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Article ; Online: Feeding styles and adiposity in children of 6 months- 5 years of age: Protocol for a systematic review and meta- analysis.

Haridas, Divya Nair / Schayck, Onno C P van / Babu, Giridhar R / Nair, N Sreekumaran / Shriyan, Prafulla

2023 Volume 18, Issue 10, Page(s) e0292139

Abstract: ... Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines were followed for ensuring the completeness of the protocol. Case ...

Abstract	Obesity in children is a major public health concern due to the increased risk of developing adverse health outcomes in their future, and disability in adulthood. The existing systematic reviews on the topic are limited in scope, focusing solely on high-income countries and children aged 4-12 years. Hence, we propose to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand, how exposure to authoritative feeding style versus authoritarian, indulgent, uninvolved compare in terms of its association with adiposity in children aged 6 months to 5 years. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines were followed for ensuring the completeness of the protocol. Case-control and cohort studies will be included. Searches will be done using electronic databases viz. PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Grey literature will be searched using OpenGrey and Grey Literature Report. We will only include quantitative studies using the developed search strategy. For categorical outcomes, relative risks, odds ratios, and hazard ratios with confidence intervals and for continuous outcomes mean difference with confidence intervals will be used. Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies- of Exposure (ROBINS-E) will be used for the evaluation of risk of bias in the individual observational studies. Considering the inherent variability in the observational studies, random effects meta-analysis will also be conducted. If between-study heterogeneity exists, a subgroup analysis based on low and middle-income countries vs. high income countries will be conducted. If the data is not suitable for combining quantitatively, a narrative synthesis will be undertaken. We propose to identify publication bias by using contour-enhanced funnel plots and "trim and fill" method. Outcome reporting bias will be ascertained by comparing the outcomes published in the protocol and the published report. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system will be used to understand the confidence we can have on the effect estimates. Registration: This protocol has been registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 13 March 2023 with registration number CRD42023356014.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; Adiposity ; Pediatric Obesity ; Occupational Exposure ; World Health Organization ; Cost of Illness ; Systematic Reviews as Topic ; Meta-Analysis as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0292139
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Article ; Online: Statistical study on shallow water soundscape variability of Eastern Arabian Sea using noise level metrics.

S N X, Elizabeth / Nair, Nimmi R / Raju, R P / Sajeev, R

Environmental monitoring and assessment

2023 Volume 195, Issue 11, Page(s) 1314

Abstract: Underwater soundscape that spans a broad frequency band shows variability consistent with contributing noise sources and ocean environment. However, increased anthropogenic activities result in noise proliferation which can harm natural marine habitat. ... ...

Abstract	Underwater soundscape that spans a broad frequency band shows variability consistent with contributing noise sources and ocean environment. However, increased anthropogenic activities result in noise proliferation which can harm natural marine habitat. Continuous monitoring of background sound is useful to assess such spatio-temporal variability of soundscape. Standard noise level metrics, for instance, mean (μ), 90th percentiles (90P), standard deviation (σ), and kurtosis (β), are constructed from noise field measured from three coastal stations in Eastern Arabian Sea. These metrics are found to be suitable to describe the soundscape variability with respect to season, frequency, and depth. Mean and 90P are used to compare the seasonal variations while kurtosis metrics are exercised to check the impulsive nature of composite signal. Histogram representation and probability density function (PDF) were utilized to analyze the spectral variation in soundscape with respect to season. Analysis was carried out at 500-ms temporal window in two spectral bands corresponding to traffic and wind noise fields. Seasonal analysis shows that in summer, mean noise level decreases as hydrophone depth increases, while in winter, deeper depths have higher mean value with the presence of seasonal surface duct. This implication of sound speed profile on noise field has also been confirmed using appropriate noise model.
MeSH term(s)	Water ; Acoustics ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Sound ; Noise
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-023-11912-4
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Article ; Online: Using timeliness metrics for household contact tracing and TB preventive therapy in the private sector, India.

Thekkur, P / Thiagesan, R / Nair, D / Karunakaran, N / Khogali, M / Zachariah, R / Dar Berger, S / Satyanarayana, S / Kumar, A M V / Bochner, A F / McClelland, A / Ananthakrishnan, R / Harries, A D

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

2024 Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 122–139

Abstract: ... BACKGROUND ... Although screening of household contacts (HHCs) of TB patients and provision of TB preventive therapy (TPT) is a key intervention to end the TB epidemic, their implementation globally is dismal. We assessed whether ... ...

Abstract	<sec id="st1"><title>BACKGROUND</title>Although screening of household contacts (HHCs) of TB patients and provision of TB preventive therapy (TPT) is a key intervention to end the TB epidemic, their implementation globally is dismal. We assessed whether introducing a '7-1-7' timeliness metric was workable for implementing HHC screening among index patients with pulmonary TB diagnosed by private providers in Chennai, India, between November 2022 and March 2023.</sec><sec id="st2"><title>METHODS</title>This was an explanatory mixed-methods study (quantitative-cohort and qualitative-descriptive).</sec><sec id="st3"><title>RESULTS</title>There were 263 index patients with 556 HHCs. In 90% of index patients, HHCs were line-listed within 7 days of anti-TB treatment initiation. Screening outcomes were ascertained in 48% of HHCs within 1 day of line-listing. Start of anti-TB treatment, TPT or a decision to receive neither was achieved in 57% of HHC within 7 days of screening. Overall, 24% of screened HHCs in the '7-1-7' period started TPT compared with 16% in a historical control (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Contact Tracing ; Private Sector ; India/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/prevention & control ; Mass Screening/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1385624-8
ISSN	1815-7920 ; 1027-3719
ISSN (online)	1815-7920
ISSN	1027-3719
DOI	10.5588/ijtld.23.0285
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Article ; Online: Unraveling the prevalence of various signalling pathways in non-small-cell lung cancer: a review.

Nair, Aathira Sujathan / Jayan, Ajay P / Anandu, K R / Saiprabha, V N / Pappachen, Leena K

Molecular and cellular biochemistry

2023 Volume 478, Issue 12, Page(s) 2875–2890

Abstract: Cancer has become a huge public health issue all around the world. The focus of research is on innovative cancer therapy techniques that include the disease's unique targets. Among the cancer-related deaths that occur, lung cancer is considered to be one ...

Abstract	Cancer has become a huge public health issue all around the world. The focus of research is on innovative cancer therapy techniques that include the disease's unique targets. Among the cancer-related deaths that occur, lung cancer is considered to be one of the major, accounting for about 1.6 million fatalities globally in 2012, or nearly 20% of all cancer deaths. Non-small-cell lung cancer, a type of lung cancer comprises upto 84% of lung cancer cases, demonstrating the need for a more effective treatment. A novel category of cancer management, known as targeted cancer medicines, has risen to prominence in recent years. Targeted cancer treatments, like traditional chemotherapy, employ pharmacological drugs to slow cancer development, enhance cell death, and prevent it from spreading. Targeted treatments, as the name implies, work by interfering with particular proteins implicated in cancer. Numerous research conducted in the last several decades have led to the conclusion that signalling pathways are involved in the growth of lung cancer. All malignant tumours are produced, spread, invade, and behave in various abnormal ways due to abnormal pathways. Numerous significant signalling pathways, including the RTK/RAS/MAP-Kinase pathway (hence often referred to as RTK-RAS for simplicity), PI3K/Akt signalling, and others, have been discovered as commonly genetically changed. The current developments in research on various signalling pathways, as well as the underlying mechanisms of the molecules implicated in these pathways, are innovatively summarised in this review. To give a good sense of the study that has been done so far, many routes are placed together. Thus, this review includes the detailed description regarding each pathways, the mutations formed, and the present treatment strategy to overcome the resistance.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Prevalence ; Signal Transduction ; Mutation
Chemical Substances	Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	184833-1
ISSN	1573-4919 ; 0300-8177
ISSN (online)	1573-4919
ISSN	0300-8177
DOI	10.1007/s11010-023-04704-4
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Article ; Online: Feeding styles and adiposity in children of 6 months– 5 years of age

Divya Nair Haridas / Onno C. P. van Schayck / Giridhar R. Babu / N. Sreekumaran Nair / Prafulla Shriyan

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

Protocol for a systematic review and meta- analysis

2023 Volume 10

Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Evaluating the utility of procalcitonin and a clinical decision support tool to determine duration of antimicrobial therapy for respiratory tract infections.

Pevehouse, Rustin / Shah, Punit J / Chou, Nitha / Oolut, Priya / Nair, Suneesh / Ahmed, Raziuddin

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

2024

Abstract: ... in the preintervention group (P = 0.001).: Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate the utility of pharmacist ...

Abstract	Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. Purpose: Procalcitonin (PCT) levels may play a role in decreasing the duration of antimicrobial therapy in institutions that have long durations of therapy for management of community-acquired pneumonia. We assessed the impact of the combination of pharmacist stewardship interventions assisted by a clinical decision support (CDS) tool and PCT assessment on the antimicrobial days of therapy (DOT) prescribed for respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study in which patients in the preintervention group were admitted between April and June 2021 and patients in the intervention group were admitted between April and June 2022. In the intervention phase, a CDS tool was utilized to alert clinical pharmacists when patients met specific criteria. This alert was programmed to activate for individual patients when a reported PCT level was less than 0.25 ng/mL and on antimicrobials prescribed for an RTI as indicated by providers in the electronic health record. Stewardship interventions were made by pharmacists via prospective audit and feedback. The primary endpoint was inpatient antimicrobial DOT for RTIs. Results: There were 90 patients in the preintervention group and 104 patients in the intervention group. Although baseline characteristics were not well matched between the groups, favoring the preintervention group, the median DOT was lower in the intervention group at 3 days (interquartile range [IQR], 2-4 days), compared to 4 days (IQR, 2.8-5 days) in the preintervention group (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate the utility of pharmacist interventions coupled with CDS and PCT in reducing antimicrobial DOT prescribed for RTIs. Antimicrobial stewardship programs may benefit from implementing a PCT bundle.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1224627-x
ISSN	1535-2900 ; 1079-2082
ISSN (online)	1535-2900
ISSN	1079-2082
DOI	10.1093/ajhp/zxae072
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Article ; Online: Feeding styles and adiposity in children of 6 months- 5 years of age

Divya Nair Haridas / Onno C P van Schayck / Giridhar R Babu / N Sreekumaran Nair / Prafulla Shriyan

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 10, p e

Protocol for a systematic review and meta- analysis.

2023 Volume 0292139

Abstract: ... Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines were followed for ensuring the completeness of the protocol. Case ...

Abstract	Obesity in children is a major public health concern due to the increased risk of developing adverse health outcomes in their future, and disability in adulthood. The existing systematic reviews on the topic are limited in scope, focusing solely on high-income countries and children aged 4-12 years. Hence, we propose to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand, how exposure to authoritative feeding style versus authoritarian, indulgent, uninvolved compare in terms of its association with adiposity in children aged 6 months to 5 years. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines were followed for ensuring the completeness of the protocol. Case-control and cohort studies will be included. Searches will be done using electronic databases viz. PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Grey literature will be searched using OpenGrey and Grey Literature Report. We will only include quantitative studies using the developed search strategy. For categorical outcomes, relative risks, odds ratios, and hazard ratios with confidence intervals and for continuous outcomes mean difference with confidence intervals will be used. Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies- of Exposure (ROBINS-E) will be used for the evaluation of risk of bias in the individual observational studies. Considering the inherent variability in the observational studies, random effects meta-analysis will also be conducted. If between-study heterogeneity exists, a subgroup analysis based on low and middle-income countries vs. high income countries will be conducted. If the data is not suitable for combining quantitatively, a narrative synthesis will be undertaken. We propose to identify publication bias by using contour-enhanced funnel plots and "trim and fill" method. Outcome reporting bias will be ascertained by comparing the outcomes published in the protocol and the published report. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system will ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Investigation of the Surface Roughness and Hardness of Different Denture Teeth Materials: An

Garg, Kanav / Kaur, Impreet / Vala, Akshaysinh P / Deepashree, C / Nair, Vishnuja V R / John, Nivya

Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences

2024 Volume 16, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S427–S430

Abstract: Background: Surface roughness and hardness are key factors that influence the clinical performance and durability of denture teeth. Understanding variations in these properties among different denture teeth materials can assist in selecting the most ... ...

Abstract	Background: Surface roughness and hardness are key factors that influence the clinical performance and durability of denture teeth. Understanding variations in these properties among different denture teeth materials can assist in selecting the most suitable materials for optimal patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the surface roughness and hardness of four commonly used denture teeth materials: acrylic resin, composite resin, porcelain, and nanohybrid composite. Materials and methods: Ten specimens were prepared for each denture teeth material, resulting in a total of 40 specimens. Surface roughness was assessed using a profilometer, and measurements were recorded in micrometers (μm). Hardness was determined using a Vickers hardness tester, and results were expressed as Vickers hardness numbers (VHN). The surface roughness and hardness data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests (e.g., analysis of variance), with significance set at Results: The results revealed significant differences in both surface roughness and hardness among the different denture teeth materials ( Conclusion: This study demonstrated significant variations in surface roughness and hardness among the different denture teeth materials evaluated. Acrylic resin exhibited the roughest surface and lowest hardness, while porcelain demonstrated the smoothest surface and highest hardness. Composite resin and nanohybrid composite exhibited intermediate values. These findings provide valuable insights for prosthodontic practitioners in selecting denture teeth materials based on specific clinical requirements, aiming to achieve optimal aesthetics, reduced plaque accumulation, and improved wear resistance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2573569-X
ISSN	0975-7406 ; 0976-4879
ISSN (online)	0975-7406
ISSN	0976-4879
DOI	10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_644_23
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Article ; Online: PROSPECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF NON-THYROIDAL NECK SWELLINGS IN WESTERN INDIAN POPULATION

J. Husain / S. Rajagopalan / V. V. Nair / R. Nagamahendran / P. Sharma / N. Roy / P. P. Rao

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 44-

2023 Volume 52

Abstract: ... categorical data were analysed using the Chi square test. A statistical p value <0.05 was taken as significant ... diagnosis was tubercular cervical lymphadenitis (n=38) and lymphoma (n=17). The mean volume of lymph nodes ... in the lymphoma group (38.72±22.12 cm3) was significantly bigger than in the tuberculosis group (9.44±5.99 cm3) P ...

Abstract	Background. Nonthyroidal neck swellings are common and cause diagnostic challenges. This study highlights various diagnosis associated with non-thyroidal neck swellings and their management challenges. Objective. This pilot study highlights the various diagnosis associated with nonthyroidal neck swellings and their management challenges. The clinical spectrum of two most common aetiology of nonthyroidal neck swelling: tubercular cervical lymphadenopathy and lymphomas, are also compared. Methods. This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital from 01 Jun 2018 to 31 Dec 2019. The first 100 nonthyroidal neck swellings presented to the surgical outpatient department were included and assessed clinically, radiologically and histopathologically. Comparison was carried out between the first two common diagnosis of tubercular cervical lymphadenitis and lymphoma. Continuous variables were analysed using Student’s t-test and categorical data were analysed using the Chi square test. A statistical p value <0.05 was taken as significant. Results. There were 73 lymph node swellings and 27 non-lymph node swellings in the study. The most common diagnosis was tubercular cervical lymphadenitis (n=38) and lymphoma (n=17). The mean volume of lymph nodes in the lymphoma group (38.72±22.12 cm3) was significantly bigger than in the tuberculosis group (9.44±5.99 cm3) P=0.00001. The mean age (33.81±11.8 years) of tubercular patients was significantly less than the lymphoma (52.38±25.3 years) with P=0.000167. The clinical diagnosis was nearly accurate in 85% of cases. However, in 15 cases clinical diagnosis was changed after fine needle aspiration cytology. Conclusions. Ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration cytology are very useful adjunct in arriving at a definite diagnosis of a lymph node swelling in neck. Tubercular cervical lymphadenopathy and lymphoma were two major diagnosis. Tubercular cervical lymphadenopathy is significantly different from lymphomas in terms of early age of presentation and ...
Keywords	neck mass ; cervical ; lymphadenopathy ; tubercular ; lymphoma ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Ukrmedknyha
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identification of Kaempferol as Viral Entry Inhibitor and DL-Arginine as Viral Replication Inhibitor from Selected Plants of Indian Traditional Medicine against COVID-19: An

Jayaprakashkamath, Adithya / Murali, Maneesha / Nair, Bhagyalakshmi / Benny, Feby / Mani, Rajalakshmi P / Suresh, Darsana / Presanna, Aneesh T / Areekkara, Amrutha N / Nath, Lekshmi R

Current computer-aided drug design

2023 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 313–323

Abstract: Background: Indian traditional medicinal plants are known for their great potential in combating viral diseases. Previously, we reported a systematic review approach of seven plausible traditional Indian medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2.: Methods: ...

Abstract	Background: Indian traditional medicinal plants are known for their great potential in combating viral diseases. Previously, we reported a systematic review approach of seven plausible traditional Indian medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Molecular docking was conducted with Biovia Discovery Studio. Three binding domains for spike glycoprotein (PDB IDs: 6LZG, 6M17, 6M0J) and one binding domain of RdRp (PDB ID: 7BTF) were used. Among 100 phytoconstituents listed from seven plants by the IMPPAT database used for virtual screening, the best six compounds were again filtered using Swiss ADME prediction and Lipinski's rule. Additionally, a pseudovirion assay was performed to study the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 S1-protein with the ACE 2 receptor to further confirm the effect. Results: Chebulagic acid (52.06 Kcal/mol) and kaempferol (48.84 Kcal/mol) showed increased interaction energy compared to umifenovir (33.68 Kcal/mol) for the 6LZG binding domain of spike glycoprotein. Epicatechin gallate (36.95 Kcal/mol) and arachidic acid (26.09 Kcal/mol) showed equally comparable interaction energy compared to umifenovir (38.20 Kcal/mol) for the 6M17 binding domain of spike glycoprotein. Trihydroxychalcone (35.23 Kcal/mol) and kaempferol (36.96 Kcal/mol) showed equally comparable interaction energy with umifenovir (36.60 Kcal/mol) for 6M0J binding domain of spike glycoprotein. Upon analyzing the phytoconstituents against RdRp binding domain, DL-arginine (41.78 Kcal/mol) showed comparable results with the positive control remdesivir (47.61 Kcal/mol). ADME analysis performed using Swiss ADME revealed that kaempferol and DL arginine showed drug-like properties with appropriate pharmacokinetic parameters. Further in vitro analysis of kaempferol by pseudovirion assay confirmed an acceptable decrease of the lentiviral particles in transfected HEK293T-hACE2 cells. Conclusion: The study highlights that kaempferol and DL-arginine could be the significant molecules to exhibit potent action against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; Kaempferols/pharmacology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; HEK293 Cells ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Virus Internalization ; Medicine, Traditional ; Arginine ; Glycoproteins ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Chemical Substances	umifenovir (93M09WW4RU) ; Kaempferols ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F) ; Glycoproteins ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48) ; Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-12
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ISSN	1875-6697
ISSN (online)	1875-6697
DOI	10.2174/1573409919666230112123213
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