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Article ; Online: Psychosocial correlates of face-touching mitigation behaviors in public and private.

Yang, Jiahua / King, Andy J / Kemp, Deena / Mackert, Michael / Cahill, Alison G / Henson-García, Mike / Bouchacourt, Lindsay M

American journal of infection control

2022 Volume 50, Issue 7, Page(s) 834–837

Abstract: This study investigates psychosocial factors that influence people's face-touching mitigation behaviors. A nationwide survey was conducted online, and the results showed that perceived risk severity of touching face, and barriers and self-efficacy of not ...

Abstract	This study investigates psychosocial factors that influence people's face-touching mitigation behaviors. A nationwide survey was conducted online, and the results showed that perceived risk severity of touching face, and barriers and self-efficacy of not touching face were stable predictors. COVID-19 was related to a higher likelihood of mitigation behavior in public spaces. This study provides important implications to health communication and promotion for COVID-19 and general infection control.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/prevention & control ; Health Behavior ; Health Communication ; Humans ; Infection Control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	392362-9
ISSN	1527-3296 ; 0196-6553
ISSN (online)	1527-3296
ISSN	0196-6553
DOI	10.1016/j.ajic.2022.01.005
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Article ; Online: The informed consent form navigator

Jonathan P. Bona / Joseph Utecht / Aaron S. Kemp / Jennifer M. Gan / Alison Caballero / Christopher R. Trudeau / Mathias Brochhausen / Laura James

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol

a tool for producing readable and compliant consent documents

2023 Volume 7

Abstract: Abstract Background/Objective Informed consent forms (ICFs) and practices vary widely across institutions. This project expands on previous work at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Center for Health Literacy to develop a plain ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background/Objective Informed consent forms (ICFs) and practices vary widely across institutions. This project expands on previous work at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Center for Health Literacy to develop a plain language ICF template. Our interdisciplinary team of researchers, comprised of biomedical informaticists, health literacy experts, and stakeholders in the Institutional Review Board (IRB) process, has developed the ICF Navigator, a novel tool to facilitate the creation of plain language ICFs that comply with all relevant regulatory requirements. Methods: Our team first developed requirements for the ICF Navigator tool. The tool was then implemented by a technical team of informaticists and software developers, in consultation with an informed consent legal expert. We developed and formalized a detailed knowledge map modeling regulatory requirements for ICFs, which drives workflows within the tool. Results: The ICF Navigator is a web-based tool that guides researchers through creating an ICF as they answer questions about their project. The navigator uses those responses to produce a clear and compliant ICF, displaying a real-time preview of the final form as content is added. Versioning and edits can be tracked to facilitate collaborative revisions by the research team and communication with the IRB. The navigator helps guide the creation of study-specific language, ensures compliance with regulatory requirements, and ensures that the resulting ICF is easy to read and understand. Conclusion: The ICF Navigator is an innovative, customizable, open-source software tool that helps researchers produce custom readable and compliant ICFs for research studies involving human subjects.
Keywords	Informed consent ; research informatics ; health literacy ; health equity ; tool development ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Identifying cerebral palsy from routinely-collected data in England and Wales.

Carter, Bethan / Verity Bennett, C / Bethel, Jackie / Jones, Hywel M / Wang, Ting / Kemp, Alison

Clinical epidemiology

2019 Volume 11, Page(s) 457–468

Abstract: Purpose: ...

Abstract	Purpose:
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-05
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2494772-6
ISSN	1179-1349
ISSN	1179-1349
DOI	10.2147/CLEP.S200748
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Clinical care of childhood sexual abuse: a systematic review and critical appraisal of guidelines from European countries.

Otterman, Gabriel / Nurmatov, Ulugbek B / Akhlaq, Ather / Korhonen, Laura / Kemp, Alison M / Naughton, Aideen / Chalumeau, Martin / Jud, Andreas / Vollmer Sandholm, Mary Jo / Mora-Theuer, Eva / Moultrie, Sarah / Lamela, Diogo / Tagiyeva-Milne, Nara / Nelson, Joanne / Greenbaum, Jordan

The Lancet regional health. Europe

2024 Volume 39, Page(s) 100868

Abstract: Background: The clinical management of Child sexual abuse (CSA) demands specialised skills from healthcare professionals due to its sensitivity, legal implications, and serious physical health and mental health effects. Standardised, comprehensive ... ...

Abstract	Background: The clinical management of Child sexual abuse (CSA) demands specialised skills from healthcare professionals due to its sensitivity, legal implications, and serious physical health and mental health effects. Standardised, comprehensive clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) may be pivotal. In this systematic review, we examined existing CSA national CPGs (NCPGs) from European countries to assess their quality and reporting. Methods: We systematically searched six international databases and multiple grey literature sources, reporting by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards. Eligible guidelines were CSA guidance from national health agencies or societies in 34 COST Action 19106 Network Countries (CANC), published between January 2012 and November 2022. Two independent researchers searched, screened, reviewed, and extracted data. NCPGs were compared for completeness with reference WHO 2017 and 2019 guidelines. We used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) to appraise quality and reporting. Findings: Of 2919 records identified by database searches, none met inclusion criteria. Of 4714 records identified by other methods, 24 NCPGs from 17 (50%) of CANC countries were included. In 17 (50%) of eligible countries, no NCPGs were found. Content varied significantly within and between countries. NCPGs lacked many components in state-of-the art clinical practice compared to WHO reference standards, particularly in safety and risk assessment, interactions with caregivers, and mental health interventions. Appraisal by AGREE II revealed shortcomings in NCPG development, regarding scientific rigour, stakeholder involvement, implementation and evaluation. Interpretation: A notable number of European countries lack an NCPG; existing NCPGs often fall short. The healthcare response to CSA in Europe requires a coordinated approach to develop and implement high-quality CPGs. We advocate for a multidisciplinary team to develop a pan-European CSA guideline to ensure quality care for survivors. Funding: Funding was provided by the International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-7762
ISSN (online)	2666-7762
DOI	10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100868
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Article ; Online: The informed consent form navigator: a tool for producing readable and compliant consent documents.

Bona, Jonathan P / Utecht, Joseph / Kemp, Aaron S / Gan, Jennifer M / Caballero, Alison / Trudeau, Christopher R / Brochhausen, Mathias / James, Laura

Journal of clinical and translational science

2022 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) e3

Abstract: Background/objective: Informed consent forms (ICFs) and practices vary widely across institutions. This project expands on previous work at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Center for Health Literacy to develop a plain language ICF ...

Abstract	Background/objective: Informed consent forms (ICFs) and practices vary widely across institutions. This project expands on previous work at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Center for Health Literacy to develop a plain language ICF template. Our interdisciplinary team of researchers, comprised of biomedical informaticists, health literacy experts, and stakeholders in the Institutional Review Board (IRB) process, has developed the ICF Navigator, a novel tool to facilitate the creation of plain language ICFs that comply with all relevant regulatory requirements. Methods: Our team first developed requirements for the ICF Navigator tool. The tool was then implemented by a technical team of informaticists and software developers, in consultation with an informed consent legal expert. We developed and formalized a detailed knowledge map modeling regulatory requirements for ICFs, which drives workflows within the tool. Results: The ICF Navigator is a web-based tool that guides researchers through creating an ICF as they answer questions about their project. The navigator uses those responses to produce a clear and compliant ICF, displaying a real-time preview of the final form as content is added. Versioning and edits can be tracked to facilitate collaborative revisions by the research team and communication with the IRB. The navigator helps guide the creation of study-specific language, ensures compliance with regulatory requirements, and ensures that the resulting ICF is easy to read and understand. Conclusion: The ICF Navigator is an innovative, customizable, open-source software tool that helps researchers produce custom readable and compliant ICFs for research studies involving human subjects.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2059-8661
ISSN (online)	2059-8661
DOI	10.1017/cts.2022.507
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the efficacy and impact of a clinical prediction tool to identify maltreatment associated with children's burns.

Hollen, Linda / Bennett, Verity / Nuttall, Dianne / Emond, Alan M / Kemp, Alison

BMJ paediatrics open

2021 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) e000796

Abstract: Background: An estimated 10%-24% of children attending emergency departments with a burn are maltreated.: Objective: To test whether a clinical prediction tool (Burns Risk assessment for Neglect or abuse Tool; BuRN-Tool) improved the recognition of ... ...

Abstract	Background: An estimated 10%-24% of children attending emergency departments with a burn are maltreated. Objective: To test whether a clinical prediction tool (Burns Risk assessment for Neglect or abuse Tool; BuRN-Tool) improved the recognition of maltreatment and increased the referral of high-risk children to safeguarding services for assessment. Methods: A prospective study of children presenting with burns to four UK hospitals (2015-2018), each centre providing a minimum of 200 cases before and after the introduction of the BuRN-Tool. The proportions of children referred to safeguarding services were compared preintervention and postintervention, and the relationship between referral and the recommended cut-off for concern (BuRN-Tool score (BT-score) ≥3) was explored. Results: The sample was 2443 children (median age 2 years). Nurses and junior doctors mainly completed the BuRN-Tool, and a BT-score was available for 90.8% of cases. After intervention, 28.4% (334/1174) had a BT-score ≥3 and were nearly five times more likely to be discussed with a senior clinician than those with a BT-score <3 (65.3% vs 13.4%, p<0.001). There was no overall difference in the proportion of safeguarding referrals preintervention and postintervention. After intervention, the proportion of referrals for safeguarding concerns was greater when the BT-score was ≥3 (p=0.05) but not for scores <3 (p=0.60). A BT-score of 3 as a cut-off for referral had a sensitivity of 72.1, a specificity of 82.7 and a positive likelihood ratio of 4.2. Conclusions: A BT-score ≥3 encouraged discussion of cases of concern with senior colleagues and increased the referral of <5 year-olds with safeguarding concerns to children's social care.
MeSH term(s)	Burns/diagnosis ; Child ; Child Abuse/diagnosis ; Child, Preschool ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Referral and Consultation
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2399-9772
ISSN (online)	2399-9772
DOI	10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000796
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Abusive head trauma: recognition and the essential investigation.

Kemp, Alison M

Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition

2011 Volume 96, Issue 6, Page(s) 202–208

Abstract: Abusive head trauma (AHT) affects one in 4000-5000 infants every year and is one of the most serious forms of physical child abuse that has a high associated mortality and morbidity. Differentiating this form of abuse from another potential cause of ... ...

Abstract	Abusive head trauma (AHT) affects one in 4000-5000 infants every year and is one of the most serious forms of physical child abuse that has a high associated mortality and morbidity. Differentiating this form of abuse from another potential cause of brain injury is of utmost importance to the welfare of the child concerned and it is essential that the condition is correctly diagnosed. This article describes the evidence base behind the associated historical, clinical and neuroradiological features of AHT and spinal injury in physical abuse and sets out an algorithm of essential investigations that should be performed in any infant or young child where AHT is suspected.
MeSH term(s)	Child Abuse/diagnosis ; Child Abuse/mortality ; Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnosis ; Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Pediatrics/education ; Pediatrics/standards ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Rib Fractures/diagnosis ; Rib Fractures/mortality ; Spinal Injuries/diagnosis ; Spinal Injuries/mortality ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2148818-6
ISSN	1743-0593 ; 1743-0585
ISSN (online)	1743-0593
ISSN	1743-0585
DOI	10.1136/adc.2009.170449
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Potential impact of the validated Predicting Abusive Head Trauma (PredAHT) clinical prediction tool: A clinical vignette study.

Cowley, Laura E / Farewell, Daniel M / Kemp, Alison M

Child abuse & neglect

2018 Volume 86, Page(s) 184–196

Abstract: Background: The validated Predicting Abusive Head Trauma (PredAHT) tool estimates the probability of abusive head trauma (AHT) in children <3 years old with intracranial injury.: Objective: To explore the impact of PredAHT on clinicians' AHT ... ...

Abstract	Background: The validated Predicting Abusive Head Trauma (PredAHT) tool estimates the probability of abusive head trauma (AHT) in children <3 years old with intracranial injury. Objective: To explore the impact of PredAHT on clinicians' AHT probability estimates and child protection (CP) actions, and assess inter-rater agreement between their estimates and between their CP actions, before and after PredAHT. Participants and setting: Twenty-nine clinicians from different specialties, at teaching and community hospitals. Methods: Clinicians estimated the probability of AHT and indicated their CP actions in six clinical vignettes. One vignette described a child with AHT, another described a child with non-AHT, and four represented "gray" cases, where the diagnosis was uncertain. Clinicians calculated the PredAHT score, and reported whether this altered their estimate/actions. The 'think-aloud' method was used to capture the reasoning behind their responses. Analysis included linear modelling, linear mixed-effects modelling, chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, intraclass correlation, Gwet's AC Results: Overall, PredAHT significantly influenced clinicians' probability estimates in all vignettes (p < 0.001), although the impact on individual clinicians varied. However, the influence of PredAHT on clinicians' CP actions was limited; after using PredAHT, 9/29 clinicians changed their CP actions in only 11/174 instances. Clinicians' AHT probability estimates and CP actions varied somewhat both before and after PredAHT. Qualitative data suggested that PredAHT may increase clinicians' confidence in their decisions when considered alongside other associated clinical, historical and social factors. Conclusions: PredAHT significantly influenced clinicians' AHT probability estimates, but had minimal impact on their CP actions.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Child Abuse/diagnosis ; Child, Preschool ; Craniocerebral Trauma/etiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Linear Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Physical Abuse ; Probability
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	799143-5
ISSN	1873-7757 ; 0145-2134
ISSN (online)	1873-7757
ISSN	0145-2134
DOI	10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.09.017
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Article ; Online: Methodological standards for the development and evaluation of clinical prediction rules: a review of the literature.

Cowley, Laura E / Farewell, Daniel M / Maguire, Sabine / Kemp, Alison M

Diagnostic and prognostic research

2019 Volume 3, Page(s) 16

Abstract: Clinical prediction rules (CPRs) that predict the absolute risk of a clinical condition or future outcome for individual patients are abundant in the medical literature; however, systematic reviews have demonstrated shortcomings in the methodological ... ...

Abstract	Clinical prediction rules (CPRs) that predict the absolute risk of a clinical condition or future outcome for individual patients are abundant in the medical literature; however, systematic reviews have demonstrated shortcomings in the methodological quality and reporting of prediction studies. To maximise the potential and clinical usefulness of CPRs, they must be rigorously developed and validated, and their impact on clinical practice and patient outcomes must be evaluated. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the stages involved in the development, validation and evaluation of CPRs, and to describe in detail the methodological standards required at each stage, illustrated with examples where appropriate. Important features of the study design, statistical analysis, modelling strategy, data collection, performance assessment, CPR presentation and reporting are discussed, in addition to other, often overlooked aspects such as the acceptability, cost-effectiveness and longer-term implementation of CPRs, and their comparison with clinical judgement. Although the development and evaluation of a robust, clinically useful CPR is anything but straightforward, adherence to the plethora of methodological standards, recommendations and frameworks at each stage will assist in the development of a rigorous CPR that has the potential to contribute usefully to clinical practice and decision-making and have a positive impact on patient care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2397-7523
ISSN (online)	2397-7523
DOI	10.1186/s41512-019-0060-y
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Article ; Online: To what extent are GCS and AVPU equivalent to each other when assessing the level of consciousness of children with head injury? A cross-sectional study of UK hospital admissions.

Nuttall, Amy Gl / Paton, Katie M / Kemp, Alison M

BMJ open

2018 Volume 8, Issue 11, Page(s) e023216

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate utility and equivalence of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and the Alert, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive (AVPU) scale in children with head injury.: Design: Cross sectional study.: Setting: UK hospital admissions: September 2009- ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate utility and equivalence of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and the Alert, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive (AVPU) scale in children with head injury. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: UK hospital admissions: September 2009-February 2010. Patients: <15 years with head injury. Interventions: GCS and/or AVPU at injury scene and in emergency departments (ED). Main outcome: Measures used, the equivalence of AVPU to GCS, GCS at the scene predicting GCS in ED, CT results by age, hospital type. Results: Level of consciousness was recorded in 91% (5168/5700) in ED (43%: GCS/30.5%: GCS+AVPU/17.3%: AVPU) and 66.1% (1190/1801) prehospital (33%: GCS/26%GCS+AVPU/7%: AVPU). Failure to record level of consciousness and the use of AVPU were greatest for infants. Correlation between AVPU and median GCS in 1147 children <5 years: A=15, V=14, P=8, U=3, for 1163 children ≥5 years: A=15, V=13, P=11, U=3. There was no significant difference in the proportion of infants who had a CT whether AVPU=V/P/U or GCS<15. However diagnostic yield of intracranial injury or depressed fracture was significantly greater for V/P/U than GCS<15 :7/7: 100% (95% CI 64.6% to 100%) versus 5/17: 29.4% (95% CI 13.3% to 53.1%). For children >1 year significantly more had a CT scan when GCS<14 was recorded than 'V/P/U only' and the diagnostic yield was greater. Prehospital GCS and GCS in the ED were the same for 77.4% (705/911). Conclusion: There was a clear correlation between Alert and GCS=15 and between Unresponsive and GCS=3 but a wider range of GCS scores for responsive to Pain or Voice that varied with age. AVPU was valuable at initial assessment of infants and did not adversely affect the proportion of infants who had head CT or the diagnostic yield.
MeSH term(s)	Attention ; Brain Injuries/etiology ; Brain Injuries/pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Coma/diagnosis ; Coma/etiology ; Consciousness ; Consciousness Disorders/diagnosis ; Consciousness Disorders/etiology ; Craniocerebral Trauma/complications ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neurologic Examination/methods ; Pain ; Reaction Time ; Severity of Illness Index ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trauma Severity Indices ; United Kingdom ; Voice ; Wakefulness
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023216
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