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Article: Potential for cooling load reduction in residential buildings using cool roofs in the harsh climate of Saudi Arabia

Algarni, Salem

Energy & environment. 2019 Mar., v. 30, no. 2

2019

Abstract: To raise awareness of the potential of passive technologies, this paper addresses the major problem of maintaining the comfort of the built environment in the harsh climate of Saudi Arabia by estimating the potential reduction in residential building ... ...

Abstract	To raise awareness of the potential of passive technologies, this paper addresses the major problem of maintaining the comfort of the built environment in the harsh climate of Saudi Arabia by estimating the potential reduction in residential building energy consumption resulting from the use of highly reflective “cool roof” details. To conduct this estimate, the impacts of cool roof installation on the cooling and heating loads of residential buildings in 13 major selected sites in Saudi Arabia are estimated. It is found that the use of a cool roof reduces the annual energy consumption required for building cooling by between 110.3 and 181.9 kWh/m2, while the maximum increase in annual energy consumption due to winter heating of cool roof equipped buildings in hot-dry climates is only 4.4 kWh/m2. The results show that installing a cool roof in place of a typical or dirty roof yields a reduction in peak roof conduction. This investigation concludes that the use of the passive cool roof technology is an effective method for improving the thermal performance of a roof and thus reducing building energy consumption in the harsh climate of Saudi Arabia and similar extreme climates.
Keywords	buildings ; climate ; cooling ; energy ; heat ; residential housing ; winter ; Saudi Arabia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-03
Size	p. 235-253.
Publishing place	SAGE Publications
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1033480-4
ISSN	2048-4070 ; 0958-305X
ISSN (online)	2048-4070
ISSN	0958-305X
DOI	10.1177/0958305X18787340
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Advances in Nanoparticle-Enhanced Thermoelectric Materials from Synthesis to Energy Harvesting: A Review.

Hussain, Wajid / Algarni, Salem / Rasool, Ghulam / Shahzad, Hasan / Abbas, Mujahid / Alqahtani, Talal / Irshad, Kashif

ACS omega

2024 Volume 9, Issue 10, Page(s) 11081–11109

Abstract: This comprehensive review analysis examines the domain of composite thermoelectric materials that integrate nanoparticles, providing a critical assessment of their methods for improving thermoelectric properties and the procedures used for their ... ...

Abstract	This comprehensive review analysis examines the domain of composite thermoelectric materials that integrate nanoparticles, providing a critical assessment of their methods for improving thermoelectric properties and the procedures used for their fabrication. This study examines several approaches to enhance power factor and lattice thermal conductivity, emphasizing the influence of secondary phases and structural alterations. This study investigates the impact of synthesis methods on the electrical characteristics of materials, with a particular focus on novel techniques such as electrodeposition onto carbon nanotubes. The acquired insights provide useful guidance for the creation of new thermoelectric materials. The review also compares and contrasts organic and inorganic thermoelectric materials, with a particular focus on the potential of inorganic materials in the context of waste heat recovery and power production within industries. This analysis highlights the role of inorganic materials in improving energy efficiency and promoting environmental sustainability.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2470-1343
ISSN (online)	2470-1343
DOI	10.1021/acsomega.3c07758
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Assessment of Medical Students' Knowledge of Ocular First Aid During Trauma: A Cross-Sectional Study From King Abdulaziz University.

Idrees, Lujain / Wahby Salem, Iman / Jastanyah, Ahella / Algarni, Abeer / Alsheikh, Razan / Alyami, Abeer A / Alturkistani, Leenah / Alnefaie, Roaa / Hijji, Sumiah

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e51843

Abstract: Background Ocular trauma is defined as an eye injury of diverse types and subtypes, all of which can threaten vision. Hence, a precise first-aid approach is crucial to salvage the eyes and prevent blindness. Therefore, this study was designed to assess ... ...

Abstract	Background Ocular trauma is defined as an eye injury of diverse types and subtypes, all of which can threaten vision. Hence, a precise first-aid approach is crucial to salvage the eyes and prevent blindness. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the level of knowledge among medical students at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) and identify factors that affect knowledge regarding ocular first aid in cases of trauma. Methodology A cross-sectional approach was used, targeting KAU medical students. First, students were asked to voluntarily respond to a previously used questionnaire that contained demographic data, including gender, marital status, socioeconomic status, academic year, and city of residence, followed by a history of ocular trauma. Then, questions were asked to assess their knowledge regarding different types of ocular trauma and proper first aid. Results A total of 310 participants responded to the questionnaire. Participants included both sexes, with 169 (50.8%) being males. Only 89 (26.7%) participants had a history of managing ocular injury. Knowledge levels were divided into good 76 (27%) and poor 201 (73%). Third-year students had the highest percentage of poor knowledge, whereas sixth-year students had the highest level of knowledge. The source of knowledge was mainly from studies. Conclusions The ocular first-aid knowledge level was predominantly poor, accounting for 201 (73%) of all responses. Thus, steps to enhance knowledge should be taken.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.51843
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Assessment of fog collection as a sustainable water resource in the southwest of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Algarni, Salem

Water and environment journal. 2018 May, v. 32, no. 2

2018

Abstract: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is an arid dessert with less than 100 mm yearly rainfall in addition to a high‐water consumption per capita. The collection of fog water is a simple and sustainable technology and may offer a supplementary water supply. ... ...

Abstract	The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is an arid dessert with less than 100 mm yearly rainfall in addition to a high‐water consumption per capita. The collection of fog water is a simple and sustainable technology and may offer a supplementary water supply. Data were collected for a whole year from the Rayda reserve weather station, and two standard fog collectors (SFCs) were installed near the weather station. The results indicated that the average water collected by the local mesh was 6.7 L/m2/day, compared with 5.5 L/m2/day collected by the imported mesh. The highest quantity of water was collected in March by the local mesh, at 22 L/m2/day. The effectiveness of the fog collection was calculated and compared with the international standards. The obtained results indicate that fog can be utilized as a supplementary water source for the agriculture sector in the southwest KSA.
Keywords	collectors ; rain ; sustainable technology ; water harvesting ; water supply ; Saudi Arabia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-05
Size	p. 301-309.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2187969-2
ISSN	0951-7359 ; 1747-6585
ISSN	0951-7359 ; 1747-6585
DOI	10.1111/wej.12330
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Parametric Optimization of a Truncated Conical Metal Hydride Bed Surrounded by a Ring of PCM for Heat Recovery.

Mellouli, Sofiene / Bouzgarrou, Fatma / Alqahtani, Talal / Algarni, Salem / Ghachem, Kaouther / Kolsi, Lioua

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 16, Issue 8

Abstract: Metal hydride (MH) hydrogen storage needs an external heat source to release the stored hydrogen. To enhance the thermal performance of MHs, the incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) is a way to preserve reaction heat. This work proposes a new MH- ...

Abstract	Metal hydride (MH) hydrogen storage needs an external heat source to release the stored hydrogen. To enhance the thermal performance of MHs, the incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) is a way to preserve reaction heat. This work proposes a new MH-PCM compact disk configuration (i.e., a truncated conical MH bed surrounded by a PCM ring). An optimization method is developed to find the optimal geometrical parameters of the MH truncated cone, which is then compared to a basic configuration (i.e., a cylindrical MH surrounded by a PCM ring). Moreover, a mathematical model is developed and used to optimize the heat transfer in a stack of MH-PCM disks. The optimum geometric parameters found (bottom radius of 0.2, top radius of 0.75 and tilt angle of 58.24) allow the truncated conical MH bed to reach a faster heat transfer rate and a large surface area of higher heat exchange. Compared to a cylindrical configuration, the optimized truncated cone shape enhances the heat transfer rate and the reaction rate in the MH bed by 37.68%.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma16083234
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: An Experimental Comparison of the Performance of Various Evacuated Tube Solar Collector Designs

Sana Said / Sofiene Mellouli / Talal Alqahtani / Salem Algarni / Ridha Ajjel / Kaouther Ghachem / Lioua Kolsi

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 5533, p

2023 Volume 5533

Abstract: An experimental study was carried out to assess the thermal performance of a few evacuated tube solar collectors (ETSCs) for water heating. The thermal performance of two kinds of ETSC (heat pipe ETSC and direct-flow ETSC) was investigated using an ... ...

Abstract	An experimental study was carried out to assess the thermal performance of a few evacuated tube solar collectors (ETSCs) for water heating. The thermal performance of two kinds of ETSC (heat pipe ETSC and direct-flow ETSC) was investigated using an indoor experimental apparatus in lab testing conditions with a solar simulator. Several experimental tests were carried out for the heat pipe ETSC system under different operating conditions, such as the solar intensity (300, 500, and 1000 W/m 2 ) and the tilt angle (0°, 30° and 90°) of the ETSC and the water flow rate (0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 LPM). Moreover, four configurations of direct-flow ETSC (U tube, double U tubes, coaxial tubes, and helical tube) were examined and compared to the conventional heat pipe ETSC. The results of the experiment proved that the ETSC system presents a great performance at higher solar irradiance and lower water flow rates, and the experiments indicated that with a 30° tilt angle, the ETSC reaches the maximum thermal efficiency of 36%. Furthermore, compared to the conventional heat pipe ETSC and the other proposed configurations of direct-flow ETSCs, the helical tube-based ETSC has a better thermal efficiency, 69%, and can be considered a greater potential heat exchanger that can be integrated in ETSCs. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time this helical tube type been integrated into the ETSC and tested under these conditions.
Keywords	evacuated tube collector ; heat pipe ; coaxial tubes ; U tube ; helical tube ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Thermo-Optical Characterization of Therminol55 Based MXene-Al

Das, Likhan / Habib, Khairul / Irshad, Kashif / Saidur, Rahman / Algarni, Salem / Alqahtani, Talal

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 12, Issue 11

Abstract: The current research focuses on formulating a new class of Therminol55-based nanofluids that incorporates an MXene/ ... ...

Abstract	The current research focuses on formulating a new class of Therminol55-based nanofluids that incorporates an MXene/Al
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662255-5
ISSN	2079-4991
ISSN	2079-4991
DOI	10.3390/nano12111862
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Article ; Online: A TLBO-Tuned Neural Processor for Predicting Heating Load in Residential Buildings

Khalid Almutairi / Salem Algarni / Talal Alqahtani / Hossein Moayedi / Amir Mosavi

Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 5924, p

2022 Volume 5924

Abstract: Recent studies have witnessed remarkable merits of metaheuristic algorithms in optimization problems. Due to the significance of the early analysis of the thermal load in energy-efficient buildings, this work introduces and compares four novel optimizer ... ...

Abstract	Recent studies have witnessed remarkable merits of metaheuristic algorithms in optimization problems. Due to the significance of the early analysis of the thermal load in energy-efficient buildings, this work introduces and compares four novel optimizer techniques—the firefly algorithm (FA), optics-inspired optimization (OIO), shuffled complex evolution (SCE), and teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO)—for an accurate prediction of the heating load (HL). The models are applied to a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network to surmount its computational shortcomings. The models are fed by a literature-based dataset obtained for residential buildings. The results revealed that all models used are capable of properly analyzing and predicting the HL pattern. A comparison between them, however, showed that the TLBO-MLP with the coefficients of determination 0.9610 vs. 0.9438, 0.9373, and 0.9556 (respectively, for FA-MLP, OIO-MLP, and SCE-MLP) and the root mean square error of 2.1103 vs. 2.5456, 2.7099, and 2.2774 presents the most reliable approximation of the HL. It also surpassed several methods used in previous studies. Thus, the developed TLBO-MLP can be a beneficial model for subsequent practical applications.
Keywords	HVAC ; heating load ; artificial intelligence ; metaheuristic algorithms ; big data ; machine learning ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Particulate matter concentration and health risk assessment for a residential building during COVID-19 pandemic in Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Algarni, Salem / Khan, Roohul Abad / Khan, Nadeem Ahmad / Mubarak, Nabisab Mujawar

Environmental science and pollution research international

2021 Volume 28, Issue 46, Page(s) 65822–65831

Abstract: Building and its environment are in focus owing to health impact attributed to indoor air quality. This study was carried out to assess indoor air quality in terms of particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide in a residential building, during COVD-19 ... ...

Abstract	Building and its environment are in focus owing to health impact attributed to indoor air quality. This study was carried out to assess indoor air quality in terms of particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide in a residential building, during COVD-19 pandemic lockdown from March 25 to April 23, 2020, Abha, Saudi Arabia. The PM concentration range for kitchen, bedroom, and hall were 40,000-81000 μg/m
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Particle Size ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Risk Assessment ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Saudi Arabia
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-021-15534-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The coastal fog and ecological balance for plants in the Jizan region, Saudi Arabia.

Valjarević, Aleksandar / Algarni, Salem / Morar, Cezar / Grama, Vasile / Stupariu, Marius / Tiba, Alexandru / Lukić, Tin

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2022 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 103494

Abstract: Fog water collection provides a sustainable resource for watering of crops. The Jizan region is one of the smallest states in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) but very rich with unique flora, fauna, landscape diversity, and occurrence of fog. According ... ...

Abstract	Fog water collection provides a sustainable resource for watering of crops. The Jizan region is one of the smallest states in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) but very rich with unique flora, fauna, landscape diversity, and occurrence of fog. According to satellite data from the period between (1991-2021) the average visibility in this fog belt varied between 5 m and 100 m. Specific relief properties, such as elevation contrast, present rare space for flora preservation and sustainable fog utilization and use in the watering of crops. Some results showed that number of foggy days is not equal and can be divided in three big cycles. It was estimated that 8 × 1013 L, or 80 m
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-12
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103494
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