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Article ; Online: Functional Roles and Genomic Impact of Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements (MITEs) in Prokaryotes.

Minnick, Michael F

2024 Volume 15, Issue 3

Abstract: Prokaryotic genomes are dynamic tapestries that are strongly influenced by mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including transposons (Tn's), plasmids, and bacteriophages. Of these, miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are undoubtedly the ... ...

Abstract	Prokaryotic genomes are dynamic tapestries that are strongly influenced by mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including transposons (Tn's), plasmids, and bacteriophages. Of these, miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are undoubtedly the least studied MGEs in bacteria and archaea. This review explores the diversity and distribution of MITEs in prokaryotes and describes what is known about their functional roles in the host and involvement in genomic plasticity and evolution.
MeSH term(s)	DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Genomics ; Prokaryotic Cells ; Bacteria/genetics ; Archaea/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA Transposable Elements
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425 ; 2073-4425
ISSN (online)	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes15030328
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Experimental Colonization of Sand Flies (

Minnick, Michael F / Robinson, Autumn J / Powell, Ruby D / Rowland, Tobin E

Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 6, Page(s) 324–330

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Animals ; Psychodidae ; Bartonella ; Bartonella Infections/epidemiology ; Bartonella Infections/veterinary ; Feces
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2047199-3
ISSN	1557-7759 ; 1530-3667
ISSN (online)	1557-7759
ISSN	1530-3667
DOI	10.1089/vbz.2022.0087
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Article ; Online: A system for transposon mutagenesis of Bartonella bacilliformis.

Andrew, Finley J / Hicks, Linda D / Minnick, Michael F

Journal of microbiological methods

2022 Volume 203, Page(s) 106623

Abstract: Bartonella bacilliformis is the etiologic agent of Carrión's disease in South America. Lack of a system for random mutagenesis has significantly hampered research on the pathogen's molecular biology. Here, we describe a transposon (Tn)-based mutagenesis ... ...

Abstract	Bartonella bacilliformis is the etiologic agent of Carrión's disease in South America. Lack of a system for random mutagenesis has significantly hampered research on the pathogen's molecular biology. Here, we describe a transposon (Tn)-based mutagenesis strategy for B. bacilliformis using pSAM_Rl; a Tn-mariner delivery vector originally constructed for members of the Rhizobiaceae family. Following electroporation of the vector, five candidate mutant strains were selected based on aberrant colony morphologies, and four mutations confirmed and identified using arbitrarily-primed PCR coupled with Sanger sequencing. One mutant strain, 4B2, was found to have a disrupted flgI gene, encoding the P-ring component of the flagellar motor. We therefore investigated the flgI strain's motility phenotype in a novel motility medium and found that insertional mutagenesis produced a non-motile mutant. Taken as a whole, the results show that: 1) pSAM_R1 is a practical Tn delivery vector for B. bacilliformis, 2) the plasmid can be used to create random Tn mariner mutants, 3) arbitrarily-primed PCR coupled with Sanger sequencing is a rapid and simple method for identifying and locating mutations generated by this Tn, and 4) in silico-predicted mutant phenotypes can be verified in vitro following mutagenesis. This system of Tn mutagenesis and mutation identification provides a novel and straightforward approach to investigate the molecular biology of B. bacilliformis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bartonella bacilliformis ; Bartonella Infections ; Mutation ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Molecular Biology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604916-3
ISSN	1872-8359 ; 0167-7012
ISSN (online)	1872-8359
ISSN	0167-7012
DOI	10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106623
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Article ; Online: Human vascular endothelial cells express epithelial growth factor in response to infection by Bartonella bacilliformis.

Hicks, Linda D / Minnick, Michael F

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2020 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e0008236

Abstract: Bartonella are Gram-negative bacterial pathogens that trigger pathological angiogenesis during infection of humans. Bartonella bacilliformis (Bb) is a neglected tropical agent endemic to South America, where it causes Carrión's disease. Little is known ... ...

Abstract	Bartonella are Gram-negative bacterial pathogens that trigger pathological angiogenesis during infection of humans. Bartonella bacilliformis (Bb) is a neglected tropical agent endemic to South America, where it causes Carrión's disease. Little is known about Bb's virulence determinants or how the pathogen elicits hyperproliferation of the vasculature, culminating in Peruvian warts (verruga peruana) of the skin. In this study, we determined that active infection of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by live Bb induced host cell secretion of epidermal growth factor (EGF) using ELISA. Killed bacteria or lysates of various Bb strains did not cause EGF production, suggesting that an active infection was necessary for the response. Bb also caused hyperproliferation of infected HUVECs, and the mitogenic response could be inhibited by the EGF-receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, AG1478. Bb strains engineered to overexpress recombinant GroEL, evoked greater EGF production and hyperproliferation of HUVECs compared to control strains. Conditioned (spent) media from cultured HUVECs that had been previously infected by Bb were found to be mitogenic for naïve HUVECs, and the response could be inhibited by EGFR blocking with AG1478. Bb cells and cell lysates stimulated HUVEC migration and capillary-like tube formation in transmigration and Matrigel assays, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of EGF production by Bb-infected endothelial cells; an association that could contribute to hyperproliferation of the vascular bed during bartonellosis.
MeSH term(s)	Bartonella Infections/pathology ; Bartonella bacilliformis/growth & development ; Cell Proliferation ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Endothelial Cells/microbiology ; Endothelial Cells/pathology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Models, Biological
Chemical Substances	Epidermal Growth Factor (62229-50-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2735
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0008236
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Article: Mapping the tRNA modification landscape of

Quaiyum, Samia / Sun, Jingjing / Marchand, Virginie / Sun, Guangxin / Reed, Colbie J / Motorin, Yuri / Dedon, Peter C / Minnick, Michael F / de Crécy-Lagard, Valérie

Frontiers in microbiology

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1369018

Abstract: Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications play a crucial role in maintaining translational fidelity and efficiency, and they may function as regulatory elements in stress response and virulence. Despite their pivotal roles, a comprehensive mapping of tRNA ... ...

Abstract	Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications play a crucial role in maintaining translational fidelity and efficiency, and they may function as regulatory elements in stress response and virulence. Despite their pivotal roles, a comprehensive mapping of tRNA modifications and their associated synthesis genes is still limited, with a predominant focus on free-living bacteria. In this study, we employed a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating comparative genomics, mass spectrometry, and next-generation sequencing, to predict the set of tRNA modification genes responsible for tRNA maturation in two intracellular pathogens-
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1369018
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Article: Mapping the tRNA Modification Landscape of

Quaiyum, Samia / Sun, Jingjing / Marchand, Virginie / Sun, Guangxin / Reed, Colbie J / Motorin, Yuri / Dedon, Peter C / Minnick, Michael F / de Crécy-Lagard, Valérie

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract	Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications play a crucial role in maintaining translational fidelity and efficiency, and they may function as regulatory elements in stress response and virulence. Despite their pivotal roles, a comprehensive mapping of tRNA modifications and their associated synthesis genes is still limited, with a predominant focus on free-living bacteria. In this study, we employed a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating comparative genomics, mass spectrometry, and next-generation sequencing, to predict the set of tRNA modification genes responsible for tRNA maturation in two intracellular pathogens-
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.01.08.574729
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Article: Queuosine Salvage in

Quaiyum, Samia / Yuan, Yifeng / Sun, Guangxin / Ratnayake, R M Madhushi N / Hutinet, Geoffrey / Dedon, Peter C / Minnick, Michael F / de Crécy-Lagard, Valérie

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Queuosine (Q) stands out as the sole tRNA modification that can be synthesized via salvage pathways. Comparative genomic analyses identified specific bacteria that showed a discrepancy between the projected Q salvage route and the predicted substrate ... ...

Abstract	Queuosine (Q) stands out as the sole tRNA modification that can be synthesized via salvage pathways. Comparative genomic analyses identified specific bacteria that showed a discrepancy between the projected Q salvage route and the predicted substrate specificities of the two identified salvage proteins: 1) the distinctive enzyme tRNA guanine-34 transglycosylase (bacterial TGT, or bTGT), responsible for inserting precursor bases into target tRNAs; and 2) Queuosine Precursor Transporter (QPTR), a transporter protein that imports Q precursors. Organisms like the facultative intracellular pathogen Author summary: Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are adaptors that deliver amino acids to ribosomes during translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) into proteins. tRNA molecules contain specially-modified nucleotides that affect many aspects of translation, including regulation of translational efficiency, as modified nucleotides primarily occur near the portion of tRNA (anticodon) that directly interacts with the coding sequence (codon) of the mRNA while it is associated with a ribosome. Queuosine (Q) is a modified tRNA nucleotide located in the anticodon that can be synthesized or uniquely imported from the environment as Q or a precursor using a salvage mechanism. Free-living bacteria, e.g.,
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.12.05.570228
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Article ; Online: Novel small RNAs expressed by Bartonella bacilliformis under multiple conditions reveal potential mechanisms for persistence in the sand fly vector and human host.

Wachter, Shaun / Hicks, Linda D / Raghavan, Rahul / Minnick, Michael F

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2020 Volume 14, Issue 11, Page(s) e0008671

Abstract: Bartonella bacilliformis, the etiological agent of Carrión's disease, is a Gram-negative, facultative intracellular alphaproteobacterium. Carrión's disease is an emerging but neglected tropical illness endemic to Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador. B. ... ...

Abstract	Bartonella bacilliformis, the etiological agent of Carrión's disease, is a Gram-negative, facultative intracellular alphaproteobacterium. Carrión's disease is an emerging but neglected tropical illness endemic to Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador. B. bacilliformis is spread between humans through the bite of female phlebotomine sand flies. As a result, the pathogen encounters significant and repeated environmental shifts during its life cycle, including changes in pH and temperature. In most bacteria, small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) serve as effectors that may post-transcriptionally regulate the stress response to such changes. However, sRNAs have not been characterized in B. bacilliformis, to date. We therefore performed total RNA-sequencing analyses on B. bacilliformis grown in vitro then shifted to one of ten distinct conditions that simulate various environments encountered by the pathogen during its life cycle. From this, we identified 160 sRNAs significantly expressed under at least one of the conditions tested. sRNAs included the highly-conserved tmRNA, 6S RNA, RNase P RNA component, SRP RNA component, ffH leader RNA, and the alphaproteobacterial sRNAs αr45 and speF leader RNA. In addition, 153 other potential sRNAs of unknown function were discovered. Northern blot analysis was used to confirm the expression of eight novel sRNAs. We also characterized a Bartonella bacilliformis group I intron (BbgpI) that disrupts an un-annotated tRNACCUArg gene and determined that the intron splices in vivo and self-splices in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated the molecular targeting of Bartonella bacilliformis small RNA 9 (BbsR9) to transcripts of the ftsH, nuoF, and gcvT genes, in vitro.
MeSH term(s)	Acclimatization/genetics ; Animals ; Bartonella Infections/parasitology ; Bartonella bacilliformis/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Colombia ; Ecuador ; Environment ; Genes, Protozoan/genetics ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Peru ; Psychodidae/parasitology ; RNA, Bacterial/genetics ; RNA, Small Untranslated/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Transcriptome/genetics
Chemical Substances	RNA, Bacterial ; RNA, Small Untranslated
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2727
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2727
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0008671
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Human vascular endothelial cells express epithelial growth factor in response to infection by Bartonella bacilliformis.

Linda D Hicks / Michael F Minnick

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 4, p e

2020 Volume 0008236

Abstract	Bartonella are Gram-negative bacterial pathogens that trigger pathological angiogenesis during infection of humans. Bartonella bacilliformis (Bb) is a neglected tropical agent endemic to South America, where it causes Carrión's disease. Little is known about Bb's virulence determinants or how the pathogen elicits hyperproliferation of the vasculature, culminating in Peruvian warts (verruga peruana) of the skin. In this study, we determined that active infection of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by live Bb induced host cell secretion of epidermal growth factor (EGF) using ELISA. Killed bacteria or lysates of various Bb strains did not cause EGF production, suggesting that an active infection was necessary for the response. Bb also caused hyperproliferation of infected HUVECs, and the mitogenic response could be inhibited by the EGF-receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, AG1478. Bb strains engineered to overexpress recombinant GroEL, evoked greater EGF production and hyperproliferation of HUVECs compared to control strains. Conditioned (spent) media from cultured HUVECs that had been previously infected by Bb were found to be mitogenic for naïve HUVECs, and the response could be inhibited by EGFR blocking with AG1478. Bb cells and cell lysates stimulated HUVEC migration and capillary-like tube formation in transmigration and Matrigel assays, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of EGF production by Bb-infected endothelial cells; an association that could contribute to hyperproliferation of the vascular bed during bartonellosis.
Keywords	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Novel small RNAs expressed by Bartonella bacilliformis under multiple conditions reveal potential mechanisms for persistence in the sand fly vector and human host.

Shaun Wachter / Linda D Hicks / Rahul Raghavan / Michael F Minnick

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 11, p e

2020 Volume 0008671

Abstract	Bartonella bacilliformis, the etiological agent of Carrión's disease, is a Gram-negative, facultative intracellular alphaproteobacterium. Carrión's disease is an emerging but neglected tropical illness endemic to Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador. B. bacilliformis is spread between humans through the bite of female phlebotomine sand flies. As a result, the pathogen encounters significant and repeated environmental shifts during its life cycle, including changes in pH and temperature. In most bacteria, small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) serve as effectors that may post-transcriptionally regulate the stress response to such changes. However, sRNAs have not been characterized in B. bacilliformis, to date. We therefore performed total RNA-sequencing analyses on B. bacilliformis grown in vitro then shifted to one of ten distinct conditions that simulate various environments encountered by the pathogen during its life cycle. From this, we identified 160 sRNAs significantly expressed under at least one of the conditions tested. sRNAs included the highly-conserved tmRNA, 6S RNA, RNase P RNA component, SRP RNA component, ffH leader RNA, and the alphaproteobacterial sRNAs αr45 and speF leader RNA. In addition, 153 other potential sRNAs of unknown function were discovered. Northern blot analysis was used to confirm the expression of eight novel sRNAs. We also characterized a Bartonella bacilliformis group I intron (BbgpI) that disrupts an un-annotated tRNACCUArg gene and determined that the intron splices in vivo and self-splices in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated the molecular targeting of Bartonella bacilliformis small RNA 9 (BbsR9) to transcripts of the ftsH, nuoF, and gcvT genes, in vitro.
Keywords	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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