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Article ; Online: B-Cell Responses to Sars-Cov-2 mRNA Vaccines.

Kardava, Lela / Buckner, Clarisa M / Moir, Susan

Pathogens & immunity

2022 Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) 93–119

Abstract: Most vaccines against viral pathogens protect through the acquisition of immunological memory from long-lived plasma cells that produce antibodies and memory B cells that can rapidly respond upon an encounter with the pathogen or its variants. The COVID- ... ...

Abstract	Most vaccines against viral pathogens protect through the acquisition of immunological memory from long-lived plasma cells that produce antibodies and memory B cells that can rapidly respond upon an encounter with the pathogen or its variants. The COVID-19 pandemic and rapid deployment of effective vaccines have provided an unprecedented opportunity to study the immune response to a new yet rapidly evolving pathogen. Here we review the scientific literature and our efforts to understand antibody and B-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the effect of SARSCoV-2 infection on both primary and secondary immune responses, and how repeated exposures may impact outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2469-2964
ISSN (online)	2469-2964
DOI	10.20411/pai.v7i2.550
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Article ; Online: T-bet

Andrews, Sarah F / Moir, Susan

Immunity

2020 Volume 52, Issue 5, Page(s) 726–728

Abstract: Memory B cells (MBCs) expressing the transcription factor T-bet have been described in normal and dysregulated immune responses. In this issue of Immunity, Johnson et al. report that T- ... ...

Abstract	Memory B cells (MBCs) expressing the transcription factor T-bet have been described in normal and dysregulated immune responses. In this issue of Immunity, Johnson et al. report that T-bet
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibody Specificity ; B-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; Mice ; T-Box Domain Proteins/genetics ; T-Box Domain Proteins/metabolism ; Tissue Distribution
Chemical Substances	T-Box Domain Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1217235-2
ISSN	1097-4180 ; 1074-7613
ISSN (online)	1097-4180
ISSN	1074-7613
DOI	10.1016/j.immuni.2020.04.013
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Zs.A 4227: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: Interval colorectal cancers after negative faecal immunochemical test in the New Zealand Bowel Screening Pilot.

Saw, Kai Sheng / Sexton, Kerry / Frankish, Paul / Hulme-Moir, Mike / Bissett, Ian / Parry, Susan

BMJ open gastroenterology

2023 Volume 10, Issue 1

Abstract: Objective: Evaluate the diagnostic performance of faecal immunochemical test (FIT), identify risk factors for FIT-interval colorectal cancers (FIT-IC) and describe long-term outcomes of participants with colorectal cancers (CRC) in the New Zealand Bowel ...

Abstract	Objective: Evaluate the diagnostic performance of faecal immunochemical test (FIT), identify risk factors for FIT-interval colorectal cancers (FIT-IC) and describe long-term outcomes of participants with colorectal cancers (CRC) in the New Zealand Bowel Screening Pilot (BSP). Design: From 2012 to 2017, the BSP offered eligible individuals, aged 50-74 years, biennial screening using a quantitative FIT with positivity threshold of 15 µg haemoglobin (Hb)/g faeces. Retrospective review of prospectively maintained data extracted from the BSP Register and New Zealand Cancer Registry identified any CRC reported in participants who returned a definitive FIT result. Further details were obtained from hospital records. FIT-ICs were primary CRC diagnosed within 24 months of a negative FIT. Factors associated with FIT-ICs were identified using logistic regression. Results: Of 387 215 individuals invited, 57.4% participated with 6.1% returning positive FIT results. Final analysis included 520 CRC, of which 111 (21.3%) met FIT-IC definition. Overall FIT sensitivity for CRC was 78.7% (95% CI=74.9% to 82.1%), specificity was 94.1% (95% CI=94.0% to 94.2%). In 78 (70.3%) participants with FIT-IC, faecal Hb was reported as undetectable. There were no significant associations between FIT-IC and age, sex, ethnicity and deprivation. FIT-ICs were significantly associated with proximal tumour location, late stage at diagnosis, high-grade tumour differentiation and subsequent round screens. Median follow-up time was 74 (2-124) months. FIT-IC had significantly poorer overall survival. Conclusion: FIT sensitivity in BSP compared favourably to published data. FIT-ICs were more likely to be proximal tumours with poor long-term outcomes. Further lowering of FIT threshold would have minimal impact on FIT-IC.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology ; New Zealand/epidemiology ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Occult Blood ; Hemoglobins/analysis
Chemical Substances	Hemoglobins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2054-4774
ISSN	2054-4774
DOI	10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001233
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Article ; Online: B-cell abnormalities in HIV-1 infection: roles for IgG3 and T-bet.

Kardava, Lela / Moir, Susan

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

2019 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 240–245

Abstract: Purpose of review: Numerous B-cell abnormalities in HIV-1 infection have been described over the past three decades yet have remained poorly defined mechanistically. We review recent studies that describe mechanisms of B-cell dysregulation in chronic ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Numerous B-cell abnormalities in HIV-1 infection have been described over the past three decades yet have remained poorly defined mechanistically. We review recent studies that describe mechanisms of B-cell dysregulation in chronic HIV-1 infection associated with IgG3 and T-bet. Recent findings: HIV-1 infection causes hypergammaglobulinemia and dysregulation of B-cell populations, including the expansion during chronic viremia of functionally impaired tissue-like memory (TLM) B cells. TLM B cells and B cells in other conditions of chronic activation and inflammation with similar phenotypes are characterized by increased expression of the transcription factor T-bet and preferential immunoglobulin class-switching to IgG3. However, defects in B-cell function during chronic HIV-1 viremia are also associated with the binding of soluble IgG3 to IgM-expressing B cells, with the highest intensities observed on TLM B cells. The consequence of IgG3 binding to TLM B cells is increased clustering of the IgM B-cell receptor and decreased response to stimulation. Summary: The identification of T-bet and IgG3 as the regulators of B-cell function in chronic HIV-1 viremia could provide new targets for therapeutic intervention aimed at reversing the damaging effects of HIV-1-associated chronic immune activation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; HIV Infections/genetics ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/virology ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV-1/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Immunologic Memory ; T-Box Domain Proteins/genetics ; T-Box Domain Proteins/immunology ; Viremia/genetics ; Viremia/immunology ; Viremia/virology
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin G ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; T-box transcription factor TBX21
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	2502511-9
ISSN	1746-6318 ; 1746-630X
ISSN (online)	1746-6318
ISSN	1746-630X
DOI	10.1097/COH.0000000000000547
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Article: Inhibition of HIV-1 release by ADAM metalloproteinase inhibitors.

Ireland, Joanna / Segura, Jason / Shi, Genbin / Buchwald, Julianna / Roth, Gwynne / Shen, Thomas Juncheng / Wang, Ruipeng / Ji, Xinhua / Fischer, Elizabeth R / Moir, Susan / Chun, Tae-Wook / Sun, Peter D

Frontiers in microbiology

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1385775

Abstract: HIV-1 gp120 glycan binding to C-type lectin adhesion receptor L-selectin/CD62L on CD4 T cells facilitates viral attachment and entry. Paradoxically, the adhesion receptor impedes HIV-1 budding from infected T cells and the viral release requires the ... ...

Abstract	HIV-1 gp120 glycan binding to C-type lectin adhesion receptor L-selectin/CD62L on CD4 T cells facilitates viral attachment and entry. Paradoxically, the adhesion receptor impedes HIV-1 budding from infected T cells and the viral release requires the shedding of CD62L. To systematically investigate CD62L-shedding mediated viral release and its potential inhibition, we screened compounds specific for serine-, cysteine-, aspartyl-, and Zn-dependent proteases for CD62L shedding inhibition and found that a subclass of Zn-metalloproteinase inhibitors, including BB-94, TAPI, prinomastat, GM6001, and GI25423X, suppressed CD62L shedding. Their inhibition of HIV-1 infections correlated with enzymatic suppression of both ADAM10 and 17 activities and expressions of these ADAMs were transiently induced during the viral infection. These metalloproteinase inhibitors are distinct from the current antiretroviral drug compounds. Using immunogold labeling of CD62L, we observed association between budding HIV-1 virions and CD62L by transmission electron microscope, and the extent of CD62L-tethering of budding virions increased when the receptor shedding is inhibited. Finally, these CD62L shedding inhibitors suppressed the release of HIV-1 virions by CD4 T cells of infected individuals and their virion release inhibitions correlated with their CD62L shedding inhibitions. Our finding reveals a new therapeutic approach targeted at HIV-1 viral release.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385775
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Article ; Online: Acupuncture in cancer care: recommendations for safe practice (peer-reviewed expert opinion).

de Valois, Beverley / Young, Teresa / Zollman, Catherine / Appleyard, Ian / Ben-Arye, Eran / Cummings, Mike / Green, Ruth / Hoffman, Caroline / Lacey, Judith / Moir, Felicity / Peckham, Rachel / Stringer, Jacqui / Veleber, Susan / Weitzman, Matthew / Wode, Kathrin

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer

2024 Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) 229

Abstract: Background: Up-to-date recommendations for the safe practice of acupuncture in integrative oncology are overdue with new cancer treatments and an increase in survivors with late effects of disease; 17 years have elapsed since Filshie and Hester's 2006 ... ...

Abstract	Background: Up-to-date recommendations for the safe practice of acupuncture in integrative oncology are overdue with new cancer treatments and an increase in survivors with late effects of disease; 17 years have elapsed since Filshie and Hester's 2006 guidelines. During 2022/2023 an expert panel assembled to produce updated recommendations aiming to facilitate safe and appropriate care by acupuncturists working with people with cancer. Methods: A core development team comprising three integrative oncology professionals comprehensively updated pre-existing unpublished recommendations. Twelve invited international experts (senior acupuncturists with and without experience of working in oncology settings, oncologists, physicians and nurses trained in integrative oncology, researchers, academics, and professional body representatives) reviewed the recommendations. In multiple iterations, the core team harmonised comments for final ratification. To aid dissemination and uptake the panel represents national and international integrative oncology associations and major cancer treatment centres in Europe, USA, Australia, and the Middle East. Results: These recommendations facilitate safe care by articulating contra-indications, cautions, and risks for patients both on and off treatment (surgery, SACT, radiotherapy). Situations where acupuncture may be contra-indicated or practices need adapting are identified. "Red and Amber Flags" highlight where urgent referral is essential. Conclusion: These are the first international, multidisciplinary peer-reviewed recommendations for safe acupuncture practice in integrative oncology. Concerns about safety remain a significant barrier to appropriate referral from oncology teams, to use by acupuncturists and to uptake by patients. Disseminating trustworthy, widely accessible guidance should facilitate informed, confident practice of acupuncture in and outside of oncology healthcare settings.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Expert Testimony ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Medical Oncology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1134446-5
ISSN	1433-7339 ; 0941-4355
ISSN (online)	1433-7339
ISSN	0941-4355
DOI	10.1007/s00520-024-08386-6
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Zs.A 3697: Show issues

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Article ; Online: B-cell responses to HIV infection.

Moir, Susan / Fauci, Anthony S

Immunological reviews

2017 Volume 275, Issue 1, Page(s) 33–48

Abstract: The induction of neutralizing antibodies directed against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has received considerable attention in recent years, in part driven by renewed interest and opportunities for antibody-based strategies for prevention such ... ...

Abstract	The induction of neutralizing antibodies directed against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has received considerable attention in recent years, in part driven by renewed interest and opportunities for antibody-based strategies for prevention such as passive transfer of antibodies and the development of preventive vaccines, as well as immune-based therapeutic interventions. Advances in the ability to screen, isolate, and characterize HIV-specific antibodies have led to the identification of a new generation of potent broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). The majority of these antibodies have been isolated from B cells of chronically HIV-infected individuals with detectable viremia. In this review, we provide insight into the phenotypic and functional attributes of human B cells, with a focus on HIV-specific memory B cells and plasmablasts/cells that are responsible for sustaining humoral immune responses against HIV. We discuss the abnormalities in B cells that occur in HIV infection both in the peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues, especially in the setting of persisting viremia. Finally, we consider the opportunities and drawbacks of intensively interrogating antibodies isolated from HIV-infected individuals to guide strategies aimed at developing effective antibody-based vaccine and therapeutic interventions for HIV.
MeSH term(s)	AIDS Vaccines/immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/metabolism ; Antibody-Producing Cells/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/virology ; HIV/immunology ; HIV Antigens/immunology ; HIV Infections/immunology ; Humans ; Immune Evasion ; Immunity, Humoral ; Immunologic Memory
Chemical Substances	AIDS Vaccines ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; HIV Antigens
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	391796-4
ISSN	1600-065X ; 0105-2896
ISSN (online)	1600-065X
ISSN	0105-2896
DOI	10.1111/imr.12502
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Article ; Online: Comprehensive analysis of HIV reservoirs in elite controllers.

Kennedy, Brooke D / Blazkova, Jana / Justement, Jesse S / Shi, Victoria / Rai, M Ali / Manning, Maegan R / Praiss, Lauren / Gittens, Kathleen / Wender, Paul A / Patro, Sean / Wu, Xiaolin / Moir, Susan / Chun, Tae-Wook

The Journal of clinical investigation

2023 Volume 133, Issue 3

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; HIV Infections ; Elite Controllers ; Viral Load ; HIV Long-Term Survivors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	3067-3
ISSN	1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
ISSN (online)	1558-8238
ISSN	0021-9738
DOI	10.1172/JCI165446
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Article ; Online: Effect of influenza vaccination on the persistence of HIV reservoirs and immunologic parameters in people with HIV.

Blazkova, Jana / Shi, Victoria / Manning, Maegan R / Kennedy, Brooke D / Justement, J Shawn / Praiss, Lauren / Gittens, Kathleen / Seamon, Catherine A / Rai, M Ali / Moir, Susan / Chun, Tae-Wook

AIDS (London, England)

2023 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 131–133

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639076-6
ISSN	1473-5571 ; 0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
ISSN (online)	1473-5571
ISSN	0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
DOI	10.1097/QAD.0000000000003734
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Article: Lycopene-rich diets modulate HDL functionality and associated inflammatory markers without affecting lipoprotein size and distribution in moderately overweight, disease-free, middle-aged adults: A randomized controlled trial.

McEneny, Jane / Henry, Sarah-Louise / Woodside, Jayne / Moir, Susan / Rudd, Amelia / Vaughan, Nick / Thies, Frank

Frontiers in nutrition

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 954593

Abstract: Background: The consumption of lycopene-rich foods may lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Lycopene circulates in the blood bound to lipoproteins, including high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). Preliminary data from our group showed that increased ... ...

Abstract	Background: The consumption of lycopene-rich foods may lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Lycopene circulates in the blood bound to lipoproteins, including high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). Preliminary data from our group showed that increased consumption of tomato-based food or lycopene supplement in middle-aged subjects led to functional changes to HDL's sub-fractions, HDL Objective: We carried out a comprehensive randomized controlled intervention trial with healthy middle-aged volunteers to assess whether the consumption of tomato-based foods or lycopene supplements affects HDL functionality and associated inflammatory markers, and lipoprotein subfractions size and distribution. Design: Volunteers (225, aged 40-65 years) were randomly assigned to one of three dietary intervention groups and asked to consume a control diet (low in tomato-based foods, <10 mg lycopene/week), a lycopene-rich diet (224-350 mg lycopene/week), or the control diet with a lycopene supplement (70 mg lycopene/week). HDL Results: Lycopene in serum and HDL significantly increased following consumption of both the high tomato diet and lycopene supplement ( Conclusion: Our results showed that dietary lycopene can significantly enhance HDL functionality, without associated changes in particle size and distribution, by modulating the activity of HDL-associated enzymes. Concomitantly, dietary lycopene significantly decreased serum- and HDL Clinical trial register: (https://www.isrctn.com), ISRCTN34203810.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2776676-7
ISSN	2296-861X
ISSN	2296-861X
DOI	10.3389/fnut.2022.954593
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