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Article ; Online: Emerging biological functions of ribonuclease 1 and angiogenin.

Garnett, Emily R / Raines, Ronald T

Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

2021 Volume 57, Issue 3, Page(s) 244–260

Abstract: Pancreatic-type ribonucleases (ptRNases) are a large family of vertebrate-specific secretory endoribonucleases. These enzymes catalyze the degradation of many RNA substrates and thereby mediate a variety of biological functions. Though the homology of ... ...

Abstract	Pancreatic-type ribonucleases (ptRNases) are a large family of vertebrate-specific secretory endoribonucleases. These enzymes catalyze the degradation of many RNA substrates and thereby mediate a variety of biological functions. Though the homology of ptRNases has informed biochemical characterization and evolutionary analyses, the understanding of their biological roles is incomplete. Here, we review the functions of two ptRNases: RNase 1 and angiogenin. RNase 1, which is an abundant ptRNase with high catalytic activity, has newly discovered roles in inflammation and blood coagulation. Angiogenin, which promotes neovascularization, is now known to play roles in the progression of cancer and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as in the cellular stress response. Ongoing work is illuminating the biology of these and other ptRNases.
MeSH term(s)	Endoribonucleases ; RNA ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/chemistry ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/genetics ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/metabolism ; Ribonucleases/genetics ; Ribonucleases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	RNA (63231-63-0) ; Endoribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; Ribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; angiogenin (EC 3.1.27.-) ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic (EC 3.1.27.5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1000977-2
ISSN	1549-7798 ; 1381-3455 ; 1040-9238
ISSN (online)	1549-7798
ISSN	1381-3455 ; 1040-9238
DOI	10.1080/10409238.2021.2004577
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Article ; Online: Trust your Endocrinologist - Report and Recommendations on the Ordering of Reverse T3 Testing.

Garnett, Emily R / Pagaduan, Jayson V / Devaraj, Sridevi

Annals of clinical and laboratory science

2020 Volume 50, Issue 3, Page(s) 383–385

Abstract: Laboratory testing for markers of thyroid function is essential for the diagnosis of thyroid disease, yet, the landscape of thyroid function testing is complex and inappropriate test orders are common. Reverse T3 (rT3) is frequently seen on thyroid ... ...

Abstract	Laboratory testing for markers of thyroid function is essential for the diagnosis of thyroid disease, yet, the landscape of thyroid function testing is complex and inappropriate test orders are common. Reverse T3 (rT3) is frequently seen on thyroid function testing menus as a marker of nonthyroidal illness. However, the diagnostic utility of rT3 for this indication is questionable, and testing of rT3 is not recommended by any professional practice guidelines. We reviewed a set of rT3 orders at our institution, and identified that 11 of 20 orders appeared inappropriate with respect to clinical context. These orders were less likely to have been placed at the recommendation of an endocrinologist relative to appropriate orders. We recommend that all providers refer to professional guidelines for thyroid function testing, and consult with an endocrinologist for appropriate usage of esoteric or non-standard thyroid function tests.
MeSH term(s)	Clinical Competence/statistics & numerical data ; Endocrinologists ; Guideline Adherence/trends ; Humans ; Texas ; Thyroid Function Tests/trends ; Thyroid Gland/metabolism ; Thyrotropin/analysis ; Thyroxine/analysis ; Triiodothyronine, Reverse/analysis
Chemical Substances	Triiodothyronine, Reverse (5817-39-0) ; Thyrotropin (9002-71-5) ; Thyroxine (Q51BO43MG4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193092-8
ISSN	1550-8080 ; 0091-7370 ; 0095-8905
ISSN (online)	1550-8080
ISSN	0091-7370 ; 0095-8905
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Article ; Online: Pandemic-Associated Trends in Measurement of HbA1c in Children with Diabetes Mellitus and Validation of Dried Blood Spot as an Alternative Sample Matrix.

Garnett, Emily R / Recio, Brandy / Jung, Joanna / Tam, Estella / Devaraj, Sridevi

Annals of clinical and laboratory science

2021 Volume 51, Issue 4, Page(s) 535–539

Abstract: ... analyzer. DBS HbA1c was well correlated to whole blood (r=0.9889) and exhibited intra- and inter-assay ...

Abstract	Objective: Routine monitoring of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is the standard of care in diabetes mellitus (DM), but adhering to regular laboratory appointments may be challenging when access to care is limited, such as during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States in 2020. Materials: We evaluated trends in patient encounters and laboratory testing for DM in a pediatric healthcare system from March to September 2019 and during the same period in 2020. Results: Evaluation of 17,367 patient encounters illustrated that the pandemic was associated with significantly fewer in-person office visits and point-of-care HbA1c tests for patients with DM in 2020 relative to 2019. A separate analysis of 7,193 HbA1c results measured by point-of-care testing in the general population found a significant increase in the number of measured HbA1c >14 % in May 2020 relative to 2019, but other measured HbA1c values did not differ. As a means to address lapses in the monitoring of HbA1c due to the pandemic, we evaluated the use of the dried blood spot (DBS) matrix for measurement of HbA1c by the Vitros 5600 chemistry analyzer. DBS HbA1c was well correlated to whole blood (r=0.9889) and exhibited intra- and inter-assay precision from 0.5-3.5%. Conclusion: DBS measurement of HbA1c presents a viable alternative to routine in-person laboratory monitoring of DM.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Specimen Collection/methods ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diabetes Mellitus/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Dried Blood Spot Testing/methods ; Dried Blood Spot Testing/trends ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Telemedicine/methods ; Telemedicine/trends ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Glycated Hemoglobin A ; hemoglobin A1c protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	193092-8
ISSN	1550-8080 ; 0091-7370 ; 0095-8905
ISSN (online)	1550-8080
ISSN	0091-7370 ; 0095-8905
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Article: Comparison of random urine protein/creatinine ratio with 24-hour urine protein in suspected pre-eclampsia.

Olayinka, Lily / Garnett, Emily / Burnett, Brian / Devaraj, Sridevi

Practical laboratory medicine

2023 Volume 36, Page(s) e00316

Abstract: ... by 24-h urine protein and the UPCR (R = 0.88, P < 0.001). Concordance analysis showed 81.1% positive ...

Abstract	Introduction: Proteinuria is one of the classical criteria for the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. The gold standard remains the measurement of 24-h urine protein which is time consuming and prone to preanalytical errors. Random urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR) is endorsed by clinical practice guidelines as a faster alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the 24-h urine protein excretion and UPCR in the identification of proteinuria in suspected preeclamptic patients. Method: A total of 51 women with suspected pre-eclampsia from the maternal fetal clinic of our institution were retrospectively studied. The correlation between the UPCR in random urine samples and protein excretion in the 24-h urine collection was determined by Deming Regression analysis and Pearson correlation on EP evaluator and SPSS respectively. Result: There was a significant positive correlation between the numerical values obtained by 24-h urine protein and the UPCR (R = 0.88, P < 0.001). Concordance analysis showed 81.1% positive agreement for proteinuria between methods (>300 mg/24hr and >0.3) and 71.4% negative agreement. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of the UPCR was 74% and 69% respectively. Conclusion: Overall, UPCR was well correlated with 24-h urine protein and could be an effective and compliant screening tool to indicate proteinuria in preeclamptic patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2834973-8
ISSN	2352-5517
ISSN	2352-5517
DOI	10.1016/j.plabm.2023.e00316
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Article ; Online: Comparison of random urine protein/creatinine ratio with 24-hour urine protein in suspected pre-eclampsia

Lily Olayinka / Emily Garnett / Brian Burnett / Sridevi Devaraj

Practical Laboratory Medicine, Vol 36, Iss , Pp e00316- (2023)

2023

Abstract: ... h urine protein and the UPCR (R = 0.88, P < 0.001). Concordance analysis showed 81.1% positive ...

Abstract	Introduction: Proteinuria is one of the classical criteria for the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. The gold standard remains the measurement of 24-h urine protein which is time consuming and prone to preanalytical errors. Random urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR) is endorsed by clinical practice guidelines as a faster alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the 24-h urine protein excretion and UPCR in the identification of proteinuria in suspected preeclamptic patients. Method: A total of 51 women with suspected pre-eclampsia from the maternal fetal clinic of our institution were retrospectively studied. The correlation between the UPCR in random urine samples and protein excretion in the 24-h urine collection was determined by Deming Regression analysis and Pearson correlation on EP evaluator and SPSS respectively. Result: There was a significant positive correlation between the numerical values obtained by 24-h urine protein and the UPCR (R = 0.88, P < 0.001). Concordance analysis showed 81.1% positive agreement for proteinuria between methods (>300 mg/24hr and >0.3) and 71.4% negative agreement. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of the UPCR was 74% and 69% respectively. Conclusion: Overall, UPCR was well correlated with 24-h urine protein and could be an effective and compliant screening tool to indicate proteinuria in preeclamptic patients.
Keywords	Pre-eclampsia ; Protein-creatinine-ratio ; Proteinuria ; 24-H urine protein excretion ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Validation of the picoAMH assay on the Dynex DS2 platform.

Garnett, Emily R / Jariwala, Purviben / Rector, Kesha / Gibbons, William E / Zarutskie, Paul W / Devaraj, Sridevi

Practical laboratory medicine

2019 Volume 17, Page(s) e00140

Abstract: Objectives: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is increasingly used as a biomarker of ovarian reserve in clinical practice, and is used both for management of fertility treatments and prediction of menopause. We sought to validate the newly FDA-approved Ansh ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is increasingly used as a biomarker of ovarian reserve in clinical practice, and is used both for management of fertility treatments and prediction of menopause. We sought to validate the newly FDA-approved Ansh Laboratories MenoCheck picoAMH ELISA on the Dynex-DS2 platform for clinical use in our obstetrics and gynecology center. Design: Validation of the picoAMH ELISA on the Dynex-DS2 was performed according to CLSI guidelines. Intra- and inter-assay CV, assay linearity, and method comparison studies were carried out to verify assay precision and accuracy. The manufacturer's reference range was verified using 26 volunteer samples, and interference for hemolysis, lipemia, icterus, and biotin was evaluated. picoAMH results were additionally correlated with antral follicle count by ultrasound. Results: Intra- and inter-assay CV of the picoAMH assay on the DS2 was ≤4% and the assay was linear between concentrations of 0.0067-16.24 ng/mL (0.048-116.0 pmol/L) AMH. Method comparison was performed with the manufacturer's laboratory and indicated good correlation, with Deming regression yielding slope of 0.928 and intercept of -0.0421. The assay displayed no significant interference from hemolysis (1000 mg/dL), lipemia (2000 mg/dL), conjugated bilirubin (66 mg/dL), or biotin (10,000 ng/mL). Measurement of AMH on the DS2 was also correlated with antral follicle count, with Conclusions: Our results indicate that the picoAMH ELISA on the DS2 has good analytical performance suitable for clinical use.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-27
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2834973-8
ISSN	2352-5517
ISSN	2352-5517
DOI	10.1016/j.plabm.2019.e00140
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Article ; Online: Sosuga Virus Detected in Egyptian Rousette Bats (

Amman, Brian R / Koroma, Alusine H / Schuh, Amy J / Conteh, Immah / Sealy, Tara K / Foday, Ibrahim / Johnny, Jonathan / Bakarr, Ibrahim A / Whitmer, Shannon L M / Wright, Emily A / Gbakima, Aiah A / Graziano, James / Bangura, Camilla / Kamanda, Emmanuel / Osborne, Augustus / Saidu, Emmanuel / Musa, Jonathan A / Bangura, Doris F / Williams, Sammuel M T /

Fefegula, George M / Sumaila, Christian / Jabaty, Juliet / James, Fatmata H / Jambai, Amara / Garnett, Kate / Kamara, Thomas F / Towner, Jonathan S / Lebbie, Aiah

Viruses

2024 Volume 16, Issue 4

Abstract: Sosuga virus (SOSV), a rare human pathogenic paramyxovirus, was first discovered in 2012 when a person became ill after working in South Sudan and Uganda. During an ecological investigation, several species of bats were sampled and tested for SOSV RNA ... ...

Abstract	Sosuga virus (SOSV), a rare human pathogenic paramyxovirus, was first discovered in 2012 when a person became ill after working in South Sudan and Uganda. During an ecological investigation, several species of bats were sampled and tested for SOSV RNA and only one species, the Egyptian rousette bat (ERBs;
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chiroptera/virology ; Sierra Leone/epidemiology ; Paramyxoviridae Infections/veterinary ; Paramyxoviridae Infections/virology ; Paramyxoviridae Infections/epidemiology ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Disease Reservoirs/virology ; Humans
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v16040648
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Article ; Online: Engaging Teammates in the Promotion of Concussion Help Seeking.

Kroshus, Emily / Garnett, Bernice R / Baugh, Christine M / Calzo, Jerel P

Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education

2016 Volume 43, Issue 4, Page(s) 442–451

Abstract: Concussion underreporting contributes to the substantial public health burden of concussions from sport. Teammates may be able to play an important role in encouraging injury identification and help seeking. This study assessed whether there was an ... ...

Abstract	Concussion underreporting contributes to the substantial public health burden of concussions from sport. Teammates may be able to play an important role in encouraging injury identification and help seeking. This study assessed whether there was an association between beliefs about the consequences of continued play with a concussion and intentions to engage as a proactive bystander in facilitating or encouraging teammate help seeking for a possible concussion. Participants were 328 (male and female) members of 19 U.S. collegiate contact or collision sports teams. Athletes who believed that there were negative health or performance consequences of continued play with a concussion were significantly more likely than their peers to intend to encourage teammate help seeking, but not more likely to alert a coach or medical personnel. Additionally, athletes who believed that their teammates were more supportive of concussion safety were more likely to intend to engage as proactive bystanders in encouraging teammate help seeking. Exploring how to encourage bystander promotion of concussion safety is an important direction for future programming and evaluation research and may provide an opportunity to improve the effectiveness of concussion education.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1362906-2
ISSN	1552-6127 ; 1090-1981
ISSN (online)	1552-6127
ISSN	1090-1981
DOI	10.1177/1090198115602676
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Article ; Online: Phenotype of ribonuclease 1 deficiency in mice.

Garnett, Emily R / Lomax, Jo E / Mohammed, Bassem M / Gailani, David / Sheehan, John P / Raines, Ronald T

RNA (New York, N.Y.)

2019 Volume 25, Issue 8, Page(s) 921–934

Abstract: Biological roles for extracellular RNA (eRNA) have become apparent. For example, eRNA can induce contact activation in blood via activation of the plasma proteases factor XII (FXII) and factor XI (FXI). We sought to reveal the biological role of the ... ...

Abstract	Biological roles for extracellular RNA (eRNA) have become apparent. For example, eRNA can induce contact activation in blood via activation of the plasma proteases factor XII (FXII) and factor XI (FXI). We sought to reveal the biological role of the secretory enzyme ribonuclease 1 (RNase 1) in an organismal context by generating and analyzing RNase 1 knockout (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Blood Coagulation ; Body Size ; Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin/deficiency ; Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin/genetics ; Factor XI/metabolism ; Factor XII/metabolism ; Female ; Fertility ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Male ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Phenotype ; RNA/blood ; RNA/chemistry ; RNA Stability ; Up-Regulation
Chemical Substances	RNA (63231-63-0) ; Factor XII (9001-30-3) ; Factor XI (9013-55-2) ; Ear2 protein, mouse (EC 3.1.-) ; Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin (EC 3.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1241540-6
ISSN	1469-9001 ; 1355-8382
ISSN (online)	1469-9001
ISSN	1355-8382
DOI	10.1261/rna.070433.119
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Article ; Online: Social norms theory and concussion education.

Kroshus, Emily / Garnett, Bernice R / Baugh, Christine M / Calzo, Jerel P

Health education research

2015 Volume 30, Issue 6, Page(s) 1004–1013

Abstract: Secondary prevention of harm from sport-related concussion is contingent on immediate removal from play post-injury. To-date, educational efforts to reduce the prevalent risk behavior of continued play while symptomatic have been largely ineffective. ... ...

Abstract	Secondary prevention of harm from sport-related concussion is contingent on immediate removal from play post-injury. To-date, educational efforts to reduce the prevalent risk behavior of continued play while symptomatic have been largely ineffective. Social norms theory may hold promise as a foundation for more effective concussion education aimed at increasing concussion reporting. The primary objective of this study was to assess whether perceived team concussion reporting norms would be less supportive of an individual's safe concussion symptom reporting behavior than objective team norms. Participants were 328 male and female US collegiate athletes. Written surveys were completed in person during the spring of 2014. Among both male and female athletes, team concussion reporting norms were significantly misperceived, with athletes tending to think that they themselves have safer attitudes about concussion reporting than their teammates. Perceived norms were associated with symptom reporting intention, independent of the team's objective reporting norm. A social norms approach to concussion education, in which misperceived group norms are corrected and shifted in the direction of safety, is an important avenue for program development and evaluation research aimed at the secondary prevention of harm from concussion. Implications for the design of this type of educational programming are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Athletes/psychology ; Brain Concussion/psychology ; Female ; Health Education ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Intention ; Male ; Mandatory Reporting ; Safety ; Social Norms ; Sports ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-10-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	632781-3
ISSN	1465-3648 ; 0268-1153
ISSN (online)	1465-3648
ISSN	0268-1153
DOI	10.1093/her/cyv047
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