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  1. Article ; Online: Pathogenesis of COVID-19-induced ARDS: implications for an ageing population.

    Torres Acosta, Manuel A / Singer, Benjamin D

    The European respiratory journal

    2020  Volume 56, Issue 3

    Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has elicited a swift response by the scientific community to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced lung injury and develop effective ... ...

    Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has elicited a swift response by the scientific community to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced lung injury and develop effective therapeutics. Clinical data indicate that severe COVID-19 most commonly manifests as viral pneumonia-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a clinical entity mechanistically understood best in the context of influenza A virus-induced pneumonia. Similar to influenza, advanced age has emerged as the leading host risk factor for developing severe COVID-19. In this review we connect the current understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle and host response to the clinical presentation of COVID-19, borrowing concepts from influenza A virus-induced ARDS pathogenesis and discussing how these ideas inform our evolving understanding of COVID-19-induced ARDS. We also consider important differences between COVID-19 and influenza, mainly the protean clinical presentation and associated lymphopenia of COVID-19, the contrasting role of interferon-γ in mediating the host immune response to these viruses, and the tropism for vascular endothelial cells of SARS-CoV-2, commenting on the potential limitations of influenza as a model for COVID-19. Finally, we explore hallmarks of ageing that could explain the association between advanced age and susceptibility to severe COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/physiology ; Betacoronavirus/physiology ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Disease Susceptibility ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Virus Replication
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639359-7
    ISSN 1399-3003 ; 0903-1936
    ISSN (online) 1399-3003
    ISSN 0903-1936
    DOI 10.1183/13993003.02049-2020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The impact of underrepresented minority or marginalized identity status on training outcomes of MD-PhD students.

    Torres Acosta, Manuel A / Chandra, Sidhanth / Li, Sophia / Yoon, Esther / Selgrade, Daniel / Quinn, Jeanne / Ardehali, Hossein

    BMC medical education

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 428

    Abstract: Dual-degree MD-PhD programs have historically lacked diversity of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and other facets of identity. Like MD- and PhD-granting programs, MD-PhD program training environments are also marked by structural barriers ... ...

    Abstract Dual-degree MD-PhD programs have historically lacked diversity of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and other facets of identity. Like MD- and PhD-granting programs, MD-PhD program training environments are also marked by structural barriers that negatively impact measurable academic outcomes of underrepresented and/or marginalized students in academic medicine (racial and ethnic minority groups considered underrepresented by the National Institute of Health, sexual and gender minorities, individuals with disabilities, and individuals of low socioeconomic status). In this article, we review the existing literature on MD-PhD program disparities affecting students from these groups and provide recommendations grounded on the reviewed evidence. Our literature review identified four generalizable barriers that can impact the training outcomes of students from these marginalized and/or underrepresented groups: 1) discrimination and bias, 2) impostor syndrome and stereotype threat, 3) lack of identity-similar mentors, and 4) suboptimal institutional policies and procedures. We propose goal-oriented interventions that may begin to ameliorate the disparities present in MD-PhD program training environments that affect students from marginalized and/or underrepresented groups in academic medicine.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Ethnicity ; Minority Groups ; Students ; Medicine ; Mentors ; Biomedical Research/education
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2044473-4
    ISSN 1472-6920 ; 1472-6920
    ISSN (online) 1472-6920
    ISSN 1472-6920
    DOI 10.1186/s12909-023-04399-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The impact of underrepresented minority or marginalized identity status on training outcomes of MD-PhD students

    Manuel A. Torres Acosta / Sidhanth Chandra / Sophia Li / Esther Yoon / Daniel Selgrade / Jeanne Quinn / Hossein Ardehali

    BMC Medical Education, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Dual-degree MD-PhD programs have historically lacked diversity of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and other facets of identity. Like MD- and PhD-granting programs, MD-PhD program training environments are also marked by structural ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Dual-degree MD-PhD programs have historically lacked diversity of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and other facets of identity. Like MD- and PhD-granting programs, MD-PhD program training environments are also marked by structural barriers that negatively impact measurable academic outcomes of underrepresented and/or marginalized students in academic medicine (racial and ethnic minority groups considered underrepresented by the National Institute of Health, sexual and gender minorities, individuals with disabilities, and individuals of low socioeconomic status). In this article, we review the existing literature on MD-PhD program disparities affecting students from these groups and provide recommendations grounded on the reviewed evidence. Our literature review identified four generalizable barriers that can impact the training outcomes of students from these marginalized and/or underrepresented groups: 1) discrimination and bias, 2) impostor syndrome and stereotype threat, 3) lack of identity-similar mentors, and 4) suboptimal institutional policies and procedures. We propose goal-oriented interventions that may begin to ameliorate the disparities present in MD-PhD program training environments that affect students from marginalized and/or underrepresented groups in academic medicine.
    Keywords Dual-degree training ; MD-PhD ; Physician scientist training ; Diversity and inclusion ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Peritoneal Dialysis during the COVID-19 Pandemic Is an Effective Treatment in Developing Countries: A Report from Mexico.

    Villa-Torres, Alberto / Vásquez-Jiménez, Enzo / Velazquez-Silva, Ricardo Iván / Herrera-Arellano, Leticia / Acosta-García, Nayeli / Aleman-Quimbiulco, Dolores / Duarte-Pérez, Ricardo / Carmona Bautista, Carlos A / Rodríguez-Chagolla, José Manuel

    Blood purification

    2023  Volume 52, Issue 11-12, Page(s) 898–904

    Abstract: Introduction: During the height of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, some renal replacement therapy (RRT) modalities were insufficient, forcing medical centers to diversify the RRT modalities offered. In this study, we reported the ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: During the height of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, some renal replacement therapy (RRT) modalities were insufficient, forcing medical centers to diversify the RRT modalities offered. In this study, we reported the outcomes of chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and acute PD in critically ill patients during COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care medical center in Mexico.
    Methods: This descriptive, longitudinal, observational, retrospective study included 47 adult patients with atypical pneumonia in a tertiary care medical center in Mexico during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Chronic PD patients and PD incident patients due to acute kidney injury (AKI) were included.
    Results: Forty-seven patients were studied (29 chronic PD patients and 18 incident PD patients due to AKI); median age was 59 (48-68) years; 63.8% were men. The ultrafiltrate volume per day was 815 (596.1-1,193.2) mL. Overall mortality was 61.7%, 55.2% in chronic PD patients, and 72.2% in PD incident patients due to AKI. A higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, the need for mechanical ventilation at admission, and the requirement for vasopressors were predictors for mortality (p < 0.01).
    Conclusion: In low- and lower-middle-income countries, PD was a valid alternative for RRT during the COVID-19 pandemic. In AKI patients, PD can correct hyperkalemia, acidosis, uremia, and volume overload; however, there was higher mortality in PD incident patients due to AKI. The main risk factors for mortality were a high SOFA score at admission, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, and the requirement for vasopressors.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Adult ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Female ; COVID-19/therapy ; COVID-19/complications ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; Mexico/epidemiology ; Developing Countries ; Intensive Care Units ; Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects ; Renal Replacement Therapy/adverse effects ; Acute Kidney Injury/etiology ; Acute Kidney Injury/therapy ; Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605548-5
    ISSN 1421-9735 ; 0253-5068
    ISSN (online) 1421-9735
    ISSN 0253-5068
    DOI 10.1159/000534198
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: AMP-activated protein kinase is necessary for Treg cell functional adaptation to microenvironmental stress.

    Torres Acosta, Manuel A / Mambetsariev, Nurbek / Reyes Flores, Carla P / Helmin, Kathryn A / Liu, Qianli / Joudi, Anthony M / Morales-Nebreda, Luisa / Gurkan, Jonathan / Cheng, Kathleen / Abdala-Valencia, Hiam / Weinberg, Samuel E / Singer, Benjamin D

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells maintain self-tolerance, suppress the immune response to cancer, and protect against tissue injury in the lung and other organs. Treg cells require mitochondrial metabolism to exert their function, but how Treg cells ... ...

    Abstract CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells maintain self-tolerance, suppress the immune response to cancer, and protect against tissue injury in the lung and other organs. Treg cells require mitochondrial metabolism to exert their function, but how Treg cells adapt their metabolic programs to sustain and optimize their function during an immune response occurring in a metabolically stressed microenvironment remains unclear. Here, we tested whether Treg cells require the energy homeostasis-maintaining enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to adapt to metabolically aberrant microenvironments caused by malignancy or lung injury, finding that AMPK is dispensable for Treg cell immune-homeostatic function but is necessary for full Treg cell function in B16 melanoma tumors and during acute lung injury caused by influenza virus pneumonia. AMPK-deficient Treg cells had lower mitochondrial mass and exhibited an impaired ability to maximize aerobic respiration. Mechanistically, we found that AMPK regulates DNA methyltransferase 1 to promote transcriptional programs associated with mitochondrial function in the tumor microenvironment. In the lung during viral pneumonia, we found that AMPK sustains metabolic homeostasis and mitochondrial activity. Induction of DNA hypomethylation was sufficient to rescue mitochondrial mass in AMPK-deficient Treg cells, linking DNA methylation with AMPK function and mitochondrial metabolism. These results define AMPK as a determinant of Treg cell adaptation to metabolic stress and offer potential therapeutic targets in cancer and tissue injury.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.11.29.568904
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Mediator complex subunit 1 architects a tumorigenic Treg cell program independent of inflammation.

    Chaudhuri, Shuvam M / Weinberg, Samuel E / Wang, Dongmei / Yalom, Lenore K / Montauti, Elena / Iyer, Radhika / Tang, Amy Y / Torres Acosta, Manuel A / Shen, Jian / Mani, Nikita L / Wang, Shengnan / Liu, Kun / Lu, Weiyuan / Bui, Triet M / Manzanares, Laura D / Dehghani, Zeinab / Wai, Ching Man / Gao, Beixue / Wei, Juncheng /
    Yue, Feng / Cui, Weiguo / Singer, Benjamin D / Sumagin, Ronen / Zhang, Yana / Fang, Deyu

    Cell reports. Medicine

    2024  Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) 101441

    Abstract: While immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, its safety has been hampered by immunotherapy-related adverse events. Unexpectedly, we show that Mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1) is required for T regulatory ( ... ...

    Abstract While immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, its safety has been hampered by immunotherapy-related adverse events. Unexpectedly, we show that Mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1) is required for T regulatory (T
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Mediator Complex Subunit 1/metabolism ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Mediator Complex Subunit 1 ; Forkhead Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2666-3791
    ISSN (online) 2666-3791
    DOI 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101441
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Pathogenesis of COVID-19-induced ARDS: implications for an ageing population

    Torres Acosta, Manuel A / Singer, Benjamin D

    Eur. respir. j

    Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has elicited a swift response by the scientific community to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced lung injury and develop effective ... ...

    Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has elicited a swift response by the scientific community to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced lung injury and develop effective therapeutics. Clinical data indicate that severe COVID-19 most commonly manifests as viral pneumonia-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a clinical entity mechanistically understood best in the context of influenza A virus-induced pneumonia. Similar to influenza, advanced age has emerged as the leading host risk factor for developing severe COVID-19. In this review we connect the current understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle and host response to the clinical presentation of COVID-19, borrowing concepts from influenza A virus-induced ARDS pathogenesis and discussing how these ideas inform our evolving understanding of COVID-19-induced ARDS. We also consider important differences between COVID-19 and influenza, mainly the protean clinical presentation and associated lymphopenia of COVID-19, the contrasting role of interferon-γ in mediating the host immune response to these viruses, and the tropism for vascular endothelial cells of SARS-CoV-2, commenting on the potential limitations of influenza as a model for COVID-19. Finally, we explore hallmarks of ageing that could explain the association between advanced age and susceptibility to severe COVID-19.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #694740
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article ; Online: Aging imparts cell-autonomous dysfunction to regulatory T cells during recovery from influenza pneumonia.

    Morales-Nebreda, Luisa / Helmin, Kathryn A / Torres Acosta, Manuel A / Markov, Nikolay S / Hu, Jennifer Yuan-Shih / Joudi, Anthony M / Piseaux-Aillon, Raul / Abdala-Valencia, Hiam / Politanska, Yuliya / Singer, Benjamin D

    JCI insight

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 6

    Abstract: Regulatory T (Treg) cells orchestrate resolution and repair of acute lung inflammation and injury after viral pneumonia. Compared with younger patients, older individuals experience impaired recovery and worse clinical outcomes after severe viral ... ...

    Abstract Regulatory T (Treg) cells orchestrate resolution and repair of acute lung inflammation and injury after viral pneumonia. Compared with younger patients, older individuals experience impaired recovery and worse clinical outcomes after severe viral infections, including influenza and SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Whether age is a key determinant of Treg cell prorepair function after lung injury remains unknown. Here, we showed that aging results in a cell-autonomous impairment of reparative Treg cell function after experimental influenza pneumonia. Transcriptional and DNA methylation profiling of sorted Treg cells provided insight into the mechanisms underlying their age-related dysfunction, with Treg cells from aged mice demonstrating both loss of reparative programs and gain of maladaptive programs. Strategies to restore youthful Treg cell functional programs could be leveraged as therapies to improve outcomes among older individuals with severe viral pneumonia.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Aging/metabolism ; Aging/physiology ; Animals ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/metabolism ; COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/virology ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; Influenza, Human/complications ; Influenza, Human/metabolism ; Influenza, Human/pathology ; Influenza, Human/virology ; Lung/metabolism ; Lung/pathology ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pneumonia, Viral/etiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/metabolism ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology ; Mice
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2379-3708
    ISSN (online) 2379-3708
    DOI 10.1172/jci.insight.141690
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Metastatic solid tumours to the penis: a clinicopathologic evaluation of 109 cases from an international collaboration.

    Nova-Camacho, Luiz M / Collins, Katrina / Trpkov, Kiril / Acosta, Andres M / Sangoi, Ankur R / Akgul, Mahmut / Chou, Angela / Polonia, Antonio / Rodrigues, Ângelo / Yilmaz, Asli / Perez-Montiel, Delia / Maclean, Fiona / Queipo Gutiérrez, Francisco Javier / Contreras, Félix / Wu, Howard H / Alvarado-Cabrero, Isabel / de Torres, Inés / Ruiz, Irune / Lobo, João /
    Prendeville, Susan / Manrique Celada, Manuel / Cheng, Liang / Galea, Laurence A / Hwang, Michael / Aron, Manju / García-Martos, María / Zalles, Nicole / Raspollini, Maria Rosaria / Williamson, Sean R / Ulbright, Thomas M / Panizo, Angel

    Histopathology

    2023  Volume 83, Issue 1, Page(s) 31–39

    Abstract: Aims: To elucidate the spectrum of metastatic tumours to the penis and their clinicopathologic features.: Methods: The databases and files of 22 pathology departments from eight countries on three continents were queried to identify metastatic solid ... ...

    Abstract Aims: To elucidate the spectrum of metastatic tumours to the penis and their clinicopathologic features.
    Methods: The databases and files of 22 pathology departments from eight countries on three continents were queried to identify metastatic solid tumours of the penis and to characterize their clinical and pathologic features.
    Results: We compiled a series of 109 cases of metastatic solid tumours that secondarily involved the penis. The mean patient age at diagnosis was 71 years (range, 7-94 years). Clinical presentation commonly included a penile nodule/mass (48/95; 51%) and localised pain (14/95; 15%). A prior history of malignancy was known in 92/104 (89%) patients. Diagnosis was made mainly on biopsy (82/109; 75%), or penectomy (21/109; 19%) specimens. The most common penile locations were the glans (45/98; 46%) and corpus cavernosum (39/98; 39%). The most frequent histologic type was adenocarcinoma (56%). Most primary carcinomas originated in the genitourinary (76/108; 70%) and gastrointestinal (20/108; 18%) tracts, including prostate (38/108; 35%), urinary bladder (27/108; 25%), and colon/rectum (18/108; 17%). Concurrent or prior extrapenile metastases were identified in 50/78 (64%) patients. Clinical follow-up (mean 22 months, range 0-171 months) was available for 87/109 (80%) patients, of whom 46 (53%) died of disease.
    Conclusion: This is the largest study to date of metastatic solid tumours secondarily involving the penis. The most frequent primaries originated from the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts. Metastatic penile tumours usually presented with penile nodules/masses and pain, and they often occurred in the setting of advanced metastatic disease, portending poor clinical outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Penis/pathology ; Penile Neoplasms/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Biopsy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 131914-0
    ISSN 1365-2559 ; 0309-0167
    ISSN (online) 1365-2559
    ISSN 0309-0167
    DOI 10.1111/his.14927
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression symptoms in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia.

    Guillen-Burgos, Hernan Felipe / Gomez-Ureche, Janitza / Acosta, Nahir / Acevedo-Vergara, Kaleb / Perez-Florez, Manuel / Villalba, Elizabeth / Maloof, Dieb / Dau, Alberto / Salva, Silvia / Mattar, Salvador / Escaf, Jorge / Perez, Abdel / Parra-Saavedra, Miguel / Medina, Patricia / Torres, Jose / Mesino, Cesar / Torrenegra, Riguey / Tapia, Jesus / Salcedo, Soraya /
    Maestre, Ronald / Galvez-Florez, Juan Francisco

    European journal of trauma & dissociation = Revue europeenne du trauma et de la dissociation

    2022  Volume 6, Issue 4, Page(s) 100293

    Abstract: Background: Mental health outcomes in healthcare workers (HCWs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have been poorly explored during COVID-19 pandemic. Our aim was to carry out a cross-sectional study of the prevalence of mental health symptoms ... ...

    Abstract Background: Mental health outcomes in healthcare workers (HCWs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have been poorly explored during COVID-19 pandemic. Our aim was to carry out a cross-sectional study of the prevalence of mental health symptoms in HCWs in Colombia.
    Methods: A cross-sectional web-survey study was performed during the COVID-19 pandemic mid-2021 including HCWs in two hospitals in Colombia. The PCL-5, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 scales were used to assess the prevalence of symptoms and severity of PTSD, anxiety, and depression in Colombia.
    Results: From 257 surveyed respondents, 44.36% were nurses, 36.58% physicians and 19.07% other health professionals. The prevalence of PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were 18.68%, 43.19%, and 26.85%, amongst HCWs. The regression model evidence a strong risk of PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in HCWs in Colombia during the second wave of COVID-19 in the middle of 2021.
    Conclusions: The prevalence for several mental health symptoms in HCWs in Colombia were higher compared with the general population. HCWs are at-risk population to develop chronic symptoms and mental disorders during and after outbreaks. These results will be helpful to tailor strategies to support the physical and mental health of the HCWs in LMICs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-23
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-7499
    ISSN (online) 2468-7499
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejtd.2022.100293
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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