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  1. Article ; Online: The role of gut barrier dysfunction in postoperative complications in liver transplantation: pathophysiological and therapeutic considerations.

    Assimakopoulos, Stelios F / Bhagani, Sanjay / Aggeletopoulou, Ioanna / Tsounis, Efthymios P / Tsochatzis, Emmanuel A

    Infection

    2024  

    Abstract: Purpose: Gut barrier dysfunction is a pivotal pathophysiological alteration in cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, which is further aggravated during and after the operational procedures for liver transplantation (LT). In this review, we analyze the ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Gut barrier dysfunction is a pivotal pathophysiological alteration in cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, which is further aggravated during and after the operational procedures for liver transplantation (LT). In this review, we analyze the multifactorial disruption of all major levels of defense of the gut barrier (biological, mechanical, and immunological) and correlate with clinical implications.
    Methods: A narrative review of the literature was performed using PubMed, PubMed Central and Google from inception until November 29th, 2023.
    Results: Systemic translocation of indigenous bacteria through this dysfunctional barrier contributes to the early post-LT infectious complications, while endotoxin translocation, through activation of the systemic inflammatory response, is implicated in non-infectious complications including renal dysfunction and graft rejection. Bacterial infections are the main cause of early in-hospital mortality of LT patients and unraveling the pathophysiology of gut barrier failure is of outmost importance.
    Conclusion: A pathophysiology-based approach to prophylactic or therapeutic interventions may lead to enhancement of gut barrier function eliminating its detrimental consequences and leading to better outcomes for LT patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-07
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 185104-4
    ISSN 1439-0973 ; 0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
    ISSN (online) 1439-0973
    ISSN 0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
    DOI 10.1007/s15010-024-02182-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: N-acetyl-cysteine may prevent COVID-19-associated cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

    Assimakopoulos, Stelios F / Marangos, Markos

    Medical hypotheses

    2020  Volume 140, Page(s) 109778

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 193145-3
    ISSN 1532-2777 ; 0306-9877
    ISSN (online) 1532-2777
    ISSN 0306-9877
    DOI 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109778
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Orbital Hydatid Cyst.

    Assimakopoulos, Stelios F / Marangos, Markos

    The New England journal of medicine

    2020  Volume 382, Issue 14, Page(s) 1352

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Animals ; Echinococcosis/diagnostic imaging ; Echinococcus granulosus/isolation & purification ; Exophthalmos/diagnostic imaging ; Exophthalmos/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Orbit/diagnostic imaging ; Orbit/parasitology ; Orbital Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Orbital Diseases/parasitology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMicm1911903
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Laboratory Surveillance of

    Spiliopoulou, Anastasia / Giannopoulou, Ioanna / Assimakopoulos, Stelios F / Jelastopulu, Eleni / Bartzavali, Christina / Marangos, Markos / Paliogianni, Fotini / Kolonitsiou, Fevronia

    Tropical medicine and infectious disease

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 11

    Abstract: Multidrug- ... ...

    Abstract Multidrug-resistant
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2414-6366
    ISSN (online) 2414-6366
    DOI 10.3390/tropicalmed8110503
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Efficacy of Fosfomycin-Containing Regimens for Treatment of Bacteremia Due to Pan-Drug Resistant

    Assimakopoulos, Stelios F / Karamouzos, Vassilis / Eleftheriotis, Gerasimos / Lagadinou, Maria / Bartzavali, Christina / Kolonitsiou, Fevronia / Paliogianni, Fotini / Fligou, Fotini / Marangos, Markos

    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 2

    Abstract: Acinetobacter ... ...

    Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens12020286
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Oral Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: The Role of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Risk Factor Stratification.

    Assimakopoulos, Stelios F / Maroulis, Ioannis / Triantos, Christos / Marangos, Markos

    Gastroenterology research

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 6, Page(s) 311–312

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-21
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2475913-2
    ISSN 1918-2813 ; 1918-2805
    ISSN (online) 1918-2813
    ISSN 1918-2805
    DOI 10.14740/gr1489
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Oral Antibiotics for Bacteremia and Infective Endocarditis: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.

    Eleftheriotis, Gerasimos / Marangos, Markos / Lagadinou, Maria / Bhagani, Sanjay / Assimakopoulos, Stelios F

    Microorganisms

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 12

    Abstract: Bacteremia and endocarditis are two clinical syndromes that, for decades, were managed exclusively with parenteral antimicrobials, irrespective of a given patient's clinical condition, causative pathogen, or its antibiotic susceptibility profile. This ... ...

    Abstract Bacteremia and endocarditis are two clinical syndromes that, for decades, were managed exclusively with parenteral antimicrobials, irrespective of a given patient's clinical condition, causative pathogen, or its antibiotic susceptibility profile. This clinical approach, however, was based on low-quality data and outdated expert opinions. When a patient's condition has improved, gastrointestinal absorption is not compromised, and an oral antibiotic regimen reaching adequate serum concentrations is available, a switch to oral antibacterials can be applied. Although available evidence has reduced the timing of the oral switch in bacteremia to three days/until clinical improvement, there are only scarce data regarding less than 10-day intravenous antibiotic therapy in endocarditis. Many standard or studied oral antimicrobial dosages are smaller than the approved doses for parenteral administration, which is a risk factor for treatment failure; in addition, the gastrointestinal barrier may affect drug bioavailability, especially when the causative pathogen has a minimum inhibitory concentration that is close to the susceptibility breakpoint. A considerable number of patients infected by such near-breakpoint strains may not be potential candidates for oral step-down therapy to non-highly bioavailable antibiotics like beta-lactams; different breakpoints should be determined for this setting. This review will focus on summarizing findings about pathogen-specific tailoring of oral step-down therapy for bacteremia and endocarditis, but will also present laboratory and clinical data about antibiotics such as beta-lactams, linezolid, and fosfomycin that should be studied more in order to elucidate their role and optimal dosage in this context.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms11123004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Vitamin D and Microbiome: Molecular Interaction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis.

    Aggeletopoulou, Ioanna / Marangos, Markos / Assimakopoulos, Stelios F / Mouzaki, Athanasia / Thomopoulos, Konstantinos / Triantos, Christos

    The American journal of pathology

    2023  Volume 193, Issue 6, Page(s) 656–668

    Abstract: Studies of systemic autoimmune diseases point to characteristic microbial patterns in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Autoimmune diseases, and IBD in particular, show a predisposition to vitamin D deficiency, leading to ... ...

    Abstract Studies of systemic autoimmune diseases point to characteristic microbial patterns in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Autoimmune diseases, and IBD in particular, show a predisposition to vitamin D deficiency, leading to alterations in the microbiome and disruption of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. This review examines the role of the gut microbiome in IBD and discusses how vitamin D-vitamin D receptor (VDR)-associated molecular signaling pathways contribute to the development and progression of IBD through their effects on gut barrier function, the microbial community, and immune system function. The present data demonstrate that vitamin D promotes the proper function of the innate immune system by acting as an immunomodulator, exerting anti-inflammatory effects, and critically contributing to the maintenance of gut barrier integrity and modulation of the gut microbiota, mechanisms that may influence the IBD development and progression. VDR regulates the biological effects of vitamin D and is related to environmental, genetic, immunologic, and microbial aspects of IBD. Vitamin D influences the distribution of the fecal microbiota, with high vitamin D levels associated with increased levels of beneficial bacterial species and lower levels of pathogenic bacteria. Understanding the cellular functions of vitamin D-VDR signaling in intestinal epithelial cells may pave the way for the development of new treatment strategies for the therapeutic armamentarium of IBD in the near future.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Vitamin D/metabolism ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Signal Transduction ; Autoimmune Diseases
    Chemical Substances Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2943-9
    ISSN 1525-2191 ; 0002-9440
    ISSN (online) 1525-2191
    ISSN 0002-9440
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.02.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Oral Antibiotics for Bacteremia and Infective Endocarditis

    Gerasimos Eleftheriotis / Markos Marangos / Maria Lagadinou / Sanjay Bhagani / Stelios F. Assimakopoulos

    Microorganisms, Vol 11, Iss 12, p

    Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

    2023  Volume 3004

    Abstract: Bacteremia and endocarditis are two clinical syndromes that, for decades, were managed exclusively with parenteral antimicrobials, irrespective of a given patient’s clinical condition, causative pathogen, or its antibiotic susceptibility profile. This ... ...

    Abstract Bacteremia and endocarditis are two clinical syndromes that, for decades, were managed exclusively with parenteral antimicrobials, irrespective of a given patient’s clinical condition, causative pathogen, or its antibiotic susceptibility profile. This clinical approach, however, was based on low-quality data and outdated expert opinions. When a patient’s condition has improved, gastrointestinal absorption is not compromised, and an oral antibiotic regimen reaching adequate serum concentrations is available, a switch to oral antibacterials can be applied. Although available evidence has reduced the timing of the oral switch in bacteremia to three days/until clinical improvement, there are only scarce data regarding less than 10-day intravenous antibiotic therapy in endocarditis. Many standard or studied oral antimicrobial dosages are smaller than the approved doses for parenteral administration, which is a risk factor for treatment failure; in addition, the gastrointestinal barrier may affect drug bioavailability, especially when the causative pathogen has a minimum inhibitory concentration that is close to the susceptibility breakpoint. A considerable number of patients infected by such near-breakpoint strains may not be potential candidates for oral step-down therapy to non-highly bioavailable antibiotics like beta-lactams; different breakpoints should be determined for this setting. This review will focus on summarizing findings about pathogen-specific tailoring of oral step-down therapy for bacteremia and endocarditis, but will also present laboratory and clinical data about antibiotics such as beta-lactams, linezolid, and fosfomycin that should be studied more in order to elucidate their role and optimal dosage in this context.
    Keywords bacteremia ; endocarditis ; oral treatment ; Enterobacterales ; Staphylococcus ; Streptococcus ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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