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Article ; Online: Pathological Assessment of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Review of Concepts and Methodology.

Van Ommeren, Randy / Hazrati, Lili-Naz

Academic forensic pathology

2018 Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 555–564

Abstract: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) has become a topic of considerable interest in recent years, with wide-ranging implications for athletes, military members, and other groups exposed to frequent concussive or subconcussive head trauma. The condition ...

Abstract	Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) has become a topic of considerable interest in recent years, with wide-ranging implications for athletes, military members, and other groups exposed to frequent concussive or subconcussive head trauma. The condition has been subject to intensive neuropathological characterization by various groups, with assessment methodologies and staging criteria proposed. Clinical characterization of symptoms has also been performed, but has not yet been definitively formalized. While efforts are underway to develop
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	1925-3621
ISSN (online)	1925-3621
DOI	10.1177/1925362118797729
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Clinical Reasoning: An 81-year-old woman with decreased consciousness and fluctuating right facial droop.

Van Ommeren, Randy / Izenberg, Aaron / Shadowitz, Steven / Aviv, Richard / Keith, Julia

Neurology

2020 Volume 94, Issue 19, Page(s) 843–848

MeSH term(s)	Aged, 80 and over ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/cerebrospinal fluid ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/complications ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/diagnosis ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/pathology ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Facial Paralysis/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/complications ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Unconsciousness/complications ; Unconsciousness/diagnosis ; Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/cerebrospinal fluid ; Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/complications ; Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/diagnosis ; Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/pathology ; White Matter/pathology
Chemical Substances	Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	207147-2
ISSN	1526-632X ; 0028-3878
ISSN (online)	1526-632X
ISSN	0028-3878
DOI	10.1212/WNL.0000000000009410
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Article ; Online: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: current insights and future directions.

Srikanthan, Dilakshan / Taccone, Michael S / Van Ommeren, Randy / Ishida, Joji / Krumholtz, Stacey L / Rutka, James T

Chinese neurosurgical journal

2021 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 6

Abstract: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a lethal pediatric brain tumor and the leading cause of brain tumor-related death in children. As several clinical trials over the past few decades have led to no significant improvements in outcome, the current ...

Abstract	Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a lethal pediatric brain tumor and the leading cause of brain tumor-related death in children. As several clinical trials over the past few decades have led to no significant improvements in outcome, the current standard of care remains fractionated focal radiation. Due to the recent increase in stereotactic biopsies, tumor tissue availabilities have enabled our advancement of the genomic and molecular characterization of this lethal cancer. Several groups have identified key histone gene mutations, genetic drivers, and methylation changes in DIPG, providing us with new insights into DIPG tumorigenesis. Subsequently, there has been increased development of in vitro and in vivo models of DIPG which have the capacity to unveil novel therapies and strategies for drug delivery. This review outlines the clinical characteristics, genetic landscape, models, and current treatments and hopes to shed light on novel therapeutic avenues and challenges that remain.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2836334-6
ISSN	2057-4967 ; 2057-4967
ISSN (online)	2057-4967
ISSN	2057-4967
DOI	10.1186/s41016-020-00218-w
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Article ; Online: The molecular biology of medulloblastoma metastasis.

Van Ommeren, Randy / Garzia, Livia / Holgado, Borja L / Ramaswamy, Vijay / Taylor, Michael D

Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 691–702

Abstract: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor of childhood and a significant contributor to pediatric morbidity and death. While metastatic dissemination is the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality for patients with this ... ...

Abstract	Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor of childhood and a significant contributor to pediatric morbidity and death. While metastatic dissemination is the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality for patients with this disease, most research efforts and clinical trials to date have focused on the primary tumor; this is due mostly to the paucity of metastatic tumor samples and lack of robust mouse models of MB dissemination. Most current insights into the molecular drivers of metastasis have been derived from comparative molecular studies of metastatic and non-metastatic primary tumors. However, small studies on matched primary and metastatic tissues and recently developed mouse models of dissemination have begun to uncover the molecular biology of MB metastasis more directly. With respect to anatomical routes of dissemination, a hematogenous route for MB metastasis has recently been demonstrated, opening new avenues of investigation. The tumor micro-environment of the primary and metastatic niches has also been increasingly scrutinized in recent years, and further investigation of these tumor compartments is likely to result in a better understanding of the molecular mediators of MB colonization and growth in metastatic compartments.
MeSH term(s)	Cell Line, Tumor ; Cerebellar Neoplasms/genetics ; Cerebellar Neoplasms/pathology ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma/genetics ; Medulloblastoma/secondary ; Neoplasm Metastasis/genetics ; Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1051484-3
ISSN	1750-3639 ; 1015-6305
ISSN (online)	1750-3639
ISSN	1015-6305
DOI	10.1111/bpa.12811
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Zs.A 3585: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Deep learning for image analysis: Personalizing medicine closer to the point of care.

Xie, Quin / Faust, Kevin / Van Ommeren, Randy / Sheikh, Adeel / Djuric, Ugljesa / Diamandis, Phedias

Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences

2019 Volume 56, Issue 1, Page(s) 61–73

Abstract: The precision-based revolution in medicine continues to demand stratification of patients into smaller and more personalized subgroups. While genomic technologies have largely led this movement, diagnostic results can take days to weeks to generate. ... ...

Abstract	The precision-based revolution in medicine continues to demand stratification of patients into smaller and more personalized subgroups. While genomic technologies have largely led this movement, diagnostic results can take days to weeks to generate. Management at, or closer to, the point of care still heavily relies on the subjective qualitative interpretation of clinical and diagnostic imaging findings. New and emerging technological advances in artificial intelligence (AI) now appear poised to help bring objectivity and precision to these traditionally qualitative analytic tools. In particular, one specific form of AI, known as deep learning, is achieving expert-level disease classifications in many areas of diagnostic medicine dependent on visual and image-based findings. Here, we briefly review concepts of deep learning, and more specifically recent developments in convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to highlight their transformative potential in personalized medicine and, in particular, diagnostic histopathology. Understanding the opportunities and challenges of these quantitative machine-based decision support tools is critical to their widespread introduction into routine diagnostics.
MeSH term(s)	Deep Learning ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Humans ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Precision Medicine
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	280641-1
ISSN	1549-781X ; 1040-8363 ; 0590-8191
ISSN (online)	1549-781X
ISSN	1040-8363 ; 0590-8191
DOI	10.1080/10408363.2018.1536111
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Zs.A 771: Show issues

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Article ; Online: BRAT1 Mutation: The First Reported Case of Chinese Origin and Review of the Literature.

Van Ommeren, Randy H / Gao, Andrew F / Blaser, Susan I / Chitayat, David A / Hazrati, Lili-Naz

Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

2018 Volume 77, Issue 12, Page(s) 1071–1078

Abstract: Lethal neonatal rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome (RMFSL) (OMIM#614498) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the BRAT1 gene (OMIM#614506) on chromosome 7p22. We report a newborn female infant born to non-consanguineous ... ...

Abstract	Lethal neonatal rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome (RMFSL) (OMIM#614498) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the BRAT1 gene (OMIM#614506) on chromosome 7p22. We report a newborn female infant born to non-consanguineous Chinese parents who presented with hypertonia, dysmorphic features, progressive encephalopathy with refractory seizures, and worsening episodic apnea, leading to intubation and eventually death at 10 weeks of age. Whole exome sequencing revealed homozygous BRAT1 mutation, c.1395G>C (p.Thr465Thr), predicted to cause splice site disruption. Neuropathological assessment demonstrated microcephaly, severe neuronal loss, and background gliosis in the dorsal region of the putamen. Disruption of BRAT1 function in RMFSL has been proposed to cause dysfunction in the DNA damage response pathway and impair mitochondrial homeostasis. To our best knowledge this is the first reported case of Chinese origin. We review all published cases with BRAT1 mutation reported in the English literature and known BRAT1 functions which provide insight into the pathophysiology of the disease.
MeSH term(s)	Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Brain/abnormalities ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mutation/genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Seizures/diagnostic imaging ; Seizures/genetics
Chemical Substances	BRAT1 protein, human ; Nuclear Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3088-0
ISSN	1554-6578 ; 0022-3069
ISSN (online)	1554-6578
ISSN	0022-3069
DOI	10.1093/jnen/nly093
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Article ; Online: Advances in HSP27 and HSP90-targeting strategies for glioblastoma.

van Ommeren, Randy / Staudt, Michael D / Xu, Hu / Hebb, Matthew O

Journal of neuro-oncology

2016 Volume 127, Issue 2, Page(s) 209–219

Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults. There is a critical need for novel strategies to abolish the molecular mechanisms that support GBM growth, invasion and treatment resistance. The heat shock proteins, ... ...

Abstract	Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults. There is a critical need for novel strategies to abolish the molecular mechanisms that support GBM growth, invasion and treatment resistance. The heat shock proteins, HSP27 and HSP90, serve these pivotal roles in tumor cells and have been identified as effective targets for developing therapeutics. Natural and synthetic inhibitors have been evaluated in clinical trials for several forms of systemic cancer but none as yet for GBM. This topic review summarizes the current preclinical evidence and rationale to define the potential of HSP27 and HSP90 inhibitors in GBM management.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Glioblastoma/drug therapy ; Glioblastoma/metabolism ; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents ; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	604875-4
ISSN	1573-7373 ; 0167-594X
ISSN (online)	1573-7373
ISSN	0167-594X
DOI	10.1007/s11060-016-2070-8
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Article ; Online: Physician perspectives on integration of artificial intelligence into diagnostic pathology.

Sarwar, Shihab / Dent, Anglin / Faust, Kevin / Richer, Maxime / Djuric, Ugljesa / Van Ommeren, Randy / Diamandis, Phedias

NPJ digital medicine

2019 Volume 2, Page(s) 28

Abstract: Advancements in computer vision and artificial intelligence (AI) carry the potential to make significant contributions to health care, particularly in diagnostic specialties such as radiology and pathology. The impact of these technologies on physician ... ...

Abstract	Advancements in computer vision and artificial intelligence (AI) carry the potential to make significant contributions to health care, particularly in diagnostic specialties such as radiology and pathology. The impact of these technologies on physician stakeholders is the subject of significant speculation. There is however a dearth of information regarding the opinions, enthusiasm, and concerns of the pathology community at large. Here, we report results from a survey of 487 pathologist-respondents practicing in 54 countries, conducted to examine perspectives on AI implementation in clinical practice. Despite limitations, including difficulty with quantifying response bias and verifying identity of respondents to this anonymous and voluntary survey, several interesting findings were uncovered. Overall, respondents carried generally positive attitudes towards AI, with nearly 75% reporting interest or excitement in AI as a diagnostic tool to facilitate improvements in workflow efficiency and quality assurance in pathology. Importantly, even within the more optimistic cohort, a significant number of respondents endorsed concerns about AI, including the potential for job displacement and replacement. Overall, around 80% of respondents predicted the introduction of AI technology in the pathology laboratory within the coming decade. Attempts to identify statistically significant demographic characteristics (e.g., age, sex, type/place of practice) predictive of attitudes towards AI using Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) testing revealed several associations. Important themes which were commented on by respondents included the need for increasing efforts towards physician training and resolving medical-legal implications prior to the generalized implementation of AI in pathology.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2398-6352
ISSN (online)	2398-6352
DOI	10.1038/s41746-019-0106-0
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Conference proceedings: Surgical Management of Skull Base Chordomas: Single-Center Results in the Last 10 Years

Almeida, Joao Paulo / Van Ommeren, Randy / Zuccato, Jeffrey / Vescan, Allan / de Almeida, John / Monteiro, Eric / Witterick, Ian / Gentili, Fred / Zadeh, Gelareh

Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base

2020 Volume 81, Issue S 01

Event/congress	30th Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society, La Cantera Resort & Spa San Antonio, Texas, 2020-02-07
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-01
Publisher	Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings
ZDB-ID	2654269-9
ISSN	2193-634X ; 2193-6331
ISSN (online)	2193-634X
ISSN	2193-6331
DOI	10.1055/s-0040-1702488
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Physician perspectives on integration of artificial intelligence into diagnostic pathology

Shihab Sarwar / Anglin Dent / Kevin Faust / Maxime Richer / Ugljesa Djuric / Randy Van Ommeren / Phedias Diamandis

npj Digital Medicine, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2019 Volume 7

Abstract: Abstract Advancements in computer vision and artificial intelligence (AI) carry the potential to make significant contributions to health care, particularly in diagnostic specialties such as radiology and pathology. The impact of these technologies on ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Advancements in computer vision and artificial intelligence (AI) carry the potential to make significant contributions to health care, particularly in diagnostic specialties such as radiology and pathology. The impact of these technologies on physician stakeholders is the subject of significant speculation. There is however a dearth of information regarding the opinions, enthusiasm, and concerns of the pathology community at large. Here, we report results from a survey of 487 pathologist-respondents practicing in 54 countries, conducted to examine perspectives on AI implementation in clinical practice. Despite limitations, including difficulty with quantifying response bias and verifying identity of respondents to this anonymous and voluntary survey, several interesting findings were uncovered. Overall, respondents carried generally positive attitudes towards AI, with nearly 75% reporting interest or excitement in AI as a diagnostic tool to facilitate improvements in workflow efficiency and quality assurance in pathology. Importantly, even within the more optimistic cohort, a significant number of respondents endorsed concerns about AI, including the potential for job displacement and replacement. Overall, around 80% of respondents predicted the introduction of AI technology in the pathology laboratory within the coming decade. Attempts to identify statistically significant demographic characteristics (e.g., age, sex, type/place of practice) predictive of attitudes towards AI using Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) testing revealed several associations. Important themes which were commented on by respondents included the need for increasing efforts towards physician training and resolving medical-legal implications prior to the generalized implementation of AI in pathology.
Keywords	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
Subject code	941
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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