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Article ; Online: Seasonal variations in respiratory morbidity in primary care and its correlation with the quality of air in urban Odisha, India.

Sinha, Abhinav / Pritam, Jitendriya Amrit / Jain, Hitesh Kumar / Giri, Sidhartha / Pati, Sanghamitra / Kshatri, Jaya Singh

PLOS global public health

2024 Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) e0002313

Abstract: Poor air quality, especially in urban regions among low-and middle-income countries such as India poses a significant healthcare challenge. Amongst urban areas, metropolitan cities garner the utmost importance for air quality related policies and studies ...

Abstract	Poor air quality, especially in urban regions among low-and middle-income countries such as India poses a significant healthcare challenge. Amongst urban areas, metropolitan cities garner the utmost importance for air quality related policies and studies with limited studies from tier II cities which are thought to be relatively immune to air pollution. Hence, we aimed to identify the most frequent respiratory morbidities and explore its correlation with exposure to ambient PM2.5 particles in Bhubaneswar (a tier II city in coastal India), Odisha. A chart review was carried out through data extracted from the records of urban health centres. Data on PM2.5 concentrations were obtained from Odisha State Pollution Control Board. The morbidities were coded by using the International Classification of Primary Care‑2 system (ICPC-2). Descriptive statistics such as incidence of respiratory illnesses was computed across seasons. The ecological correlation between respiratory morbidity patterns and corresponding concentration of PM2.5 in air was analysed for each season. A positive correlation (r = o.94) between PM2.5 and respiratory morbidities was observed. The incidence of respiratory morbidities was 183.31 per 1000 person year. We identified 21 out of 43 respiratory diseases classified under ICPC-2. Upper Respiratory Tract Infection was the most commonly (116.8 per 1000 person year) incident condition. We observed one-fourth increase in the incidence of respiratory illnesses during winters. Respiratory morbidities are common in urban Bhubaneswar which follows a seasonal pattern and are possibly linked with the seasonal variations in levels of PM2.5 particles. Our study highlights that tier II cities are equally prone to health effects of air pollution. Future programmes and policies should take these cities into consideration too.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2767-3375
ISSN (online)	2767-3375
DOI	10.1371/journal.pgph.0002313
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Liver Biopsy and Pressure Hemodynamics: IR Perspective

Jain, Aakash / Hughes III, Joseph A. / Tavri, Sidhartha

Digestive Disease Interventions

(I Do It My Way: Alternative Approaches in Multidisciplinary Management of GI Diseases)

2023 Volume 07, Issue 04, Page(s) 273–279

Abstract: Liver biopsy is important for staging of liver disease and cirrhosis and can be performed by many techniques. While percutaneous biopsy is fast, safe, effective, and widely available, transvenous biopsy, most often performed from the transjugular ... ...

Series title	I Do It My Way: Alternative Approaches in Multidisciplinary Management of GI Diseases
Abstract	Liver biopsy is important for staging of liver disease and cirrhosis and can be performed by many techniques. While percutaneous biopsy is fast, safe, effective, and widely available, transvenous biopsy, most often performed from the transjugular approach, offers many advantages for selected patients. In the setting of suspected or confirmed portal hypertension, transjugular liver biopsy (TJLB), most commonly performed by interventional radiologists, can be used to simultaneously obtain core biopsies of the liver and measure hemodynamic pressures in the right atrium, hepatic vein, and portal vein to calculate a hepatic venous pressure gradient. TJLB can be performed safely when percutaneous biopsy is contraindicated, including in the setting of ascites, coagulopathy, anticoagulation, and other high-risk bleeding situations. The procedure can be performed in the outpatient setting in a short period of time for most patients and without the use of precious anesthesia resources. Hepatic venography also allows for variant anatomy evaluation that may be important in the diagnosis and planning of future procedures, such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.
Keywords	liver biopsy transjugular liver biopsy ; hepatic venous pressure gradient ; chronic liver disorder
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-31
Publisher	Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ISSN	2472-873X ; 2472-8721
ISSN (online)	2472-873X
ISSN	2472-8721
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1771311
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Antimicrobial resistance in food-borne pathogens at the human-animal interface

Jaspreet Mahindroo / Chandradeo Narayan / Vinay Modgil / Harpreet Kaur / Varun Shahi / Bhawna Sharma / Ruby Jain / Sidhartha Thakur / Balvinder Mohan / Neelam Taneja

One Health, Vol 18, Iss , Pp 100677- (2024)

Results from a large surveillance study in India

2024

Abstract: Background: The burden of foodborne diseases and antimicrobial resistance carried by key foodborne pathogens in India is unknown due to a lack of an integrated surveillance system at the human-animal interface. Methods: We present data from the WHO- ... ...

Abstract	Background: The burden of foodborne diseases and antimicrobial resistance carried by key foodborne pathogens in India is unknown due to a lack of an integrated surveillance system at the human-animal interface. Methods: We present data from the WHO-AGISAR (Advisory Group on Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance), India project. Concurrent human and animal sampling was done across a large area across north India. Community-acquired diarrhea cases (n = 1968) of all age groups were included. Cross-sectional sampling of stool/ intestinal contents (n = 487) and meat samples (n = 419) from food-producing animals was done at farms, retail shops, and slaughterhouses. Pathogens were cultured and identified, and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed. Results: Over 80% of diarrhoeal samples were obtained from moderate to severe diarrhea patients, which yielded EAEC (5%), ETEC (4.84%), EPEC (4.32%), and Campylobacter spp. (2%). A high carriage of EPEC (32.11%) and Campylobacter spp. (24.72%) was noted in food animals, but the prevalence of ETEC (2%) and EAEC (1%) was low. Atypical EPEC (aEPEC, 84.52%, p ≤0.0001) were predominant and caused milder diarrhea. All EPEC from animal/poultry were aEPEC. Overall, a very high level of resistance was observed, and the MDR rate ranged from 29.2% in Campylobacter spp., 53.6% in EPEC, and 59.8% in ETEC. Resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam, cefepime, ceftriaxone, and co-trimoxazole was significantly higher in human strains. In contrast, resistance to ciprofloxacin, aminoglycosides, and tetracycline was higher in animal strains, reflecting the corresponding usage in human and animal sectors. ESBL production was commoner in animal isolates than in humans, indicating high use of third-generation cephalosporins in the animal sector. C. hyointestinalis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, first time reported from India. Conclusion: In one of the most extensive studies from India, a high burden of key foodborne pathogens with MDR and ESBL phenotypes was found in livestock, ...
Keywords	Foodborne bacteria ; Campylobacter spp ; E. coli ; Antibiotic resistance ; One health ; India ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Influence of the restoration after pulpotomy on the strength of electrical stimulus reaching the pulp space: An

Chopra, Aakanksha / Sharma, Sidhartha / Kumar, Vijay / Chawla, Amrita / Jain, Suman / Logani, Ajay

Journal of conservative dentistry : JCD

2023 Volume 26, Issue 3, Page(s) 338–343

Abstract: Introduction: The study evaluated the influence of coronal restoration after pulpotomy on the strength of electrical stimulus reaching the radicular pulp using an electric pulp test (EPT).: Materials and methods: The pulp tissue from ten freshly ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The study evaluated the influence of coronal restoration after pulpotomy on the strength of electrical stimulus reaching the radicular pulp using an electric pulp test (EPT). Materials and methods: The pulp tissue from ten freshly extracted mandibular premolar teeth was removed and replaced with an electroconductive gel. The cathode probe of Powerlab was inserted into the pulp space and the anode probe was attached to the EPT handpiece. The EPT probe coated with electro-conducting material was positioned in the middle third of the buccal crown surface. The EPT stimulus reaching the pulp space of an intact tooth at 40 numerical readings was recorded. The tooth was removed from model and endodontic access was made. The 2-mm thick mineral trioxide aggregate was placed at the cementoenamel junction followed by composite resin restoration. The experimental setup was re-established and postpulpotomy EPT stimulus data were recorded. The data collected were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: There was a statistically significant difference ( Conclusion: The placement of the restoration and pulp capping agent after pulpotomy dampens the strength of EPT stimulus reaching the pulp canal space.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-16
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2064481-4
ISSN	0972-0707
ISSN	0972-0707
DOI	10.4103/jcd.jcd_67_23
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Article ; Online: Padlock probe-based rolling circle amplification lateral flow assay for point-of-need nucleic acid detection.

Jain, Sidhartha / Dandy, David S / Geiss, Brian J / Henry, Charles S

The Analyst

2021 Volume 146, Issue 13, Page(s) 4340–4347

Abstract: Sensitive, reliable and cost-effective detection of pathogens has wide ranging applications in clinical diagnostics and therapeutics, water and food safety, environmental monitoring, biosafety and epidemiology. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) ... ...

Abstract	Sensitive, reliable and cost-effective detection of pathogens has wide ranging applications in clinical diagnostics and therapeutics, water and food safety, environmental monitoring, biosafety and epidemiology. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) such as PCR and isothermal amplification methods provide excellent analytical performance and significantly faster turnaround times than conventional culture-based methods. However, the inherent cost and complexity of NAATs limit their application in resource-limited settings and the developing world. To help address this urgent need, we have developed a sensitive method for nucleic acid analysis based on padlock probe rolling circle amplification (PLRCA), nuclease protection (NP) and lateral flow detection (LFA), referred to as PLAN-LFA, that can be used in resource-limited settings. The assay involves solution-phase hybridization of a padlock probe to target, sequence-specific ligation of the probe to form a circular template that undergoes isothermal rolling circle amplification in the presence of a polymerase and a labeled probe DNA. The RCA product is a long, linear concatenated single-stranded DNA that contains binding sites for the labeled probe. The sample is then exposed to a nuclease which selectively cleaves single-stranded DNA, the double-stranded labeled probe is protected from nuclease digestion and detected in a lateral flow immunoassay format to provide a visual, colorimetric readout of results. We have developed specific assays targeting beta-lactamase resistance gene for monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus discovered in 2019) using the PLAN-LFA platform. The assay provides a limit of detection of 1.1 pM target DNA (or 1.3 × 106 copies per reaction). We also demonstrate the versatility and robustness of the method by performing analysis on DNA and RNA targets, and perform analysis in complex sample matrices like saliva, plant tissue extract and bacterial culture without any sample pretreatment steps.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; DNA Probes ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	DNA Probes
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210747-8
ISSN	1364-5528 ; 0003-2654
ISSN (online)	1364-5528
ISSN	0003-2654
DOI	10.1039/d1an00399b
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Article: Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption: Diagnosis, clinical/radiographical/histological presentation, and rehabilitation - A 7-year follow-up case report.

Sharma, Sidhartha / Kumar, Pravesh / Jain, Veena / Logani, Ajay

Journal of conservative dentistry : JCD

2019 Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 313–317

Abstract: Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption (MICRR) is a rare condition. The etiology is unknown and occurs spontaneously in healthy controls in the absence of local, systemic, or any other plausible cause. The teeth themselves appear clinically normal. ...

Abstract	Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption (MICRR) is a rare condition. The etiology is unknown and occurs spontaneously in healthy controls in the absence of local, systemic, or any other plausible cause. The teeth themselves appear clinically normal. The pattern of resorption begins in cementoenamel junction and can progress rapidly over a short time. It is a debilitating condition which often leads to extraction of all the involved teeth. This article describes a case of MICRR over a period of 7 years with emphasis on the history, clinical/histological findings, cone beam computed tomographic examination, therapeutic intervention as well as the final prosthodontic rehabilitation with implants.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-31
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2064481-4
ISSN	0972-0707
ISSN	0972-0707
DOI	10.4103/JCD.JCD_445_18
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Article ; Online: Paper-based nuclease protection assay with on-chip sample pretreatment for point-of-need nucleic acid detection.

Noviana, Eka / Jain, Sidhartha / Hofstetter, Josephine / Geiss, Brian J / Dandy, David S / Henry, Charles S

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry

2020 Volume 412, Issue 13, Page(s) 3051–3061

Abstract: Pathogen detection is crucial for human, animal, and environmental health; crop protection; and biosafety. Current culture-based methods have long turnaround times and lack sensitivity. Nucleic acid amplification tests offer high specificity and ... ...

Abstract	Pathogen detection is crucial for human, animal, and environmental health; crop protection; and biosafety. Current culture-based methods have long turnaround times and lack sensitivity. Nucleic acid amplification tests offer high specificity and sensitivity. However, their cost and complexity remain a significant hurdle to their applications in resource-limited settings. Thus, point-of-need molecular diagnostic platforms that can be used by minimally trained personnel are needed. The nuclease protection assay (NPA) is a nucleic acid hybridization-based technique that does not rely on amplification, can be paired with other methods to improve specificity, and has the potential to be developed into a point-of-need device. In traditional NPAs, hybridization of an anti-sense probe to the target sequence is followed by single-strand nuclease digestion. The double-stranded target-probe hybrids are protected from nuclease digestion, precipitated, and visualized using autoradiography or other methods. We have developed a paper-based nuclease protection assay (PB-NPA) that can be implemented in field settings as the detection approach requires limited equipment and technical expertise. The PB-NPA uses a lateral flow format to capture the labeled target-probe hybrids onto a nitrocellulose membrane modified with an anti-label antibody. A colorimetric enzyme-substrate pair is used for signal visualization, producing a test line. The nuclease digestion of non-target and mismatched DNA provides high specificity while signal amplification with the reporter enzyme-substrate provides high sensitivity. We have also developed an on-chip sample pretreatment step utilizing chitosan-modified paper to eliminate possible interferents from the reaction and preconcentrate nucleic acids, thereby significantly reducing the need for auxiliary equipment. Graphical abstract.
MeSH term(s)	DNA/chemistry ; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ; Limit of Detection ; Nucleic Acids/analysis ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Paper ; Point-of-Care Systems
Chemical Substances	Nucleic Acids ; DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-19
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	201093-8
ISSN	1618-2650 ; 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
ISSN (online)	1618-2650
ISSN	0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
DOI	10.1007/s00216-020-02569-w
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Article: Authors' response.

Praharaj, Ira / Jain, Amita / Singh, Mini / Balakrishnan, Anukumar / Dhodapkar, Rahul / Borkakoty, Biswajyoti / Ashok, Munivenkatappa / Das, Pradeep / Biswas, Debasis / Kalawat, Usha / Turuk, Jyotirmayee / Sugunan, A P / Prakash, Shantanu / Singh, Anirudh K / Barathidasan, Rajamani / Subhadra, Subhra / Sabat, Jyotsnamayee / Manjunath, M J / Kanta, Poonam /

Mudhigeti, Nagaraja / Hazarika, Rahul / Mishra, Hricha / Abhishek, Kumar / Santhalembi, C / Dikhit, Manas Ranjan / Vijay, Neetu / Narayan, Jitendra / Kaur, Harmanmeet / Giri, Sidhartha / Gupta, Nivedita

The Indian journal of medical research

2021 Volume 153, Issue 5&6, Page(s) 563

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-13
Publishing country	India
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	390883-5
ISSN	0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
ISSN	0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
DOI	10.4103/0971-5916.318161
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Article: Authors' response.

The Indian journal of medical research

2021 Volume 153, Issue 5&6, Page(s) 700–701

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-13
Publishing country	India
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	390883-5
ISSN	0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
ISSN	0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
DOI	10.4103/0971-5916.318158
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Article: First isolation of SARS-CoV-2 from clinical samples in India.

The Indian journal of medical research

2020 Volume 151, Issue 2 & 3, Page(s) 244–250

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; India ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vero Cells
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-02
Publishing country	India
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	390883-5
ISSN	0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
ISSN	0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
DOI	10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1029_20
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