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Conference proceedings ; Online: The Viability of Harvesting Corn Cobs and Stover for Biofuel Production in North Dakota

Maung, Thein A. / Gustafson, Cole R.

2011

Abstract: ... cob and stover collection in North Dakota. Using three mathematical programming models, we analyze ...

Abstract	This study examines the impact of stochastic harvest field time, corn cob and stover harvest technologies, increases in farm size, and alternative tillage practices on profit maximizing potential of corn cob and stover collection in North Dakota. Using three mathematical programming models, we analyze farmers’ harvest activities under 1) corn grain only harvest option, 2) simultaneous corn grain and cob harvest(one-pass) option 3) separate corn grain and stover harvest (two-pass) option. Under the first corn grain only option, farmers are able to complete harvesting corn grain and achieve maximum net income in a fairly short amount of time with existing combine technology. However, under the simultaneous corn grain and cob one-pass harvest option, our findings indicate that farmers generate lower net income as compared to the net income of corn grain only harvest option. This is due to the slowdown in combine harvest capacity as a consequence of attaching cob harvester to the back of combine. Under the third option of a two-pass harvest system, time allocation is the main challenge and our evidence shows that with limited harvest field time available, farmers find it optimal to allocate most of their time harvesting grain, and then proceed to bale stover if time permits at the end of harvest season. As farm size increases, farmers are especially challenged in finding time to harvest both corn grain and cobs/stover. We show that a small decrease in corn yield due to changes in tillage practice can result in a large decline in the net profit of harvesting corn grain and cobs/stover.
Keywords	Cob ; Stover ; harvest field time ; optimization ; farm size ; tillage ; Crop Production/Industries ; Production Economics
Subject code	669
Language	English
Publishing country	us
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Audio / Video: The economic feasibility of sugar beet biofuel production in central North Dakota

Maung, Thein A / Gustafson, Cole R

Biomass and bioenergy. 2011 Oct., v. 35, no. 9

2011

Abstract	This study examines the financial feasibility of producing ethanol biofuel from sugar beets in central North Dakota. Under the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007, biofuel from sugar beets uniquely qualifies as an “advanced biofuel”. EISA mandates production of 21 billion gallons of advanced biofuels annually by 2022. A stochastic simulation financial model was calibrated with irrigated sugar beet data from central North Dakota to determine economic feasibility and risks of production for 0.038 hm3y−1 (or 10 MGY (Million Gallon per Year) and 0.076 hm3y−1 (or 20 MGY) ethanol plants. Study results indicate that feedstock costs, which include sugar beets and beet molasses, account for more than 70 percent of total production expenses. The estimated breakeven ethanol price for the 0.076 hm3y−1 plant is $400 m−3 ($1.52 per gallon) and $450 m−3 ($1.71 per gallon) for the 0.038 hm3y−1 plant. Breakeven prices for feedstocks are also estimated and show that the 0.076 hm3y−1 plant can tolerate greater ethanol and feedstock price risks than the 0.038 hm3y−1 plant. Our results also show that one of the most important factors that affect investment success is the price of ethanol. At an ethanol price of $484.21 m−3 ($1.84 per gallon), and assuming other factors remain unchanged, the estimated net present value (NPV) for the 0.076 hm3y−1 plant is $41.54 million. By comparison, the estimated NPV for the 0.038 hm3y−1 plant is only $8.30 million. Other factors such as changes in prices of co-products and utilities have a relatively minor effect on investment viability.
Keywords	beets ; biofuels ; coproducts ; economic feasibility ; energy ; ethanol ; feedstocks ; irrigation ; models ; molasses ; prices ; production costs ; risk ; sugar beet ; viability ; North Dakota
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-10
Size	p. 3737-3747.
Document type	Article ; Audio / Video
ZDB-ID	1090121-8
ISSN	0961-9534
ISSN	0961-9534
DOI	10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.05.022
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book: The economic feasbility of sugarbeet biofuel production in central North Dakota

Maung, Thein / Gustafson, Cole R

(Agribusiness and applied economics report ; no. 667)

2010

Institution	North Dakota State University. / Dept. of Agribusiness and Applied Economics. North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (Fargo) North Dakota State University. / Extension Service
Author's details	Thein Maung and Cole Gustafson
Series title	Agribusiness and applied economics report ; no. 667
Keywords	Biomass energy/Economic aspects ; Energy crops/Economic aspects ; Sugar beet/Economic aspects
Language	English
Size	iv, 21 p. :, ill.
Publisher	Dept. of Agribusiness and Applied Economics ; North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and Extension Service, North Dakota State University
Publishing place	Fargo, N.D
Document type	Book
Note	Cover title. ; "July 2010."
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Conference proceedings ; Online: The Economic Feasibility of Energy Sugar Beet Biofuel Production in Central North Dakota

Maung, Thein A. / Gustafson, Cole R.

2010

Abstract	This study examines the financial feasibility of producing ethanol biofuel from sugar beets in central North Dakota. Under the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007, biofuel from sugar beets uniquely qualifies as an “advanced biofuel”. EISA mandates production of 15 billion gallons of advanced biofuels annually by 2022. A stochastic simulation financial model was calibrated with irrigated sugar beet data from central North Dakota to determine economic feasibility and risks of production for a 10MGY (million gallon per year) and 20MGY ethanol plant. Study results indicate that feedstock costs, which include sugar beets and beet molasses, account for more than 70% of total production expenses. The estimated breakeven ethanol price for the 20MGY plant is $1.52 per gallon and $1.71 per gallon for the 10MGY plant. Breakeven prices for feedstocks are also estimated and show that the 20MGYplant can tolerate greater ethanol and feedstock price risk than the 10MGY plant. Our results also show that one of the most important factors that affect investment success is the price of ethanol. At an ethanol price of $1.84 per gallon, and assuming other factors remain unchanged, the estimated net present value (NPV) of the 20MGY plant is $41.54 million. By comparison, the estimated NPV of the 10MGY plant is only $8.30 million. Other factors such as changes in prices of co-products and utilities have a relatively minor affect on investment viability.
Keywords	Ethanol ; Sugar beets ; Molasses ; Net Present Value ; Risk ; Agricultural Finance ; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing country	us
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: The Economic Feasibility of Sugarbeet Biofuel Production in Central North Dakota

Maung, Thein A. / Gustafson, Cole R.

2010

Abstract: ... in central North Dakota. Under the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007, biofuel ... sugar beet data from central North Dakota to determine economic feasibility and risks of production ... from sugar beets in central North Dakota. Under the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007, biofuel ...

Abstract	This study examines the financial feasibility of producing ethanol biofuel from sugar beets in central North Dakota. Under the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007, biofuel from sugar beets uniquely qualifies as an “advanced biofuel”. EISA mandates production of 15 billion gallons of advanced biofuels annually by 2022. A stochastic simulation financial model was calibrated with irrigated sugar beet data from central North Dakota to determine economic feasibility and risks of production for a 10MGY (million gallon per year) and 20MGY ethanol plant. Study results indicate that feedstock costs, which include sugar beets and beet molasses, account for more than 70% of total production expenses. The estimated breakeven ethanol price for the 20MGY plant is $1.52 per gallon and $1.71 per gallon for the 10MGY plant. Breakeven prices for feedstocks are also estimated and show that the 20MGYplant can tolerate greater ethanol and feedstock price risk than the 10MGY plant. Our results also show that one of the most important factors that affect investment success is the price of ethanol. At an ethanol price of $1.84 per gallon, and assuming other factors remain unchanged, the estimated net present value (NPV) of the 20MGY plant is $41.54 million. By comparison, the estimated NPV of the 10MGY plant is only $8.30 million. Other factors such as changes in prices of co-products and utilities have a relatively minor effect on investment viability. This study examines the financial feasibility of producing ethanol biofuel from sugar beets in central North Dakota. Under the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007, biofuel from sugar beets uniquely qualifies as an “advanced biofuel”. EISA mandates production of 15 billion gallons of advanced biofuels annually by 2022. A stochastic simulation financial model was calibrated with irrigated sugar beet data from central North Dakota to determine economic feasibility and risks of production for a 10MGY (million gallon per year) and 20MGY ethanol plant. Study results indicate that feedstock costs, which include sugar beets and beet molasses, account for more than 70% of total production expenses. The estimated breakeven ethanol price for the 20MGY plant is $1.52 per gallon and $1.71 per gallon for the 10MGY plant. Breakeven prices for feedstocks are also estimated and show that the 20MGYplant can tolerate greater ethanol and feedstock price risk than the 10MGY plant. Our results also show that one of the most important factors that affect investment success is the price of ethanol. At an ethanol price of $1.84 per gallon, and assuming other factors remain unchanged, the estimated net present value (NPV) of the 20MGY plant is $41.54 million. By comparison, the estimated NPV of the 10MGY plant is only $8.30 million. Other factors such as changes in prices of co-products and utilities have a relatively minor effect on investment viability.
Keywords	Agribusiness ; Crop Production/Industries ; Production Economics
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of host species and life stage on the helminth communities of sympatric northern leopard frogs (Lithobates pipiens) and wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) in the Sheyenne National Grasslands, North Dakota.

Gustafson, Kyle D / Newman, Robert A / Tkach, Vasyl V

The Journal of parasitology

2013 Volume 99, Issue 4, Page(s) 587–594

Abstract: ... Grasslands of southeastern North Dakota. Echinostomatid metacercariae were the most common helminths found ...

Abstract	We studied helminth communities in sympatric populations of leopard frogs (Lithobates pipiens) and wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) and assessed the effects of host species and life stage on helminth community composition and helminth species richness. We examined 328 amphibians including 218 northern leopard frogs and 110 wood frogs collected between April and August of 2009 and 2010 in the Sheyenne National Grasslands of southeastern North Dakota. Echinostomatid metacercariae were the most common helminths found, with the highest prevalence in metamorphic wood frogs. Host species significantly influenced helminth community composition, and host life stage significantly influenced the component community composition of leopard frogs. In these sympatric populations, leopard frogs were common hosts for adult trematodes whereas wood frogs exhibited a higher prevalence of nematodes with direct life cycles. Metamorphic frogs were commonly infected with echinostomatid metacercariae and other larval trematodes whereas juvenile and adult frogs were most-frequently infected with directly transmitted nematodes and trophically transmitted trematodes. Accordingly, helminth species richness increased with the developmental life stage of the host.
MeSH term(s)	Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Ecosystem ; Female ; Helminthiasis, Animal/epidemiology ; Helminthiasis, Animal/parasitology ; Helminths/classification ; Life Cycle Stages ; Male ; North Dakota/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Rana pipiens/growth & development ; Rana pipiens/parasitology ; Ranidae/growth & development ; Ranidae/parasitology ; Species Specificity
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	300870-8
ISSN	1937-2345 ; 0022-3395
ISSN (online)	1937-2345
ISSN	0022-3395
DOI	10.1645/GE-3246.1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Conference proceedings ; Online: ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN NORTH DAKOTA

Vanwechel, Tamara / Gustafson, Cole R. / Leistritz, F. Larry

2003

Abstract: ... from soybean oil. Soybeans are a major crop in North Dakota and could easily supply a 5 million gallon per year ... biodiesel facility. Potential market segments of a biodiesel facility in North Dakota include agriculture ... subsidy, biodiesel operation and investment costs for a North Dakota facility are not competitive ...

Abstract	The U. S. biodiesel industry is rapidly expanding due to energy production concerns, environmental concerns, and recent legislation. The most common type of biodiesel in the United States is derived from soybean oil. Soybeans are a major crop in North Dakota and could easily supply a 5 million gallon per year biodiesel facility. Potential market segments of a biodiesel facility in North Dakota include agriculture, construction, and state fleet sectors based on current diesel use. However, with existing technology and no subsidy, biodiesel operation and investment costs for a North Dakota facility are not competitive with petroleum diesel. Using soybean oil prices of 17 cents to 25 cents per pound, the per gallon cost of producing diesel in southeastern North Dakota ranges between $2.02 and $2.64, while the wholesale price for regular diesel is $0.91. The cost of producing biodiesel is highly dependent on the price and availability of soybean oil. While biodiesel production technology is feasible and fairly simple, producing biodiesel in North Dakota is not economically feasible at least in the foreseeable future.
Keywords	biodiesel ; soybeans ; economic feasibility ; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
Language	English
Publisher	AgEcon Search
Publishing country	us
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Article ; Online: ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN NORTH DAKOTA

Vanwechel, Tamara / Gustafson, Cole R. / Leistritz, F. Larry

2002

Abstract	The U. S. biodiesel industry is rapidly expanding due to energy production concerns, environmental concerns, and recent legislation. The most common type of biodiesel in the United States is derived from soybean oil. Soybeans are a major crop in North Dakota and could easily supply a 5 million gallon per year biodiesel facility. Potential market segments of a biodiesel facility in North Dakota include agriculture, construction, and state fleet sectors based on current diesel use. However, with existing technology and no subsidy, biodiesel operation and investment costs for a North Dakota facility are not competitive with petroleum diesel. Using soybean oil prices of 17 cents to 25 cents per pound, the per gallon cost of producing diesel in southeastern North Dakota ranges between $2.02 and $2.64, while the wholesale price for regular diesel is $0.91. The cost of producing biodiesel is highly dependent on the price and availability of soybean oil. While biodiesel production technology is feasible and fairly simple, producing biodiesel in North Dakota is not economically feasible at least in the foreseeable future.
Keywords	biodiesel ; soybeans ; economic feasibility ; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
Language	English
Publisher	AgEcon Search
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Credit rationing of North Dakota agribusiness

Gustafson, C.R / Anderson, S.J

Journal of agribusiness. Fall 1995. v. 13 (2)

1995

Keywords	agribusiness ; credit ; capital ; resource allocation ; North Dakota
Language	English
Size	p. 99-121.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	743665-8
ISSN	0738-8950
ISSN	0738-8950
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Credit Rationing of North Dakota Agribusiness

Gustafson, Cole R. / Anderson, Sara J.

1995

Abstract: Results from a stratified, random, cross-sectional mail survey of 272 North Dakota agribusinesses ...

Abstract	Results from a stratified, random, cross-sectional mail survey of 272 North Dakota agribusinesses found limited evidence of external credit rationing. Only 8 percent of the firms would be willing to pay a premium for additional financing. Consequently, credit rationing that did exist was internal. The study also provided information on the financial characteristics of agribusiness firms operating in the input, output and service sectors.
Keywords	Capital ; Credit rationing ; Financing ; Agribusiness ; Agricultural Finance ; Financial Economics
Language	English
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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