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Article ; Online: A compact underactuated gripper with two fingers and a retractable suction cup.

Courchesne, Julien / Cardou, Philippe / Rachide Onadja, Palamanga Abdoul

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1066516

Abstract: ... warehousing require versatile grippers, i.e., grippers that can pick up the widest possible variety of objects ...

Abstract	Modern industrial applications of robotics such as small-series production and automated warehousing require versatile grippers, i.e., grippers that can pick up the widest possible variety of objects. These objects must often be grasped or placed inside a container, which limits the size of the gripper. In this article, we propose to combine the two most popular gripper technologies in order to maximise versatility: finger grippers and suction-cup (vacuum) grippers. Many researchers and a few companies have followed this same idea in the past, but their gripper designs are often overly complex or too bulky to pick up objects inside containers. Here, we develop a gripper where the suction cup is lodged inside the palm of a two-finger robotic hand. The suction cup is mounted on a retractile rod that can extend to pick up objects inside containers without interference from the two fingers. A single actuator drives both the finger and sliding-rod motions so as to minimise the gripper complexity. The opening and closing sequence of the gripper is achieved by using a planetary gear train as transmission between the actuator, the fingers and the suction cup sliding mechanism. Special attention is paid to minimise the overall gripper size; its diameter being kept to 75 mm, which is that of the end link of the common UR5 robot. A prototype of the gripper is built and its versatility is demonstrated in a short accompanying video.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2781824-X
ISSN	2296-9144 ; 2296-9144
ISSN (online)	2296-9144
ISSN	2296-9144
DOI	10.3389/frobt.2023.1066516
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Article: Identification of incompletely processed potential carboxypeptidase E substrates from CpEfat/CpEfat mice.

Bures, E J / Courchesne, P L / Douglass, J / Chen, K / Davis, M T / Jones, M D / McGinley, M D / Robinson, J H / Spahr, C S / Sun, J / Wahl, R C / Patterson, S D

Proteomics

2001 Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 79–92

Abstract: ... CpEfat mice (deficient in Carboxypeptidase E, CpE) samples from fourteen neuroendocrine tissues in wild ...

Abstract	In an attempt to identify peptides that may be involved in the obese phenotype observed in CpEfat/CpEfat mice (deficient in Carboxypeptidase E, CpE) samples from fourteen neuroendocrine tissues in wild-type and CpEfat/CpEfat mice were obtained. Peptides were purified from these tissues and potential CpE substrate peptides were enriched using an anhydrotrypsin column that captures peptides with basic C-termini. Bound peptides were subjected to tryptic digestion and followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The relative levels of CpEfat/CpEfat versus wild-type peptides were determined by comparison of the ion intensities. Peptide ions elevated in the CpEfat/CpEfat samples were identified by targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. From those ions, 27 peptides derived from known neuropeptides (including CpE substrates) were identified, together with another 25 peptides from proteins not known to be components of the neuropeptide processing pathway. The known CpE substrates identified included the recently discovered proSAAS, granin-like neuroendocrine peptide precursor that inhibits prohormone processing. The approach demonstrated the feasibility of using an affinity-based method for identifying differences in specific classes of peptides between normal and mutant mice.
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carboxypeptidase H ; Carboxypeptidases/genetics ; Carboxypeptidases/metabolism ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Mass Spectrometry ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neuropeptides/genetics ; Neuropeptides/metabolism ; Neurosecretory Systems/metabolism ; Obesity/enzymology ; Obesity/genetics ; Obesity/metabolism ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; Protein Precursors/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Proteome ; Substrate Specificity ; Tissue Distribution
Chemical Substances	Neuropeptides ; Protein Precursors ; Proteome ; Carboxypeptidases (EC 3.4.-) ; Carboxypeptidase H (EC 3.4.17.10)
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-01
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2032093-0
ISSN	1615-9861 ; 1615-9853
ISSN (online)	1615-9861
ISSN	1615-9853
DOI	10.1002/1615-9861(200101)1:1<79::AID-PROT79>3.0.CO;2-8
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Zs.A 1868: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: A compact underactuated gripper with two fingers and a retractable suction cup

Julien Courchesne / Philippe Cardou / Palamanga Abdoul Rachide Onadja

Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol

2023 Volume 10

Abstract: ... warehousing require versatile grippers, i.e., grippers that can pick up the widest possible variety of objects ...

Abstract	Modern industrial applications of robotics such as small-series production and automated warehousing require versatile grippers, i.e., grippers that can pick up the widest possible variety of objects. These objects must often be grasped or placed inside a container, which limits the size of the gripper. In this article, we propose to combine the two most popular gripper technologies in order to maximise versatility: finger grippers and suction-cup (vacuum) grippers. Many researchers and a few companies have followed this same idea in the past, but their gripper designs are often overly complex or too bulky to pick up objects inside containers. Here, we develop a gripper where the suction cup is lodged inside the palm of a two-finger robotic hand. The suction cup is mounted on a retractile rod that can extend to pick up objects inside containers without interference from the two fingers. A single actuator drives both the finger and sliding-rod motions so as to minimise the gripper complexity. The opening and closing sequence of the gripper is achieved by using a planetary gear train as transmission between the actuator, the fingers and the suction cup sliding mechanism. Special attention is paid to minimise the overall gripper size; its diameter being kept to 75 mm, which is that of the end link of the common UR5 robot. A prototype of the gripper is built and its versatility is demonstrated in a short accompanying video.
Keywords	gripper ; vacuum gripper ; suction cup ; hybrid grasping ; robot hand ; underactuated ; Mechanical engineering and machinery ; TJ1-1570 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Subject code	629
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Functional connectivity of the human face network exhibits right hemispheric lateralization from infancy to adulthood.

Lesinger, Keren / Rosenthal, Gideon / Pierce, Karen / Courchesne, Eric / Dinstein, Ilan / Avidan, Galia

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 20831

Abstract: Adults typically exhibit right hemispheric dominance in the processing of faces. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated age-dependent changes in face processing lateralization from infancy to adulthood (1-48 years old; N = 194). We co-registered ... ...

Abstract	Adults typically exhibit right hemispheric dominance in the processing of faces. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated age-dependent changes in face processing lateralization from infancy to adulthood (1-48 years old; N = 194). We co-registered anatomical and resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scans of toddlers, children, adolescents, and adults into a common space and examined functional connectivity across the face, as well as place, and object-selective regions identified in adults. As expected, functional connectivity between core face-selective regions was stronger in the right compared to the left hemisphere in adults. Most importantly, the same lateralization was evident in all other age groups (infants, children, adolescents) and appeared only in face-selective regions, and not in place or object-selective regions. These findings suggest that the physiological development of face-selective brain areas may differ from that of object and place-selective areas. Specifically, the functional connectivity of the core-face selective regions exhibits rightward lateralization from infancy, years before these areas develop mature face-selective responses.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Infant ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Functional Laterality/physiology ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/physiology ; Facial Recognition/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-47581-z
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Article ; Online: Nutrient-assisted phytoremediation of wood preservative-contaminated technosols with co-planting of Salix interior and Festuca arundinacea.

Yavari, Sara / Courchesne, François / Brisson, Jacques

Environmental science and pollution research international

2021 Volume 28, Issue 41, Page(s) 58018–58034

Abstract: ... to the carcinogenic nature of some contaminants derived from wood preservatives (e.g., Cr ...

Abstract	The remediation of wood preservative-contaminated sites is an important issue due to the carcinogenic nature of some contaminants derived from wood preservatives (e.g., Cr
MeSH term(s)	Biodegradation, Environmental ; Festuca ; Nutrients ; Salix ; Soil Pollutants/analysis ; Wood/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Soil Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-021-14076-1
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Article ; Online: Prenatal Origins of ASD: The When, What, and How of ASD Development.

Courchesne, Eric / Gazestani, Vahid H / Lewis, Nathan E

Trends in neurosciences

2020 Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 326–342

Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a largely heritable, multistage prenatal disorder that impacts a child's ability to perceive and react to social information. Most ASD risk genes are expressed prenatally in many ASD-relevant brain regions and fall into ... ...

Abstract	Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a largely heritable, multistage prenatal disorder that impacts a child's ability to perceive and react to social information. Most ASD risk genes are expressed prenatally in many ASD-relevant brain regions and fall into two categories: broadly expressed regulatory genes that are expressed in the brain and other organs, and brain-specific genes. In trimesters one to three (Epoch-1), one set of broadly expressed (the majority) and brain-specific risk genes disrupts cell proliferation, neurogenesis, migration, and cell fate, while in trimester three and early postnatally (Epoch-2) another set (the majority being brain specific) disrupts neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and the 'wiring' of the cortex. A proposed model is that upstream, highly interconnected regulatory ASD gene mutations disrupt transcriptional programs or signaling pathways resulting in dysregulation of downstream processes such as proliferation, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and neural activity. Dysregulation of signaling pathways is correlated with ASD social symptom severity. Since the majority of ASD risk genes are broadly expressed, many ASD individuals may benefit by being treated as having a broader medical disorder. An important future direction is the noninvasive study of ASD cell biology.
MeSH term(s)	Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics ; Brain ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Humans ; Neurogenesis/genetics ; Neuronal Outgrowth ; Pregnancy
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	282488-7
ISSN	1878-108X ; 0378-5912 ; 0166-2236
ISSN (online)	1878-108X
ISSN	0378-5912 ; 0166-2236
DOI	10.1016/j.tins.2020.03.005
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Zs.MG 53: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Endowing textiles with self-repairing ability through the fabrication of composites with a bacterial biofilm.

Cai, Anqi / Abdali, Zahra / Saldanha, Dalia Jane / Aminzare, Masoud / Dorval Courchesne, Noémie-Manuelle

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 11389

Abstract: ... of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria into conventional knitted textiles. The major structural protein component in E ...

Abstract	To address the increasing environmental footprint of the fast-growing textile industry, self-repairing textile composites have been developed to allow torn or damaged textiles to restore their morphological, mechanical, and functional features. A sustainable way to create these textile composites is to introduce a coating material that is biologically derived, biodegradable, and can be produced through scalable processes. Here, we fabricated self-repairing textile composites by integrating the biofilms of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria into conventional knitted textiles. The major structural protein component in E. coli biofilm is a matrix of curli fibers, which has demonstrated extraordinary abilities to self-assemble into mechanically strong macroscopic structures and self-heal upon contact with water. We demonstrated the integration of biofilm through three simple, fast, and scalable methods: adsorption, doctor blading, and vacuum filtration. We confirmed that the composites were breathable and mechanically strong after the integration, with improved Young's moduli or elongation at break depending on the fabrication method used. Through patching and welding, we showed that after rehydration, the composites made with all three methods effectively healed centimeter-scale defects. Upon observing that the biofilm strongly attached to the textiles by covering the extruding textile fibers from the self-repair failures, we proposed that the strength of the self-repairs relied on both the biofilm's cohesion and the biofilm-textile adhesion. Considering that curli fibers are genetically-tunable, the fabrication of self-repairing curli-expressing biofilm-textile composites opens new venues for industrially manufacturing affordable, durable, and sustainable functional textiles.
MeSH term(s)	Escherichia coli ; Textiles ; Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Fimbriae, Bacterial
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-38501-2
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Article: Relationships Between the Microbial Composition and the Geochemistry and Mineralogy of the Cobalt-Bearing Legacy Mine Tailings in Northeastern Ontario.

Courchesne, Brittaney / Schindler, Michael / Mykytczuk, Nadia C S

Frontiers in microbiology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 660190

Abstract: ... cycling bacteria (e.g., ...

Abstract	Mine tailings host dynamic biogeochemical processes that can mobilize a range of elements from the host material and release them into the environment through acidic, neutral, or alkaline mine drainage. Here we use a combination of mineralogical, geochemical, and microbiological techniques that provide a better understanding of biogeochemical processes within the surficial layers of neutral cobalt and arsenic-rich tailings material at Cobalt, ON, Canada. Tailings material within 30-cm depth profiles from three tailings sites (sites A, B, and C) were characterized for their mineralogical, chemical and microbial community compositions. The tailings material at all sites contains (sulf)arsenides (safflorite, arsenopyrite), and arsenates (erythrite and annabergite). Site A contained a higher and lower amount of (sulf)arsenides and arsenates than site B, respectively. Contrary to site A and B, site C depicted a distinct zoning with (sulf)arsenides found in the deeper reduced zone, and arsenates occurring in the shallow oxidized zone. Variations in the abundance of Co+As+Sb+Zn (Co#), Fe (Fe#), total S (S#), and average valence of As indicated differences in the mineralogical composition of the tailings material. For example, material with a high Co#, lo Fe# and high average valence of As commonly have a higher proportion of secondary arsenate to primary (sulf)arsenide minerals. Microbial community profiling indicated that the Cobalt tailings are primarily composed of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, and known N, S, Fe, methane, and possible As-cycling bacteria. The tailings from sites B and C had a larger abundance of Fe and S-cycling bacteria (e.g.,
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2021.660190
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Article ; Online: Clinical correlates of diagnostic certainty in children and youths with Autistic Disorder.

Rødgaard, Eya-Mist / Rodríguez-Herreros, Borja / Zeribi, Abderrahim / Jensen, Kristian / Courchesne, Valérie / Douard, Elise / Gagnon, David / Huguet, Guillaume / Jacquemont, Sebastien / Mottron, Laurent

Molecular autism

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 15

Abstract: ... heterogeneous, e.g. in terms of age, IQ, language level, and total ADOS score, which could impede ...

Abstract	Background: Clinicians diagnosing autism rely on diagnostic criteria and instruments in combination with an implicit knowledge based on clinical expertise of the specific signs and presentations associated with the condition. This implicit knowledge influences how diagnostic criteria are interpreted, but it cannot be directly observed. Instead, insight into clinicians' understanding of autism can be gained by investigating their diagnostic certainty. Modest correlations between the certainty of an autism diagnosis and symptom load have been previously reported. Here, we investigated the associations of diagnostic certainty with specific items of the ADOS as well as other clinical features including head circumference. Methods: Phenotypic data from the Simons Simplex Collection was used to investigate clinical correlates of diagnostic certainty in individuals diagnosed with Autistic Disorder (n = 1511, age 4 to 18 years). Participants were stratified by the ADOS module used to evaluate them. We investigated how diagnostic certainty was associated with total ADOS scores, age, and ADOS module. We calculated the odds-ratios of being diagnosed with the highest possible certainty given the presence or absence of different signs during the ADOS evaluation. Associations between diagnostic certainty and other cognitive and clinical variables were also assessed. Results: In each ADOS module, some items showed a larger association with diagnostic certainty than others. Head circumference was significantly higher for individuals with the highest certainty rating across all three ADOS modules. In turn, head circumference was positively correlated with some of the ADOS items that were associated with diagnostic certainty, and was negatively correlated with verbal/nonverbal IQ ratio among those assessed with ADOS module 2. Limitations: The investigated cohort was heterogeneous, e.g. in terms of age, IQ, language level, and total ADOS score, which could impede the identification of associations that only exist in a subgroup of the population. The variability of the certainty ratings in the sample was low, limiting the power to identify potential associations with other variables. Additionally, the scoring of diagnostic certainty may vary between clinicians. Conclusion: Some ADOS items may better capture the signs that are most associated with clinicians' implicit knowledge of Autistic Disorder. If replicated in future studies, new diagnostic instruments with differentiated weighting of signs may be needed to better reflect this, possibly resulting in better specificity in standardized assessments.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Autistic Disorder/diagnosis ; Language ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2540930-X
ISSN	2040-2392 ; 2040-2392
ISSN (online)	2040-2392
ISSN	2040-2392
DOI	10.1186/s13229-024-00592-7
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Article ; Online: Examination of the impact of the

Pham, Christie / Bacon, Elizabeth C / Grzybowski, Andrea / Carter-Barnes, Cynthia / Arias, Steven / Xu, Ronghui / Lopez, Linda / Courchesne, Eric / Pierce, Karen

Autism : the international journal of research and practice

2023 Volume 27, Issue 6, Page(s) 1790–1802

Abstract: Lay abstract: Delays in autism spectrum disorder identification and access to care could impact developmental outcomes. Although trends are encouraging, children from historically underrepresented minority backgrounds are often identified at later ages ... ...

Abstract	Lay abstract: Delays in autism spectrum disorder identification and access to care could impact developmental outcomes. Although trends are encouraging, children from historically underrepresented minority backgrounds are often identified at later ages and have reduced engagement in services. It is unclear if disparities exist all along the screen-evaluation-treatment chain, or if early detection programs such as
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis ; Ethnicity ; Minority Groups ; Pediatricians ; Health Services Accessibility
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1338513-6
ISSN	1461-7005 ; 1362-3613
ISSN (online)	1461-7005
ISSN	1362-3613
DOI	10.1177/13623613221147416
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