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Article ; Online: The Role of Trace Elements in Cardiovascular Diseases.

Wechselberger, Christian / Messner, Barbara / Bernhard, David

2023 Volume 11, Issue 12

Abstract: Essential trace elements play an important role in human physiology and are associated with various functions regulating cellular metabolism. Non-essential trace elements, on the other hand, often have well-documented toxicities that are dangerous for ... ...

Abstract	Essential trace elements play an important role in human physiology and are associated with various functions regulating cellular metabolism. Non-essential trace elements, on the other hand, often have well-documented toxicities that are dangerous for the initiation and development of diseases due to their widespread occurrence in the environment and their accumulation in living organisms. Non-essential trace elements are therefore regarded as serious environmental hazards that are harmful to health even in low concentrations. Many representatives of these elements are present as pollutants in our environment, and many people may be exposed to significant amounts of these substances over the course of their lives. Among the most common non-essential trace elements are heavy metals, which are also associated with acute poisoning in humans. When these elements accumulate in the body over years of chronic exposure, they often cause severe health damage in a variety of tissues and organs. In this review article, the role of selected essential and non-essential trace elements and their role in the development of exemplary pathophysiological processes in the cardiovascular system will be examined in more detail.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2733883-6
ISSN	2305-6304 ; 2305-6304
ISSN (online)	2305-6304
ISSN	2305-6304
DOI	10.3390/toxics11120956
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Article ; Online: Aluminum, a colorful gamechanger: Uptake of an aluminum-containing food color in human cells and its implications for human health.

Ganhör, Clara / Rezk, Marlene / Doppler, Christian / Ruthmeier, Teresa / Wechselberger, Christian / Müller, Marina / Kotnik, Michaela / Puh, Špela / Messner, Barbara / Bernhard, David

Food chemistry

2024 Volume 442, Page(s) 138404

Abstract: Aluminum is added to many food colors to change their solubility. This study compares the aluminum-containing food color carmine with its aluminum-free version carminic acid (both E 120), hypothesizing that the addition of aluminum does not only change ... ...

Abstract	Aluminum is added to many food colors to change their solubility. This study compares the aluminum-containing food color carmine with its aluminum-free version carminic acid (both E 120), hypothesizing that the addition of aluminum does not only change the color's solubility, but also its effects on human cells. We could show that carmine, but not carminic acid, is taken up by gastrointestinal Caco-2 and umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Clear differences between gene expression profiles of Caco-2 cells exposed to carmine, carminic acid or control were shown. KEGG analysis revealed that carmine-specific genes suppress oxidative phosphorylation, and showed that this suppression is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson disease. Furthermore, carmine, but not carminic acid, increased proliferation of Caco-2 cells. Our findings show that a food color containing aluminum induces different cellular effects compared to its aluminum-free form, which is currently not considered in EU legislation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carmine/analysis ; Aluminum/toxicity ; Caco-2 Cells ; Endothelial Cells ; Food Coloring Agents/analysis ; Excipients
Chemical Substances	Carmine (CID8Z8N95N) ; Aluminum (CPD4NFA903) ; Food Coloring Agents ; Excipients
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138404
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Article: KOMMA = Kommunikation mit Angehörigen. Erfahrungen mit dem KOMMA-Ansatz zur Unterstützung von Angehörigen in Tirol

KREYER, CHRISTIANE / WECHSELBERGER, CHRISTINA

Praxis PalliativeCare

2023 Volume 60, Issue -, Page(s) 36

Language	German
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2469387-X
ISSN	1867-7126
Database	Current Contents Medicine

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Article ; Online: An Inexpensive Staining Alternative for Gelatin Zymography Gels.

Wechselberger, Christian / Doppler, Christian / Bernhard, David

Methods and protocols

2019 Volume 2, Issue 3

Abstract: Zymography is a widely used electrophoretic method to determine proteolytic activities in samples from various sources. The method is based on copolymerizing a suitable protein substrate within a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel. Following ... ...

Abstract	Zymography is a widely used electrophoretic method to determine proteolytic activities in samples from various sources. The method is based on copolymerizing a suitable protein substrate within a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel. Following electrophoretic separation of the protease containing samples and a suitable incubation period, degradation of the substrate can be visualized through staining with Coomassie blue. Sites of proteolysis become visible as white bands on a dark blue background. However, this staining protocol requires considerable amounts of ethanol and acetic acid to remove unbound dye molecules. In this report, we describe a new staining protocol using Ponceau S which offers substantial advantages in terms of assay usability and cost reduction, especially when performing large quantities of zymograms or in resource-limited settings. Fast and reproducible staining of zymograms with our protocol is demonstrated, and reliable quantitation of proteolytic activity in comparison to the standard Coomassie staining procedure is shown.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2409-9279
ISSN (online)	2409-9279
DOI	10.3390/mps2030061
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Article ; Online: Performance evaluation of serological assays to determine the immunoglobulin status in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.

Wechselberger, Christian / Süßner, Susanne / Doppler, Stefan / Bernhard, David

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology

2020 Volume 131, Page(s) 104589

Abstract: Background: Serological assays for the determination of the immune status of patients that have tested positive for infection with SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR are required for, e.g., contact tracing and epidemiological studies. However, data concerning the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Serological assays for the determination of the immune status of patients that have tested positive for infection with SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR are required for, e.g., contact tracing and epidemiological studies. However, data concerning the performance parameters of commercially available high-throughput ELISA tests are still not available on a large scale. Study design: In our study, we have evaluated an in-house developed ELISA for the detection of the immunoglobulin classes A, G and M directed against the full-length spike glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2. For this analysis, we have included 110 sera from patients presenting with COVID-19 symptoms or blood donors without symptoms collected at the Austrian Red Cross, Blood Transfusion Service for Upper Austria, Linz. In addition, we have selected four commercially available IgG-based ELISAs as well as one IgA/IgG-based ELISA for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens as well as a multiplexed IgG-based micro-ELISA assay developed for rapid Point of Care testing applications. Conclusions: All assays evaluated in the course of this study demonstrated suitable sensitivity and specificity values for the identification of patients that have experienced a past infection with SARS-CoV-2. However, testing for the presence of additional immunoglobulins (IgA and IgM) as well as using combinations of different viral antigens is highly advised to improve the predictive values of serological assays.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serologic Tests
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1446080-4
ISSN	1873-5967 ; 1386-6532
ISSN (online)	1873-5967
ISSN	1386-6532
DOI	10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104589
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Article ; Online: Low-entry-barrier point-of-care testing of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the population of Upper Austria from December 2020 until April 2021-a feasible surveillance strategy for post-pandemic monitoring?

Doppler, Christian / Feischl, Michael / Ganhör, Clara / Puh, Spela / Müller, Marina / Kotnik, Michaela / Mimler, Teresa / Sonnleitner, Max / Bernhard, David / Wechselberger, Christian

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry

2022 Volume 414, Issue 10, Page(s) 3291–3299

Abstract: Already at the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, an extensive PCR and antigen testing strategy was considered necessary and subsequently also proved successful in order to limit the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- ... ...

Abstract	Already at the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, an extensive PCR and antigen testing strategy was considered necessary and subsequently also proved successful in order to limit the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections on international and national levels. However, equally important will be the continuous monitoring of the seroprevalence status of populations from defined regions to detect-in a timely manner-any recurrence of infections or an eventual decline in antibody levels of vaccinated individuals, especially in the emerging post-pandemic situation. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies in the federal state of Upper Austria (Austria) during the period of December 2020 until April 2021. To achieve this goal, we have analyzed anonymized data on the immune status of self-referral volunteers that have been determined at local pharmacies through a low-entry-barrier point-of-care analysis approach. The seroprevalence values for immunoglobulin type G antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 antigens obtained by rapid diagnostic testing on peripheral blood from volunteers reflect the current population-based estimates reported in the literature as well as the positivity rates detected by PCR-screening analyses. In conclusion, broad-based monitoring of IgG antibodies by means of a point-of-care testing network represents a valuable tool to assess the current immune situation within regionally defined populations.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Viral ; Austria/epidemiology ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Pandemics ; Point-of-Care Testing ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seroepidemiologic Studies
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	201093-8
ISSN	1618-2650 ; 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
ISSN (online)	1618-2650
ISSN	0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
DOI	10.1007/s00216-022-03966-z
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Article ; Online: HPLC-MS/MS Shows That the Cellular Uptake of All-

Guntner, Armin Sebastian / Doppler, Christian / Wechselberger, Christian / Bernhard, David / Buchberger, Wolfgang

Cells

2020 Volume 9, Issue 9

Abstract: All- ...

Abstract	All-
MeSH term(s)	Cell Hypoxia ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Lignans/pharmacology ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Tretinoin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Lignans ; leoligin ; Tretinoin (5688UTC01R) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells9092048
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Article ; Online: An Inexpensive Staining Alternative for Gelatin Zymography Gels

Christian Wechselberger / Christian Doppler / David Bernhard

Methods and Protocols, Vol 2, Iss 3, p

2019 Volume 61

Abstract	Zymography is a widely used electrophoretic method to determine proteolytic activities in samples from various sources. The method is based on copolymerizing a suitable protein substrate within a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel. Following electrophoretic separation of the protease containing samples and a suitable incubation period, degradation of the substrate can be visualized through staining with Coomassie blue. Sites of proteolysis become visible as white bands on a dark blue background. However, this staining protocol requires considerable amounts of ethanol and acetic acid to remove unbound dye molecules. In this report, we describe a new staining protocol using Ponceau S which offers substantial advantages in terms of assay usability and cost reduction, especially when performing large quantities of zymograms or in resource-limited settings. Fast and reproducible staining of zymograms with our protocol is demonstrated, and reliable quantitation of proteolytic activity in comparison to the standard Coomassie staining procedure is shown.
Keywords	gelatin zymography ; Coomassie ; Ponceau ; inexpensive staining method ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Noncanonical atherosclerosis as the driving force in tricuspid aortic valve associated aneurysms - A trace collection.

Doppler, Christian / Messner, Barbara / Mimler, Teresa / Schachner, Bruno / Rezk, Marlene / Ganhör, Clara / Wechselberger, Christian / Müller, Marina / Puh, Spela / Pröll, Johannes / Arbeithuber, Barbara / Müller, Thomas / Zierer, Andreas / Bernhard, David

Journal of lipid research

2023 Volume 64, Issue 3, Page(s) 100338

Abstract: Pathogenic mechanisms in degenerative thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) are still unclear. There is an ongoing debate about whether TAAs are caused by uniform or distinct processes, which would obviously have a major impact on future treatment strategies. ... ...

Abstract	Pathogenic mechanisms in degenerative thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) are still unclear. There is an ongoing debate about whether TAAs are caused by uniform or distinct processes, which would obviously have a major impact on future treatment strategies. Clearly, the ultimate outcome of TAA subgroups associated with a tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) or a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the same, namely a TAA. Based on results from our own and others' studies, we decided to compare the different TAAs (TAV and BAV) and controls using a broad array of analyses, i.e., metabolomic analyses, gene expression profiling, protein expression analyses, histological characterization, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging. Central findings of the present study are the presence of noncanonical atherosclerosis, pathological accumulation of macrophages, and disturbances of lipid metabolism in the aortic media. Moreover, we have also found that lipid metabolism is impaired systemically. Importantly, all of the above-described phenotypes are characteristic for TAV-TAA only, and not for BAV-TAA. In summary, our results suggest different modes of pathogenesis in TAV- and BAV-associated aneurysms. Intimal atherosclerotic changes play a more central role in TAV-TAA formation than previously thought, particularly as the observed alterations do not follow classical patterns. Atherosclerotic alterations are not limited to the intima but also affect and alter the TAV-TAA media. Further studies are needed to i) clarify patho-relevant intima-media interconnections, ii) define the origin of the systemic alteration of lipid metabolism, and iii) to define valid biomarkers for early diagnosis, disease progression, and successful treatments in TAV-TAAs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aortic Valve/metabolism ; Aortic Valve/pathology ; Heart Valve Diseases/complications ; Heart Valve Diseases/metabolism ; Heart Valve Diseases/pathology ; Tricuspid Valve/metabolism ; Tricuspid Valve/pathology ; Aorta/metabolism ; Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease/complications ; Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease/metabolism ; Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease/pathology ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/complications ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80154-9
ISSN	1539-7262 ; 0022-2275
ISSN (online)	1539-7262
ISSN	0022-2275
DOI	10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100338
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Article: Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease Occurring Shortly after mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.

Hoffmann, Christian / Wechselberger, Thomas / Drexel, Heinz / Dertinger, Susanne / Dirnhofer, Stefan / Pierson, Sheila K / Fajgenbaum, David C / Kessler, Andreas

Vaccines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 10

Abstract: Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease (iMCD) is a potentially life-threatening systemic disease whose complex symptomatology is due to cytokine dysregulation. We, herein, present a case of severe iMCD occurring in a previously healthy young man ... ...

Abstract	Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease (iMCD) is a potentially life-threatening systemic disease whose complex symptomatology is due to cytokine dysregulation. We, herein, present a case of severe iMCD occurring in a previously healthy young man shortly after mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, responding to interleukin-6 blockade with siltuximab. Six months after the completion of siltuximab, the patient remained without any signs of iMCD or inflammation, indicating a temporal trigger of the disease. This case not only adds to the potential pathogenetic spectrum of MCD, but also extends the clinical picture of potential but rare adverse events following COVID-19 immunization.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines10101725
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