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Article ; Online: Anesthesia and humane euthanasia methods for king worm larvae (Zophobas morio).

Lum, Amber M / Keller, Krista A

2024 Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 164–168

Abstract: ... 70 min, 190 min, 13 h, and 24 h (n = 10 for each treatment duration group), and time to recovery was ...

Abstract	A growing spotlight on insect welfare as research subjects, fodder for vertebrate animals, and patients for veterinarians highlights the need to establish humane euthanasia methods for these species. An insect of increasing commercial importance is the king worm (Zophobas morio), a type of darkling beetle larvae. The initial objective of this study was to determine if prolonged exposure to isoflurane would lengthen anesthetic recovery and lead to euthanasia. Larvae were exposed to isoflurane for 10 min, 40 min, 70 min, 190 min, 13 h, and 24 h (n = 10 for each treatment duration group), and time to recovery was subsequently monitored in room air. The second objective was to determine effectiveness of secondary euthanasia methods: injectable potassium chloride at 1 mg/g body weight (n = 5) and 3 mg/g body weight (n = 5) doses; immersion in 200 proof ethanol (n = 10), 10% buffered formalin (n = 10), and water (n = 10); and freezing at -18°C (n = 10). Prolonged exposure to isoflurane led to extended recovery times, but 100% mortality was not achieved. Submersion in ethanol and injection of potassium chloride at a 3 mg/g body weight dose resulted in 100% mortality. If these larvae are to be used as future food sources, a humane euthanasia method that preserves the ability to be consumed is required.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Isoflurane/pharmacology ; Euthanasia, Animal/methods ; Potassium Chloride ; Animals, Zoo ; Anesthesia/veterinary ; Anesthesia/methods ; Coleoptera ; Larva ; Ethanol ; Body Weight
Chemical Substances	Isoflurane (CYS9AKD70P) ; Potassium Chloride (660YQ98I10) ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1499116-0
ISSN	1098-2361 ; 0733-3188
ISSN (online)	1098-2361
ISSN	0733-3188
DOI	10.1002/zoo.21821
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Article: Association of the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 609C-->T polymorphism with a decreased lung cancer risk.

Chen, H / Lum, A / Seifried, A / Wilkens, L R / Le Marchand, L

Cancer research

1999 Volume 59, Issue 13, Page(s) 3045–3048

Abstract: The NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase gene, NQO1, often carries a C-->T transition at bp 609 ...

Abstract	The NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase gene, NQO1, often carries a C-->T transition at bp 609, which has been associated with a reduced enzymatic activity and which may result in altered metabolic activation of tobacco smoke procarcinogens. We tested the association of this polymorphism with lung cancer risk in a population-based case-control study of 327 cases and 440 controls of Caucasian, Japanese, or Native Hawaiian ancestry in Hawaii. We found a notable difference in the frequency of the variant allele among Japanese (38%), Caucasians (20%), and Hawaiians (22%). Overall, the variant allele was less frequent in cases than in controls (P = 0.03). A significant inverse association was found in Japanese, with adjusted odds ratios of 0.8 (95% confidence interval, 0.4-1.5) and 0.3 (0.1-0.7) for the heterozygous and homozygous variant genotypes, respectively, compared with the homozygous wild-type genotype (P for genetic trend, 0.02). The association did not reach statistical significance in Caucasians and Hawaiians but was in the same direction.
MeSH term(s)	Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Cytosine ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Hawaii/epidemiology ; Humans ; Japan/ethnology ; Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Male ; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)/genetics ; Odds Ratio ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Registries ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Thymine
Chemical Substances	Cytosine (8J337D1HZY) ; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) (EC 1.6.5.2) ; Thymine (QR26YLT7LT)
Language	English
Publishing date	1999-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1432-1
ISSN	1538-7445 ; 0008-5472
ISSN (online)	1538-7445
ISSN	0008-5472
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Article ; Online: Consensus Guidelines versus Evidence-Based Medicine in the Treatment of Corneal Abrasions.

Chuck, Roy S / Jeng, Bennie H / Lum, Flora

Ophthalmology

2024 Volume 131, Issue 5, Page(s) 524–525

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Corneal Injuries ; Eye Injuries
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	392083-5
ISSN	1549-4713 ; 0161-6420
ISSN (online)	1549-4713
ISSN	0161-6420
DOI	10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.02.027
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Article: Adenovirus-mediated delivery and expression of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor gene to BEAS-2B epithelial cells abolishes the anti-inflammatory effects of rolipram, salbutamol, and prostaglandin E2: a comparison with H-89.

Meja, Koremu K / Catley, Matthew C / Cambridge, Lisa M / Barnes, Peter J / Lum, Hazel / Newton, Robert / Giembycz, Mark A

The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics

2004 Volume 309, Issue 2, Page(s) 833–844

Abstract: ... PKIalpha) and have compared it to H-89, a commonly used small molecule PKA inhibitor. Initial studies ... established efficient gene transfer and confirmed functionality of PKIalpha 48 h after virus infection ... both granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) generation and [(3)H]arachidonic acid (AA) release in response to interleukin-1beta and ...

Abstract	cAMP-elevating drugs are thought to mediate their biological effects by activating the cAMP/cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) cascade. However, this hypothesis is difficult to confirm due to a lack of selective inhibitors. Here, we have probed the role of PKA in mediating inhibitory effects of several cAMP-elevating drugs in BEAS-2B epithelial cells using an adenovirus vector encoding a PKA inhibitor protein (PKIalpha) and have compared it to H-89, a commonly used small molecule PKA inhibitor. Initial studies established efficient gene transfer and confirmed functionality of PKIalpha 48 h after virus infection. All cAMP-elevating drugs tested promoted the phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), activated a cAMP response element (CRE)-driven luciferase reporter gene, and suppressed both granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) generation and [(3)H]arachidonic acid (AA) release in response to interleukin-1beta and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, respectively. These effects were abolished by PKIalpha. In contrast, H-89 behaved unpredictably under the same conditions. Thus, although CREB phosphorylation evoked by a range of cAMP-elevating drugs was abolished by H-89, neither activation of the CRE-dependent luciferase reporter gene construct nor the inhibition of GM-CSF generation was inhibited. Paradoxically, H-89 antagonized MCP-1-induced [(3)H]AA release and enhanced the inhibitory effect of submaximal concentrations of rolipram and 8-bromo-cAMP. We suggest that expression of PKIalpha in susceptible cells provides a simple and unambiguous way to assess the role of PKA in cAMP signaling and to probe the mechanism of action of other drugs and cAMP-dependent responses where the participation of PKA is equivocal. Furthermore, these data suggest that H-89 is not a selective inhibitor of PKA and should be avoided.
MeSH term(s)	Activating Transcription Factor 1 ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Adenosine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives ; Adenosine Monophosphate/pharmacology ; Adenoviridae/genetics ; Albuterol/pharmacology ; Animals ; Arachidonic Acid/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Carrier Proteins/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Dinoprostone ; Drug Interactions ; Epithelial Cells/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism ; Humans ; Isoquinolines/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Rabbits ; Rolipram/pharmacology ; Sulfonamides ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Tritium
Chemical Substances	Activating Transcription Factor 1 ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Carrier Proteins ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Isoquinolines ; PKIA protein, human ; Sulfonamides ; Transcription Factors ; Tritium (10028-17-8) ; 8-bromo-2'-AMP (23583-49-5) ; Arachidonic Acid (27YG812J1I) ; Adenosine Monophosphate (415SHH325A) ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (83869-56-1) ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.11) ; Rolipram (K676NL63N7) ; Dinoprostone (K7Q1JQR04M) ; N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide (M876330O56) ; Albuterol (QF8SVZ843E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3106-9
ISSN	1521-0103 ; 0022-3565
ISSN (online)	1521-0103
ISSN	0022-3565
DOI	10.1124/jpet.103.060020
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Article ; Online: Further Reflections on Sustainability in Ophthalmology.

Jeng, Bennie H / Lum, Flora / Chan, R V Paul

JAMA ophthalmology

2023 Volume 141, Issue 9, Page(s) 870–871

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ophthalmology ; Carbon Footprint
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2701705-9
ISSN	2168-6173 ; 2168-6165
ISSN (online)	2168-6173
ISSN	2168-6165
DOI	10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.3630
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Article ; Online: Excessive N

Lum, B X / Liu, E H / Tan, A Y

Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie

2023 Volume 70, Issue 10, Page(s) 1707–1708

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carbon ; Nitrous Oxide
Chemical Substances	Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Nitrous Oxide (K50XQU1029)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	91002-8
ISSN	1496-8975 ; 0832-610X
ISSN (online)	1496-8975
ISSN	0832-610X
DOI	10.1007/s12630-023-02555-7
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Article ; Online: Postactivation Performance Enhancement With Maximal Isometric Contraction on Power-Clean Performance Across Multiple Sets.

Lum, Danny / Yang Ong, Keng / Haischer, Michael H

International journal of sports physiology and performance

2023 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) 265–270

Abstract: Purpose: This study investigated the postactivation performance-enhancement effect of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) at the starting position on power-clean performance over a series of contrast sets.: Methods: Eighteen male (age: 31 [ ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study investigated the postactivation performance-enhancement effect of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) at the starting position on power-clean performance over a series of contrast sets. Methods: Eighteen male (age: 31 [3.7] y, body mass: 76.8 [9.1] kg, height: 175.0 [5.2] cm) and 2 female (age: 27.5 [3.5] y, body mass: 53.3.8 [2.0] kg, height: 158.5 [4.9] cm) resistance-trained individuals performed a contrast postactivation performance-enhancement protocol (isometric contrast training condition [ISO]) consisting of 3 sets of 3 MVICs alternated with 3 power cleans, with an intracontrast rest period of 1 minute. A control protocol consisted of 3 sets of 3 power cleans were performed in a separate session. Barbell velocity during the power clean was measured as an indicator of performance. Results: A significant time effect was observed for both mean velocity (MV; P < .001) and peak velocity (PV; P = .008). Time × group (P = .415-.444) and group (P = .158-.210) effects showed no significant difference for either MV or PV. However, differences in MV and PV between the corresponding sets of ISO and control condition exceeded the minimum worthwhile change, showing a small to moderate effect (MV: d = 0.38-0.50, PV: d = 0.35-0.50) in favor of ISO. There was no significant difference in rating of perceived exertion between conditions (P = .385, d = 0.22). Conclusion: Power-clean performance was potentiated after 1 minute of rest following 3 repetitions of MVIC across 3 sets. Furthermore, the ISO protocol did not result in greater perception of exertion. These results indicate that coaches may incorporate MVICs as the postactivation performance-enhancement stimulus during contrast training involving the power-clean exercise.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Isometric Contraction/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Exercise/physiology ; Resistance Training/methods ; Muscle Strength/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1555-0273
ISSN (online)	1555-0273
DOI	10.1123/ijspp.2023-0383
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Article ; Online: Mass spectrometry imaging methods for visualizing tumor heterogeneity.

Duncan, Kyle D / Pětrošová, Helena / Lum, Julian J / Goodlett, David R

Current opinion in biotechnology

2024 Volume 86, Page(s) 103068

Abstract: Profiling spatial distributions of lipids, metabolites, and proteins in tumors can reveal unique cellular microenvironments and provide molecular evidence for cancer cell dysfunction and proliferation. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a label-free ... ...

Abstract	Profiling spatial distributions of lipids, metabolites, and proteins in tumors can reveal unique cellular microenvironments and provide molecular evidence for cancer cell dysfunction and proliferation. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a label-free technique that can be used to map biomolecules in tumors in situ. Here, we discuss current progress in applying MSI to uncover molecular heterogeneity in tumors. First, the analytical strategies to profile small molecules and proteins are outlined, and current methods for multimodal imaging to maximize biological information are highlighted. Second, we present and summarize biological insights obtained by MSI of tumor tissue. Finally, we discuss important considerations for designing MSI experiments and several current analytical challenges.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods ; Tumor Microenvironment
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1052045-4
ISSN	1879-0429 ; 0958-1669
ISSN (online)	1879-0429
ISSN	0958-1669
DOI	10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103068
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Article: A case of nonuremic calciphylaxis of the penis responding to sodium thiosulfate therapy.

Lum, Kalisa / Gardner, Jeffrey / Dao, Harry

JAAD case reports

2023 Volume 38, Page(s) 4–7

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2834220-3
ISSN	2352-5126
ISSN	2352-5126
DOI	10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.05.030
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Article ; Online: Identifying emergency department patients with life-limiting illnesses may be getting a little easier.

Goldberg, Elizabeth M / Kwan, Bethany / Lum, Hillary

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

2023 Volume 71, Issue 6, Page(s) 1694–1697

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Emergency Service, Hospital
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80363-7
ISSN	1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
ISSN (online)	1532-5415
ISSN	0002-8614
DOI	10.1111/jgs.18328
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