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  1. Article ; Online: Survey of Pediatric ICU EEG Monitoring-Reassessment After a Decade.

    Fung, France W / Carpenter, Jessica L / Chapman, Kevin E / Gallentine, William / Giza, Christopher C / Goldstein, Joshua L / Hahn, Cecil D / Loddenkemper, Tobias / Matsumoto, Joyce H / Press, Craig A / Riviello, James J / Abend, Nicholas S

    Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society

    2023  

    Abstract: Purpose: In 2011, the authors conducted a survey regarding continuous EEG (CEEG) utilization in critically ill children. In the interim decade, the literature has expanded, and guidelines and consensus statements have addressed CEEG utilization. Thus, ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: In 2011, the authors conducted a survey regarding continuous EEG (CEEG) utilization in critically ill children. In the interim decade, the literature has expanded, and guidelines and consensus statements have addressed CEEG utilization. Thus, the authors aimed to characterize current practice related to CEEG utilization in critically ill children.
    Methods: The authors conducted an online survey of pediatric neurologists from 50 US and 12 Canadian institutions in 2022.
    Results: The authors assessed responses from 48 of 62 (77%) surveyed institutions. Reported CEEG indications were consistent with consensus statement recommendations and included altered mental status after a seizure or status epilepticus, altered mental status of unknown etiology, or altered mental status with an acute primary neurological condition. Since the prior survey, there was a 3- to 4-fold increase in the number of patients undergoing CEEG per month and greater use of written pathways for ICU CEEG. However, variability in resources and workflow persisted, particularly regarding technologist availability, frequency of CEEG screening, communication approaches, and electrographic seizure management approaches.
    Conclusions: Among the surveyed institutions, which included primarily large academic centers, CEEG use in pediatric intensive care units has increased with some practice standardization, but variability in resources and workflow were persistent.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605640-4
    ISSN 1537-1603 ; 0736-0258
    ISSN (online) 1537-1603
    ISSN 0736-0258
    DOI 10.1097/WNP.0000000000001006
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  2. Article ; Online: Evaluation of self-measured blood pressure monitoring in a southern rural West Virginia health system.

    Durr, Andrya J / Robinson, Craig H / Seabury, Robin A / Calkins, Andrea L / Pollard, Cecil R / Thygeson, N Marcus / Lindberg, Curt C / McColley, Jessica M / Baus, Adam D

    Rural and remote health

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) 8248

    Abstract: Introduction: At the time of the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey, an estimated 32.3% of adults in the US and nearly half (43.4%, 776 000) of adults in West Virginia (WV) had hypertension. Further, the Interactive Atlas of Heart ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: At the time of the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey, an estimated 32.3% of adults in the US and nearly half (43.4%, 776 000) of adults in West Virginia (WV) had hypertension. Further, the Interactive Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke estimates an increase in the percentage of adults with hypertension in the US from 32.3% to 47.0%, with hypertension rates in WV rising as high as 58.7%, indicating a significant public health concern in the community. Hypertension increases the risk of several negative health outcomes, including heart disease and stroke, and leads to increased economic and chronic disease burden. Although certain unmodifiable factors (sex, age, race, ethnicity, and family history) increase the risk of developing hypertension, a healthy lifestyle - including a nutritious diet, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding nicotine products, and participating in regular moderate physical activity - can decrease the risk of developing hypertension. Self-measured blood pressure (SMBP) monitoring, or home BP monitoring, when integrated with a provider's clinical management approach, is linked to improvements in BP management and control. This study represents a mid-point assessment of a remote SMBP monitoring program implemented by Cabin Creek Health Systems (CCHS), a federally qualified health center, and its impact on BP control.
    Methods: CCHS implemented SMBP programming in March 2020 as one element of a developing comprehensive program aimed at reducing uncontrolled hypertension, and therefore chronic disease burden, in its service area and patient population. The project, funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration, continued to February 2023. This report represents a mid-point analysis and was based on the retrospective analysis of de-identified data collected for 234 patients to June 2022, who were assessed for changes in BP between the date of enrollment and the most recently available BP measurement. Patients were enrolled in the SMBP program if they exhibited current or previous indicators of uncontrolled hypertension (systolic ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥90 mmHg), at the discretion of their provider, and were equipped with an iBloodPressure cellular connected home BP monitoring system, manufactured by Smart Meter. Their BP readings were documented in the integration software TimeDoc Health and electronic health record athenahealth.
    Results: At the time of enrollment, 201 (86.0%) patients had uncontrolled hypertension, with 116 (49.6%) patients having both uncontrolled systolic (≥140 mmHg) and diastolic (≥90 mmHg) values. At follow-up, the number of patients with uncontrolled hypertension decreased from 201 to 98 (41.9%), with only 36 (15.4%) patients having both uncontrolled systolic and diastolic values. Additionally, 26 (11.1%) patients were in hypertensive crisis at the time of enrollment, and no patients remained in crisis at the time of follow-up. The number of patients with BP values in the controlled range (systolic <140 mmHg and diastolic <90 mmHg) increased from 33 (14.1%) at enrollment to 136 (58.1%) at follow-up. Overall, there was a 44.0% increase in the number of patients with BP values in the controlled range at follow-up, and a concomitant 44.1% decrease in the number of patients in the uncontrolled range. These observations were consistent across multiple demographic indicators, including clinic location, three-digit zip code, and patient sex.
    Conclusion: Systematic implementation of remote BP monitoring, when integrated into clinician workflows, was associated with a substantial reduction in the number of patients with uncontrolled hypertension in this rural federally qualified health center. Further, CCHS was successful in implementing a remote SMBP monitoring program in a community challenged with transportation insecurity, and poor cellular and broadband access, of which lessons learned are applicable to other health systems interested in pursuing comparable efforts.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Blood Pressure ; Retrospective Studies ; West Virginia ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Heart Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-03
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2105620-1
    ISSN 1445-6354 ; 1445-6354
    ISSN (online) 1445-6354
    ISSN 1445-6354
    DOI 10.22605/RRH8248
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  3. Article ; Online: Outer Membrane Vesicle-Host Cell Interactions.

    Cecil, Jessica D / Sirisaengtaksin, Natalie / O'Brien-Simpson, Neil M / Krachler, Anne Marie

    Microbiology spectrum

    2018  Volume 7, Issue 1

    Abstract: Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized proteoliposomes derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. They are ubiquitously produced both in culture and during infection and are now recognized to play crucial roles during host-microbe ... ...

    Abstract Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized proteoliposomes derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. They are ubiquitously produced both in culture and during infection and are now recognized to play crucial roles during host-microbe interactions. OMVs can transport a broad range of chemically diverse cargoes, including lipids and lipopolysaccharides, membrane-embedded and associated proteins and small molecules, peptidoglycan, and nucleic acids. Particularly, virulence factors such as adhesins and toxins are often enriched in OMVs. Here we discuss a variety of ways in which OMVs facilitate host-microbe interactions, including their contributions to biofilm formation, nutrient scavenging, and modulation of host cell function. We particularly examine recent findings regarding OMV-host cell interactions in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract.
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/immunology ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Biological Transport/physiology ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/immunology ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/metabolism ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Proteolipids/immunology ; Proteolipids/metabolism ; Transport Vesicles/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Proteolipids ; proteoliposomes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/microbiolspec.PSIB-0001-2018
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  4. Article ; Online: Mental Health Challenges and Needs among Sexual and Gender Minority People in Western Kenya.

    Harper, Gary W / Crawford, Jessica / Lewis, Katherine / Mwochi, Caroline Rucah / Johnson, Gabriel / Okoth, Cecil / Jadwin-Cakmak, Laura / Onyango, Daniel Peter / Kumar, Manasi / Wilson, Bianca D M

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 3

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Background
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Gender Identity ; Humans ; Kenya/epidemiology ; Male ; Mental Health ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph18031311
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  5. Article ; Online: Mental Health Challenges and Needs among Sexual and Gender Minority People in Western Kenya

    Gary W. Harper / Jessica Crawford / Katherine Lewis / Caroline Rucah Mwochi / Gabriel Johnson / Cecil Okoth / Laura Jadwin-Cakmak / Daniel Peter Onyango / Manasi Kumar / Bianca D. M. Wilson

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 1311, p

    2021  Volume 1311

    Abstract: Background : Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people in Kenya face pervasive socio-cultural and structural discrimination. Persistent stress stemming from anti-SGM stigma and prejudice may place SGM individuals at increased risk for negative mental ... ...

    Abstract Background : Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people in Kenya face pervasive socio-cultural and structural discrimination. Persistent stress stemming from anti-SGM stigma and prejudice may place SGM individuals at increased risk for negative mental health outcomes. This study explored experiences with violence (intimate partner violence and SGM-based violence), mental health outcomes (psychological distress, PTSD symptoms, and depressive symptoms), alcohol and other substance use, and prioritization of community needs among SGM adults in Western Kenya. Methods : This study was conducted by members of a collaborative research partnership between a U.S. academic institution and a Kenyan LGBTQ civil society organization (CSO). A convenience sample of 527 SGM adults (92.7% ages 18–34) was recruited from community venues to complete a cross-sectional survey either on paper or through an online secure platform. Results : For comparative analytic purposes, three sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) groups were created: 1) cisgender sexual minority women (SMW; 24.9%), 2) cisgender sexual minority men (SMM; 63.8%), and 3) gender minority individuals (GMI; 11.4%). Overall, 11.7% of participants reported clinically significant levels of psychological distress, 53.2% reported clinically significant levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and 26.1% reported clinically significant levels of depressive symptoms. No statistically significant differences in clinical levels of these mental health concerns were detected across SOGI groups. Overall, 76.2% of participants reported ever using alcohol, 45.6% home brew, 43.5% tobacco, 39.1% marijuana, and 27.7% miraa or khat. Statistically significant SOGI group differences on potentially problematic substance use revealed that GMI participants were less likely to use alcohol and tobacco daily; and SMM participants were more likely to use marijuana daily. Lifetime intimate partner violence (IPV) was reported by 42.5% of participants, and lifetime SGM-based violence (SGMV) was reported by 43.4%. GMI participants were more likely than other SOGI groups to have experienced both IPV and SGMV. Participants who experienced SGMV had significantly higher rates of clinically significant depressive and PTSD symptoms. Conclusions : Despite current resilience demonstrated by SGM adults in Kenya, there is an urgent need to develop and deliver culturally appropriate mental health services for this population. Given the pervasiveness of anti-SGM violence, services should be provided using trauma-informed principles, and be sensitive to the lived experiences of SGM adults in Kenya. Community and policy levels interventions are needed to decrease SGM-based stigma and violence, increase SGM visibility and acceptance, and create safe and affirming venues for mental health care. Political prioritization of SGM mental health is needed for sustainable change.
    Keywords Kenya ; mental health ; sexual and gender minority ; LGBTQ ; violence ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 150 ; 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
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  6. Article: Outer Membrane Vesicles Prime and Activate Macrophage Inflammasomes and Cytokine Secretion

    Cecil, Jessica D / O'Brien-Simpson, Neil M / Lenzo, Jason C / Holden, James A / Singleton, William / Perez-Gonzalez, Alexis / Mansell, Ashley / Reynolds, Eric C

    Frontiers in immunology

    2017  Volume 8, Page(s) 1017

    Abstract: Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are proteoliposomes blebbed from the surface of Gram-negative bacteria. Chronic periodontitis is associated with an increase in subgingival plaque of Gram-negative bacteria, ...

    Abstract Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are proteoliposomes blebbed from the surface of Gram-negative bacteria. Chronic periodontitis is associated with an increase in subgingival plaque of Gram-negative bacteria,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01017
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  7. Article ; Online: Ablation of conceptus PTGS2 expression does not alter early conceptus development and establishment of pregnancy in the pig†.

    Pfeiffer, Caroline A / Meyer, Ashley E / Brooks, Kelsey E / Chen, Paula R / Milano-Foster, Jessica / Spate, Lee D / Benne, Joshua A / Cecil, Raissa F / Samuel, Melissa S / Ciernia, Lauren A / Spinka, Christine M / Smith, Michael F / Wells, Kevin D / Spencer, Thomas E / Prather, Randall S / Geisert, Rodney D

    Biology of reproduction

    2019  Volume 102, Issue 2, Page(s) 475–488

    Abstract: Pig conceptuses secrete estrogens (E2), interleukin 1 beta 2 (IL1B2), and prostaglandins (PGs) during the period of rapid trophoblast elongation and establishment of pregnancy. Previous studies established that IL1B2 is essential for rapid conceptus ... ...

    Abstract Pig conceptuses secrete estrogens (E2), interleukin 1 beta 2 (IL1B2), and prostaglandins (PGs) during the period of rapid trophoblast elongation and establishment of pregnancy. Previous studies established that IL1B2 is essential for rapid conceptus elongation, whereas E2 is not essential for conceptus elongation or early maintenance of the corpora lutea. The objective of the present study was to determine if conceptus expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and release of PG are important for early development and establishment of pregnancy. To understand the role of PTGS2 in conceptus elongation and pregnancy establishment, a loss-of-function study was conducted by editing PTGS2 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Wild-type (PTGS2+/+) and null (PTGS2-/-) fibroblast cells were used to create embryos through somatic cell nuclear transfer. Immunolocalization of PTGS2 and PG production was absent in cultured PTGS2-/- blastocysts on day 7. PTGS2+/+ and PTGS2-/- blastocysts were transferred into surrogate gilts, and the reproductive tracts were collected on either days 14, 17, or 35 of pregnancy. After flushing the uterus on days 14 and 17, filamentous conceptuses were cultured for 3 h to determine PG production. Conceptus release of total PG, prostaglandin F2⍺ (PGF2α), and PGE in culture media was lower with PTGS2-/- conceptuses compared to PTGS2+/+ conceptuses. However, the total PG, PGF2α, and PGE content in the uterine flushings was not different. PTGS2-/- conceptus surrogates allowed to continue pregnancy were maintained beyond 30 days of gestation. These results indicate that pig conceptus PTGS2 is not essential for early development and establishment of pregnancy in the pig.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Blastocyst/metabolism ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics ; Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism ; Dinoprost/metabolism ; Dinoprostone/metabolism ; Embryo Implantation/physiology ; Embryonic Development/physiology ; Endometrium/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Pregnancy ; Swine
    Chemical Substances Dinoprost (B7IN85G1HY) ; Cyclooxygenase 2 (EC 1.14.99.1) ; Dinoprostone (K7Q1JQR04M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1118-6
    ISSN 1529-7268 ; 0006-3363
    ISSN (online) 1529-7268
    ISSN 0006-3363
    DOI 10.1093/biolre/ioz192
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    Zs.A 551: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Longitudinal epigenetic predictors of amygdala:hippocampus volume ratio.

    Walton, Esther / Cecil, Charlotte A M / Suderman, Matthew / Liu, Jingyu / Turner, Jessica A / Calhoun, Vince / Ehrlich, Stefan / Relton, Caroline L / Barker, Edward D

    Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines

    2017  Volume 58, Issue 12, Page(s) 1341–1350

    Abstract: Background: The ratio between amygdala:hippocampal (AH) volume has been associated with multiple psychiatric problems, including anxiety and aggression. Yet, little is known about its biological underpinnings. Here, we used a methylome-wide approach to ... ...

    Abstract Background: The ratio between amygdala:hippocampal (AH) volume has been associated with multiple psychiatric problems, including anxiety and aggression. Yet, little is known about its biological underpinnings. Here, we used a methylome-wide approach to test (a) whether DNA methylation in early life (birth, age 7) prospectively associates with total AH volume ratio in early adulthood, and (b) whether significant DNA methylation markers are influenced by prenatal risk factors.
    Methods: Analyses were based on a subsample (n = 109 males) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, which included measures of prenatal risk, DNA methylation (Infinium Illumina 450k), T1-weighted brain scans and psychopathology in early adulthood (age 18-21). Amygdala and hippocampus measures were derived using Freesurfer 5.3.0. Methylation markers related to AH volume ratio across time were identified using longitudinal multilevel modeling.
    Results: Amygdala:hippocampal volume ratio correlated positively with age 18 psychosis-like symptoms (p = .007). Methylation of a probe in the gene SP6 associated longitudinally with (a) higher AH volume ratio (FDR q-value = .01) and (b) higher stressful life events during pregnancy (p = .046). SP6 is expressed in the hippocampus and amygdala and has been implicated in cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. The association between SP6 DNA methylation, AH volume ratio and psychopathology was replicated in an independent dataset of 101 patients with schizophrenia and 111 healthy controls.
    Conclusions: Our findings suggest that epigenetic alterations in genes implicated in neurodevelopment may contribute to a brain-based biomarker of psychopathology.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Amygdala/anatomy & histology ; Amygdala/diagnostic imaging ; Amygdala/metabolism ; Amygdala/pathology ; Child ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology ; Hippocampus/diagnostic imaging ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Hippocampus/pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Longitudinal Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnostic imaging ; Psychotic Disorders/metabolism ; Psychotic Disorders/pathology ; Risk ; Stress, Psychological/complications ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218136-8
    ISSN 1469-7610 ; 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    ISSN (online) 1469-7610
    ISSN 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    DOI 10.1111/jcpp.12740
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  9. Article: Ablation of conceptus PTGS2 expression does not alter early conceptus development and establishment of pregnancy in the pig

    Pfeiffer, Caroline A. / Meyer, Ashley E. / Brooks, Kelsey E. / Chen, Paula R. / Milano-Foster, Jessica / Spate, Lee D. / Benne, Joshua A. / Cecil, Raissa F. / Samuel, Melissa S. / Ciernia, Lauren A. / Spinka, Christine M. / Smith, Michael F. / Wells, Kevin D. / Spencer, Thomas E. / Prather, Randall S. / Geisert, Rodney D.

    Biology of Reproduction. 2020 Feb., v. 102, no. 2

    2020  

    Abstract: Pig conceptuses secrete estrogens (E2), interleukin 1 beta 2 (IL1B2), and prostaglandins (PGs) during the period of rapid trophoblast elongation and establishment of pregnancy. Previous studies established that IL1B2 is essential for rapid conceptus ... ...

    Abstract Pig conceptuses secrete estrogens (E2), interleukin 1 beta 2 (IL1B2), and prostaglandins (PGs) during the period of rapid trophoblast elongation and establishment of pregnancy. Previous studies established that IL1B2 is essential for rapid conceptus elongation, whereas E2 is not essential for conceptus elongation or early maintenance of the corpora lutea. The objective of the present study was to determine if conceptus expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and release of PG are important for early development and establishment of pregnancy. To understand the role of PTGS2 in conceptus elongation and pregnancy establishment, a loss-of-function study was conducted by editing PTGS2 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Wild-type (PTGS2+/+) and null (PTGS2-/-) fibroblast cells were used to create embryos through somatic cell nuclear transfer. Immunolocalization of PTGS2 and PG production was absent in cultured PTGS2-/- blastocysts on day 7. PTGS2+/+ and PTGS2-/- blastocysts were transferred into surrogate gilts, and the reproductive tracts were collected on either days 14, 17, or 35 of pregnancy. After flushing the uterus on days 14 and 17, filamentous conceptuses were cultured for 3 h to determine PG production. Conceptus release of total PG, prostaglandin F2⍺ (PGF2α), and PGE in culture media was lower with PTGS2-/- conceptuses compared to PTGS2+/+ conceptuses. However, the total PG, PGF2α, and PGE content in the uterine flushings was not different. PTGS2-/- conceptus surrogates allowed to continue pregnancy were maintained beyond 30 days of gestation. These results indicate that pig conceptus PTGS2 is not essential for early development and establishment of pregnancy in the pig.
    Keywords CRISPR-Cas systems ; conceptus ; early development ; fibroblasts ; interleukin-1 ; loss-of-function mutation ; pregnancy ; prostaglandin synthase ; prostaglandins ; somatic cells ; trophoblast ; uterus
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-02
    Size p. 475-488.
    Publishing place Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1118-6
    ISSN 1529-7268 ; 0006-3363
    ISSN (online) 1529-7268
    ISSN 0006-3363
    DOI 10.1093/biolre/ioz192
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  10. Article ; Online: Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.

    Cecil, Jessica D / O'Brien-Simpson, Neil M / Lenzo, Jason C / Holden, James A / Chen, Yu-Yen / Singleton, William / Gause, Katelyn T / Yan, Yan / Caruso, Frank / Reynolds, Eric C

    PloS one

    2016  Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) e0151967

    Abstract: Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient ... ...

    Abstract Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation. Cryo-TEM and light scattering showed OMVs to be single lipid-bilayers with modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm. Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer. P. gingivalis OMVs induced strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses and moderate responses in TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, NOD1 and NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells. Responses to T. forsythia OMVs were less than those of P. gingivalis and T. denticola OMVs induced only weak responses. Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids. Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/chemistry ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/immunology ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/isolation & purification ; Bacteroides/chemistry ; Bacteroides/immunology ; Cell Line ; Chronic Periodontitis/immunology ; Chronic Periodontitis/microbiology ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides/analysis ; Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein/immunology ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/immunology ; Peptidoglycan/analysis ; Porphyromonas gingivalis/chemistry ; Porphyromonas gingivalis/immunology ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/chemistry ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/isolation & purification ; Toll-Like Receptor 2/immunology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/immunology ; Treponema denticola/chemistry ; Treponema denticola/immunology
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; Lipopolysaccharides ; NOD1 protein, human ; NOD2 protein, human ; Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein ; Peptidoglycan ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition ; TLR2 protein, human ; TLR4 protein, human ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; Toll-Like Receptor 4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0151967
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    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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