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  1. Article ; Online: Hydroxychloroquine and coronavirus disease 2019.

    Mukhtyar, Chetan

    The journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh

    2020  Volume 50, Issue 2, Page(s) 102–104

    MeSH term(s) Antimalarials/therapeutic use ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use ; Male ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Risk Assessment ; Treatment Failure ; United Kingdom
    Chemical Substances Antimalarials ; Hydroxychloroquine (4QWG6N8QKH)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-22
    Publishing country Scotland
    Document type Editorial ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2866363-9
    ISSN 2042-8189 ; 0953-0932
    ISSN (online) 2042-8189
    ISSN 0953-0932
    DOI 10.4997/JRCPE.2020.202
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Topological Frustration as a New Parameter to Tune Morphology Revealed through Exploring the Continuum between A-B-C 3-Arm Star and Linear Triblock Polymers

    Gupta, Rohit / Misra, Mayank / Zhang, Wenxu / Mukhtyar, Ankita / Gido, Samuel P / Ribbe, Alexander / Escobedo, Fernando A / Coughlin, E. Bryan

    Macromolecules. 2021 Apr. 20, v. 54, no. 9

    2021  

    Abstract: ... A-B-C architecture. A versatile strategy is reported to synthesize a series of well-defined graft ... polymers that lie along the unexplored continuum between a 3-arm star and an A-B-C linear triblock polymer ... C along the B chain was achieved. A series of discrete graft polymers (PMMA-b-PS-g-PEO) with fixed φ ...

    Abstract Block polymers assemble into a variety of phase-separated morphologies based on volume fraction (φ) and interactions (χ) of the respective blocks. The arrangement of three different polymer blocks could either be a 3-arm star, with each block having one terminus attached to a common junction point or a linear A-B-C architecture. A versatile strategy is reported to synthesize a series of well-defined graft polymers that lie along the unexplored continuum between a 3-arm star and an A-B-C linear triblock polymer architecture. Using the technique of single-molecule insertion, precise control over the position of graft arm C along the B chain was achieved. A series of discrete graft polymers (PMMA-b-PS-g-PEO) with fixed φ and prescribed ω values that lie on the continuum between a 3-arm star (ω = 0) and linear triblock polymer (ω = 1) were synthesized. Morphological studies using small-angle X-ray scattering and conventional and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy reveal the transition between lamellae, perforated lamellae, and cylindrical morphologies with systematic variation in the ω values, a trend attributed to the topological frustration and the associated χ values between the three blocks. Molecular dynamic simulations of coarse-grained models were found to predict phase diagrams that are consistent with the experimentally observed morphologies. Our results suggest that changes in ω lead to topological frustration which is an important additional new design parameter that can be used to tune the morphology of multiblock polymers in addition to φ and χ.
    Keywords polymers ; small-angle X-ray scattering ; topology ; transmission electron microscopy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0420
    Size p. 4401-4411.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 1491942-4
    ISSN 1520-5835 ; 0024-9297
    ISSN (online) 1520-5835
    ISSN 0024-9297
    DOI 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00277
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Comment on: Evaluation of adjunctive mycophenolate for large vessel giant cell arteritis.

    Mazumder, Rifat / Mukhtyar, Chetan

    Rheumatology advances in practice

    2021  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) rkab011

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2514-1775
    ISSN (online) 2514-1775
    DOI 10.1093/rap/rkab011
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  5. Article ; Online: Ultrasonography in the diagnosis and follow-up of giant cell arteritis.

    Coath, Fiona L / Mukhtyar, Chetan

    Rheumatology (Oxford, England)

    2021  Volume 60, Issue 6, Page(s) 2528–2536

    Abstract: Colour Doppler ultrasonography is the first measure to allow objective bedside assessment of GCA. This article discusses the evidence using the OMERACT filter. Consensus definitions for ultrasonographic changes were agreed upon by a Delphi process, with ... ...

    Abstract Colour Doppler ultrasonography is the first measure to allow objective bedside assessment of GCA. This article discusses the evidence using the OMERACT filter. Consensus definitions for ultrasonographic changes were agreed upon by a Delphi process, with the 'halo' and 'compression' signs being characteristic. The halo is sensitive to change, disappearing within 2-4 weeks of starting glucocorticoids. Ultrasonography has moderate convergent validity with temporal artery biopsy in a pooled analysis of 12 studies including 965 participants [κ = 0.44 (95% CI 0.38, 0.50)]. The interobserver and intra-observer reliabilities are good (κ = 0.6 and κ = 0.76-0.78, respectively) in live exercises and excellent when assessing acquired images and videos (κ = 0.83-0.87 and κ = 0.88, respectively). Discriminant validity has been tested against stroke and diabetes mellitus (κ=-0.16 for diabetes). Machine familiarity and adequate examination time improves performance. Ultrasonography in follow-up is not yet adequately defined. Some patients have persistent changes in the larger arteries but these do not necessarily imply treatment failure or predict relapses.
    MeSH term(s) Axillary Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Biopsy ; Delphi Technique ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Feasibility Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Giant Cell Arteritis/diagnostic imaging ; Giant Cell Arteritis/drug therapy ; Giant Cell Arteritis/pathology ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Observer Variation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Temporal Arteries/diagnostic imaging ; Temporal Arteries/pathology ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
    Chemical Substances Glucocorticoids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1464822-2
    ISSN 1462-0332 ; 1462-0324
    ISSN (online) 1462-0332
    ISSN 1462-0324
    DOI 10.1093/rheumatology/keab179
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  6. Article ; Online: The long-term use of tocilizumab in giant cell arteritis.

    Coath, Fiona Louise / Mukhtyar, Chetan

    Rheumatology (Oxford, England)

    2021  Volume 60, Issue 10, Page(s) 4447–4449

    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Giant Cell Arteritis/drug therapy ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy/methods
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Glucocorticoids ; tocilizumab (I031V2H011)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1464822-2
    ISSN 1462-0332 ; 1462-0324
    ISSN (online) 1462-0332
    ISSN 1462-0324
    DOI 10.1093/rheumatology/keab418
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  7. Article ; Online: Frequency of visual involvement in a 10-year interdisciplinary cohort of patients with giant cell arteritis.

    Smith, Sonja C Mansfield / Al-Hashimi, Mustafa R / Jones, Colin D / Mukhtyar, Chetan B

    Clinical medicine (London, England)

    2024  Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 206–212

    Abstract: Background: We present the largest study of the frequency and nature of visual complications in a cohort of 350 patients consecutively diagnosed with giant cell arteritis (GCA).: Methods: All individuals were assessed using structured forms and ... ...

    Abstract Background: We present the largest study of the frequency and nature of visual complications in a cohort of 350 patients consecutively diagnosed with giant cell arteritis (GCA).
    Methods: All individuals were assessed using structured forms and diagnosed using imaging or biopsy. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyse data for predicting visual loss.
    Results: Visual symptoms occurred in 101 (28.9%) patients, with visual loss in one or both eyes in 48 (13.7%) patients. Four patients had binocular visual loss. Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (N=31), retinal artery obstruction (N=8) and occipital stroke (N=2) were the main causes of visual loss. Of the 47 individuals who had repeat visual acuity testing at 7 days, three individuals had improvement to 6/9 or better. After introducing the fast-track pathway, the frequency of visual loss decreased from 18.7% to 11.5%. Age at diagnosis (odds ratio (OR) 1.12) and headache (OR 0.22) were significant determinants of visual loss in a multivariate model. Jaw claudication trended to significance (OR 1.96, p=0.054).
    Conclusions: We recorded a visual loss frequency of 13.7% in the largest cohort of patients with GCA examined from a single centre. Although improvement in vision was rare, a dedicated fast-track pathway reduced visual loss. Headache could result in earlier diagnosis and protect against visual loss.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Giant Cell Arteritis/complications ; Giant Cell Arteritis/epidemiology ; Biopsy ; Cerebral Infarction ; Headache/etiology ; Logistic Models
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2048646-7
    ISSN 1473-4893 ; 1470-2118
    ISSN (online) 1473-4893
    ISSN 1470-2118
    DOI 10.7861/clinmed.2022-0415
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  8. Article ; Online: Giant cell arteritis.

    Shenoy, R / Mukhtyar, C / Eke, T

    British dental journal

    2021  Volume 230, Issue 11, Page(s) 687

    MeSH term(s) Giant Cell Arteritis ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 218090-x
    ISSN 1476-5373 ; 0007-0610
    ISSN (online) 1476-5373
    ISSN 0007-0610
    DOI 10.1038/s41415-021-3124-7
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  9. Article ; Online: Frequency of visual involvement in a 10-year interdisciplinary cohort of patients with giant cell arteritis.

    Smith, Sonja C Mansfield / Al-Hashimi, Mustafa R / Jones, Colin D / Mukhtyar, Chetan B

    Clinical medicine (London, England)

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 206–212

    Abstract: Background: We present the largest study of the frequency and nature of visual complications in a cohort of 350 patients consecutively diagnosed with giant cell arteritis (GCA).: Methods: All individuals were assessed using structured forms and ... ...

    Abstract Background: We present the largest study of the frequency and nature of visual complications in a cohort of 350 patients consecutively diagnosed with giant cell arteritis (GCA).
    Methods: All individuals were assessed using structured forms and diagnosed using imaging or biopsy. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyse data for predicting visual loss.
    Results: Visual symptoms occurred in 101 (28.9%) patients, with visual loss in one or both eyes in 48 (13.7%) patients. Four patients had binocular visual loss. Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (N=31), retinal artery obstruction (N=8) and occipital stroke (N=2) were the main causes of visual loss. Of the 47 individuals who had repeat visual acuity testing at 7 days, three individuals had improvement to 6/9 or better. After introducing the fast-track pathway, the frequency of visual loss decreased from 18.7% to 11.5%. Age at diagnosis (odds ratio (OR) 1.12) and headache (OR 0.22) were significant determinants of visual loss in a multivariate model. Jaw claudication trended to significance (OR 1.96, p=0.054).
    Conclusions: We recorded a visual loss frequency of 13.7% in the largest cohort of patients with GCA examined from a single centre. Although improvement in vision was rare, a dedicated fast-track pathway reduced visual loss. Headache could result in earlier diagnosis and protect against visual loss.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Giant Cell Arteritis/complications ; Giant Cell Arteritis/epidemiology ; Giant Cell Arteritis/diagnosis ; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic/etiology ; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic/complications ; Vision Disorders/etiology ; Vision Disorders/complications ; Retinal Artery Occlusion/complications ; Headache/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2048646-7
    ISSN 1473-4893 ; 1470-2118
    ISSN (online) 1473-4893
    ISSN 1470-2118
    DOI 10.7861/clinmed.2022-0415
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  10. Article ; Online: The need to establish standards of care for Giant Cell Arteritis.

    Mukhtyar, Chetan / Hodgson, Humphrey

    Rheumatology (Oxford, England)

    2019  Volume 59, Issue 4, Page(s) 702–704

    MeSH term(s) Delivery of Health Care ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Geographic Mapping ; Giant Cell Arteritis/therapy ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Patient Care Team ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Rheumatology ; Specialization ; Standard of Care ; State Medicine ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1464822-2
    ISSN 1462-0332 ; 1462-0324
    ISSN (online) 1462-0332
    ISSN 1462-0324
    DOI 10.1093/rheumatology/kez548
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