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Book ; Online: Magnetostratigraphic calibration of Southern Ocean diatom datums from the Eocene-Oligocene of Kerguelen Plateau (Ocean Drilling Program sites 744 and 748), supplementary data to: Roberts, Andrew P; Bicknell, Simon J; Byatt, Joanne; Bohaty, Steven M; Florindo, Fabio; Harwood, David M (2003): Magnetostratigraphic calibration of Southern Ocean diatom datums from the Eocene-Oligocene of Kerguelen Plateau (Ocean Drilling Program sites 744 and 748). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 198(1-2), 145-168

Roberts, Andrew P / Bicknell, Simon J / Bohaty, Steven M / Byatt, Joanne / Florindo, Fabio / Harwood, David M

2003

Abstract: Ocean Drilling Program holes 744A and 748B represent key sections for calibration of Southern Ocean Eocene-Oligocene biostratigraphic zonations. Sites 744 and 748 were above the carbonate compensation depth throughout this time interval and contain good ... ...

Abstract	Ocean Drilling Program holes 744A and 748B represent key sections for calibration of Southern Ocean Eocene-Oligocene biostratigraphic zonations. Sites 744 and 748 were above the carbonate compensation depth throughout this time interval and contain good planktonic foraminiferal, calcareous nannofossil, and diatom biostratigraphic records. In particular, the Southern Ocean diatom biostratigraphic zonation for the Oligocene critically hinges on calibration of these two holes. Previous low-resolution magnetostratigraphic studies at these sites were hampered by limited sampling and technical difficulties, which prompted our high-resolution reinvestigation of the magnetostratigraphy. Magnetic polarity zonations for holes 744A and 748B were constructed after inspection of vector component plots at 1-cm stratigraphic intervals from continuous u-channel measurements. The magnetizations are generally stable and a robust polarity stratigraphy has been obtained for both holes. The increased resolution of our study and identification of persistent secondary overprints, which were not recognised in previous studies, suggests that the previously published interpretations need to be revised. Our magnetostratigraphic interpretations for both holes are constrained by foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil datums, as well as by Sr isotope ages. We have calibrated four diatom datums, which are synchronous at the two studied sites, to the geomagnetic polarity timescale, including the first occurrence (FO) of Lisitzinia ornata (27.8 Ma), the FO of Rocella vigilans var. B (27.8 Ma), the FO of Cavitatus jouseanus (30.9 Ma) and the FO of Rhizosolenia oligocaenica (33.8 Ma). The synchroneity of these datums suggests that diatom biostratigraphy has considerable potential for Palaeogene biostratigraphic correlation in the Southern Ocean. Although the ages of some datums are obscured by an unconformity in Hole 744A, our age model from Hole 748B suggests age estimates for the last common occurrence of Rocella vigilans var. A (~29.0 Ma), the FO of Rocella vigilans var. A (30.0 Ma) and the FO of Rhizosolenia antarctica (33.2 Ma). It should also be noted that the last occurrence of the calcareous nannofossil Chiasmolithus altus occurs in Chron C8r rather than C8n in our revised magnetostratigraphic interpretation, which indicates that this datum is not diachronous between low and mid latitudes as had previously been suggested. Significant unconformities are documented in both holes, in the middle Oligocene and in the middle late Oligocene, respectively, which probably resulted from periods of enhanced circumpolar deep-water circulation.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2003-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00397-3
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.695407
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Online: Chronostratigraphy of sediment core CRP-2/2A (Table 1), supplementary data to: Wilson, Gary S; Bohaty, Steven M; Fielding, Christopher R; Florindo, Fabio; Hannah, Mike J; Harwood, David M; McIntosh, WC; Naish, Tim R; Roberts, Andrew P; Sagnotti, Leo; Scherer, Reed P; Strong, C Percy; Versub, KL; Villa, Giuliana; Watkins, David K; Webb, Peter-Noel; Woolfe, Ken (2000): Chronostratigraphy of CRP-2/2A, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica. Terra Antartica, 7(4), 647-654

Wilson, Gary S / Bohaty, Steven M / Fielding, Christopher R / Florindo, Fabio / Hannah, Mike J / Harwood, David M / McIntosh, WC / Naish, Tim R / Roberts, Andrew P / al., et

2000

Abstract: The 624.15 m glaciomarine sedimentary succession recovered in the CRP-2/2A drillcore comprises lower Oligocene (

Abstract	The 624.15 m glaciomarine sedimentary succession recovered in the CRP-2/2A drillcore comprises lower Oligocene (<c. 31 Ma) to lower Miocene (18.5 Ma) strata that are overlain by a thin succession of Pliocene and Pleistocene strata. The age model for the CRP-2/2A drillhole, as presented in this paper, is based on combined microfossil biostratigraphy. 40Ar/39Ar age on volcanic material, 87Sr/86Sr analyses on mollusc shells, and correlation of a magnetic polarity zonation to the magnetic polarity time scale (MPTS). Between 25.92 and 109.05 metres below sea floor (mbsf), several alternative correlations to the MPTS are possible, all of which suggest that sediment accumulation rates averaged ~180 m/m.y. between unconformities, although actual sedimentation rates may have been higher. Between 109.05 and 306.65 mbsf, the age model is straightforward and average sedimentation rates were much higher (>1000 m/m.y.). Between 306.65 mbsf and the bottom of the drillcore (624.15 mbsf), fewer datums are available to constrain the age model and unique correlation with the MPTS is not possible, although high average sediment accumulation rates are likely. A significant unconformity is identified at 306.65 mbsf, which may represent as much as 5 m.y. of missing time. Additional unconformities at 25.92 and 130.27 mbsf account for c. 16 and 2.5 m.y. of missing time, respectively. The Oligocene-lower Miocene interval documented in the CRP-2/2A drillcore spans about 13 million years, however, it is possible that more time is missing in sequence-bounding unconformities than is represented in the stratigraphic record recovered in the CRP-2/2A drillcore.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2000-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to hdl:10013/epic.28244.d001
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.189249
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article ; Online: A method for increasing 3D body scanning's precision: Gryphon and consecutive scanning.

Parker, Christopher J / Gill, Simeon / Harwood, Adrian / Hayes, Steven G / Ahmed, Maryam

Ergonomics

2021 Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–59

Abstract: The fashion industry cannot use 3 D Body Scanning to create custom garment patterns because its measurements fail to meet ISO 20685:2010's tolerances. To advance 3 D Body Scanning's precision, we present Gryphon: an algorithm that removes the two most ... ...

Abstract	The fashion industry cannot use 3 D Body Scanning to create custom garment patterns because its measurements fail to meet ISO 20685:2010's tolerances. To advance 3 D Body Scanning's precision, we present Gryphon: an algorithm that removes the two most extreme measurements from five body scans; removing potentially erroneous data. We assess Gryphon's precision against current industry practice, determine if consecutive and non-consecutive data capture influences precision, and determine 3 D Body Scanning's inherent imprecision inherent. We analyse 97 participants over 121 industry-standard measurements for consecutive and non-consecutive data-capture through MANOVA statistical analysis. Under current industry practice, only one measurement meets ISO 20685. However, under Gryphon and consecutive scanning, 97.5% of measurements meet ISO 20685. We also prove that the body's in-scan movement does not affect reliability. Ultimately, we offer the fashion industry, ergonomists, and practitioners an accessible method to increase 3 D Body Scanning's precision at a level unavailable under previous methods.
MeSH term(s)	Anthropometry ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1920-3
ISSN	1366-5847 ; 0014-0139
ISSN (online)	1366-5847
ISSN	0014-0139
DOI	10.1080/00140139.2021.1931473
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Article ; Online: A worldwide population of

Lacey, Jake A / Bennett, Julie / James, Taylah B / Hines, Benjamin S / Chen, Tiffany / Lee, Darren / Sika-Paotonu, Dianne / Anderson, Anneka / Harwood, Matire / Tong, Steven Y C / Baker, Michael G / Williamson, Deborah A / Moreland, Nicole J

The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific

2023 Volume 42, Page(s) 100964

Abstract: Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a serious post-infectious sequala of Group A : Methods: Isolates (n = 469) collected between March 2018 and October 2019 from the throats and skin of children (5-14 years) underwent whole genomic sequencing. ...

Abstract	Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a serious post-infectious sequala of Group A Methods: Isolates (n = 469) collected between March 2018 and October 2019 from the throats and skin of children (5-14 years) underwent whole genomic sequencing. Equal representation across three ethnic groups was ensured through sample quotas with isolates obtained from Indigenous Māori (n = 157, 33%), NZ European/Other (n = 149, 32%) and Pacific Peoples children (n = 163, 35%). Using Findings: Genomic analysis revealed a diverse population consisting of 65 distinct sequence clusters. These sequence clusters spanned 49 Interpretation: The GAS population was characterized by a high diversity of strains, resembling patterns observed in low- and middle-income countries. However, strains associated with outbreaks and antimicrobial resistance commonly found in high-income countries were also observed. This unique combination poses challenges for vaccine development, disease management and control. Funding: The work was supported by the Health Research Council of New Zealand (HRC), award number 16/005.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-6065
ISSN (online)	2666-6065
DOI	10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100964
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Article ; Online: A worldwide population of Streptococcus pyogenes strains circulating among school-aged children in Auckland, New Zealand

Jake A. Lacey / Julie Bennett / Taylah B. James / Benjamin S. Hines / Tiffany Chen / Darren Lee / Dianne Sika-Paotonu / Anneka Anderson / Matire Harwood / Steven Y.C. Tong / Michael G. Baker / Deborah A. Williamson / Nicole J. Moreland

The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific, Vol 42, Iss , Pp 100964- (2024)

a genomic epidemiology analysisResearch in context

1481

Abstract: Summary: Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a serious post-infectious sequala of Group A Streptococcus (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes). In New Zealand (NZ) ARF is a major cause of health inequity. This study describes the genomic analysis of GAS ... ...

Abstract	Summary: Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a serious post-infectious sequala of Group A Streptococcus (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes). In New Zealand (NZ) ARF is a major cause of health inequity. This study describes the genomic analysis of GAS isolates associated with childhood skin and throat infections in Auckland NZ. Methods: Isolates (n = 469) collected between March 2018 and October 2019 from the throats and skin of children (5–14 years) underwent whole genomic sequencing. Equal representation across three ethnic groups was ensured through sample quotas with isolates obtained from Indigenous Māori (n = 157, 33%), NZ European/Other (n = 149, 32%) and Pacific Peoples children (n = 163, 35%). Using in silico techniques isolates were classified, assessed for diversity, and examined for distribution differences between groups. Comparisons were also made with GAS strains identified globally. Findings: Genomic analysis revealed a diverse population consisting of 65 distinct sequence clusters. These sequence clusters spanned 49 emm-types, with 11 emm-types comprised of several, distinct sequence clusters. There is evidence of multiple global introductions of different lineages into the population, as well as local clonal expansion. The M1UK lineage comprised 35% of all emm1 isolates. Interpretation: The GAS population was characterized by a high diversity of strains, resembling patterns observed in low- and middle-income countries. However, strains associated with outbreaks and antimicrobial resistance commonly found in high-income countries were also observed. This unique combination poses challenges for vaccine development, disease management and control. Funding: The work was supported by the Health Research Council of New Zealand (HRC), award number 16/005.
Keywords	Streptococcus pyogenes ; Impetigo ; Pharyngitis ; Genomics ; Children ; New Zealand ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Treating Posttransplant Anemia With Erythropoietin Improves Quality of Life but Does Not Affect Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Pile, Taryn / Raftery, Martin / Thuraisingham, Raj / Kirwan, Christopher J / Harwood, Steven / Yaqoob, Muhammed M

Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation

2019 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 27–33

Abstract: Objectives: Posttransplant anemia affects 30% to 45% of kidney transplant recipients and is associated with increased morbidity. However, there is lack of evidence about safe hemoglobin levels after erythropoietin treatment. Studies are needed to better ...

Abstract	Objectives: Posttransplant anemia affects 30% to 45% of kidney transplant recipients and is associated with increased morbidity. However, there is lack of evidence about safe hemoglobin levels after erythropoietin treatment. Studies are needed to better understand the potential benefits and risks, as well as to define safe target hemoglobin ranges in these patients. Materials and methods: In this single-center exploratory, open-label randomized controlled trial, kidney trans-plant recipients with anemia 3 months posttransplant were either treated with epoetin beta to a hemoglobin target level of 11.5 to 13.5 g/dL (n = 28) or given no treatment (n = 27). Treatment effects on graft function and health quality of life were assessed. Results: After 2 years, hemoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in the epoetin beta treatment group than in the no treatment group (12.3 ± 0.18 vs 9.99 ± 0.22 g/dL; P < .0001). Estimated glomerular filtration rate, calculated by Modified Diet in Renal Disease 7, declined by 1.7 mL/min (interquartile range, -6 to 4.24) in the epoetin treatment group and by 4.16 mL/min (interquartile range, -12.42 to 2.78) in the no treatment group (P = .32). Rate of progression, determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate slope, was not significantly different between groups (-0.09 ± 0.1 vs -0.12 ± 0.15 mL/min for treated vs not treated; P = .78). Moreover, we observed no significant differences in proteinuria and blood pressure. Treated patients had greater improvements in the vitality and mental health domains of the Medical Outcomes Short Form Health Survey quality of life scores. Conclusions: Treatment of anemia in kidney transplant recipients to a hemoglobin level of 11.5 to 13.5 g/dL with erythropoietin improves some quality of life scores. The treatment was safe and not associated with adverse outcomes. There were no changes in rate of decline of graft function.
MeSH term(s)	Anemia/blood ; Anemia/diagnosis ; Anemia/drug therapy ; Anemia/etiology ; Biomarkers/blood ; Disease Progression ; Erythropoietin/adverse effects ; Erythropoietin/therapeutic use ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Hematinics/adverse effects ; Hematinics/therapeutic use ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; London ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects ; Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Hematinics ; Hemoglobins ; Recombinant Proteins ; epoetin beta ; Erythropoietin (11096-26-7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-10
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2396778-X
ISSN	2146-8427 ; 1304-0855
ISSN (online)	2146-8427
ISSN	1304-0855
DOI	10.6002/ect.2018.0283
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Article ; Online: Nearshore Benthic Mapping in the Great Lakes

Molly K. Reif / Brandon S. Krumwiede / Steven E. Brown / Ethan J. Theuerkauf / Joseph H. Harwood

Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 3026, p

A Multi-Agency Data Integration Approach in Southwest Lake Michigan

2021 Volume 3026

Abstract: The Laurentian Great Lakes comprise the largest assemblage of inland waterbodies in North America, with vast geographic, environmentally complex nearshore benthic substrate and associated habitat. The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, originally ... ...

Abstract	The Laurentian Great Lakes comprise the largest assemblage of inland waterbodies in North America, with vast geographic, environmentally complex nearshore benthic substrate and associated habitat. The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, originally signed in 1972, aims to help restore and protect the basin, and ecosystem monitoring is a primary objective to support adaptive management, environmental policy, and decision making. Yet, monitoring ecosystem trends remains challenging, potentially hindering progress in lake management and restoration. Consistent, high-resolution maps of nearshore substrate and associated habitat are fundamental to support management needs, and the nexus of high-quality remotely sensed data with improvements to analytical methods are increasing opportunities for large-scale nearshore benthic mapping at project-relevant spatial resolutions. This study attempts to advance the integration of high-fidelity data (airborne imagery and lidar, satellite imagery, in situ observations, etc.) and machine learning to identify and classify nearshore benthic substrate and associated habitat using a case study in southwest Lake Michigan along Illinois Beach State Park, Illinois, USA. Data inputs and analytical methods were evaluated to better understand their implications with respect to the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) classification hierarchy, resulting in an approach that could be easily applied to other shallow coastal environments. Classification of substrate and biotic components were iteratively classified in two Tiers in which classes with increasing specificity were identified using different combinations of airborne and satellite data inputs. Classification accuracy assessments revealed that for the Tier 1 substrate component (3 classes), average overall accuracy was 90.10 ± 0.60% for 24 airborne data combinations and 89.77 ± 1.02% for 12 satellite data combinations, whereas the Tier 1 biotic component (2 classes) average overall accuracy was 93.58 ± 0.91% for 24 airborne data combinations and 92.67 ± 0.71% for 11 satellite data combinations. The Tier 2 result for the substrate component (2 classes) was 93.28% for 2 airborne data combinations and 95.25% for the biotic component (2 classes). The study builds on foundational efforts to move towards a more integrated data approach, whereby data strengths and limitations for mapping nearshore benthic substrate and associated habitat, expressed through classification accuracy, were evaluated within the context of the CMECS classification hierarchy, and has direct applicability to critical monitoring needs in the Great Lakes.
Keywords	benthic mapping ; machine learning ; Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) ; airborne hyperspectral imagery ; Sentinel-2 imagery ; Illinois Beach State Park ; Science ; Q
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Nearshore Benthic Mapping in the Great Lakes: A Multi-Agency Data Integration Approach in Southwest Lake Michigan

Reif, Molly K. / Krumwiede, Brandon S. / Brown, Steven E. / Theuerkauf, Ethan J. / Harwood, Joseph H.

Remote Sensing. 2021 Aug. 01, v. 13, no. 15

2021

Abstract	The Laurentian Great Lakes comprise the largest assemblage of inland waterbodies in North America, with vast geographic, environmentally complex nearshore benthic substrate and associated habitat. The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, originally signed in 1972, aims to help restore and protect the basin, and ecosystem monitoring is a primary objective to support adaptive management, environmental policy, and decision making. Yet, monitoring ecosystem trends remains challenging, potentially hindering progress in lake management and restoration. Consistent, high-resolution maps of nearshore substrate and associated habitat are fundamental to support management needs, and the nexus of high-quality remotely sensed data with improvements to analytical methods are increasing opportunities for large-scale nearshore benthic mapping at project-relevant spatial resolutions. This study attempts to advance the integration of high-fidelity data (airborne imagery and lidar, satellite imagery, in situ observations, etc.) and machine learning to identify and classify nearshore benthic substrate and associated habitat using a case study in southwest Lake Michigan along Illinois Beach State Park, Illinois, USA. Data inputs and analytical methods were evaluated to better understand their implications with respect to the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) classification hierarchy, resulting in an approach that could be easily applied to other shallow coastal environments. Classification of substrate and biotic components were iteratively classified in two Tiers in which classes with increasing specificity were identified using different combinations of airborne and satellite data inputs. Classification accuracy assessments revealed that for the Tier 1 substrate component (3 classes), average overall accuracy was 90.10 ± 0.60% for 24 airborne data combinations and 89.77 ± 1.02% for 12 satellite data combinations, whereas the Tier 1 biotic component (2 classes) average overall accuracy was 93.58 ± 0.91% for 24 airborne data combinations and 92.67 ± 0.71% for 11 satellite data combinations. The Tier 2 result for the substrate component (2 classes) was 93.28% for 2 airborne data combinations and 95.25% for the biotic component (2 classes). The study builds on foundational efforts to move towards a more integrated data approach, whereby data strengths and limitations for mapping nearshore benthic substrate and associated habitat, expressed through classification accuracy, were evaluated within the context of the CMECS classification hierarchy, and has direct applicability to critical monitoring needs in the Great Lakes.
Keywords	adaptive management ; basins ; case studies ; ecosystems ; environmental policy ; habitats ; lidar ; remote sensing ; state parks ; surface water ; water management ; water quality ; Illinois ; Lake Michigan
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0801
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2513863-7
ISSN	2072-4292
ISSN	2072-4292
DOI	10.3390/rs13153026
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Geographic access to eye health services in Aotearoa New Zealand: which communities are being left behind?

Ramke, Jacqueline / Zhao, Jinfeng / Wilson, Oliver / Lee, Arier / Dakin, Steven / Watene, Renata / Cunningham, William / Harwood, Matire / Black, Joanna

Clinical & experimental optometry

2022 Volume 106, Issue 2, Page(s) 158–164

Abstract: Clinical relevance: Efforts to provide accessible eye care must consider the extent to which travel-distance may be a barrier for some communities.: Background: This study aimed to determine the distribution of - and geographic access to - eye health ...

Abstract	Clinical relevance: Efforts to provide accessible eye care must consider the extent to which travel-distance may be a barrier for some communities. Background: This study aimed to determine the distribution of - and geographic access to - eye health services in Aotearoa New Zealand. We further sought to identify communities who might benefit from provision of eye health services that were more geographically accessible. Methods: We obtained addresses of optometry and ophthalmology clinics from regulatory bodies and augmented this with online searches. Address locators were created using a Land Information dataset and geocoded using ArcGIS 10.6. A national population was derived using Statistics New Zealand's Integrated Data Infrastructure. We generated population-weighted centroids of each of New Zealand's 50,938 meshblocks and calculated the travel distance along the road network between each clinic and population (meshblock centroid). The proportion of the population living >50 km from each clinic type was calculated; as was the median, inter-quartile range and maximum distance across area-level deprivation quintiles in each district. Results: A national population of 4.88 million was identified, as were addresses for 344 optometry, 46 public ophthalmology and 90 private ophthalmology clinics. Nationally and within each district, travel distance to optometry was shorter than to either type of ophthalmology clinic. The region of Northland - with a high proportion of the population Māori and in the highest quintile of area-level deprivation - had the furthest average distance to travel to optometry and public ophthalmology, while the West Coast region on the South Island had the farthest to travel to private ophthalmology. Several communities were identified where longer distances intersected with higher area-level deprivation. Conclusion: Most New Zealanders live within 10 km of eye health services. However, to achieve equitable eye health, strategies are required that make affordable eye health services accessible to communities for whom large travel distances intersect with high deprivation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Health Services Accessibility ; New Zealand ; Health Services ; Ophthalmology ; Optometry
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639275-1
ISSN	1444-0938 ; 0816-4622
ISSN (online)	1444-0938
ISSN	0816-4622
DOI	10.1080/08164622.2022.2102410
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Article: Myocardial bioenergetic abnormalities in experimental uremia.

Chesser, Alistair Ms / Harwood, Steven M / Raftery, Martin J / Yaqoob, Muhammad M

International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease

2016 Volume 9, Page(s) 129–137

Abstract: Purpose: Cardiac bioenergetics are known to be abnormal in experimental uremia as exemplified by a reduced phosphocreatine (PCr)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ratio. However, the progression of these bioenergetic changes during the development of uremia ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Cardiac bioenergetics are known to be abnormal in experimental uremia as exemplified by a reduced phosphocreatine (PCr)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ratio. However, the progression of these bioenergetic changes during the development of uremia still requires further study and was therefore investigated at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after partial nephrectomy (PNx). Methods: A two-stage PNx uremia model in male Wistar rats was used to explore in vivo cardiac and skeletal muscles' bioenergetic changes over time. High-energy phosphate nucleotides were determined by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance ((31)P-NMR) and capillary zone electrophoresis. Results: (31)P-NMR spectroscopy revealed lower PCr/ATP ratios in PNx hearts compared to sham (SH)-operated animals 4 weeks after PNx (median values given ± SD, 0.64±0.16 PNx, 1.13±0.31 SH, P<0.02). However, 8 weeks after PNx, the same ratio was more comparable between the two groups (0.84±0.15 PNx, 1.04±0.44 SH, P= not significant), suggestive of an adaptive mechanism. When 8-week hearts were prestressed with dobutamine, the PCr/ATP ratio was again lower in the PNx group (1.08±0.36 PNx, 1.55±0.38 SH, P<0.02), indicating a reduced energy reserve during the progression of uremic heart disease. (31)P-NMR data were confirmed by capillary zone electrophoresis, and the changes in myocardial bioenergetics were replicated in the skeletal muscle. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the changes that occur in myocardial energetics in experimental uremia and highlights how skeletal muscle bioenergetics mirror those found in the cardiac tissue and so might potentially serve as a practical surrogate tissue during clinical cardiac NMR investigations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05-24
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2508160-3
ISSN	1178-7058
ISSN	1178-7058
DOI	10.2147/IJNRD.S89926
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