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  1. Article ; Online: Loss of Aurora Kinase Signaling Allows Lung Cancer Cells to Adopt Endoreplication and Form Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells That Resist Antimitotic Drugs.

    Tagal, Vural / Roth, Michael G

    Cancer research

    2020  Volume 81, Issue 2, Page(s) 400–413

    Abstract: Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC) are common in tumors and have been associated with resistance to cancer therapy, tumor relapse, malignancy, immunosuppression, metastasis, cancer stem cell production, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. ... ...

    Abstract Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC) are common in tumors and have been associated with resistance to cancer therapy, tumor relapse, malignancy, immunosuppression, metastasis, cancer stem cell production, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanisms that cause these cells to form are not yet known. In this study, we discover that Aurora kinases are synergistic determinants of a switch from the proliferative cell cycle to polyploid growth and multinucleation in lung cancer cell lines. When Aurora kinases were inhibited together, lung cancer cells uniformly grew into multinucleated PGCCs. These cells adopted an endoreplication in which the genome replicates, mitosis is omitted, and cells grow in size. Consequently, such cells continued to safely grow in the presence of antimitotic agents. These PGCC re-entered the proliferative cell cycle and grew in cell number when treatment was terminated. Thus, PGCC formation might represent a fundamental cellular response to Aurora kinase inhibitors and contributes to therapy resistance or tumor relapse. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings provide a novel insight about how cancer cells respond to Aurora kinase inhibitors and identify a new mechanism responsible for resistance to these agents and other antimitotic drugs.
    MeSH term(s) Antimitotic Agents/pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Aurora Kinase A/antagonists & inhibitors ; Aurora Kinase A/genetics ; Aurora Kinase A/metabolism ; Aurora Kinase B/antagonists & inhibitors ; Aurora Kinase B/genetics ; Aurora Kinase B/metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Endoreduplication ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Giant Cells/drug effects ; Giant Cells/metabolism ; Giant Cells/pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Antimitotic Agents ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; AURKA protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; AURKB protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Aurora Kinase A (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Aurora Kinase B (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1432-1
    ISSN 1538-7445 ; 0008-5472
    ISSN (online) 1538-7445
    ISSN 0008-5472
    DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-1693
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: "Home Field Advantage": The Presence of a "Home" Neurosurgical Residency Training Program is Associated With Improved Match Outcomes.

    Roth, Steven G / Ortiz, Alexander V / Feldman, Michael J / Reisen, Breanne E / Mummareddy, Nishit / Chitale, Rohan V / Chambless, Lola B

    Neurosurgery

    2024  

    Abstract: Background and objectives: Competition for neurosurgical residency training positions remains fierce. The support provided by applicants' home neurosurgery residency training programs (NRTP) is suspected to play a key role in the National Resident ... ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: Competition for neurosurgical residency training positions remains fierce. The support provided by applicants' home neurosurgery residency training programs (NRTP) is suspected to play a key role in the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) process. We sought to evaluate the impact of the presence of an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited NRTP at medical students' home institutions has on NRMP match outcomes.
    Methods: Our cross-sectional observational study examined all US allopathic senior student Electronic Residency Application Service applications to a single NRTP from 2016 to 2022.
    Results: We analyzed a total of 1650 Electronic Residency Application Service applications to a single NRTP, of which 1432 (86.8%) were from schools with an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited NRTP (NRTP+) and 218 (13.2%) were from schools without a residency (NRTP-). NRTP+ applicants matched a higher rate on both pooled analysis (80.8% vs 71.6%, P = .002) and paired analysis (P = .02) over the seven-cycle study period. This difference was present before (82.4% vs 73.9%, P = .01) and after (77.2% vs 65.6%, P = .046) the COVID-19 pandemic. Cohorts were overall similar; however, NRTP+ applicants had more publication experiences (19.6 ± 19.0 vs 13.1 ± 10.2, P < .001) and were more likely to complete a research gap year (RGY) (25.8% vs 17.0%, P = .004). Completing a RGY was associated with an increased likelihood of matching for NRTP+ applicants but not for NRTP- applicants: NRTP+: 84.9% vs 78.1% (P = .0056); NRTP-: 70.3% vs 70.9% (P = .94).
    Conclusion: The presence of a NRTP at a medical student's home institution is associated with improved NRMP match outcomes. This held true both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Applicants from schools with a NRTP had more publication experiences and were more likely to complete a RGY. Completion of a RGY is associated with an increased likelihood of matching only for students with an affiliated NRTP.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 135446-2
    ISSN 1524-4040 ; 0148-396X
    ISSN (online) 1524-4040
    ISSN 0148-396X
    DOI 10.1227/neu.0000000000002907
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Formation of a de novo intracranial arteriovenous fistula in a child with PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome.

    Roth, Steven G / Feldman, Michael J / Borst, Alexandra J / Froehler, Michael T

    Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery

    2021  Volume 38, Issue 5, Page(s) 1029–1033

    Abstract: Purpose: Dural arteriovenous fistulae (dAVF) are an uncommon feature of PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS). We report a case of an adolescent male diagnosed with PHTS following the treatment of multiple intracranial dAVF to emphasize the association ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Dural arteriovenous fistulae (dAVF) are an uncommon feature of PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS). We report a case of an adolescent male diagnosed with PHTS following the treatment of multiple intracranial dAVF to emphasize the association of vascular anomalies with this disorder and discuss potential implications.
    Case report: An adolescent male presented with bilateral proptosis secondary to intracranial venous hypertension. Workup revealed the presence of a complex intracranial dAVF which was treated with several embolization procedures. Following treatment, a de novo dAVF was identified on surveillance imaging. A genetic workup revealed a pathogenic mutation in PTEN consistent with a diagnosis of PHTS.
    Conclusions: Recognition that PHTS may be associated with dAVF, and potentially delayed spontaneous formation of dAVF, is critically important due to the potential for devastating yet preventable neurologic sequelae.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Arteriovenous Fistula/complications ; Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnostic imaging ; Arteriovenous Fistula/genetics ; Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/complications ; Child ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple/complications ; Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple/diagnostic imaging ; Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
    Chemical Substances PTEN Phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.67) ; PTEN protein, human (EC 3.1.3.67)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-18
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605988-0
    ISSN 1433-0350 ; 0302-2803 ; 0256-7040
    ISSN (online) 1433-0350
    ISSN 0302-2803 ; 0256-7040
    DOI 10.1007/s00381-021-05321-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book: Protein expression in animal cells

    Roth, Michael G.

    (Methods in cell biology ; 43)

    1994  

    Author's details ed. by Michael G. Roth
    Series title Methods in cell biology ; 43
    Collection
    Keywords Proteins / biosynthesis ; Gene Expression ; Cells, Cultured ; Genetic Vectors ; Tierzelle ; Genexpression ; Proteine ; Expressivität
    Subject Eiweiss ; Protein ; Tiere
    Language English
    Size XVI, 379 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher Acad. Press
    Publishing place San Diego u.a.
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT006436840
    ISBN 0-12-564144-3 ; 0-12-598560-6 ; 978-0-12-564144-9 ; 978-0-12-598560-4
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  5. Book: Neurowissenschaften und Philosophie

    Pauen, Michael / Roth, Gerhard

    eine Einführung

    (UTB ; 2208 : Philosophie, Neurowissenschaften)

    2001  

    Author's details Michael Pauen ; Gerhard Roth
    Series title UTB ; 2208 : Philosophie, Neurowissenschaften
    Collection
    Keywords Hirnforschung ; Interdisziplinäre Forschung
    Subject Fächerübergreifende Forschung ; Gehirn ; Gehirnforschung
    Language German
    Size 342 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher Fink
    Publishing place München
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT012999362
    ISBN 978-3-7705-3548-4 ; 3-8252-2208-X ; 3-7705-3548-0 ; 978-3-8252-2208-6
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  6. Article ; Online: Evaluation of renal values during treatment for heartworm disease in 27 client-owned dogs.

    Vetter, C Autumn M / Meindl, Alison G / Lourenço, Bianca N / Coyne, Michael / Drake, Corie / Murphy, Rachel / Roth, Ira G / Moorhead, Andrew R

    Parasites & vectors

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 191

    Abstract: Background: Canine heartworm disease (CHD) caused by Dirofilaria immitis remains a common preventable disease with increasing incidence in some parts of the USA. The treatment guidelines of the American Heartworm Society (AHS) currently recommend ... ...

    Abstract Background: Canine heartworm disease (CHD) caused by Dirofilaria immitis remains a common preventable disease with increasing incidence in some parts of the USA. The treatment guidelines of the American Heartworm Society (AHS) currently recommend monthly macrocyclic lactone administration, 28 days of doxycycline given orally every 12 h and three injections of melarsomine dihydrochloride (1 injection on day 2 of treatment followed 30 days later by 2 injections 24 h apart). Minocycline has also been utilized when doxycycline is unavailable. The systemic effects of CHD, which particularly impact cardiac and renal function, have been described, with infected dogs often experiencing renal damage characterized by an increase in serum concentrations of renal biomarkers. Although the AHS treatment protocol for CHD has been shown to be safe and effective in most cases, the potential for complications remains. No study as of yet has evaluated changes in symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), a sensitive marker of renal function, during treatment for CHD. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate renal function in dogs by measuring serum creatinine and SDMA concentrations during the adulticide treatment period.
    Methods: Serum creatinine and SDMA concentrations were measured in 27 client-owned dogs affected by CHD at the following time points: prior to starting doxycycline or minocycline therapy (baseline), during doxycycline or minocycline therapy (interim), at the time of the first dose of melarsomine (first dose), at the time of the second dose of melarsomine (second dose) and at the dog's follow-up visit after treatment, occurring between 1 and 6 months after completion of therapy (post-treatment). Concentrations of creatinine and SDMA were compared between time points using a mixed effects linear model.
    Results: Mean SDMA concentrations following the second dose of melarsomine were significantly lower (-1.80 ug/dL, t-test, df = 99.067, t = -2.694, P-Value = 0.00829) than baseline concentrations. There were no other statistically significant differences in the concentration of either biomarker between the baseline and the other time points in CHD dogs undergoing treatment.
    Conclusions: The results suggest that the current AHS protocol may not have a substantial impact on renal function.
    MeSH term(s) Dogs ; Animals ; Dirofilariasis/drug therapy ; Doxycycline ; Minocycline ; Creatinine ; Dog Diseases/drug therapy ; Filaricides ; Dirofilaria immitis ; Biomarkers ; Heart Diseases
    Chemical Substances melarsomine (374GJ0S41A) ; Doxycycline (N12000U13O) ; Minocycline (FYY3R43WGO) ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU) ; Filaricides ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2409480-8
    ISSN 1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
    ISSN (online) 1756-3305
    ISSN 1756-3305
    DOI 10.1186/s13071-023-05779-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Predictors of acute post-thrombectomy intracranial hemorrhage expansion in anterior circulation infarcts.

    Bhamidipati, Akshay / Mummareddy, Nishit / Ahn, Seoiyoung / Bendfeldt, Gabriel / Lyons, Alexander T / Gangavarapu, Surya / Chen, Jeffrey / Jo, Jacob / Kamal, Naveed / Roth, Steven G / Froehler, Michael T / Chitale, Rohan V / Fusco, Matthew R

    Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences

    2024  , Page(s) 15910199241247884

    Abstract: Background: Post-mechanical thrombectomy (MT) intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a major source of morbidity in treated acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion. ICH expansion may further contribute to morbidity. We sought to identify ... ...

    Abstract Background: Post-mechanical thrombectomy (MT) intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a major source of morbidity in treated acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion. ICH expansion may further contribute to morbidity. We sought to identify factors associated with ICH expansion on imaging evaluation post-MT.
    Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing MT at a single comprehensive stroke center. Per protocol, patients underwent dual-energy head CT (DEHCT) post-MT followed by a 24-h interval non-contrast enhanced MRI. ICH expansion was defined as any increase in blood volume between the two studies if identified on the DEHCT. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify risk factors for ICH expansion.
    Results: ICH was identified on DEHCT in 13% of patients (
    Conclusion: Expansion of post-MT ICH on 24-h interval MRI relative to immediate post-thrombectomy DEHCT is significantly associated with baseline anticoagulant usage and petechial hemorrhage inside the infarct margins or presence of intraparenchymal hematoma (ECASS-II HI2/PH1/PH2).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1354913-3
    ISSN 2385-2011 ; 1591-0199 ; 1123-9344
    ISSN (online) 2385-2011
    ISSN 1591-0199 ; 1123-9344
    DOI 10.1177/15910199241247884
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Predictive Dispatch of Volunteer First Responders: Algorithm Development and Validation.

    Khalemsky, Michael / Khalemsky, Anna / Lankenau, Stephen / Ataiants, Janna / Roth, Alexis / Marcu, Gabriela / Schwartz, David G

    JMIR mHealth and uHealth

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) e41551

    Abstract: Background: Smartphone-based emergency response apps are increasingly being used to identify and dispatch volunteer first responders (VFRs) to medical emergencies to provide faster first aid, which is associated with better prognoses. Volunteers' ... ...

    Abstract Background: Smartphone-based emergency response apps are increasingly being used to identify and dispatch volunteer first responders (VFRs) to medical emergencies to provide faster first aid, which is associated with better prognoses. Volunteers' availability and willingness to respond are uncertain, leading in recent studies to response rates of 17% to 47%. Dispatch algorithms that select volunteers based on their estimated time of arrival (ETA) without considering the likelihood of response may be suboptimal due to a large percentage of alerts wasted on VFRs with shorter ETA but a low likelihood of response, resulting in delays until a volunteer who will actually respond can be dispatched.
    Objective: This study aims to improve the decision-making process of human emergency medical services dispatchers and autonomous dispatch algorithms by presenting a novel approach for predicting whether a VFR will respond to or ignore a given alert.
    Methods: We developed and compared 4 analytical models to predict VFRs' response behaviors based on emergency event characteristics, volunteers' demographic data and previous experience, and condition-specific parameters. We tested these 4 models using 4 different algorithms applied on actual demographic and response data from a 12-month study of 112 VFRs who received 993 alerts to respond to 188 opioid overdose emergencies. Model 4 used an additional dynamically updated synthetic dichotomous variable, frequent responder, which reflects the responder's previous behavior.
    Results: The highest accuracy (260/329, 79.1%) of prediction that a VFR will ignore an alert was achieved by 2 models that used events data, VFRs' demographic data, and their previous response experience, with slightly better overall accuracy (248/329, 75.4%) for model 4, which used the frequent responder indicator. Another model that used events data and VFRs' previous experience but did not use demographic data provided a high-accuracy prediction (277/329, 84.2%) of ignored alerts but a low-accuracy prediction (153/329, 46.5%) of responded alerts. The accuracy of the model that used events data only was unacceptably low. The J48 decision tree algorithm provided the best accuracy.
    Conclusions: VFR dispatch has evolved in the last decades, thanks to technological advances and a better understanding of VFR management. The dispatch of substitute responders is a common approach in VFR systems. Predicting the response behavior of candidate responders in advance of dispatch can allow any VFR system to choose the best possible response candidates based not only on ETA but also on the probability of actual response. The integration of the probability to respond into the dispatch algorithm constitutes a new generation of individual dispatch, making this one of the first studies to harness the power of predictive analytics for VFR dispatch. Our findings can help VFR network administrators in their continual efforts to improve the response times of their networks and to save lives.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Emergencies ; Administrative Personnel ; Algorithms ; Emergency Responders ; Volunteers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-28
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2719220-9
    ISSN 2291-5222 ; 2291-5222
    ISSN (online) 2291-5222
    ISSN 2291-5222
    DOI 10.2196/41551
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Toward an Organic Theory for the Cultural-Historical Sciences.

    Roth, Wolff-Michael

    Integrative psychological & behavioral science

    2020  Volume 54, Issue 2, Page(s) 286–307

    Abstract: ... radical consequences for the cultural sciences in that cherished notions-e.g. mediation, identity ...

    Abstract In present-day cultural-historical sciences, explanations of activity are provided in terms of thing-like, independent, and self-actional entities including subject, object, tool, sign, mind, culture, meaning, and community. In this theory-building contribution, I instead suggest an organic theory to theorize activity in terms of events, characterized by actuality and becomingness. Organic theories have radical consequences for the cultural sciences in that cherished notions-e.g. mediation, identity, intersubjectivity, and cause-effect relation-no longer have a place in organic theories of human activity. This study describes the foundations of an organic approach, provides an analysis exemplifying an organic view, and develops some of its implications for the cultural-historical sciences.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Negotiating
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2396310-4
    ISSN 1936-3567 ; 1932-4502
    ISSN (online) 1936-3567
    ISSN 1932-4502
    DOI 10.1007/s12124-019-09510-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Use of patient-derived explants as a preclinical model for precision medicine in colorectal cancer: A scoping review.

    Mui, Milton / Clark, Molly / Vu, Tamara M S H / Clemons, Nicholas / Hollande, Frédéric / Roth, Sara / Ramsay, Robert / Michael, Michael / Heriot, Alexander G / Kong, Joseph C H

    Langenbeck's archives of surgery

    2023  Volume 408, Issue 1, Page(s) 392

    Abstract: Purpose: Whilst the treatment paradigm for colorectal cancer has evolved significantly over time, there is still a lack of reliable biomarkers of treatment response. Treatment decisions are based on high-risk features such as advanced TNM stage and ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Whilst the treatment paradigm for colorectal cancer has evolved significantly over time, there is still a lack of reliable biomarkers of treatment response. Treatment decisions are based on high-risk features such as advanced TNM stage and histology. The role of the tumour microenvironment, which can influence tumour progression and treatment response, has generated considerable interest. Patient-derived explant cultures allow preservation of native tissue architecture and tumour microenvironment. The aim of the scoping review is to evaluate the utility of patient-derived explant cultures as a preclinical model in colorectal cancer.
    Methods: A search was conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from start of database records to September 1, 2022. We included all peer-reviewed human studies in English language which used patient-derived explants as a preclinical model in primary colorectal cancer. Eligible studies were grouped into the following categories: assessing model feasibility; exploring tumour microenvironment; assessing ex vivo drug responses; discovering and validating biomarkers.
    Results: A total of 60 studies were eligible. Fourteen studies demonstrated feasibility of using patient-derived explants as a preclinical model. Ten studies explored the tumour microenvironment. Thirty-eight studies assessed ex vivo drug responses of chemotherapy agents and targeted therapies. Twenty-four studies identified potential biomarkers of treatment response.
    Conclusions: Given the preservation of tumour microenvironment and tumour heterogeneity, patient-derived explants has the potential to identify reliable biomarkers, treatment resistance mechanisms, and novel therapeutic agents. Further validation studies are required to characterise, refine and standardise this preclinical model before it can become a part of precision medicine in colorectal cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Precision Medicine ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-10
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1423681-3
    ISSN 1435-2451 ; 1435-2443
    ISSN (online) 1435-2451
    ISSN 1435-2443
    DOI 10.1007/s00423-023-03133-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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