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  1. Article: White matter rafting--membrane microdomains in myelin.

    Debruin, Lillian S / Harauz, George

    Neurochemical research

    2007  Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 213–228

    Abstract: The myelin membrane comprises a plethora of regions that are compositionally, ultrastructurally, and functionally distinct. Biochemical dissection of oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, and central and peripheral nervous system myelin by means such as cold- ... ...

    Abstract The myelin membrane comprises a plethora of regions that are compositionally, ultrastructurally, and functionally distinct. Biochemical dissection of oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, and central and peripheral nervous system myelin by means such as cold-detergent extraction and differential fractionation has led to the identification of a variety of detergent-resistant membrane assemblies, some of which represent putative signalling platforms. We review here the different microdomains that have hitherto been identified in the myelin membrane, particularly lipid rafts, caveolae, and cellular junctions such as the tight junctions that are found in the radial component of the CNS myelin sheath.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Caveolae/chemistry ; Detergents/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance ; Humans ; Intercellular Junctions/chemistry ; Membrane Microdomains/chemistry ; Myelin Sheath/chemistry ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Tight Junctions/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Detergents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 199335-5
    ISSN 1573-6903 ; 0364-3190
    ISSN (online) 1573-6903
    ISSN 0364-3190
    DOI 10.1007/s11064-006-9137-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  2. Article: Partitioning of myelin basic protein into membrane microdomains in a spontaneously demyelinating mouse model for multiple sclerosis.

    DeBruin, Lillian S / Haines, Jeffery D / Bienzle, Dorothee / Harauz, George

    Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire

    2006  Volume 84, Issue 6, Page(s) 993–1005

    Abstract: We have characterized the lipid rafts in myelin from a spontaneously demyelinating mouse line (ND4), and from control mice (CD1 background), as a function of age and severity of disease. Myelin was isolated from the brains of CD1 and ND4 mice at various ... ...

    Abstract We have characterized the lipid rafts in myelin from a spontaneously demyelinating mouse line (ND4), and from control mice (CD1 background), as a function of age and severity of disease. Myelin was isolated from the brains of CD1 and ND4 mice at various ages, and cold lysed with 1.5% CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulphonate). The lysate was separated by low-speed centrifugation into supernatant and pellet fractions, which were characterized by Western blotting for myelin basic protein (MBP) isoforms and their post-translationally modified variants. We found that, with maturation and with disease progression, there was a specific redistribution of the 14-21.5 kDa MBP isoforms (classic exon-II-containing vs exon-II-lacking) and phosphorylated forms into the supernatant and pellet. Further fractionation of the supernatant to yield detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), representing coalesced lipid rafts, showed these to be highly enriched in exon-II-lacking MBP isoforms, and deficient in methylated MBP variants, in mice of both genotypes. The DRMs from the ND4 mice appeared to be enriched in MBP phosphorylated by MAP kinase at Thr95 (murine 18.5 kDa numbering). These studies indicate that different splice isoforms and post-translationally modified charge variants of MBP are targeted to different microdomains in the myelin membrane, implying multifunctionality of this protein family in myelin maintenance.
    MeSH term(s) Aging ; Animals ; Cell Fractionation ; Cholic Acids/pharmacology ; Detergents/pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Membrane Microdomains/chemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mice, Transgenic ; Multiple Sclerosis/pathology ; Myelin Basic Protein/chemistry ; Myelin Basic Protein/genetics ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry ; Protein Isoforms/genetics ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Severity of Illness Index ; Silver Staining ; Subcellular Fractions/chemistry ; Threonine/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Cholic Acids ; Detergents ; Myelin Basic Protein ; Protein Isoforms ; Threonine (2ZD004190S) ; 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate (QBP25342AG)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-12
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 54104-7
    ISSN 0829-8211
    ISSN 0829-8211
    DOI 10.1139/o06-180
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Perspectives on the chemical etiology of breast cancer.

    DeBruin, Lillian S / Josephy, P David

    Environmental health perspectives

    2002  Volume 110 Suppl 1, Page(s) 119–128

    Abstract: Multiple factors, known and unknown, contribute to human breast cancer. Hereditary, hormonal, and reproductive factors are associated with risk of breast cancer. Environmental agents, including chemical carcinogens, are modifiable risk factors to which ... ...

    Abstract Multiple factors, known and unknown, contribute to human breast cancer. Hereditary, hormonal, and reproductive factors are associated with risk of breast cancer. Environmental agents, including chemical carcinogens, are modifiable risk factors to which over 70% of breast cancers have been attributed. Polymorphisms of drug-metabolizing enzymes may influence risk of breast cancer from environmental chemicals, dietary agents, and endogenous steroids. The environmental factors discussed in this review include pollutants, occupational exposures, tobacco smoke, alcohol, and diet. Aromatic amines are discussed as potential mammary carcinogens, with a focus on heterocyclic amine food pyrolysis products. These compounds are excreted into the urine after consumption of meals containing cooked meats and have recently been detected in the breast milk of lactating women.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects ; Amines/adverse effects ; Breast Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Carcinogens/adverse effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Diet ; Environmental Exposure ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Female ; Food Contamination ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Lactation ; Occupational Exposure ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Assessment ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Amines ; Carcinogens ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 195189-0
    ISSN 1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    ISSN (online) 1552-9924
    ISSN 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    DOI 10.1289/ehp.02110s1119
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Perspectives on the Chemical Etiology of Breast Cancer

    DeBruin, Lillian S. / Josephy, P. David

    2002  , Page(s) S. 119–128

    Abstract: Multiple factors, known and unknown, contribute to human breast cancer. Hereditary, hormonal, and reproductive factors are associated with risk of breast cancer. Environmental agents, including chemical carcinogens, are modifiable risk factors to which ... ...

    Abstract Multiple factors, known and unknown, contribute to human breast cancer. Hereditary, hormonal, and reproductive factors are associated with risk of breast cancer. Environmental agents, including chemical carcinogens, are modifiable risk factors to which over 70 per cent of breast cancers have been attributed. Polymorphisms of drug-metabolizing enzymes may influence risk of breast cancer from environmental chemicals, dietary agents, and endogenous steroids. The environmental factors discussed in this review include pollutants, occupational exposures, tobacco smoke, alcohol, and diet. Aromatic amines are discussed as potential mammary carcinogens, with a focus on heterocyclic amine food pyrolysis products. These compounds are excreted into the urine after consumption of meals containing cooked meats and have recently been detected in the breast milk of lactating women.
    Keywords Krebskrankheit ; Amin ; Heterozyklen ; Umweltchemikalien ; Gesundheitsgefaehrdung ; Epidemiologie ; Schadstoffbelastung ; Risikofaktor ; Belastungsfaktor ; Demographie ; Enzym ; Stoffwechsel ; Physiologische Wirkung ; Tabakrauch ; Ernaehrung ; Arbeitsplatz ; Geschlecht ; Aromatisches Amin ; Organischer Schadstoff ; Kanzerogener Stoff ; Toxikologische Bewertung ; Molekuelstruktur ; Belastungsanalyse ; Monitoring ; Stoffwechselprodukt ; Empirische Untersuchung ; PAK ; Krebsrisiko
    Language English
    Document type Article
    Database OPAC and Environmental database (ULIDAT) of The Federal Environment Agency (UBA)

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  5. Article: N-hydroxyarylamine O-acetyltransferase-deficient Escherichia coli strains are resistant to the mutagenicity of nitro compounds.

    Josephy, P David / Summerscales, Joanna / DeBruin, Lillian S / Schlaeger, Christof / Ho, Jason

    Biological chemistry

    2002  Volume 383, Issue 6, Page(s) 977–982

    Abstract: ... heterocyclic amines) and the N-acetylation of aromatic amines. S. typhimurium Ames test mutants lacking ... suitable for use in mutation assays. In E. coli, as in S. typhimurium, nhoA mutants show marked resistance ...

    Abstract In Salmonella typhimurium, a single enzyme catalyzes both the acetyl CoA-dependent O-acetylation of hydroxylamines (a key step in the activation of mutagenic nitroaromatic compounds and related aromatic and heterocyclic amines) and the N-acetylation of aromatic amines. S. typhimurium Ames test mutants lacking this activity are highly resistant to the genotoxic effects of nitro compounds. However, such mutants have not yet been obtained in Escherichia coli. We used a PCR-based method to engineer a null mutation (deletion) of the nhoA gene encoding the enzyme in E. coli and we transduced this mutation into a lacZ strain background suitable for use in mutation assays. In E. coli, as in S. typhimurium, nhoA mutants show marked resistance to nitro compound mutagenicity. The new strains provide a clean background for expression of recombinant N-acetyltransferases.
    MeSH term(s) Acetyltransferases/deficiency ; Alleles ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Frameshift Mutation/genetics ; Kanamycin/pharmacology ; Lac Operon/genetics ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens/toxicity ; Nitro Compounds/toxicity ; Plasmids/genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics ; Transduction, Genetic ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Mutagens ; Nitro Compounds ; Sp1 Transcription Factor ; Kanamycin (59-01-8) ; Acetyltransferases (EC 2.3.1.-) ; N-hydroxyarylamine O-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.118) ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein (EC 3.6.5.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1334659-3
    ISSN 1437-4315 ; 1431-6730 ; 1432-0355
    ISSN (online) 1437-4315
    ISSN 1431-6730 ; 1432-0355
    DOI 10.1515/BC.2002.104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Dynamic turn conformation of a short tryptophan-rich cationic antimicrobial peptide and its interaction with phospholipid membranes.

    Nichols, Matthew / Kuljanin, Miljan / Nategholeslam, Mostafa / Hoang, Tuan / Vafaei, Shaghayegh / Tomberli, Bruno / Gray, C G / DeBruin, Lillian / Jelokhani-Niaraki, Masoud

    The journal of physical chemistry. B

    2013  Volume 117, Issue 47, Page(s) 14697–14708

    Abstract: Cationic antimicrobial peptides are promising sources for novel therapeutic agents against multi-drug-resistant bacteria. HHC-36 (KRWWKWWRR) is a simple but effective antimicrobial peptide with similar or superior activity compared with several ... ...

    Abstract Cationic antimicrobial peptides are promising sources for novel therapeutic agents against multi-drug-resistant bacteria. HHC-36 (KRWWKWWRR) is a simple but effective antimicrobial peptide with similar or superior activity compared with several conventional antibiotics. In this biophysical study, unique conformational properties of this peptide and some of its analogs as well as its interaction with lipid membranes are investigated in detail. Circular dichroism (CD) and molecular dynamics modeling studies of HHC-36 in different environments reveal a dynamic amphipathic structure composed of competing turn conformations with free energies lower than that of the unfolded state, implying a strong influence of tryptophan interactions in formation of the turns. CD spectra and gel electrophoresis also show strong evidence of self-association of this peptide in aqueous milieu and interaction with both neutrally and negatively charged lipid membrane systems. Isothermal titration calorimetry and acrylamide fluorescence quenching experiments emphasize the preference of HHC-36 for negatively charged vesicles. In addition, dye leakage experiments suggest that this peptide functions through a surface-associated mechanism with weak lytic activity against bacterial model membranes.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/chemistry ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/pharmacology ; Circular Dichroism ; Lipid Bilayers/metabolism ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Phospholipids/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Tryptophan/chemistry ; Tryptophan/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Infective Agents ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides ; Lipid Bilayers ; Phospholipids ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1520-5207
    ISSN (online) 1520-5207
    DOI 10.1021/jp4096985
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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