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Article ; Online: Increasing Community Participation in Public Health Research: Applications for Concept Mapping Methodology.

Thompson, Jessica R / Burke, Jessica G

Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action

2021 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 243–250

Abstract: Background: Concept mapping builds on other qualitative methods widely used in community-engaged research and community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches by adding intentional participatory elements to engage stakeholders and increased data ...

Abstract	Background: Concept mapping builds on other qualitative methods widely used in community-engaged research and community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches by adding intentional participatory elements to engage stakeholders and increased data collection structure via built-in quantitative elements. Objectives: This article presents examples of community-based studies using concept mapping to illustrate how public health researchers can use this method to incorporate participatory elements in projects that vary by research objective and degrees of community engagement. Methods: Drawing from our previous experience, we present four participatory concept mapping projects. These illustrative research examples focus on projects developed by academic-community partnerships, including a hospital-based community needs assessment, the creation of a domestic violence research agenda, the study of trust in community-academic partnerships, and the development of strategies to address breast cancer through a county-level collaborative. Conclusions: Through the use of illustrative examples, we provide four research-based applications of concept mapping with a variety of community engagement levels. These examples show how the use of concept mapping as a research method allows for the direct participation of community stakeholders to move research agendas forward. Concept mapping generates this forward movement in public health research through the production of visual representations and action-oriented results that promote the ability of stakeholders to have increased ownership in the improvement of health outcomes in their communities.
MeSH term(s)	Community-Based Participatory Research ; Community-Institutional Relations ; Concept Formation ; Public Health ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2275483-0
ISSN	1557-055X ; 1557-0541
ISSN (online)	1557-055X
ISSN	1557-0541
DOI	10.1353/cpr.2020.0025
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Exploring the multi-level impacts of a youth-led comprehensive sexuality education model in Madagascar using Human-centered Design methods.

Baumann, Sara E / Leeson, Laura / Raonivololona, Mihaja / Burke, Jessica G

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) e0297106

Abstract: ... In the case of this youth-led model in Madagascar, the program has impacted the lives of students (e.g ... increased academic motivation and confidence), their parents (e.g., strengthened family relationships and ... increased parental involvement in schools), their schools (e.g., increased perceived value of schools and ...

Abstract	Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is recognized as a critical tool for addressing sexuality and reproductive health challenges among adolescents. However, little is known about the broader impacts of CSE on populations beyond adolescents, such as schools, families, and communities. This study explores multi-level impacts of an innovative CSE program in Madagascar, which employs young adult CSE educators to teach a three-year curriculum in government middle schools across the country. The two-phased study embraced a participatory approach and qualitative Human-centered Design (HCD) methods. In phase 1, 90 school principals and administrators representing 45 schools participated in HCD workshops, which were held in six regional cities. Phase 2 took place one year later, which included 50 principals from partner schools, and focused on expanding and validating findings from phase 1. From the perspective of school principals and administrators, the results indicate several areas in which CSE programming is having spill-over effects, beyond direct adolescent student sexuality knowledge and behaviors. In the case of this youth-led model in Madagascar, the program has impacted the lives of students (e.g., increased academic motivation and confidence), their parents (e.g., strengthened family relationships and increased parental involvement in schools), their schools (e.g., increased perceived value of schools and teacher effectiveness), their communities (e.g., increased community connections), and impacted broader structural issues (e.g., improved equity and access to resources such as menstrual pads). While not all impacts of the CSE program were perceived as positive, the findings uncovered opportunities for targeting investments and refining CSE programming to maximize positive impacts at family, school, and community levels.
MeSH term(s)	Young Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Sex Education/methods ; Madagascar ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexuality ; Parents ; Schools
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0297106
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Article: Creating Community During COVID-19: A Virtual Art Gallery to Address Social Isolation During a Pandemic.

Baumann, Sara E / Burke, Jessica G

Health promotion practice

2021 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 9–11

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic, a public health crisis, significantly impacted millions of people around the world. "Creating Community During COVID-19" is a community-engaged virtual art gallery that explores resilience, social cohesion, and creativity during ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic, a public health crisis, significantly impacted millions of people around the world. "Creating Community During COVID-19" is a community-engaged virtual art gallery that explores resilience, social cohesion, and creativity during the onset of the pandemic in the United States. It aimed to address social isolation and encourage inclusion at a large public university in the early days of the pandemic. The community was invited to submit artworks that reflected how they are staying connected during the pandemic. The artworks were then qualitatively analyzed and highlighted three key themes: (1) reflecting (turning inward), (2) advocating (turning outward), and (3) engaging (coming together). This arts-based project demonstrates promise as a creative approach for promoting social cohesion and positive health and well-being, especially in times of uncertainty.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; COVID-19 ; Social Isolation
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2036801-X
ISSN	1552-6372 ; 1524-8399
ISSN (online)	1552-6372
ISSN	1524-8399
DOI	10.1177/15248399211064638
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Article ; Online: Changes in activity locations during the COVID-19 pandemic and associations with depression, anxiety, loneliness, and alcohol use.

Frankeberger, Jessica / Sumetsky, Natalie / Friedman, M Reuel / Burke, Jessica G / Coulter, Robert W S / Mair, Christina

Wellbeing, space and society

2022 Volume 3, Page(s) 100092

Abstract: Introduction: Restrictions and guidelines to limit the spread of COVID-19 caused considerable and rapid changes to individuals' daily routines. This study examines how activity locations changed during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Restrictions and guidelines to limit the spread of COVID-19 caused considerable and rapid changes to individuals' daily routines. This study examines how activity locations changed during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing restrictions, and whether these changes were associated with depression, anxiety, loneliness, and alcohol use. Methods: A web-based survey was conducted early in the COVID-19 pandemic (May-June 2020) in Allegheny County (Pittsburgh), Pennsylvania. Participants ( Results: Five distinct principal components of activity location changes were identified. The first component, characterizing broad reductions in activity locations during the early phases of the pandemic, was associated with increased depression and loneliness. Conclusions: Results indicate non-uniform shifts in routine activities during the pandemic and highlight the importance of understanding how changes to the social environment affect individuals' psychological wellbeing and alcohol use.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-5581
ISSN (online)	2666-5581
DOI	10.1016/j.wss.2022.100092
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Article: "Better Than Any DARE Program": Qualitative Analysis of Adolescent Reactions to EVALI Television Storylines.

Hoffman, Beth L / Sidani, Jaime E / Miller, Elizabeth / Manganello, Jennifer A / Chu, Kar-Hai / Felter, Elizabeth M / Burke, Jessica G

Health promotion practice

2023 , Page(s) 15248399231177049

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Introduction
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2036801-X
ISSN	1552-6372 ; 1524-8399
ISSN (online)	1552-6372
ISSN	1524-8399
DOI	10.1177/15248399231177049
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Article ; Online: Understanding Polarizing Community Perspectives on Harm Reduction Strategies: Challenges to Addressing the Opioid Crisis in Appalachian Pennsylvania.

Creasy, Stephanie L / Thompson, Jessica R / Mair, Christina F / Burke, Jessica G

Journal of Appalachian health

2021 Volume 3, Issue 4, Page(s) 74–88

Abstract: Introduction: Rural communities face barriers to opioid treatment and overdose prevention including concerns about stigma and lack of harm reduction services.: Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore community perspectives and understanding of ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Rural communities face barriers to opioid treatment and overdose prevention including concerns about stigma and lack of harm reduction services. Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore community perspectives and understanding of harm reduction approaches to opioid use and overdose in a high-risk Northern Appalachian case community in Pennsylvania. Methods: A small town approximately 10 miles from Pittsburgh was identified as the community with the greatest predicted probabilities of epidemic outbreak using posteriors from spatial models of hospitalizations for opioid use disorders. We interviewed 20 key stakeholders in the case community in using a semi-structured interview guide and analyzed the qualitative data using an inductive grounded theory approach. Results: Our findings illustrate how conflicting perspectives about opioid dependence lay the foundation for the polarizing community perspectives on addressing opioid use and overdose and general disagreement regarding the legitimacy of harm reduction approaches versus abstinence-based recovery plans. Community members shared varying perspectives on multiple aspects of the opioid epidemic, including appropriate strategies, treatment, and overdose prevention methods and how community leaders and organizations should respond. Implications: Opinions, coupled with a general lack of education regarding opioid use and harm reduction options, make it challenging for small communities with limited resources to create comprehensive plans to address the opioid crisis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2641-7804
ISSN (online)	2641-7804
DOI	10.13023/jah.0304.07
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Article ; Online: Impact of extreme weather events on healthcare utilization and mortality in the United States.

Salas, Renee N / Burke, Laura G / Phelan, Jessica / Wellenius, Gregory A / Orav, E John / Jha, Ashish K

Nature medicine

2024 Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 1118–1126

Abstract: Climate change is intensifying extreme weather events. Yet a systematic analysis of post-disaster healthcare utilization and outcomes for severe weather and climate disasters, as tracked by the US government, is lacking. Following exposure to 42 US ... ...

Abstract	Climate change is intensifying extreme weather events. Yet a systematic analysis of post-disaster healthcare utilization and outcomes for severe weather and climate disasters, as tracked by the US government, is lacking. Following exposure to 42 US billion-dollar weather disasters (severe storm, flood, flood/severe storm, tropical cyclone and winter storm) between 2011 and 2016, we used a difference-in-differences (DID) approach to quantify changes in the rates of emergency department (ED) visits, nonelective hospitalizations and mortality between fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries in affected compared to matched control counties in post-disaster weeks 1, 1-2 and 3-6. Overall, disasters were associated with higher rates of ED utilization in affected counties in post-disaster week 1 (DID of 1.22% (95% CI, 0.20% to 2.25%; P < 0.020)) through week 2. Nonelective hospitalizations were unchanged. Mortality was higher in affected counties in week 1 (DID of 1.40% (95% CI, 0.08% to 2.74%; P = 0.037)) and persisted for 6 weeks. Counties with the greatest loss and damage experienced greater increases in ED and mortality rates compared to all affected counties. Thus, billion-dollar weather disasters are associated with excess ED visits and mortality in Medicare beneficiaries. Tracking these outcomes is important for adaptation that protects patients and communities, health system resilience and policy.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; United States/epidemiology ; Humans ; Extreme Weather ; Medicare ; Disasters ; Delivery of Health Care ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1220066-9
ISSN	1546-170X ; 1078-8956
ISSN (online)	1546-170X
ISSN	1078-8956
DOI	10.1038/s41591-024-02833-x
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Article: Mental Health and Alcohol Use during and before the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Sumetsky, Natalie / Frankeberger, Jessica / Coulter, Robert W S / Burke, Jessica G / Friedman, M Reuel / Mair, Christina

Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.)

2022 Volume 49, Issue 2, Page(s) 195–203

Abstract: The early phases of the coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) pandemic were associated with changes in psychological well-being and alcohol use. However, it is unclear whether these changes are artifacts of psychological well-being and alcohol use prior to ... ...

Abstract	The early phases of the coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) pandemic were associated with changes in psychological well-being and alcohol use. However, it is unclear whether these changes are artifacts of psychological well-being and alcohol use prior to the pandemic across different sociodemographic groups. We received surveys from 247 adult residents of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania (United States), with an oversampling of sexual- and gender-minority individuals. Responses included measures of psychological well-being, substance use, and sociodemographic characteristics. Unadjusted mean depression scores, anxiety scores, and number of drinking days increased for all age and income groups during COVID-19, while average number of drinks per drinking day and days intoxicated differentially increased or decreased by age and income groups. Using Bayesian seemingly unrelated regression, we assessed depression and anxiety symptoms and alcohol use during the early stages of the pandemic and one month before COVID-19 was first identified in Allegheny County concurrently. Those in the youngest (18-24) group drank on more days during (but not before) the pandemic than those in the 25-44 age group. Compared to cisgender women, gender-minority adults had higher depression scores during the early stages of the pandemic. Employed adults had lower anxiety scores during (but not before) the pandemic than adults who were unemployed. Those with past-year annual incomes above $80,000 had fewer drinks on average drinking occasions than those in the $40,000 or below group before (but not during) the pandemic. Patterns of psychological distress and alcohol use associated with the COVID-19 pandemic differ by subgroup compared to patterns prior to the pandemic. Interventions addressing worsening mental health outcomes and shifting alcohol use patterns must be sensitive to the needs of vulnerable groups, such as younger adults and those experiencing poverty or unemployment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Female ; United States ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Bayes Theorem ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/psychology ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; Anxiety/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	623101-9
ISSN	0896-4289
ISSN	0896-4289
DOI	10.1080/08964289.2021.2015278
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Article ; Online: Introduction to the Theme Issue on Dynamics of Health Behavior: Revisiting Systems Science for Population Health.

Burke, Jessica G / Thompson, Jessica R / Mabry, Patricia L / Mair, Christina F

Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education

2020 Volume 47, Issue 2, Page(s) 185–190

Abstract: ... health behaviors. This article discusses the growth of systems science methods (e.g., system dynamics ...

Abstract	Systems science can help public health professionals to better understand the complex dynamics between factors affecting health behaviors and outcomes and to identify intervention opportunities. Despite their demonstrated utility in addressing health topics such influenza, tobacco control, and obesity, the associated methods continue to be underutilized by researchers and practitioners addressing health behaviors. This article discusses the growth of systems science methods (e.g., system dynamics, social network analysis, and agent-based modeling) in health research, provides a frame for the articles included in this themed issue, and closes with recommendations for enhancing the future of systems science and health behavior research. We argue that integrating systems sciences methods into health behavior research and practice is essential for improved population health and look forward to supporting the evolution of the field.
MeSH term(s)	Health Behavior ; Humans ; Population Health ; Public Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1362906-2
ISSN	1552-6127 ; 1090-1981
ISSN (online)	1552-6127
ISSN	1090-1981
DOI	10.1177/1090198119876239
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Article ; Online: Drivers of opioid use in Appalachian Pennsylvania: Cross-cutting social and community-level factors.

Thompson, Jessica R / Creasy, Stephanie L / Mair, Christina F / Burke, Jessica G

The International journal on drug policy

2020 Volume 78, Page(s) 102706

Abstract: Background: Four Appalachian states including Pennsylvania (PA) have the highest drug overdose rates in the country, calling for better understanding of the social and economic drivers of opioid use in the region. Using key informant interviews, we ... ...

Abstract	Background: Four Appalachian states including Pennsylvania (PA) have the highest drug overdose rates in the country, calling for better understanding of the social and economic drivers of opioid use in the region. Using key informant interviews, we explored the social and community drivers of opioid use in a non-urban Appalachian Pennsylvania community. Methods: In 2017, we conducted qualitative interviews with 20 key stakeholders from a case community selected using the results from quantitative spatial models of hospitalizations for opioid use disorders. In small town located 10 miles outside Pittsburgh, PA, we asked participants to share their perceptions of contextual factors that influence opioid use among residents. We then used qualitative thematic analysis to organize and generate the results. Results: Participants identified several contextual factors that influence opioid use among residents. Three cross-cutting thematic topics emerged: 1) acceptance and denial of use through familial and peer influences, community environments, and social norms; 2) impacts of economic shifts and community leadership on availability of programs and opportunities; and 3) the role of coping within economic disadvantage and social depression. Conclusion: Uncovering multi-level, contextual drivers of opioid use can benefit the development of future public health interventions. These results suggest that social and community-level measures of structural deprivation, acceptance and/or denial of the opioid epidemic, community engagement and development, social support, and social depression are important for future research and programmatic efforts in the Appalachian region.
MeSH term(s)	Analgesics, Opioid ; Appalachian Region/epidemiology ; Humans ; Opioid Epidemic ; Opioid-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Pennsylvania/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2010000-0
ISSN	1873-4758 ; 0955-3959
ISSN (online)	1873-4758
ISSN	0955-3959
DOI	10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102706
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