful but simple concept is widely used by the public media, scientists, and political decision makers to explain ...

    Abstract Throughout the past six months, no number has dominated the public media more persistently than the reproduction number of COVID-19. This powerful but simple concept is widely used by the public media, scientists, and political decision makers to explain and justify political strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we explore the effectiveness of political interventions using the reproduction number of COVID-19 across Europe. We propose a dynamic SEIR epidemiology model with a time-varying reproduction number, which we identify using machine learning. During the early outbreak, the basic reproduction number was 4.22 ± 1.69, with maximum values of 6.33 and 5.88 in Germany and the Netherlands. By May 10, 2020, it dropped to 0.67 ± 0.18, with minimum values of 0.37 and 0.28 in Hungary and Slovakia. We found a strong correlation between passenger air travel, driving, walking, and transit mobility and the effective reproduction number with a time delay of 17.24 ± 2.00 days. Our new dynamic SEIR model provides the flexibility to simulate various outbreak control and exit strategies to inform political decision making and identify safe solutions in the benefit of global health.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-28
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1458937-0
    ISSN 1432-0924 ; 0178-7675
    ISSN (online) 1432-0924
    ISSN 0178-7675
    DOI 10.1007/s00466-020-01880-8
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  8. Article: The reproduction number of COVID-19 and its correlation with public health interventions.

    Linka, Kevin / Peirlinck, Mathias / Kuhl, Ellen

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2020  

    Abstract: Throughout the past six months, no number has dominated the public media more persistently than the reproduction number of COVID-19. This powerful but simple concept is widely used by the public media, scientists, and political decision makers to explain ...

    Abstract Throughout the past six months, no number has dominated the public media more persistently than the reproduction number of COVID-19. This powerful but simple concept is widely used by the public media, scientists, and political decision makers to explain and justify political strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we explore the effectiveness of political interventions using the reproduction number of COVID-19 across Europe. We propose a dynamic SEIR epidemiology model with a time-varying reproduction number, which we identify using machine learning. During the early outbreak, the basic reproduction number was 4.22+/-1.69, with maximum values of 6.33 and 5.88 in Germany and the Netherlands. By May 10, 2020, it dropped to 0.67+/-0.18, with minimum values of 0.37 and 0.28 in Hungary and Slovakia. We found a strong correlation between passenger air travel, driving, walking, and transit mobility and the effective reproduction number with a time delay of 17.24+/-2.00 days. Our new dynamic SEIR model provides the flexibility to simulate various outbreak control and exit strategies to inform political decision making and identify safe solutions in the benefit of global health.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2020.05.01.20088047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Digital twinning of cardiac electrophysiology for congenital heart disease.

    Salvador, Matteo / Kong, Fanwei / Peirlinck, Mathias / Parker, David W / Chubb, Henry / Dubin, Anne M / Marsden, Alison Lesley

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: In recent years, blending mechanistic knowledge with machine learning has had a major impact in digital healthcare. In this work, we introduce a computational pipeline to build certified digital replicas of cardiac electrophysiology in pediatric patients ...

    Abstract In recent years, blending mechanistic knowledge with machine learning has had a major impact in digital healthcare. In this work, we introduce a computational pipeline to build certified digital replicas of cardiac electrophysiology in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease. We construct the patient-specific geometry by means of semi-automatic segmentation and meshing tools. We generate a dataset of electrophysiology simulations covering cell-to-organ level model parameters and utilizing rigorous mathematical models based on differential equations. We previously proposed Branched Latent Neural Maps (BLNMs) as an accurate and efficient means to recapitulate complex physical processes in a neural network. Here, we employ BLNMs to encode the parametrized temporal dynamics of in silico 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs). BLNMs act as a geometry-specific surrogate model of cardiac function for fast and robust parameter estimation to match clinical ECGs in pediatric patients. Identifiability and trustworthiness of calibrated model parameters are assessed by sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.11.27.568942
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Outbreak dynamics of COVID-19 in Europe and the effect of travel restrictions.

    Linka, Kevin / Peirlinck, Mathias / Sahli Costabal, Francisco / Kuhl, Ellen

    Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering

    2020  Volume 23, Issue 11, Page(s) 710–717

    Abstract: For the first time in history, on March 17, 2020, the European Union closed all its external borders in an attempt to contain the spreading of the coronavirus 2019, COVID-19. Throughout two past months, governments around the world have implemented ... ...

    Abstract For the first time in history, on March 17, 2020, the European Union closed all its external borders in an attempt to contain the spreading of the coronavirus 2019, COVID-19. Throughout two past months, governments around the world have implemented massive travel restrictions and border control to mitigate the outbreak of this global pandemic. However, the precise effects of travel restrictions on the outbreak dynamics of COVID-19 remain unknown. Here we combine a global network mobility model with a local epidemiology model to simulate and predict the outbreak dynamics and outbreak control of COVID-19 across Europe. We correlate our mobility model to passenger air travel statistics and calibrate our epidemiology model using the number of reported COVID-19 cases for each country. Our simulations show that mobility networks of air travel can predict the emerging global diffusion pattern of a pandemic at the early stages of the outbreak. Our results suggest that an unconstrained mobility would have significantly accelerated the spreading of COVID-19, especially in Central Europe, Spain, and France. Ultimately, our network epidemiology model can inform political decision making and help identify exit strategies from current travel restrictions and total lockdown.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Disease Outbreaks ; Europe/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Travel ; Travel-Related Illness
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2071764-7
    ISSN 1476-8259 ; 1025-5842
    ISSN (online) 1476-8259
    ISSN 1025-5842
    DOI 10.1080/10255842.2020.1759560
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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