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Article: A Systematic Review on the Effect of Strontium-Doped Nanohydroxyapatite in Remineralizing Early Caries Lesion.

Rajendran, Ratheesh / Antony, Delphine P / Paul, Princy / Ashik P, Mohammed / M, Ameena / Hameed, Hana

2023 Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e44176

Abstract: The aim of this study is to review the potential of strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite (SrnHAP) as a biomaterial for remineralizing early carious lesions. Publications from 2012 to 2022 were included based on the patient/population, intervention, ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this study is to review the potential of strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite (SrnHAP) as a biomaterial for remineralizing early carious lesions. Publications from 2012 to 2022 were included based on the patient/population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes (PICO) framework, focusing on demineralized enamel treated with strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite compared to other remineralizing agents, with the primary outcome being remineralization capacity. Electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, were explored from March 31, 2023, to April 10, 2023. Only English language studies were included, while certain research types and studies on bovine teeth were excluded. Bias was assessed using the Cochrane methodology. Five studies were synthesized, all using extracted human maxillary premolars. Four studies focused on remineralizing enamel, while one study focused on remineralizing dentin. Among these studies, comparisons were made between different strontium concentrations and various remineralizing agents such as nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP), Acclaim, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and NovaMin. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to examine hydroxyapatite formation, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for characterization. Additionally, one study evaluated the mechanical properties of partially demineralized dentin specimens. This study was registered in the PROSPERO under the ID CRD42023397413 and completed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.44176
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Article ; Online: Alpha-synuclein pathology is associated with astrocyte senescence in a midbrain organoid model of familial Parkinson's disease.

Muwanigwa, Mudiwa N / Modamio-Chamarro, Jennifer / Antony, Paul M A / Gomez-Giro, Gemma / Krüger, Rejko / Bolognin, Silvia / Schwamborn, Jens C

Molecular and cellular neurosciences

2024 Volume 128, Page(s) 103919

Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta in the midbrain. Despite extensive research efforts, the molecular and cellular changes ... ...

Abstract	Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta in the midbrain. Despite extensive research efforts, the molecular and cellular changes that precede neurodegeneration in PD are poorly understood. To address this, here we describe the use of patient specific human midbrain organoids harboring the SNCA triplication to investigate mechanisms underlying dopaminergic degeneration. Our midbrain organoid model recapitulates key pathological hallmarks of PD, including the aggregation of α-synuclein and the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. We found that these pathological hallmarks are associated with an increase in senescence associated cellular phenotypes in astrocytes including nuclear lamina defects, the presence of senescence associated heterochromatin foci, and the upregulation of cell cycle arrest genes. These results suggest a role of pathological α-synuclein in inducing astrosenescence which may, in turn, increase the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to degeneration.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Parkinson Disease/metabolism ; alpha-Synuclein/genetics ; alpha-Synuclein/metabolism ; Astrocytes/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Mesencephalon/metabolism ; Mesencephalon/pathology ; Dopaminergic Neurons/metabolism ; Organoids/metabolism ; Organoids/pathology ; Substantia Nigra/metabolism
Chemical Substances	alpha-Synuclein
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1046640-x
ISSN	1095-9327 ; 1044-7431
ISSN (online)	1095-9327
ISSN	1044-7431
DOI	10.1016/j.mcn.2024.103919
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Article ; Online: Design and synthesis of quinazolin-4-one derivatives as potential anticancer agents and investigation of their interaction with RecQ helicases.

Haggag, Hanan S / Aboukhatwa, Shaimaa M / Nafie, Mohamed S / Paul, Anju / Sharafeldin, Nabaweya / Oliver, Antony W / El-Hamamsy, Mervat H

Bioorganic chemistry

2024 Volume 144, Page(s) 107086

Abstract: ... Compound 11g induced apoptosis in both HCT-116 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, but also caused an G2/M phase ...

Abstract	The upregulation of RecQ helicases has been associated with cancer cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy, making them appealing targets for therapeutic intervention. In this study, twenty-nine novel quinazolinone derivatives were designed and synthesized. The anti-proliferative activity of all compounds was evaluated against 60 cancer cell lines at the National Cancer Institute Developmental Therapeutic Program, with six compounds (11f, 11g, 11k, 11n, 11p, and 11q) being promoted to a five-dose screen. Compound 11g demonstrated high cytotoxic activity against all examined cell lines. The compounds were further assayed for Bloom syndrome (BLM) helicase inhibition, where 11g, 11q, and 11u showed moderate activity. These compounds were counter-screened against WRN and RECQ1 helicases, where 11g moderately inhibited both enzymes. An ATP competition assay confirmed that the compounds bound to the ATP site of RecQ helicases, and molecular docking simulations were used to study the binding mode within the active site of BLM, WRN, and RECQ1 helicases. Compound 11g induced apoptosis in both HCT-116 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, but also caused an G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in HCT-116 cells. This data revealed the potential of 11g as a modulator of cell cycle dynamics and supports its interaction with RecQ helicases. In addition, compound 11g displayed non-significant toxicity against FCH normal colon cells at doses up to 100 µM, which confirming its high safety margin and selectivity on cancer cells. Overall, these findings suggest compound 11g as a potential pan RecQ helicase inhibitor with high anticancer potency and a favorable safety margin and selectivity.
MeSH term(s)	Molecular Docking Simulation ; RecQ Helicases/metabolism ; Quinazolinones/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Adenosine Triphosphate
Chemical Substances	4-hydroxyquinazoline (84JOT4EY5X) ; RecQ Helicases (EC 3.6.4.12) ; Quinazolinones ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120080-x
ISSN	1090-2120 ; 0045-2068
ISSN (online)	1090-2120
ISSN	0045-2068
DOI	10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107086
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Article ; Online: The world must rethink plans for ageing oil and gas platforms.

Knights, Antony / Lemasson, Anaëlle / Frost, Matthew / Somerfield, Paul

Nature

2024 Volume 627, Issue 8002, Page(s) 34–37

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	News
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/d41586-024-00645-0
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Article ; Online: Novel pheromone-mediated reproductive behaviour in the stag beetle, Lucanus cervus.

Harvey, Deborah J / Vuts, József / Hooper, Antony / Caulfield, John C / Finch, Paul / Woodcock, Christine M / Gange, Alan C / Chapman, Jason W / Birkett, Michael A / Pickett, John A

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 6037

Abstract: The iconic European stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) is one of the largest terrestrial beetles in Europe. Due to decreasing population numbers, thought to be a consequence of habitat loss, this beetle has become a near-threatened ... ...

Abstract	The iconic European stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) is one of the largest terrestrial beetles in Europe. Due to decreasing population numbers, thought to be a consequence of habitat loss, this beetle has become a near-threatened species across much of Europe, and a reliable monitoring system is required to measure its future population trends. As part of a programme aimed at conserving UK populations, we have investigated the chemical ecology of the beetle, with a view to developing an efficient semiochemical-based monitoring system. Such a scheme will be beneficial not only in the UK but across the European range of the species, where the beetle is of conservation concern. Here, we report on a surprising discovery of a male-produced pheromone, which provokes initial sexual receptivity in females, and which has not been previously identified in the animal kingdom. Furthermore, we assign sex pheromone function to a previously described female-specific compound.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Male ; Female ; Coleoptera ; Pheromones ; Ecosystem ; Endangered Species ; Sex Attractants
Chemical Substances	Pheromones ; Sex Attractants
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-55985-8
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Article ; Online: Metrics matter: Multiple diversity metrics at different spatial scales are needed to understand species diversity in urban environments.

O'Shaughnessy, Kathryn A / Knights, Antony M / Hawkins, Stephen J / Hanley, Mick E / Lunt, Paul / Thompson, Richard C / Firth, Louise B

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 895, Page(s) 164958

Abstract: Worldwide, natural habitats are being replaced by artificial structures due to urbanisation. Planning of such modifications should strive for environmental net gain that benefits biodiversity and ecosystems. Alpha (α) and gamma (γ) diversity are often ... ...

Abstract	Worldwide, natural habitats are being replaced by artificial structures due to urbanisation. Planning of such modifications should strive for environmental net gain that benefits biodiversity and ecosystems. Alpha (α) and gamma (γ) diversity are often used to assess 'impact' but are insensitive metrics. We test several diversity measures across two spatial scales to compare species diversity in natural and artificial habitats. We show γ-diversity indicates equivalency in biodiversity between natural and artificial habitats, but natural habitats support greater taxon (α) and functional richness. Within-site β-diversity was also greater in natural habitats, but among-site β-diversity was greater in artificial habitats, contradicting the commonly held view that urban ecosystems are more biologically homogenous than natural ecosystems. This study suggests artificial habitats may in fact provide novel habitat for biodiversity, challenges the applicability of the urban homogenisation concept and highlights a significant limitation of using just α-diversity (i.e., multiple metrics are needed and recommended) for assessing environmental net gain and attaining biodiversity conservation goals.
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Benchmarking ; Biodiversity ; Urbanization
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164958
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Article ; Online: The emergence of highly resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae CC14 clone in a tertiary hospital over 8 years.

Hala, Sharif / Malaikah, Mohammed / Huang, Jiayi / Bahitham, Wesam / Fallatah, Omniya / Zakri, Samer / Antony, Chakkiath Paul / Alshehri, Mohammed / Ghazzali, Raeece Naeem / Ben-Rached, Fathia / Alsahafi, Abdullah / Alsaedi, Asim / AlAhmadi, Ghadeer / Kaaki, Mai / Alazmi, Meshari / AlhajHussein, Baraa / Yaseen, Muhammad / Zowawi, Hosam M / Alghoribi, Majed F /

Althaqafi, Abdulhakeem O / Al-Amri, Abdulfattah / Moradigaravand, Danesh / Pain, Arnab

Genome medicine

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 58

Abstract: Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major bacterial and opportunistic human pathogen, increasingly recognized as a healthcare burden globally. The convergence of resistance and virulence in K. pneumoniae strains has led to the formation of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major bacterial and opportunistic human pathogen, increasingly recognized as a healthcare burden globally. The convergence of resistance and virulence in K. pneumoniae strains has led to the formation of hypervirulent and multidrug-resistant strains with dual risk, limiting treatment options. K. pneumoniae clones are known to emerge locally and spread globally. Therefore, an understanding of the dynamics and evolution of the emerging strains in hospitals is warranted to prevent future outbreaks. Methods: In this study, we conducted an in-depth genomic analysis on a large-scale collection of 328 multidrug-resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae strains recovered from 239 patients from a single major hospital in the western coastal city of Jeddah in Saudi Arabia from 2014 through 2022. We employed a broad range of phylogenetic and phylodynamic methods to understand the evolution of the predominant clones on epidemiological time scales, virulence and resistance determinants, and their dynamics. We also integrated the genomic data with detailed electronic health record (EHR) data for the patients to understand the clinical implications of the resistance and virulence of different strains. Results: We discovered a diverse population underlying the infections, with most strains belonging to Clonal Complex 14 (CC14) exhibiting dominance. Specifically, we observed the emergence and continuous expansion of strains belonging to the dominant ST2096 in the CC14 clade across hospital wards in recent years. These strains acquired resistance mutations against colistin and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes, namely bla Conclusions: Overall, these results demonstrate the clinical significance of ST2096 clones and illustrate the rapid evolution of an emerging hypervirulent and MDR K. pneumoniae in a clinical setting.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Klebsiella/genetics ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Phylogeny ; Plasmids/genetics ; beta-Lactamases/genetics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Chemical Substances	beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2484394-5
ISSN	1756-994X ; 1756-994X
ISSN (online)	1756-994X
ISSN	1756-994X
DOI	10.1186/s13073-024-01332-5
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Article ; Online: Concomitant, consecutive, self-obtained facemask and swab samples from exhaled breath, pox lesions, nasopharynx and the face in patients recovering from mpox - A longitudinal sampling study.

Pan, Daniel / Atkinson, Barry / Decker, Jonathan / Williams, Caroline M / Nazareth, Joshua / Martin, Christopher A / Bird, Paul / Fahad, Muhammad / Nicholls, Ian / Spencer, Antony / Onianwa, Okechukwu / Vogt, Alexander / Sahota, Amandip / Tang, Julian W / Stephenson, Iain / Bennett, Allan M / Pareek, Manish / Barer, Michael R

The Journal of infection

2023 Volume 87, Issue 5, Page(s) 459–461

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Masks ; Mpox (monkeypox) ; Sampling Studies ; Respiratory System ; Nasopharynx ; Breath Tests ; Exhalation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	424417-5
ISSN	1532-2742 ; 0163-4453
ISSN (online)	1532-2742
ISSN	0163-4453
DOI	10.1016/j.jinf.2023.05.007
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Article ; Online: Large anatomical changes in head-and-neck cancers - A dosimetric comparison of online and offline adaptive proton therapy.

Bobić, Mislav / Lalonde, Arthur / Nesteruk, Konrad P / Lee, Hoyeon / Nenoff, Lena / Gorissen, Bram L / Bertolet, Alejandro / Busse, Paul M / Chan, Annie W / Winey, Brian A / Sharp, Gregory C / Verburg, Joost M / Lomax, Antony J / Paganetti, Harald

Clinical and translational radiation oncology

2023 Volume 40, Page(s) 100625

Abstract: Purpose: This work evaluates an online adaptive (OA) workflow for head-and-neck (H&N) intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and compares it with full offline replanning (FOR) in patients with large anatomical changes.: Methods: IMPT treatment ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: This work evaluates an online adaptive (OA) workflow for head-and-neck (H&N) intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and compares it with full offline replanning (FOR) in patients with large anatomical changes. Methods: IMPT treatment plans are created retrospectively for a cohort of eight H&N cancer patients that previously required replanning during the course of treatment due to large anatomical changes. Daily cone-beam CTs (CBCT) are acquired and corrected for scatter, resulting in 253 analyzed fractions. To simulate the FOR workflow, nominal plans are created on the planning-CT and delivered until a repeated-CT is acquired; at this point, a new plan is created on the repeated-CT. To simulate the OA workflow, nominal plans are created on the planning-CT and adapted at each fraction using a simple beamlet weight-tuning technique. Dose distributions are calculated on the CBCTs with Monte Carlo for both delivery methods. The total treatment dose is accumulated on the planning-CT. Results: Daily OA improved target coverage compared to FOR despite using smaller target margins. In the high-risk CTV, the median D Conclusion: Daily OA can maintain prescription doses and constraints over the course of fractionated treatment, even in cases of large anatomical changes, reducing the necessity for manual replanning in H&N IMPT.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2405-6308
ISSN (online)	2405-6308
DOI	10.1016/j.ctro.2023.100625
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Article ; Online: Material type influences the abundance but not richness of colonising organisms on marine structures.

Dodds, Kate C / Schaefer, Nina / Bishop, Melanie J / Nakagawa, Shinichi / Brooks, Paul R / Knights, Antony M / Strain, Elisabeth M A

Journal of environmental management

2022 Volume 307, Page(s) 114549

Abstract: Urbanisation of coastal areas and growth in the blue economy drive the proliferation of artificial structures in marine environments. These structures support distinct ecological communities compared to natural hard substrates, potentially reflecting ... ...

Abstract	Urbanisation of coastal areas and growth in the blue economy drive the proliferation of artificial structures in marine environments. These structures support distinct ecological communities compared to natural hard substrates, potentially reflecting differences in the materials from which they are constructed. We undertook a meta-analysis of 46 studies to compare the effects of different material types (natural or eco-friendly vs. artificial) on the colonising biota on built structures. Neither the abundance nor richness of colonists displayed consistent patterns of difference between artificial and natural substrates or between eco-friendly and standard concrete. Instead, there were differences in the abundance of organisms (but not richness) between artificial and natural materials, that varied according to material type and by functional group. When compared to biogenic materials and rock, polymer and metal supported significantly lower abundances of total benthic species (in studies assessing sessile and mobile species together), sessile invertebrates and corals (in studies assessing these groups individually). In contrast, non-indigenous species were significantly more abundant on wood than metal. Concrete supported greater abundances of the general community, including habitat-forming species, compared to wood. Our results suggest that the ecological requirements of the biological community, alongside economic, logistic and engineering factors should be considered in material selection for multifunctional marine structures that deliver both engineering and ecological (enhanced abundance and diversity) benefits.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biodiversity ; Biota ; Ecosystem ; Invertebrates ; Urbanization
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114549
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