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  1. Article ; Online: High-throughput drug screen identifies calcium and calmodulin inhibitors that reduce JCPyV infection.

    Bond, Avery C S / Crocker, Mason A / Wilczek, Michael P / DuShane, Jeanne K / Sandberg, Amanda L / Bennett, Lucas J / Leclerc, Nicholas R / Maginnis, Melissa S

    Antiviral research

    2024  Volume 222, Page(s) 105817

    Abstract: JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that infects the majority of the population. Immunocompetent individuals harbor infection in their kidneys, while severe immunosuppression can result in JCPyV spread to the brain, ... ...

    Abstract JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that infects the majority of the population. Immunocompetent individuals harbor infection in their kidneys, while severe immunosuppression can result in JCPyV spread to the brain, causing the neurodegenerative disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Due to a lack of approved therapies to treat JCPyV and PML, the disease results in rapid deterioration, and is often fatal. In order to identify potential antiviral treatments for JCPyV, a high-throughput, large-scale drug screen was performed using the National Institutes of Health Clinical Collection (NCC). Drugs from the NCC were tested for inhibitory effects on JCPyV infection, and drugs from various classes that reduced JCPyV infection were identified, including receptor agonists and antagonists, calcium signaling modulators, and enzyme inhibitors. Given the role of calcium signaling in viral infection including Merkel cell polyomavirus and simian virus 40 polyomavirus (SV40), calcium signaling inhibitors were further explored for the capacity to impact JCPyV infection. Calcium and calmodulin inhibitors trifluoperazine (TFP), W-7, tetrandrine, and nifedipine reduced JCPyV infection, and TFP specifically reduced viral internalization. Additionally, TFP and W-7 reduced infection by BK polyomavirus, SV40, and SARS-CoV-2. These results highlight specific inhibitors, some FDA-approved, for the possible treatment and prevention of JCPyV and several other viruses, and further illuminate the calcium and calmodulin pathway as a potential target for antiviral drug development.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Calcium ; Calmodulin ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/drug therapy ; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/genetics ; Polyomavirus Infections ; JC Virus/genetics ; Simian virus 40 ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Sulfonamides
    Chemical Substances Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Calmodulin ; W 7 (65595-90-6) ; Antiviral Agents ; Sulfonamides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 306628-9
    ISSN 1872-9096 ; 0166-3542
    ISSN (online) 1872-9096
    ISSN 0166-3542
    DOI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105817
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: High-Throughput Characterization of Viral and Cellular Protein Expression Patterns During JC Polyomavirus Infection.

    DuShane, Jeanne K / Wilczek, Michael P / Crocker, Mason A / Maginnis, Melissa S

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2019  Volume 10, Page(s) 783

    Abstract: JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a ubiquitous human pathogen and the causative agent of a fatal demyelinating disease in severely immunocompromised individuals. Due to the lack of successful pharmacological interventions, the study of JCPyV infection ... ...

    Abstract JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a ubiquitous human pathogen and the causative agent of a fatal demyelinating disease in severely immunocompromised individuals. Due to the lack of successful pharmacological interventions, the study of JCPyV infection strategies in a rapid and highly sensitive manner is critical for the characterization of potential antiviral therapeutics. Conventional methodologies for studying viral infectivity often utilize the detection of viral proteins through immunofluorescence microscopy-based techniques. While these methodologies are well established in the field, they require significant time investments and lack a high-throughput modality. Scanning imager-based detection methods like the In-cell Western (ICW)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00783
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Lipodystrophy in methylmalonic acidemia associated with elevated FGF21 and abnormal methylmalonylation.

    Manoli, Irini / Sysol, Justin R / Head, PamelaSara E / Epping, Madeline W / Gavrilova, Oksana / Crocker, Melissa K / Sloan, Jennifer L / Koutsoukos, Stefanos A / Wang, Cindy / Ktena, Yiouli P / Mendelson, Sophia / Pass, Alexandra R / Zerfas, Patricia M / Hoffmann, Victoria / Vernon, Hilary J / Fletcher, Laura A / Reynolds, James C / Tsokos, Maria G / Stratakis, Constantine A /
    Voss, Stephan D / Chen, Kong Y / Brown, Rebecca J / Hamosh, Ada / Berry, Gerard T / Chen, Xiaoyuan Shawn / Yanovski, Jack A / Venditti, Charles P

    JCI insight

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 4

    Abstract: A distinct adipose tissue distribution pattern was observed in patients with methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency, an inborn error of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism, characterized by centripetal obesity with proximal upper and lower extremity ...

    Abstract A distinct adipose tissue distribution pattern was observed in patients with methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency, an inborn error of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism, characterized by centripetal obesity with proximal upper and lower extremity fat deposition and paucity of visceral fat, that resembles familial multiple lipomatosis syndrome. To explore brown and white fat physiology in methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), body composition, adipokines, and inflammatory markers were assessed in 46 patients with MMA and 99 matched controls. Fibroblast growth factor 21 levels were associated with acyl-CoA accretion, aberrant methylmalonylation in adipose tissue, and an attenuated inflammatory cytokine profile. In parallel, brown and white fat were examined in a liver-specific transgenic MMA mouse model (Mmut-/- TgINS-Alb-Mmut). The MMA mice exhibited abnormal nonshivering thermogenesis with whitened brown fat and had an ineffective transcriptional response to cold stress. Treatment of the MMA mice with bezafibrates led to clinical improvement with beiging of subcutaneous fat depots, which resembled the distribution seen in the patients. These studies defined what we believe to be a novel lipodystrophy phenotype in patients with defects in the terminal steps of BCAA oxidation and demonstrated that beiging of subcutaneous adipose tissue in MMA could readily be induced with small molecules.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/complications ; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics ; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Lipodystrophy ; Mice, Transgenic
    Chemical Substances fibroblast growth factor 21 ; Fibroblast Growth Factors (62031-54-3) ; FGF21 protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2379-3708
    ISSN (online) 2379-3708
    DOI 10.1172/jci.insight.174097
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Pediatric obesity: etiology and treatment.

    Crocker, Melissa K / Yanovski, Jack A

    Pediatric clinics of North America

    2011  Volume 58, Issue 5, Page(s) 1217–40, xi

    Abstract: This article reviews factors that contribute to excessive weight gain in children and outlines current knowledge regarding approaches for treating pediatric obesity. Most of the known genetic causes of obesity primarily increase energy intake. Genes ... ...

    Abstract This article reviews factors that contribute to excessive weight gain in children and outlines current knowledge regarding approaches for treating pediatric obesity. Most of the known genetic causes of obesity primarily increase energy intake. Genes regulating the leptin signaling pathway are particularly important for human energy homeostasis. Obesity is a chronic disorder that requires long-term strategies for management. The foundation for all treatments for pediatric obesity remains restriction of energy intake with lifestyle modification. There are few long-term studies of pharmacotherapeutic interventions for pediatric obesity. Bariatric surgical approaches are the most efficacious treatment but, because of their potential risks, are reserved for those with the most significant complications of obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use ; Bariatric Surgery ; Behavior Therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Endocrine System Diseases/complications ; Environment ; Exercise ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/complications ; Humans ; Life Style ; Metabolic Diseases/complications ; Obesity/etiology ; Obesity/genetics ; Obesity/metabolism ; Obesity/therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Obesity Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 215711-1
    ISSN 1557-8240 ; 0031-3955
    ISSN (online) 1557-8240
    ISSN 0031-3955
    DOI 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.07.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Germline polymorphisms in

    Scheurer, Michael E / Zhou, Renke / Gilbert, Mark R / Bondy, Melissa L / Sulman, Erik P / Yuan, Ying / Liu, Yanhong / Vera, Elizabeth / Wendland, Merideth M / Youssef, Emad F / Stieber, Volker W / Komaki, Ritsuko R / Flickinger, John C / Kenyon, Lawrence C / Robins, H Ian / Hunter, Grant K / Crocker, Ian R / Chao, Samuel T / Pugh, Stephanie L /
    Armstrong, Terri S

    Neuro-oncology advances

    2022  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) vdac152

    Abstract: Background: We sought to identify clinical and genetic predictors of temozolomide-related myelotoxicity among patients receiving therapy for glioblastoma.: Methods: Patients (: Results: 23% of patients developed myelotoxicity (: Conclusions: ... ...

    Abstract Background: We sought to identify clinical and genetic predictors of temozolomide-related myelotoxicity among patients receiving therapy for glioblastoma.
    Methods: Patients (
    Results: 23% of patients developed myelotoxicity (
    Conclusions: Myelotoxicity during concurrent chemoradiation with temozolomide is an uncommon but serious event, often leading to treatment cessation. Successful prediction of toxicity may lead to more cost-effective individualized monitoring of at-risk subjects. The addition of genetic factors greatly enhanced our ability to predict toxicity among a group of similarly treated glioblastoma patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3009682-0
    ISSN 2632-2498 ; 2632-2498
    ISSN (online) 2632-2498
    ISSN 2632-2498
    DOI 10.1093/noajnl/vdac152
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Treatment of paediatric hyperthyroidism but not hypothyroidism has a significant effect on weight.

    Crocker, Melissa K / Kaplowitz, Paul

    Clinical endocrinology

    2010  Volume 73, Issue 6, Page(s) 752–759

    Abstract: Objective: Thyroid hormones are involved in metabolic regulation, but the degree to which they affect body weight and body mass index (BMI) in children is unclear. We examined the effect of hypo- and hyperthyroidism on weight and BMI at the time of ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Thyroid hormones are involved in metabolic regulation, but the degree to which they affect body weight and body mass index (BMI) in children is unclear. We examined the effect of hypo- and hyperthyroidism on weight and BMI at the time of diagnosis and after appropriate treatment.
    Design: Prospective and retrospective case series.
    Patients: Children referred for thyroid dysfunction were enrolled prospectively if their total or free T4 was elevated with TSH <0·05 mIU/ml (N = 57) or if they had a subnormal total or free T4 and TSH >20 (N = 29).
    Results: Almost all patients had at least 2 classic signs or symptoms including goitre, but hyperthyroid patients had more symptoms. Mean BMI z scores at the time of diagnosis did not significantly differ between the two groups. Males with hyperthyroidism complained of weight loss more frequently and had a lower pretreatment BMI z score than hyperthyroid females. Hypothyroid patients lost a minimal amount of weight by the first follow-up (mean of 0·3 kg) and on average gained weight by the second follow-up visit. In contrast hyperthyroid patients gained a mean of 3·4 kg at the first follow-up visit and a mean of 7·1 kg by the second.
    Conclusions: Correction of hypothyroidism resulted in minimal weight loss, suggesting that hypothyroidism does not cause significant weight gain in children. In contrast, correction of the hyperthyroid state had a somewhat greater impact on weight status. These results are consistent with prior reports but surprising given the opposite metabolic effects of hypo- and hyperthyroidism.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism/physiopathology ; Hypothyroidism/physiopathology ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Weight Loss/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-09-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 121745-8
    ISSN 1365-2265 ; 0300-0664
    ISSN (online) 1365-2265
    ISSN 0300-0664
    DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2010.03877.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Pediatric obesity: etiology and treatment.

    Crocker, Melissa K / Yanovski, Jack A

    Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America

    2009  Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 525–548

    Abstract: This article reviews factors that contribute to excessive weight gain in children and outlines current knowledge regarding approaches for treating pediatric obesity. Most of the known genetic causes of obesity primarily increase energy intake. Genes ... ...

    Abstract This article reviews factors that contribute to excessive weight gain in children and outlines current knowledge regarding approaches for treating pediatric obesity. Most of the known genetic causes of obesity primarily increase energy intake. Genes regulating the leptin signaling pathway are particularly important for human energy homeostasis. Obesity is a chronic disorder that requires long-term strategies for management. The foundation for all treatments for pediatric obesity remains restriction of energy intake with lifestyle modification. There are few long-term studies of pharmacotherapeutic interventions for pediatric obesity. Bariatric surgical approaches are the most efficacious treatment but, because of their potential risks, are reserved for those with the most significant complications of obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endocrine System Diseases/complications ; Endocrine System Diseases/therapy ; Humans ; Obesity/etiology ; Obesity/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-02-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 92116-6
    ISSN 1558-4410 ; 0889-8529
    ISSN (online) 1558-4410
    ISSN 0889-8529
    DOI 10.1016/j.ecl.2009.06.007
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  8. Article ; Online: Use of aromatase inhibitors in large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumors: effects on gynecomastia, growth velocity, and bone age.

    Crocker, Melissa K / Gourgari, Evgenia / Lodish, Maya / Stratakis, Constantine A

    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism

    2014  Volume 99, Issue 12, Page(s) E2673–80

    Abstract: Context: Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumors (LCCSCT) present in isolation or, especially in children, in association with Carney Complex (CNC) or Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS). These tumors overexpress aromatase (CYP19A1), which leads to increased ...

    Abstract Context: Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumors (LCCSCT) present in isolation or, especially in children, in association with Carney Complex (CNC) or Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS). These tumors overexpress aromatase (CYP19A1), which leads to increased conversion of delta-4-androstenedione to estrone and testosterone to estradiol. Prepubertal boys may present with growth acceleration, advanced bone age, and gynecomastia.
    Objective: To investigate the outcomes of aromatase inhibitor therapy (AIT) in prepubertal boys with LCCSCTs.
    Design: Case series of a very rare tumor and chart review of cases treated at other institutions.
    Setting: Tertiary care and referral center.
    Patients: Six boys, five with PJS and one with CNC, were referred to the National Institutes of Health for treatment of LCCSCT. All patients had gynecomastia, testicular enlargement, and advanced bone ages, and were being treated by their referring physicians with AIT.
    Interventions: Patients were treated for a total of 6-60 months on AIT.
    Main outcome measures: Height, breast tissue mass, and testicular size were all followed; physical examination, scrotal ultrasounds, and bone ages were obtained, and hormonal concentrations and tumor markers were measured.
    Results: Tumor markers were negative. All patients had decreases in breast tissue while on therapy. Height percentiles declined, and predicted adult height moved closer to midparental height as bone age advancement slowed. Testicular enlargement stabilized until entry into central puberty. Only one patient required unilateral orchiectomy.
    Conclusions: Patients with LCCSCT benefit from AIT with reduction and/or elimination of gynecomastia and slowing of linear growth and bone age advancement. Further study of long-term outcomes and safety monitoring are needed but these preliminary data suggest that mammoplasty and/or orchiectomy may be foregone in light of the availability of medical therapy.
    MeSH term(s) Anastrozole ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Aromatase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Bone Development/drug effects ; Calcinosis/drug therapy ; Calcinosis/pathology ; Carney Complex/genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Growth/drug effects ; Gynecomastia/drug therapy ; Gynecomastia/etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Letrozole ; Male ; Nitriles/therapeutic use ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome/genetics ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics ; Sertoli Cell Tumor/complications ; Sertoli Cell Tumor/drug therapy ; Sertoli Cell Tumor/pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Triazoles/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Aromatase Inhibitors ; Nitriles ; Triazoles ; Anastrozole (2Z07MYW1AZ) ; Letrozole (7LKK855W8I) ; STK11 protein, human (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 3029-6
    ISSN 1945-7197 ; 0021-972X
    ISSN (online) 1945-7197
    ISSN 0021-972X
    DOI 10.1210/jc.2014-2530
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The role of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor-mediated homeobox gene expression in human placental apoptosis, and its implications in idiopathic fetal growth restriction.

    Harris, Lynda K / Pantham, Priyadarshini / Yong, Hannah E J / Pratt, Anita / Borg, Anthony J / Crocker, Ian / Westwood, Melissa / Aplin, John / Kalionis, Bill / Murthi, Padma

    Molecular human reproduction

    2019  Volume 25, Issue 9, Page(s) 572–585

    Abstract: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is caused by poor placental development and function early in gestation. It is well known that placentas from women with FGR exhibit reduced cell growth, elevated levels of apoptosis and perturbed expression of the growth ... ...

    Abstract Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is caused by poor placental development and function early in gestation. It is well known that placentas from women with FGR exhibit reduced cell growth, elevated levels of apoptosis and perturbed expression of the growth factors, cytokines and the homeobox gene family of transcription factors. Previous studies have reported that insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF2) interacts with its receptor-2 (IGF2R) to regulate villous trophoblast survival and apoptosis. In this study, we hypothesized that human placental IGF2R-mediated homeobox gene expression is altered in FGR and contributes to abnormal trophoblast function. This study was designed to determine the association between IGF2R, homeobox gene expression and cell survival in pregnancies affected by FGR. Third trimester placentas were collected from FGR-affected pregnancies (n = 29) and gestation matched with control pregnancies (n = 30). Functional analyses were then performed in vitro using term placental explants (n = 4) and BeWo trophoblast cells. mRNA expression was determined by real-time PCR, while protein expression was examined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. siRNA transfection was used to silence IGF2R expression in placental explants and the BeWo cell-line. cDNA arrays were used to screen for downstream targets of IGF2R, specifically homeobox gene transcription factors and apoptosis-related genes. Functional effects of silencing IGF2R were then verified by β-hCG ELISA, caspase activity assays and a real-time electrical cell-impedance assay for differentiation, apoptosis and cell growth potential, respectively. IGF2R expression was significantly decreased in placentas from pregnancies complicated by idiopathic FGR (P < 0.05 versus control). siRNA-mediated IGF2R knockdown in term placental explants and the trophoblast cell line BeWo resulted in altered expression of homeobox gene transcription factors, including increased expression of distal-less homeobox gene 5 (DLX5), and decreased expression of H2.0-Like Homeobox 1 (HLX) (P < 0.05 versus control). Knockdown of IGF2R transcription increased the expression and activity of caspase-6 and caspase-8 in placental explants, decreased BeWo proliferation and increased BeWo differentiation (all P < 0.05 compared to respective controls). This is the first study linking IGF2R placental expression with changes in the expression of homeobox genes that control cellular signalling pathways responsible for increased trophoblast cell apoptosis, which is a characteristic feature of FGR.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Apoptosis/genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Line ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation/genetics ; Fetal Growth Retardation/pathology ; Gene Expression ; Genes, Homeobox ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Placenta/metabolism ; Placenta/pathology ; Placentation/genetics ; Pregnancy ; Receptor, IGF Type 2/physiology
    Chemical Substances Homeodomain Proteins ; IGF2R protein, human ; Receptor, IGF Type 2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1324348-2
    ISSN 1460-2407 ; 1360-9947
    ISSN (online) 1460-2407
    ISSN 1360-9947
    DOI 10.1093/molehr/gaz047
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  10. Article ; Online: The HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate DHES0815A in advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer: preclinical characterization and phase 1 trial results.

    Lewis, Gail D / Li, Guangmin / Guo, Jun / Yu, Shang-Fan / Fields, Carter T / Lee, Genee / Zhang, Donglu / Dragovich, Peter S / Pillow, Thomas / Wei, BinQing / Sadowsky, Jack / Leipold, Douglas / Wilson, Tim / Kamath, Amrita / Mamounas, Michael / Lee, M Violet / Saad, Ola / Choeurng, Voleak / Ungewickell, Alexander /
    Monemi, Sharareh / Crocker, Lisa / Kalinsky, Kevin / Modi, Shanu / Jung, Kyung Hae / Hamilton, Erika / LoRusso, Patricia / Krop, Ian / Schutten, Melissa M / Commerford, Renee / Sliwkowski, Mark X / Cho, Eunpi

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 466

    Abstract: Approved antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for HER2-positive breast cancer include trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan. To develop a differentiated HER2 ADC, we chose an antibody that does not compete with trastuzumab or pertuzumab for binding, ...

    Abstract Approved antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for HER2-positive breast cancer include trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan. To develop a differentiated HER2 ADC, we chose an antibody that does not compete with trastuzumab or pertuzumab for binding, conjugated to a reduced potency PBD (pyrrolobenzodiazepine) dimer payload. PBDs are potent cytotoxic agents that alkylate and cross-link DNA. In our study, the PBD dimer is modified to alkylate, but not cross-link DNA. This HER2 ADC, DHES0815A, demonstrates in vivo efficacy in models of HER2-positive and HER2-low cancers and is well-tolerated in cynomolgus monkey safety studies. Mechanisms of action include induction of DNA damage and apoptosis, activity in non-dividing cells, and bystander activity. A dose-escalation study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03451162) in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, with the primary objective of evaluating the safety and tolerability of DHES0815A and secondary objectives of characterizing the pharmacokinetics, objective response rate, duration of response, and formation of anti-DHES0815A antibodies, is reported herein. Despite early signs of anti-tumor activity, patients at higher doses develop persistent, non-resolvable dermal, ocular, and pulmonary toxicities, which led to early termination of the phase 1 trial.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Macaca fascicularis/genetics ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism ; Trastuzumab/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Immunoconjugates/pharmacology ; Immunoconjugates/therapeutic use ; DNA ; Benzodiazepines ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
    Chemical Substances DHES0815A ; Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Trastuzumab (P188ANX8CK) ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Immunoconjugates ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; Benzodiazepines (12794-10-4) ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase I ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-44533-z
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