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Article ; Online: Using the R = MC

Craig, Derek W / Walker, Timothy J / Cuccaro, Paula / Sharma, Shreela V / Heredia, Natalia I / Robertson, Michael C / Fernandez, Maria E

BMC public health

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 207

Abstract: ... implementation of school-based physical activity opportunities. The R = MC: Methods: We analyzed interview ... Method to guide the analysis and coded data using deductive (informed by the R = MC: Results: Four ... to the implementation process. Themes 1-3 aligned with subcomponents of the R = MC: Conclusion: Our results highlight ...

Abstract	Background: Schools are a key setting for supporting youth physical activity, given their broad reach and diverse student populations. Organizational readiness is a precursor to the successful implementation of school-based physical activity opportunities. The R = MC Methods: We analyzed interview data from 15 elementary school staff (principals, assistant principals, physical education teachers, and classroom teachers) from a school district in Texas. We focused on factors related to adopting, implementing, and sustaining a variety of school-based physical activity opportunities. We used the Framework Method to guide the analysis and coded data using deductive (informed by the R = MC Results: Four themes emerged from the data: (1) implementation is aided by the presence of internal and external relationships; (2) physical activity opportunities compete with other school priorities; (3) seeing the benefits of physical activity opportunities motivates school staff toward implementation; and (4) staff buy-in is critical to the implementation process. Themes 1-3 aligned with subcomponents of the R = MC Conclusion: Our results highlight and explain how key readiness constructs impact the implementation of school-based physical activity opportunities. They also highlight the importance of obtaining staff buy-in when implementing in the school setting. This information is critical to developing readiness-building strategies that help schools improve their capacity to deliver physical activity opportunities effectively. Trial registration: Not applicable.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Heuristics ; Exercise ; Qualitative Research ; Students ; Motivation
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-024-17744-2
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Article ; Online: rWCVP: a companion R package for the World Checklist of Vascular Plants.

Brown, Matilda J M / Walker, Barnaby E / Black, Nicholas / Govaerts, Rafaël H A / Ondo, Ian / Turner, Robert / Nic Lughadha, Eimear

The New phytologist

2023 Volume 240, Issue 4, Page(s) 1355–1365

Abstract: ... we present rWCVP, an open-source R package that aims to facilitate the use of the WCVP by providing clear ...

Abstract	The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) is an extremely valuable resource that is being used to address many fundamental and applied questions in plant science, conservation, ecology and evolution. However, databases of this size require data manipulation skills that pose a barrier to many potential users. Here, we present rWCVP, an open-source R package that aims to facilitate the use of the WCVP by providing clear, intuitive functions to execute many common tasks. These functions include taxonomic name reconciliation, geospatial integration, mapping and generation of multiple different summaries of the WCVP in both data and report format. We have included extensive documentation and tutorials, providing step-by-step guides that are accessible even to users with minimal programming experience. rWCVP is available on cran and GitHub.
MeSH term(s)	Software ; Checklist ; Tracheophyta ; Plants ; Databases, Factual
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208885-x
ISSN	1469-8137 ; 0028-646X
ISSN (online)	1469-8137
ISSN	0028-646X
DOI	10.1111/nph.18919
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Article ; Online: Utility of the ALSFRS-R for predicting ALS and comorbid disease neuropathology: The Veterans Affairs Biorepository Brain Bank.

Colvin, Leigh E / Foster, Zachariah W / Stein, Thor D / Thakore-James, Manisha / Salajegheh, Mohammad Kian / Carr, Kendall / Spencer, Keith R / Abdul Rauf, Nazifa / Adams, Latease / Averill, James G / Walker, Sean E / Robey, Ian / Alvarez, Victor E / Huber, Bertrand R / McKee, Ann C / Kowall, Neil W / Brady, Christopher B

Muscle & nerve

2022 Volume 66, Issue 2, Page(s) 167–174

Abstract: ... R) is commonly used to track ALS disease progression; however, there are gaps in the literature ... regarding the extent to which the ALSFRS-R relates to underlying central nervous system (CNS) pathology ... The current study explored the association between ALSFRS-R (total and subdomain) scores and postmortem ...

Abstract	Introduction/aims: The amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) functional rating scale-revised (ALSFRS-R) is commonly used to track ALS disease progression; however, there are gaps in the literature regarding the extent to which the ALSFRS-R relates to underlying central nervous system (CNS) pathology. The current study explored the association between ALSFRS-R (total and subdomain) scores and postmortem neuropathology (both ALS-specific and comorbid disease). Methods: Within our sample of 93 military veterans with autopsy-confirmed ALS, we utilized hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) to identify discrete profiles of motor dysfunction based on ALSFRS-R subdomain scores. We examined whether emergent clusters were associated with neuropathology. Separate analyses of variance and covariance with post-hoc comparisons were performed to examine relevant cluster differences. Results: Analyses revealed significant correlations between ALSFRS-R total and subdomain scores with some, but not all, neuropathological variables. The HCA illustrated three groups: Cluster 1-predominantly diffuse functional impairment; Cluster 2-spared respiratory/bulbar and impaired motor function; and Cluster 3-spared bulbar and impaired respiratory, and fine and gross motor function. Individuals in Cluster 1 (and to a lesser degree, Cluster 3) exhibited greater accumulation of ALS-specific neuropathology and less comorbid neuropathology than those in Cluster 2. Discussion: These results suggest that discrete patterns of motor dysfunction based on ALSFRS-R subdomain scores are related to postmortem neuropathology. Findings support use of ALSFRS-R subdomain scores to capture the heterogeneity of clinical presentation and disease progression in ALS, and may assist researchers in identifying endophenotypes for separate assessment in clinical trials.
MeSH term(s)	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/complications ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/diagnosis ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/epidemiology ; Brain ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Severity of Illness Index ; Veterans
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	438353-9
ISSN	1097-4598 ; 0148-639X
ISSN (online)	1097-4598
ISSN	0148-639X
DOI	10.1002/mus.27635
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Book ; Online: R-MNet

Jam, Jireh / Kendrick, Connah / Drouard, Vincent / Walker, Kevin / Hsu, Gee-Sern / Yap, Moi Hoon

A Perceptual Adversarial Network for Image Inpainting

2020

Abstract: ... a Wasserstein GAN combined with a new reverse mask operator, namely Reverse Masking Network (R-MNet ...

Abstract	Facial image inpainting is a problem that is widely studied, and in recent years the introduction of Generative Adversarial Networks, has led to improvements in the field. Unfortunately some issues persists, in particular when blending the missing pixels with the visible ones. We address the problem by proposing a Wasserstein GAN combined with a new reverse mask operator, namely Reverse Masking Network (R-MNet), a perceptual adversarial network for image inpainting. The reverse mask operator transfers the reverse masked image to the end of the encoder-decoder network leaving only valid pixels to be inpainted. Additionally, we propose a new loss function computed in feature space to target only valid pixels combined with adversarial training. These then capture data distributions and generate images similar to those in the training data with achieved realism (realistic and coherent) on the output images. We evaluate our method on publicly available dataset, and compare with state-of-the-art methods. We show that our method is able to generalize to high-resolution inpainting task, and further show more realistic outputs that are plausible to the human visual system when compared with the state-of-the-art methods. Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2020-08-11
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Polygenic risk prediction: why and when out-of-sample prediction R

Wang, Xiaotong / Walker, Alicia / Revez, Joana A / Ni, Guiyan / Adams, Mark J / McIntosh, Andrew M / Visscher, Peter M / Wray, Naomi R

American journal of human genetics

2023 Volume 110, Issue 7, Page(s) 1207–1215

Abstract: In polygenic score (PGS) analysis, the coefficient of determination (R ...

Abstract	In polygenic score (PGS) analysis, the coefficient of determination (R
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics ; Phenotype ; Computer Simulation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	219384-x
ISSN	1537-6605 ; 0002-9297
ISSN (online)	1537-6605
ISSN	0002-9297
DOI	10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.06.006
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Article ; Online: Improved GNSS-R Altimetry Methods

Oriol Cervelló i Nogués / Joan Francesc Munoz-Martin / Hyuk Park / Adriano Camps / Raul Onrubia / Daniel Pascual / Christoph Rüdiger / Jeffrey P. Walker / Alessandra Monerris

Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4186, p

Theory and Experimental Demonstration Using Airborne Dual Frequency Data from the Microwave Interferometric Reflectometer (MIR)

2021 Volume 4186

Abstract: Altimetric performance of Global Navigation Satellite System - Reflectometry (GNSS-R) instruments ... the altimetric observables using GNSS-R. A proposed novel method, the Peak-to-Minimum of the 3rd Derivative (P ... methods, bands and GNSS-R processing techniques show that centimeter level accuracy can be achieved. ...

Abstract	Altimetric performance of Global Navigation Satellite System - Reflectometry (GNSS-R) instruments depends on receiver’s bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The altimetric delay is usually computed from the time difference between the peak of the direct signal waveform and the maximum of the derivative of the reflected signal waveform. Dual-frequency data gathered by the airborne Microwave Interferometric Reflectometer (MIR) in the Bass Strait, between Australia and Tasmania, suggest that this approach is only valid for flat surfaces and large bandwidth receivers. This work analyses different methods to compute the altimetric observables using GNSS-R. A proposed novel method, the Peak-to-Minimum of the 3rd Derivative (P-Min3D) for narrow-band codes (e.g., L1 C/A), and the Peak-to-Half Power (P-HP) for large bandwidth codes (e.g., L5 or E5a codes) show improved performance when using real data. Both methods are also compared to the Peak-to-Peak (P-P) and Peak-to-Maximum of the 1st Derivative (P-Max1D) methods. The key difference between these methods is the determination of the delay position in the reflected signal waveform in order to compute the altimetric observable. Airborne experimental results comparing the different methods, bands and GNSS-R processing techniques show that centimeter level accuracy can be achieved.
Keywords	cGNSS-R and iGNSS-R ; dual band ; bandwidth ; coherent integration time ; ocean altimetry ; sea surface height ; Science ; Q
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: rWCVP: a companion R package for the World Checklist of Vascular Plants

Brown, Matilda J. M. / Walker, Barnaby E. / Black, Nicholas / Govaerts, Rafaël H. A. / Ondo, Ian / Turner, Robert / Nic Lughadha, Eimear

New Phytologist. 2023 Nov., v. 240, no. 4 p.1355-1365

2023

Abstract: ... we present rWCVP, an open‐source R package that aims to facilitate the use of the WCVP by providing clear ...

Abstract	The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) is an extremely valuable resource that is being used to address many fundamental and applied questions in plant science, conservation, ecology and evolution. However, databases of this size require data manipulation skills that pose a barrier to many potential users. Here, we present rWCVP, an open‐source R package that aims to facilitate the use of the WCVP by providing clear, intuitive functions to execute many common tasks. These functions include taxonomic name reconciliation, geospatial integration, mapping and generation of multiple different summaries of the WCVP in both data and report format. We have included extensive documentation and tutorials, providing step‐by‐step guides that are accessible even to users with minimal programming experience. rWCVP is available on cran and GitHub.
Keywords	databases ; ecology ; evolution ; planting ; vascular plants
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-11
Size	p. 1355-1365.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	208885-x
ISSN	1469-8137 ; 0028-646X
ISSN (online)	1469-8137
ISSN	0028-646X
DOI	10.1111/nph.18919
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The outstanding scientist, R.A. Fisher: his views on eugenics and race.

Bodmer, Walter / Bailey, R A / Charlesworth, Brian / Eyre-Walker, Adam / Farewell, Vernon / Mead, Andrew / Senn, Stephen

Heredity

2021 Volume 126, Issue 4, Page(s) 565–576

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Eugenics ; History, 20th Century ; Mustelidae
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2423-5
ISSN	1365-2540 ; 0018-067X
ISSN (online)	1365-2540
ISSN	0018-067X
DOI	10.1038/s41437-020-00394-6
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Article ; Online: Epidemiological trends and susceptibility patterns of bloodstream infections caused by Enterococcus spp. in six German university hospitals: a prospectively evaluated multicentre cohort study from 2016 to 2020 of the R-Net study group.

Hornuss, Daniel / Göpel, Siri / Walker, Sarah V / Tobys, David / Häcker, Georg / Seifert, Harald / Higgins, Paul G / Xanthopoulou, Kyriaki / Gladstone, Beryl Primrose / Cattaneo, Chiara / Mischnik, Alexander / Rohde, Anna M / Imirzalioglu, Can / Trauth, Janina / Fritzenwanker, Moritz / Falgenhauer, Jane / Gastmeier, Petra / Behnke, Michael / Kramme, Evelyn /

Käding, Nadja / Rupp, Jan / Peter, Silke / Schmauder, Kristina / Eisenbeis, Simone / Kern, Winfried V / Tacconelli, Evelina / Rieg, Siegbert

Infection

2024

Abstract: ... data from the multicentre R-NET study was analysed. Patients presenting with E. faecium or E. faecalis ...

Abstract	Purpose: To analyse recent epidemiological trends of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Enterococcus spp. In adult patients admitted to tertiary care centres in Germany. Methods: Epidemiological data from the multicentre R-NET study was analysed. Patients presenting with E. faecium or E. faecalis in blood cultures in six German tertiary care university hospitals between October 2016 and June 2020 were prospectively evaluated. In vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), the presence of vanA/vanB was confirmed via molecular methods. Results: In the 4-year study period, 3001 patients with BSI due to Enterococcus spp. were identified. E. faecium was detected in 1830 patients (61%) and E. faecalis in 1229 patients (41%). Most BSI occurred in (sub-) specialties of internal medicine. The pooled incidence density of enterococcal BSI increased significantly (4.0-4.5 cases per 10,000 patient days), which was primarily driven by VRE BSI (0.5 to 1.0 cases per 10,000 patient days). In 2020, the proportion of VRE BSI was > 12% in all study sites (range, 12.8-32.2%). Molecular detection of resistance in 363 VRE isolates showed a predominance of the vanB gene (77.1%). Conclusion: This large multicentre study highlights an increase of BSI due to E. faecium, which was primarily driven by VRE. The high rates of hospital- and ICU-acquired VRE BSI point towards an important role of prior antibiotic exposure and invasive procedures as risk factors. Due to limited treatment options and high mortality rates of VRE BSI, the increasing incidence of VRE BSI is of major concern.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	185104-4
ISSN	1439-0973 ; 0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
ISSN (online)	1439-0973
ISSN	0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
DOI	10.1007/s15010-024-02249-2
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Article ; Online: First Application of Mass Measurements with the Rare-RI Ring Reveals the Solar r-Process Abundance Trend at A=122 and A=123.

Li, H F / Naimi, S / Sprouse, T M / Mumpower, M R / Abe, Y / Yamaguchi, Y / Nagae, D / Suzaki, F / Wakasugi, M / Arakawa, H / Dou, W B / Hamakawa, D / Hosoi, S / Inada, Y / Kajiki, D / Kobayashi, T / Sakaue, M / Yokoda, Y / Yamaguchi, T /

Kagesawa, R / Kamioka, D / Moriguchi, T / Mukai, M / Ozawa, A / Ota, S / Kitamura, N / Masuoka, S / Michimasa, S / Baba, H / Fukuda, N / Shimizu, Y / Suzuki, H / Takeda, H / Ahn, D S / Wang, M / Fu, C Y / Wang, Q / Suzuki, S / Ge, Z / Litvinov, Yu A / Lorusso, G / Walker, P M / Podolyak, Zs / Uesaka, T

Physical review letters

2022 Volume 128, Issue 15, Page(s) 152701

Abstract: ... of the new ^{123}Pd result on the solar r-process abundances in a neutron star merger event is investigated ... by a factor of 2.6 leading to pileup of material at A=122, thus reproducing the trend of the solar r-process ... to the quenching of the N=82 shell gap to reproduce r-process abundances in the mass region of A=112-124. ...

Abstract	The Rare-RI Ring (R3) is a recently commissioned cyclotronlike storage ring mass spectrometer dedicated to mass measurements of exotic nuclei far from stability at Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF) in RIKEN. The first application of mass measurement using the R3 mass spectrometer at RIBF is reported. Rare isotopes produced at RIBF-^{127}Sn, ^{126}In, ^{125}Cd, ^{124}Ag, ^{123}Pd-were injected in R3. Masses of ^{126}In, ^{125}Cd, and ^{123}Pd were measured whereby the mass uncertainty of ^{123}Pd was improved. This is the first reported measurement with a new storage ring mass spectrometry technique realized at a heavy-ion cyclotron and employing individual injection of the preidentified rare nuclei. The latter is essential for the future mass measurements of the rarest isotopes produced at RIBF. The impact of the new ^{123}Pd result on the solar r-process abundances in a neutron star merger event is investigated by performing reaction network calculations of 20 trajectories with varying electron fraction Y_{e}. It is found that the neutron capture cross section on ^{123}Pd increases by a factor of 2.2 and β-delayed neutron emission probability, P_{1 n}, of ^{123}Rh increases by 14%. The neutron capture cross section on ^{122}Pd decreases by a factor of 2.6 leading to pileup of material at A=122, thus reproducing the trend of the solar r-process abundances. The trend of the two-neutron separation energies (S_{2n}) was investigated for the Pd isotopic chain. The new mass measurement with improved uncertainty excludes large changes of the S_{2n} value at N=77. Such large increase of the S_{2n} values before N=82 was proposed as an alternative to the quenching of the N=82 shell gap to reproduce r-process abundances in the mass region of A=112-124.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.152701
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