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Article: Evaluation of Potential Probiotic Properties and In Vivo Safety of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast Strains Isolated from Traditional Home-Made Kefir.

Maione, Angela / Imparato, Marianna / Buonanno, Annalisa / Salvatore, Maria Michela / Carraturo, Federica / de Alteriis, Elisabetta / Guida, Marco / Galdiero, Emilia

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 13, Issue 7

Abstract: Probiotics are known for their health-promoting resources and are considered as beneficial microorganisms. The current study focuses on the isolation, and on a complete in vitro and in vivo characterization, of yeast and lactic acid bacteria acquired ... ...

Abstract	Probiotics are known for their health-promoting resources and are considered as beneficial microorganisms. The current study focuses on the isolation, and on a complete in vitro and in vivo characterization, of yeast and lactic acid bacteria acquired from traditional homemade kefir in order to assess their potentiality as probiotic candidates. In particular, the isolates
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704223-6
ISSN	2304-8158
ISSN	2304-8158
DOI	10.3390/foods13071013
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Article ; Online: Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Decrease in the Antibacterial Activity of Protamine-like Proteins after Exposure of

Marinaro, Carmela / Lettieri, Gennaro / Verrillo, Mariavittoria / Morelli, Michela / Carraturo, Federica / Guida, Marco / Piscopo, Marina

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 11

Abstract: Natural bioactive compounds represent a new frontier of antimicrobial molecules, and the marine ecosystem represents a new challenge in this regard. In the present work, we evaluated the possibility of changes in the antibacterial activity of protamine- ... ...

Abstract	Natural bioactive compounds represent a new frontier of antimicrobial molecules, and the marine ecosystem represents a new challenge in this regard. In the present work, we evaluated the possibility of changes in the antibacterial activity of protamine-like (PL) proteins, the major nuclear basic protein components of
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Male ; Protamines/pharmacology ; Protamines/metabolism ; Mytilus ; Mercury/toxicity ; Chromium/toxicity ; Chromium/metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Semen/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Metals/metabolism ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Protamines ; Mercury (FXS1BY2PGL) ; Chromium (0R0008Q3JB) ; Nuclear Proteins ; Metals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms24119345
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Article ; Online: Ecotoxicological assessment of waste-derived organic fertilizers and long-term monitoring of fertilized soils using a multi-matrix and multi-species approach.

Carraturo, Federica / Siciliano, Antonietta / Giordano, Andrea / Di Capua, Francesco / Barone, Federica / Casaletta, Elisa / Cicotti, Flavia / Guida, Marco / Adani, Fabrizio

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 912, Page(s) 169341

Abstract: The present study investigates the ecotoxicity of 7 biofertilizers, including biowaste-derived organic matrices. Real-field tests were conducted to assess the impacts of soil fertilization with sewage sludge digestate from high-solid thermophilic ... ...

Abstract	The present study investigates the ecotoxicity of 7 biofertilizers, including biowaste-derived organic matrices. Real-field tests were conducted to assess the impacts of soil fertilization with sewage sludge digestate from high-solid thermophilic anaerobic digestion (HSTAD) compared to those obtained on non-amended and urea-fertilized soils. The physical-chemical and ecotoxic impact of HSTAD digestate on soil was monitored for 12 months, at 5 time points and 2 soil depths, on a maize field divided in 3 portions (non-treated, fertilized with urea, amended with digestate). The chemical and physical characteristics of the soil were previously analyzed for 3 years to provide a long-term outlook of the impacts of biofertilizer application. Seven bioindicators were utilized for direct (on whole soil) and indirect (on soil elutriates) ecotoxicological tests on fertilizers and amended soils, including plant seeds (Lepidium sativum, Sorghum saccharatum, and Sinapsis alba), the aquatic organism Daphnia magna, the alga Raphidocelis subcapitata, the luminescent bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri, and the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. No serious negative effects on soil fertilized with HSTAD digestate were evidenced. Conversely, bioassays rather showed positive effects, encouraging the utilization of HSTAD digestate in agriculture, considering the proper concentrations of use. The obtained data were interpolated and a test battery integrated index was generated, confirming the absence of ecotoxicological risk for the soils amended with the applied fertilizers. The long-term evolution of the physical-chemical soil characteristics (including the concentrations of potential contaminants) was similar for both HSTAD digestate and urea application as well as for non-fertilized soil, indicating no negative effects due to digestate application on land. On the contrary, digestate application improved the content of stabilized organic matter and nutrients in soil. This study proposes a more correct approach to ecotoxicity assessment of fertilized soils for biofertilizer evaluation and demonstrates the long-term safe application of HSTAD digestate on agricultural soil.
MeSH term(s)	Soil/chemistry ; Fertilizers/analysis ; Agriculture ; Sewage/chemistry ; Fertilization ; Urea
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Fertilizers ; Sewage ; Urea (8W8T17847W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169341
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Article ; Online: Possible Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Decrease in the Antibacterial Activity of Protamine-like Proteins after Exposure of Mytilus galloprovincialis to Chromium and Mercury

Carmela Marinaro / Gennaro Lettieri / Mariavittoria Verrillo / Michela Morelli / Federica Carraturo / Marco Guida / Marina Piscopo

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 9345, p

2023 Volume 9345

Abstract	Natural bioactive compounds represent a new frontier of antimicrobial molecules, and the marine ecosystem represents a new challenge in this regard. In the present work, we evaluated the possibility of changes in the antibacterial activity of protamine-like (PL) proteins, the major nuclear basic protein components of Mytilus galloprovincialis sperm chromatin, after the exposure of mussels to subtoxic doses of chromium (VI) (1, 10, and 100 nM) and mercury (1, 10, and 100 pM) HgCl 2 , since these metals affect some properties of PL. After exposure, we analyzed the electrophoretic pattern of PLs by both acetic acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (AU-PAGE) and SDS-PAGE and determined the MIC and MBC of these proteins on different gram+ and gram– bacteria. PLs, particularly after mussels were exposed to the highest doses of chromium and mercury, showed significantly reduced antibacterial activity. Just at the highest doses of exposure to the two metals, changes were found in the electrophoretic pattern of PLs, suggesting that there were conformational changes in these proteins, which were confirmed by the fluorescence measurements of PLs. These results provide the first evidence of a reduction in the antibacterial activity of these proteins following the exposure of mussels to these metals. Based on the results, hypothetical molecular mechanisms that could explain the decrease in the antibacterial activity of PLs are discussed.
Keywords	antibacterial activity ; sperm proteins ; protamine-like proteins ; Mytilus galloprovincialis ; gram positive ; gram negative ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Hygienic assessment of digestate from a high solids anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge with biowaste by testing Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli and SARS-CoV-2

Carraturo, Federica / Panico, Antonio / Giordano, Andrea / Libralato, Giovanni / Aliberti, Francesco / Galdiero, Emilia / Guida, Marco

Environmental research. 2022 Apr. 15, v. 206

2022

Abstract: Anaerobic digestion is a consolidated technology to convert sewage sludge and other organic wastes into biogas and a nutrient-rich fertilizer (i.e. digestate). The origin of sewage sludge does not exclude the potential presence of pathogens (e.g. ... ...

Abstract	Anaerobic digestion is a consolidated technology to convert sewage sludge and other organic wastes into biogas and a nutrient-rich fertilizer (i.e. digestate). The origin of sewage sludge does not exclude the potential presence of pathogens (e.g. Salmonella spp. and SARS-CoV-2) in mature digestate that hence could represent a source of sanitary concerns when it is spread on soil for agriculture purpose. Therefore, an experimental study aimed at proving the sanitizing effect of a full scale thermophilic high solids anaerobic digestion process was conducted by monitoring the hygienic characteristics of mature digestate. Although Salmonella spp. was detected in the sewage sludge fed to the full scale plant, the anaerobic digestion treatment demonstrated sanitization capacity since the monitored pathogens were never found in the mature digestate over the entire duration of the monitoring survey. Furthermore, tests on the regrowth of Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli, artificially inoculated on mature digestate, were also conducted under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions with the aim to assess the effectiveness of mature digestate as microbial growth medium. Concentrations of Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli were drastically reduced after a short time of incubation under anaerobic process and the two microorganisms already resulted undetectable after 24–48 h, whereas, under aerobic conditions, two microorganisms’ concentrations were stably high for longer than 10 days. The combination of no free oxygen, high temperature, anaerobic metabolites (e.g. total ammonium nitrogen, and volatile fatty acids) production, bacteria competition and lack of nutritional elements in mature digestate considerably reduced in 24–48 h the sanitary risks associated to accidently contaminated digestate. Furthermore, a SARS-CoV-2 monitoring survey on mature digestate during 13 months, resulted in the absence of the virus RNA in the analyzed digestate.
Keywords	Escherichia coli ; RNA ; Salmonella Typhimurium ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; ammonium nitrogen ; anaerobic digestion ; biogas ; culture media ; fertilizers ; hygiene ; metabolites ; microbial growth ; oxygen ; regrowth ; research ; sewage sludge ; soil ; surveys ; temperature ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0415
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2021.112585
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Biological and metabolic effects of the association between the microalga Galdieria sulphuraria and the fungus Penicillium citrinum.

Salvatore, Maria Michela / Carraturo, Federica / Salbitani, Giovanna / Rosati, Luigi / De Risi, Arianna / Andolfi, Anna / Salvatore, Francesco / Guida, Marco / Carfagna, Simona

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 1789

Abstract: Contamination of microalgae cultures can reduce their productivity and affect the quality of biomass and valuable bioproducts. In this article, after having isolated and identified for the first time the filamentous fungus Penicillium citrinum from ... ...

Abstract	Contamination of microalgae cultures can reduce their productivity and affect the quality of biomass and valuable bioproducts. In this article, after having isolated and identified for the first time the filamentous fungus Penicillium citrinum from heterotrophic cultures of the red polyextremophilic microalga Galdieria sulphuraria, we investigated the biological and metabolic significance of this alga-fungus association. In the same medium, both organisms grow better in each other's presence than separately. Both cell density and cell size of G. sulphuraria increase in co-cultures compared to pure alga cultures. In co-cultures, despite very severe growth conditions, the load of P. citrinum increases compared to pure fungus cultures. Optical microscope images have shown physical contact between cells of P. citrinum hyphae and G. sulphuraria which, however, retain their morphology and cell wall intact. GC-MS-based metabolomics analysis of metabolites excreted in the culture medium shows that pure cultures of the fungus and alga and co-cultures of alga plus fungus can be easily differentiated based on their metabolic products. Indeed, a richer assortment of extracellular metabolites (comprising both products of primary and secondary metabolism) is a distinct feature of co-cultures compared to both pure alga and pure fungus cultures.
MeSH term(s)	Microalgae ; Fungi ; Hyphae ; Penicillium
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-27827-6
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Article ; Online: Antioxidant response to heavy metal pollution of Regi Lagni freshwater in Conocephalum conicum L. (Dum.).

Maresca, Viviana / Salbitani, Giovanna / Moccia, Federica / Cianciullo, Piergiorgio / Carraturo, Federica / Sorbo, Sergio / Insolvibile, Marilena / Carfagna, Simona / Panzella, Lucia / Basile, Adriana

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

2022 Volume 234, Page(s) 113365

Abstract: Conocephalum conicum L. is a cosmopolitan liverwort species able to respond to local environmental pollution by changing its biological features. In the present study, we assessed the different biological responses in C. conicum to heavy metal ... ...

Abstract	Conocephalum conicum L. is a cosmopolitan liverwort species able to respond to local environmental pollution by changing its biological features. In the present study, we assessed the different biological responses in C. conicum to heavy metal contamination of Regi Lagni channels, a highly polluted freshwater body. As for the in field experiment, we set up moss bags containing collected samples of the local wild growing C. conicum, from the upstream site (non-polluted area), and we exposed them in the three selected sites characterized by different and extreme conditions of heavy metal pollution. In addition, to better understand the contribution of heavy metals to the alterations and response of the liverwort, we performed in vitro tests, using the same concentration of heavy metals measured in the sites at the moment of the exposition. In both experimental settings, bioaccumulation, ultrastructural damage, reactive oxygen species production and localization, antioxidant enzymes activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferases), glutathione (reduced and oxidized) levels, localization of compounds presenting thiol groups and phenolic content were investigated. The results showed that the samples from different sites and conditions (for in vitro tests) showed significant differences. In particular, the ultrastructural alterations show a trend correlated to the different exposure situations; ROS contents, glutathione, antioxidant enzyme activities, and phenolic contents were increased showing an enhancement of the antioxidant defense both by the enzymatic way and by using the synthesis of antioxidant phenolic compounds. This study confirms the ability of C. conicum to respond to heavy metal pollution and the responses studied are, at least partially, correlated to the presence of heavy metals. All the responses considered respond consistently with the pollution trend and they can be proposed as pollution biomarkers. Therefore, we suggest the use of C. conicum to identify local hot spots of pollution in further investigation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	436536-7
ISSN	1090-2414 ; 0147-6513
ISSN (online)	1090-2414
ISSN	0147-6513
DOI	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113365
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Article ; Online: Anti-Biofilm Activity of Phenyllactic Acid against Clinical Isolates of Fluconazole-Resistant

Maione, Angela / Imparato, Marianna / Buonanno, Annalisa / Carraturo, Federica / Schettino, Antonetta / Schettino, Maria Teresa / Galdiero, Marilena / de Alteriis, Elisabetta / Guida, Marco / Galdiero, Emilia

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 9, Issue 3

Abstract: Commonly found colonizing the human microbiota, ...

Abstract	Commonly found colonizing the human microbiota,
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2784229-0
ISSN	2309-608X ; 2309-608X
ISSN (online)	2309-608X
ISSN	2309-608X
DOI	10.3390/jof9030355
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Article ; Online: Antioxidant response to heavy metal pollution of Regi Lagni freshwater in Conocephalum conicum L. (Dum.)

Viviana Maresca / Giovanna Salbitani / Federica Moccia / Piergiorgio Cianciullo / Federica Carraturo / Sergio Sorbo / Marilena Insolvibile / Simona Carfagna / Lucia Panzella / Adriana Basile

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 234, Iss , Pp 113365- (2022)

2022

Abstract	Conocephalum conicum L. is a cosmopolitan liverwort species able to respond to local environmental pollution by changing its biological features. In the present study, we assessed the different biological responses in C. conicum to heavy metal contamination of Regi Lagni channels, a highly polluted freshwater body. As for the in field experiment, we set up moss bags containing collected samples of the local wild growing C. conicum, from the upstream site (non-polluted area), and we exposed them in the three selected sites characterized by different and extreme conditions of heavy metal pollution. In addition, to better understand the contribution of heavy metals to the alterations and response of the liverwort, we performed in vitro tests, using the same concentration of heavy metals measured in the sites at the moment of the exposition. In both experimental settings, bioaccumulation, ultrastructural damage, reactive oxygen species production and localization, antioxidant enzymes activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferases), glutathione (reduced and oxidized) levels, localization of compounds presenting thiol groups and phenolic content were investigated. The results showed that the samples from different sites and conditions (for in vitro tests) showed significant differences. In particular, the ultrastructural alterations show a trend correlated to the different exposure situations; ROS contents, glutathione, antioxidant enzyme activities, and phenolic contents were increased showing an enhancement of the antioxidant defense both by the enzymatic way and by using the synthesis of antioxidant phenolic compounds. This study confirms the ability of C. conicum to respond to heavy metal pollution and the responses studied are, at least partially, correlated to the presence of heavy metals. All the responses considered respond consistently with the pollution trend and they can be proposed as pollution biomarkers. Therefore, we suggest the use of C. conicum to identify local hot spots of ...
Keywords	Conocephalum conicum ; Bryophyta ; Heavy metal pollution ; Oxidative stress and antioxidant responses ; Polyphenol ; Glutathione ; Environmental pollution ; TD172-193.5 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: VT-1161-A Tetrazole for Management of Mono- and Dual-Species Biofilms.

Maione, Angela / Mileo, Aldo / Pugliese, Stefano / Siciliano, Antonietta / Cirillo, Luigi / Carraturo, Federica / de Alteriis, Elisabetta / De Falco, Maria / Guida, Marco / Galdiero, Emilia

Microorganisms

2023 Volume 11, Issue 2

Abstract: VT-1161 is a novel tetrazole antifungal agent with high specificity for fungal CYP51 (compared to human CYP enzymes) which has been proven to have fewer adverse effects and drug-drug interaction profiles due to fewer off-target inhibitors. In this study, ...

Abstract	VT-1161 is a novel tetrazole antifungal agent with high specificity for fungal CYP51 (compared to human CYP enzymes) which has been proven to have fewer adverse effects and drug-drug interaction profiles due to fewer off-target inhibitors. In this study, we evaluated the anti-biofilm potential of VT-1161 against mono- and dual-species biofilms of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms11020237
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