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  1. Book ; Online: X-Transfer

    Zhang, Lei / Chen, Hao / Hu, Shu / Zhu, Bin / Lin, Ching Sheng / Wu, Xi / Hu, Jinrong / Wang, Xin

    A Transfer Learning-Based Framework for GAN-Generated Fake Image Detection

    2023  

    Abstract: ... algorithm called X-Transfer, which enhances transfer learning by utilizing two neural networks that employ ...

    Abstract Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have remarkably advanced in diverse domains, especially image generation and editing. However, the misuse of GANs for generating deceptive images, such as face replacement, raises significant security concerns, which have gained widespread attention. Therefore, it is urgent to develop effective detection methods to distinguish between real and fake images. Current research centers around the application of transfer learning. Nevertheless, it encounters challenges such as knowledge forgetting from the original dataset and inadequate performance when dealing with imbalanced data during training. To alleviate this issue, this paper introduces a novel GAN-generated image detection algorithm called X-Transfer, which enhances transfer learning by utilizing two neural networks that employ interleaved parallel gradient transmission. In addition, we combine AUC loss and cross-entropy loss to improve the model's performance. We carry out comprehensive experiments on multiple facial image datasets. The results show that our model outperforms the general transferring approach, and the best metric achieves 99.04%, which is increased by approximately 10%. Furthermore, we demonstrate excellent performance on non-face datasets, validating its generality and broader application prospects.

    Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, and 6 tables; references added
    Keywords Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-10-06
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Book ; Online: SkillNet-X

    Feng, Zhangyin / Dai, Yong / Zhang, Fan / Tang, Duyu / Feng, Xiaocheng / Wu, Shuangzhi / Qin, Bing / Cao, Yunbo / Shi, Shuming

    A Multilingual Multitask Model with Sparsely Activated Skills

    2023  

    Abstract: ... multilingual multitask model, named SkillNet-X, which enables a single model to tackle many different tasks ... each of which corresponds to a skill module. SkillNet-X sparsely activates parts of the skill modules which are relevant ... We evaluate SkillNet-X on eleven natural language understanding datasets in four languages. Results show ...

    Abstract Traditional multitask learning methods basically can only exploit common knowledge in task- or language-wise, which lose either cross-language or cross-task knowledge. This paper proposes a general multilingual multitask model, named SkillNet-X, which enables a single model to tackle many different tasks from different languages. To this end, we define several language-specific skills and task-specific skills, each of which corresponds to a skill module. SkillNet-X sparsely activates parts of the skill modules which are relevant either to the target task or the target language. Acting as knowledge transit hubs, skill modules are capable of absorbing task-related knowledge and language-related knowledge consecutively. Based on Transformer, we modify the multi-head attention layer and the feed forward network layer to accommodate skill modules. We evaluate SkillNet-X on eleven natural language understanding datasets in four languages. Results show that SkillNet-X performs better than task-specific baselines and two multitask learning baselines (i.e., dense joint model and Mixture-of-Experts model). Furthermore, skill pre-training further improves the performance of SkillNet-X on almost all datasets. To investigate the generalization of our model, we conduct experiments on two new tasks and find that SkillNet-X significantly outperforms baselines.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 004
    Publishing date 2023-06-28
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Book ; Online: PaLI-X

    Chen, Xi / Djolonga, Josip / Padlewski, Piotr / Mustafa, Basil / Changpinyo, Soravit / Wu, Jialin / Ruiz, Carlos Riquelme / Goodman, Sebastian / Wang, Xiao / Tay, Yi / Shakeri, Siamak / Dehghani, Mostafa / Salz, Daniel / Lucic, Mario / Tschannen, Michael / Nagrani, Arsha / Hu, Hexiang / Joshi, Mandar / Pang, Bo /
    Montgomery, Ceslee / Pietrzyk, Paulina / Ritter, Marvin / Piergiovanni, AJ / Minderer, Matthias / Pavetic, Filip / Waters, Austin / Li, Gang / Alabdulmohsin, Ibrahim / Beyer, Lucas / Amelot, Julien / Lee, Kenton / Steiner, Andreas Peter / Li, Yang / Keysers, Daniel / Arnab, Anurag / Xu, Yuanzhong / Rong, Keran / Kolesnikov, Alexander / Seyedhosseini, Mojtaba / Angelova, Anelia / Zhai, Xiaohua / Houlsby, Neil / Soricut, Radu

    On Scaling up a Multilingual Vision and Language Model

    2023  

    Abstract: We present the training recipe and results of scaling up PaLI-X, a multilingual vision and language ... in-context) learning, as well as object detection, video question answering, and video captioning. PaLI-X ...

    Abstract We present the training recipe and results of scaling up PaLI-X, a multilingual vision and language model, both in terms of size of the components and the breadth of its training task mixture. Our model achieves new levels of performance on a wide-range of varied and complex tasks, including multiple image-based captioning and question-answering tasks, image-based document understanding and few-shot (in-context) learning, as well as object detection, video question answering, and video captioning. PaLI-X advances the state-of-the-art on most vision-and-language benchmarks considered (25+ of them). Finally, we observe emerging capabilities, such as complex counting and multilingual object detection, tasks that are not explicitly in the training mix.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
    Publishing date 2023-05-29
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Enhancing X-Ray Sensitization with Multifunctional Nanoparticles.

    Liu, Jiayi / Wu, JunYong / Chen, Taili / Yang, Bin / Liu, XiangPing / Xi, Jing / Zhang, Ziyang / Gao, Yawen / Li, ZhiHong

    Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

    2024  , Page(s) e2400954

    Abstract: In the progression of X-ray-based radiotherapy for the treatment of cancer, the incorporation ...

    Abstract In the progression of X-ray-based radiotherapy for the treatment of cancer, the incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) has a transformative impact. This study investigates the potential of NPs, particularly those comprised of high atomic number elements, as radiosensitizers. This aims to optimize localized radiation doses within tumors, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while preserving surrounding tissues. The multifaceted applications of NPs in radiotherapy encompass collaborative interactions with chemotherapeutic, immunotherapeutic, and targeted pharmaceuticals, along with contributions to photodynamic/photothermal therapy, imaging enhancement, and the integration of artificial intelligence technology. Despite promising preclinical outcomes, the paper acknowledges challenges in the clinical translation of these findings. The conclusion maintains an optimistic stance, emphasizing ongoing trials and technological advancements that bolster personalized treatment approaches. The paper advocates for continuous research and clinical validation, envisioning the integration of NPs as a revolutionary paradigm in cancer therapy, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-26
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2168935-0
    ISSN 1613-6829 ; 1613-6810
    ISSN (online) 1613-6829
    ISSN 1613-6810
    DOI 10.1002/smll.202400954
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Lentivirus-Mediated BCL-X

    Zehnle, Patricia M A / Wu, Ying / Koleci, Naile / Bohler, Sheila / Erlacher, Miriam

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 7

    Abstract: ... molecule inhibitor StemRegenin 1, concomitant lentiviral overexpression of antiapoptotic BCL-X ...

    Abstract Hematopoietic reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is influenced by the number of transplanted cells. However, under certain conditions donor cell counts are limited and impair clinical outcome. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion prior to HSCT is a widely used method to achieve higher donor cell counts and minimize transplantation-related risks such as graft failure or delayed engraftment. Still, expansion in a non-physiological environment can trigger cell death mechanisms and hence counteract the desired effect. We have shown earlier that during HSCT a relevant amount of HSPCs were lost due to apoptosis and that cell death inhibition in donor HSPCs improved engraftment in xenotransplantation experiments. Here, we assessed the effect of combined ex vivo expansion and cell death inhibition on HSPC yield and their reconstitution potential in vivo. During expansion with cytokines and the small molecule inhibitor StemRegenin 1, concomitant lentiviral overexpression of antiapoptotic BCL-X
    MeSH term(s) Transplantation, Heterologous ; Lentivirus/genetics ; Apoptosis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Cell Death
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms25074105
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Cyclic peptides discriminate BCL-2 and its clinical mutants from BCL-X

    Li, Fengwei / Liu, Junjie / Liu, Chao / Liu, Ziyan / Peng, Xiangda / Huang, Yinyue / Chen, Xiaoyu / Sun, Xiangnan / Wang, Sen / Chen, Wei / Xiong, Dan / Diao, Xiaotong / Wang, Sheng / Zhuang, Jingjing / Wu, Chuanliu / Wu, Dalei

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 1476

    Abstract: Overexpressed pro-survival B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family proteins BCL-2 and BCL-X ...

    Abstract Overexpressed pro-survival B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family proteins BCL-2 and BCL-X
    MeSH term(s) Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology ; bcl-X Protein/metabolism ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacology ; Sulfonamides/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor
    Chemical Substances venetoclax (N54AIC43PW) ; Peptides, Cyclic ; bcl-X Protein ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; Sulfonamides ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-45848-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Probing Energy-Funneling Kinetics in Nanocrystal Sublattices for Superior X-Ray Imaging.

    Wu, Qinxia / Xu, Xinqi / Li, Xiaokun / Jiang, Hao / Qin, Xian / Hong, Zhongzhu / Chen, Xiaofeng / Yang, Zhijian / Ou, Xiangyu / Xie, Lili / He, Yu / Han, Sanyang / Chen, Qiushui / Yang, Huanghao

    Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

    2024  , Page(s) e202404177

    Abstract: ... storing X-ray energy. However, determination of energy-conversion kinetics in these nanocrystals remains ...

    Abstract Long-lasting radioluminescence scintillators have recently attracted substantial attention from both research and industrial communities, primarily due to their distinctive capabilities of converting and storing X-ray energy. However, determination of energy-conversion kinetics in these nanocrystals remains unexplored. Here we present a strategy to probe and unveil energy-funneling kinetics in NaLuF
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2011836-3
    ISSN 1521-3773 ; 1433-7851
    ISSN (online) 1521-3773
    ISSN 1433-7851
    DOI 10.1002/anie.202404177
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Book ; Online: Open X-Embodiment

    Collaboration, Open X-Embodiment / Padalkar, Abhishek / Pooley, Acorn / Mandlekar, Ajay / Jain, Ajinkya / Tung, Albert / Bewley, Alex / Herzog, Alex / Irpan, Alex / Khazatsky, Alexander / Rai, Anant / Singh, Anikait / Garg, Animesh / Brohan, Anthony / Raffin, Antonin / Wahid, Ayzaan / Burgess-Limerick, Ben / Kim, Beomjoon / Schölkopf, Bernhard /
    Ichter, Brian / Lu, Cewu / Xu, Charles / Finn, Chelsea / Xu, Chenfeng / Chi, Cheng / Huang, Chenguang / Chan, Christine / Pan, Chuer / Fu, Chuyuan / Devin, Coline / Driess, Danny / Pathak, Deepak / Shah, Dhruv / Büchler, Dieter / Kalashnikov, Dmitry / Sadigh, Dorsa / Johns, Edward / Ceola, Federico / Xia, Fei / Stulp, Freek / Zhou, Gaoyue / Sukhatme, Gaurav S. / Salhotra, Gautam / Yan, Ge / Schiavi, Giulio / Kahn, Gregory / Su, Hao / Fang, Hao-Shu / Shi, Haochen / Amor, Heni Ben / Christensen, Henrik I / Furuta, Hiroki / Walke, Homer / Fang, Hongjie / Mordatch, Igor / Radosavovic, Ilija / Leal, Isabel / Liang, Jacky / Abou-Chakra, Jad / Kim, Jaehyung / Peters, Jan / Schneider, Jan / Hsu, Jasmine / Bohg, Jeannette / Bingham, Jeffrey / Wu, Jiajun / Wu, Jialin / Luo, Jianlan / Gu, Jiayuan / Tan, Jie / Oh, Jihoon / Malik, Jitendra / Booher, Jonathan / Tompson, Jonathan / Yang, Jonathan / Lim, Joseph J. / Silvério, João / Han, Junhyek / Rao, Kanishka / Pertsch, Karl / Hausman, Karol / Go, Keegan / Gopalakrishnan, Keerthana / Goldberg, Ken / Byrne, Kendra / Oslund, Kenneth / Kawaharazuka, Kento / Zhang, Kevin / Rana, Krishan / Srinivasan, Krishnan / Chen, Lawrence Yunliang / Pinto, Lerrel / Fei-Fei, Li / Tan, Liam / Ott, Lionel / Lee, Lisa / Tomizuka, Masayoshi / Spero, Max / Du, Maximilian / Ahn, Michael / Zhang, Mingtong / Ding, Mingyu / Srirama, Mohan Kumar / Sharma, Mohit / Kim, Moo Jin / Kanazawa, Naoaki / Hansen, Nicklas / Heess, Nicolas / Joshi, Nikhil J / Suenderhauf, Niko / Di Palo, Norman / Shafiullah, Nur Muhammad Mahi / Mees, Oier / Kroemer, Oliver / Sanketi, Pannag R / Wohlhart, Paul / Xu, Peng / Sermanet, Pierre / Sundaresan, Priya / Vuong, Quan / Rafailov, Rafael / Tian, Ran / Doshi, Ria / Martín-Martín, Roberto / Mendonca, Russell / Shah, Rutav / Hoque, Ryan / Julian, Ryan / Bustamante, Samuel / Kirmani, Sean / Levine, Sergey / Moore, Sherry / Bahl, Shikhar / Dass, Shivin / Sonawani, Shubham / Song, Shuran / Xu, Sichun / Haldar, Siddhant / Adebola, Simeon / Guist, Simon / Nasiriany, Soroush / Schaal, Stefan / Welker, Stefan / Tian, Stephen / Dasari, Sudeep / Belkhale, Suneel / Osa, Takayuki / Harada, Tatsuya / Matsushima, Tatsuya / Xiao, Ted / Yu, Tianhe / Ding, Tianli / Davchev, Todor / Zhao, Tony Z. / Armstrong, Travis / Darrell, Trevor / Jain, Vidhi / Vanhoucke, Vincent / Zhan, Wei / Zhou, Wenxuan / Burgard, Wolfram / Chen, Xi / Wang, Xiaolong / Zhu, Xinghao / Li, Xuanlin / Lu, Yao / Chebotar, Yevgen / Zhou, Yifan / Zhu, Yifeng / Xu, Ying / Wang, Yixuan / Bisk, Yonatan / Cho, Yoonyoung / Lee, Youngwoon / Cui, Yuchen / Wu, Yueh-Hua / Tang, Yujin / Zhu, Yuke / Li, Yunzhu / Iwasawa, Yusuke / Matsuo, Yutaka / Xu, Zhuo / Cui, Zichen Jeff

    Robotic Learning Datasets and RT-X Models

    2023  

    Abstract: ... generalist X-robot policy that can be adapted efficiently to new robots, tasks, and environments ... of effective X-robot policies. We assemble a dataset from 22 different robots collected through a collaboration ... trained on this data, which we call RT-X, exhibits positive transfer and improves the capabilities ...

    Abstract Large, high-capacity models trained on diverse datasets have shown remarkable successes on efficiently tackling downstream applications. In domains from NLP to Computer Vision, this has led to a consolidation of pretrained models, with general pretrained backbones serving as a starting point for many applications. Can such a consolidation happen in robotics? Conventionally, robotic learning methods train a separate model for every application, every robot, and even every environment. Can we instead train generalist X-robot policy that can be adapted efficiently to new robots, tasks, and environments? In this paper, we provide datasets in standardized data formats and models to make it possible to explore this possibility in the context of robotic manipulation, alongside experimental results that provide an example of effective X-robot policies. We assemble a dataset from 22 different robots collected through a collaboration between 21 institutions, demonstrating 527 skills (160266 tasks). We show that a high-capacity model trained on this data, which we call RT-X, exhibits positive transfer and improves the capabilities of multiple robots by leveraging experience from other platforms. More details can be found on the project website $\href{https://robotics-transformer-x.github.io}{\text{robotics-transformer-x.github.io}}$.
    Keywords Computer Science - Robotics
    Subject code 629
    Publishing date 2023-10-13
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Dynamic X-ray imaging with screen-printed perovskite CMOS array.

    Liu, Yanliang / Gao, Chaosong / Li, Dong / Zhang, Xin / Zhu, Jiongtao / Wu, Meng / Liu, Wenjun / Shi, Tongyu / He, Xingchen / Wang, Jiahong / Huang, Hao / Sheng, Zonghai / Liang, Dong / Yu, Xue-Feng / Zheng, Hairong / Sun, Xiangming / Ge, Yongshuai

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 1588

    Abstract: High performance X-ray detector with ultra-high spatial and temporal resolution are crucial ... for biomedical imaging. This study reports a dynamic direct-conversion CMOS X-ray detector assembled with screen ...

    Abstract High performance X-ray detector with ultra-high spatial and temporal resolution are crucial for biomedical imaging. This study reports a dynamic direct-conversion CMOS X-ray detector assembled with screen-printed CsPbBr
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-45871-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Near-Unity Green Luminescent Hybrid Manganese Halides as X-ray Scintillators.

    Zhang, Jie / Wang, Xin / Wang, Wen-Qi / Deng, Xiangyuan / Yue, Cheng-Yang / Lei, Xiao-Wu / Gong, Zhongliang

    Inorganic chemistry

    2024  Volume 63, Issue 5, Page(s) 2647–2654

    Abstract: ... for colorful light-emitting diodes and X-ray imaging applications. In this study, two OIMH single crystals ...

    Abstract The increasing demands in optoelectronic applications have driven the advancement of organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides (OIMHs), owing to their exceptional optical and scintillation properties. Among them, zero-dimensional (0D) low-toxic manganese-based scintillators have garnered significant interest due to their exceptional optical transparency and elevated photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), making them promising for colorful light-emitting diodes and X-ray imaging applications. In this study, two OIMH single crystals of (Br-PrTPP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1484438-2
    ISSN 1520-510X ; 0020-1669
    ISSN (online) 1520-510X
    ISSN 0020-1669
    DOI 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03924
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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