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  1. Article ; Online: In situ

    Mildner, Malte / Hanio, Simon / Endres, Sebastian / Scheller, Lena / Engel, Bettina / Castañar, Laura / Meinel, Lorenz / Pöppler, Ann-Christin

    Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 10, Page(s) 1468–1472

    Abstract: There are various commercially available setups for studying drug permeation, which differ in cost and manual labor. We explore an artificial membrane in an NMR tube to assess drug permeation with automated measurements. NMR-based concentrations were ... ...

    Abstract There are various commercially available setups for studying drug permeation, which differ in cost and manual labor. We explore an artificial membrane in an NMR tube to assess drug permeation with automated measurements. NMR-based concentrations were validated with HPLC and compared to a conventional setup. Setup-specific challenges and workarounds as well as future setup-designs for this and other applications are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Membranes, Artificial ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
    Chemical Substances Membranes, Artificial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2515210-5
    ISSN 1759-9679 ; 1759-9660
    ISSN (online) 1759-9679
    ISSN 1759-9660
    DOI 10.1039/d3ay01995k
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Solid microemulsion preconcentrates on pH responsive metal-organic framework for tableting.

    Scheller, Lena / Bachmann, Stephanie / Zorn, Theresa / Hanio, Simon / Gbureck, Uwe / Fatouros, Dimitrios / Pöppler, Ann-Christin / Meinel, Lorenz

    European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V

    2023  Volume 186, Page(s) 105–111

    Abstract: Poorly water-soluble drugs are frequently formulated with lipid-based formulations including microemulsions and their preconcentrates. We detailed the solidification of drug-loaded microemulsion preconcentrates with the acid-sensitive metal-organic ... ...

    Abstract Poorly water-soluble drugs are frequently formulated with lipid-based formulations including microemulsions and their preconcentrates. We detailed the solidification of drug-loaded microemulsion preconcentrates with the acid-sensitive metal-organic framework ZIF-8 by X-ray powder diffraction and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Adsorption and desorption dynamics were analyzed by fluorescence measurement, high-performance liquid chromatography, dynamic light scattering and
    MeSH term(s) Metal-Organic Frameworks ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Water/chemistry ; Emulsions/chemistry ; Lipids/chemistry ; Tablets ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
    Chemical Substances Metal-Organic Frameworks ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Emulsions ; Lipids ; Tablets
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-22
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1065368-5
    ISSN 1873-3441 ; 0939-6411
    ISSN (online) 1873-3441
    ISSN 0939-6411
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.03.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: A comparative study of CE‐SDS, SDS‐PAGE, and Simple Western—Precision, repeatability, and apparent molecular mass shifts by glycosylation

    Scheller, Christin / Krebs, Finja / Wiesner, Rebecca / Wätzig, Hermann / Oltmann‐Norden, Imke

    Electrophoresis. 2021 Aug., v. 42, no. 14-15

    2021  

    Abstract: SDS gel electrophoresis is a commonly used approach for monitoring purity and apparent molecular mass (Mr) of proteins, especially in the field of quality control of biopharmaceutical proteins. The technological installation of CE‐SDS as the replacement ... ...

    Abstract SDS gel electrophoresis is a commonly used approach for monitoring purity and apparent molecular mass (Mr) of proteins, especially in the field of quality control of biopharmaceutical proteins. The technological installation of CE‐SDS as the replacement of the slab gel technique (SDS‐PAGE) is still in progress, leading to a continuous improvement of CE‐SDS instruments. Various CE‐SDS instruments, namely Maurice (CE‐SDS/CE‐SDS PLUS) and Wes by ProteinSimple as well as the microchip gel electrophoresis system LabChip® GXII Touch™ HT by PerkinElmer were tested for precision and repeatability compared to SDS‐PAGE (Bio‐Rad). For assessing these quality control parameters, standard model proteins with minor post‐translational modifications were used. Overall, it can be concluded that the CE‐SDS‐based methods are similar to SDS‐PAGE with respect to these parameters. Quality characteristics of test systems gain more significance by testing proteins that do not behave like model proteins. Therefore, glycosylated proteins were analyzed to comparatively investigate the influence of glycosylation on Mr determination in the different instruments. In some cases, high deviations were found both among the methods and with regard to reference values. This article provides possible explanations for these findings.
    Keywords biopharmaceuticals ; comparative study ; gels ; glycosylation ; microchip technology ; molecular weight ; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; quality control
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-08
    Size p. 1521-1531.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 619001-7
    ISSN 1522-2683 ; 0173-0835
    ISSN (online) 1522-2683
    ISSN 0173-0835
    DOI 10.1002/elps.202100068
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Protein analysis and stability: Overcoming trial-and-error by grouping according to physicochemical properties.

    Wätzig, Hermann / Hoffstedt, Marc / Krebs, Finja / Minkner, Robert / Scheller, Christin / Zagst, Holger

    Journal of chromatography. A

    2021  Volume 1649, Page(s) 462234

    Abstract: Today proteins are possibly the most important class of substances. Yet new tasks for proteins are still often solved by trial-and-error approaches. However, in some areas these euphemistically called "screening approaches" are not suitable. E.g. ... ...

    Abstract Today proteins are possibly the most important class of substances. Yet new tasks for proteins are still often solved by trial-and-error approaches. However, in some areas these euphemistically called "screening approaches" are not suitable. E.g. stability tests just take too long and therefore require a more strategic, target-orientated concept. This concept is available by grouping proteins according to their physicochemical properties and then pulling out the right drawer for new tasks. These properties include size, then charge and hydrophobicity as well as their patchinesses, and the degree of order. In addition, solubility, the content of (free) enthalpy, aromatic-amino-acid- and α/β-frequency as well as helix capping, and corresponding patchiness, the number of specific motifs and domains as well as the typical concentration range can be helpful to discriminate between different groups of proteins. Analyzing correlations will reduce the necessary amount of parameters and additional ones, which may be still undiscovered at the present time, can be identified looking at protein subgroups with similar physicochemical properties which still behave heterogeneously. Step-by-step the methodology will be improved. Possibly protein stability will be the driver of this process, but all other areas such as production, purification and analytics including sample pre-treatment and the choice of appropriate separation conditions for e.g. chromatography and electrophoresis will profit from a rational strategy.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acids/analysis ; Chromatography, Liquid/methods ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Proteins/analysis ; Proteins/chemistry ; Solubility ; Thermodynamics
    Chemical Substances Amino Acids ; Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1171488-8
    ISSN 1873-3778 ; 0021-9673
    ISSN (online) 1873-3778
    ISSN 0021-9673
    DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462234
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A comparative study of CE-SDS, SDS-PAGE, and Simple Western-Precision, repeatability, and apparent molecular mass shifts by glycosylation.

    Scheller, Christin / Krebs, Finja / Wiesner, Rebecca / Wätzig, Hermann / Oltmann-Norden, Imke

    Electrophoresis

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 14-15, Page(s) 1521–1531

    Abstract: SDS gel electrophoresis is a commonly used approach for monitoring purity and apparent molecular mass (Mr) of proteins, especially in the field of quality control of biopharmaceutical proteins. The technological installation of CE-SDS as the replacement ... ...

    Abstract SDS gel electrophoresis is a commonly used approach for monitoring purity and apparent molecular mass (Mr) of proteins, especially in the field of quality control of biopharmaceutical proteins. The technological installation of CE-SDS as the replacement of the slab gel technique (SDS-PAGE) is still in progress, leading to a continuous improvement of CE-SDS instruments. Various CE-SDS instruments, namely Maurice (CE-SDS/CE-SDS PLUS) and Wes by ProteinSimple as well as the microchip gel electrophoresis system LabChip® GXII Touch™ HT by PerkinElmer were tested for precision and repeatability compared to SDS-PAGE (Bio-Rad). For assessing these quality control parameters, standard model proteins with minor post-translational modifications were used. Overall, it can be concluded that the CE-SDS-based methods are similar to SDS-PAGE with respect to these parameters. Quality characteristics of test systems gain more significance by testing proteins that do not behave like model proteins. Therefore, glycosylated proteins were analyzed to comparatively investigate the influence of glycosylation on Mr determination in the different instruments. In some cases, high deviations were found both among the methods and with regard to reference values. This article provides possible explanations for these findings.
    MeSH term(s) Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Electrophoresis, Microchip ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Glycosylation ; Molecular Weight ; Proteins
    Chemical Substances Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-16
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 619001-7
    ISSN 1522-2683 ; 0173-0835
    ISSN (online) 1522-2683
    ISSN 0173-0835
    DOI 10.1002/elps.202100068
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Isoelectric point determination by imaged CIEF of commercially available SARS-CoV-2 proteins and the hACE2 receptor.

    Krebs, Finja / Scheller, Christin / Grove-Heike, Kristina / Pohl, Lena / Wätzig, Hermann

    Electrophoresis

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 687–692

    Abstract: In order to contribute to the scientific research on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), we have investigated the isoelectric points (pI) of several related proteins, which are commercially available: the receptor-binding ... ...

    Abstract In order to contribute to the scientific research on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), we have investigated the isoelectric points (pI) of several related proteins, which are commercially available: the receptor-binding domain (RBD) with His- and Fc-tag, the S1 subunit with His-tag, the S1/S2 subunits with His-tag and the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) with His-tag. First, the theoretical pI values, based on the amino acid (AA) sequences of the proteins, were calculated using the ProtParam tool from the Bioinformatics Resource Portal ExPASy. The proteins were then measured with the Maurice imaged CIEF system (native fluorescence detection), testing various measurement conditions, such as different ampholytes or ampholyte mixtures. Due to isoforms, we get sections with several peaks and not just one peak for each protein. The determined pI range for the RBD/Fc is 8.24-9.32 (theoretical pI: 8.55), for the RBD/His it is 7.36-9.88 (8.91) and for the S1/His it is 7.30-8.37 (7.80). The pI range of the S1/S2/His is 4.41-5.87 (no theoretical pI, AA sequence unknown) and for hACE2/His, the determined global range is 5.19-6.11 (5.60) for all experimental conditions chosen. All theoretically derived values were found within these ranges, usually close to the center. Therefore, we consider theoretical values as useful to make predictions about the isoelectric points of SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The experimental conditions had only a minor influence on the pI ranges obtained and mainly influenced the peak shapes.
    MeSH term(s) Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/chemistry ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; COVID-19/metabolism ; COVID-19/virology ; Humans ; Isoelectric Focusing/methods ; Isoelectric Point ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Subunits/chemistry ; Protein Subunits/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Protein Subunits ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 619001-7
    ISSN 1522-2683 ; 0173-0835
    ISSN (online) 1522-2683
    ISSN 0173-0835
    DOI 10.1002/elps.202100015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: Method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications-Updated and completely revised edition.

    Krebs, Finja / Zagst, Holger / Stein, Matthias / Ratih, Ratih / Minkner, Robert / Olabi, Mais / Hartung, Sophie / Scheller, Christin / Lapizco-Encinas, Blanca H / Sänger-van de Griend, Cari / García, Carlos D / Wätzig, Hermann

    Electrophoresis

    2023  Volume 44, Issue 17-18, Page(s) 1279–1341

    Abstract: This review is in support of the development of selective, precise, fast, and validated capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods. It follows up a similar article from 1998, Wätzig H, Degenhardt M, Kunkel A. "Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: method ...

    Abstract This review is in support of the development of selective, precise, fast, and validated capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods. It follows up a similar article from 1998, Wätzig H, Degenhardt M, Kunkel A. "Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications," pointing out which fundamentals are still valid and at the same time showing the enormous achievements in the last 25 years. The structures of both reviews are widely similar, in order to facilitate their simultaneous use. Focusing on pharmaceutical and biological applications, the successful use of CE is now demonstrated by more than 600 carefully selected references. Many of those are recent reviews; therefore, a significant overview about the field is provided. There are extra sections about sample pretreatment related to CE and microchip CE, and a completely revised section about method development for protein analytes and biomolecules in general. The general strategies for method development are summed up with regard to selectivity, efficiency, precision, analysis time, limit of detection, sample pretreatment requirements, and validation.
    MeSH term(s) Electrophoresis, Capillary/methods ; Electrophoresis, Microchip ; Proteins ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Chemical Substances Proteins ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-03
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 619001-7
    ISSN 1522-2683 ; 0173-0835
    ISSN (online) 1522-2683
    ISSN 0173-0835
    DOI 10.1002/elps.202300158
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Physicochemical properties of SARS‐CoV‐2 for drug targeting, virus inactivation and attenuation, vaccine formulation and quality control

    Scheller, Christin / Krebs, Finja / Minkner, Robert / Astner, Isabel / Gil‐Moles, Maria / Wätzig, Hermann

    Electrophoresis. 2020 July, v. 41, no. 13-14

    2020  

    Abstract: The material properties of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and its proteins are discussed. We review the viral structure, size, rigidity, lipophilicity, isoelectric point, buoyant density and centrifugation conditions, ... ...

    Abstract The material properties of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and its proteins are discussed. We review the viral structure, size, rigidity, lipophilicity, isoelectric point, buoyant density and centrifugation conditions, stability against pH, temperature, UV light, gamma radiation, and susceptibility to various chemical agents including solvents and detergents. Possible inactivation, downstream, and formulation conditions are given including suitable buffers and some first ideas for quality‐control methods. This information supports vaccine development and discussion with competent authorities during vaccine approval and is certainly related to drug‐targeting strategies and hygienics. Several instructive tables are given, including the pI and grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY) of SARS‐CoV‐1 and ‐2 proteins in comparison. SARS‐CoV‐1 and SARS‐CoV‐2 are similar in many regards, so information can often be derived. Both are unusually stable, but sensitive at their lipophilic membranes. However, since seemingly small differences can have strong effects, for example, on immunologically relevant epitope settings, unevaluated knowledge transfer from SARS‐CoV‐1 to SARS‐CoV‐2 cannot be advised. Published knowledge regarding downstream processes, formulations and quality assuring methods is, as yet, limited. However, standard approaches employed for other viruses and vaccines seem to be feasible including virus inactivation, centrifugation conditions, and the use of adjuvants.
    Keywords Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; centrifugation ; electrophoresis ; epitopes ; gamma radiation ; isoelectric point ; lipophilicity ; pH ; quality control ; temperature ; ultraviolet radiation ; vaccine development ; vaccines ; viral morphology ; viruses
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-07
    Size p. 1137-1151.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean ; REVIEW
    ZDB-ID 619001-7
    ISSN 1522-2683 ; 0173-0835
    ISSN (online) 1522-2683
    ISSN 0173-0835
    DOI 10.1002/elps.202000121
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Isoelectric point determination by imaged CIEF of commercially available SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins and the hACE2 receptor

    Krebs, Finja / Scheller, Christin / Grove‐Heike, Kristina / Pohl, Lena / Wätzig, Hermann

    Electrophoresis. 2021 Mar., v. 42, no. 6

    2021  

    Abstract: In order to contribute to the scientific research on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), we have investigated the isoelectric points (pI) of several related proteins, which are commercially available: the receptor‐binding ... ...

    Abstract In order to contribute to the scientific research on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), we have investigated the isoelectric points (pI) of several related proteins, which are commercially available: the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) with His‐ and Fc‐tag, the S1 subunit with His‐tag, the S1/S2 subunits with His‐tag and the human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) with His‐tag. First, the theoretical pI values, based on the amino acid (AA) sequences of the proteins, were calculated using the ProtParam tool from the Bioinformatics Resource Portal ExPASy. The proteins were then measured with the Maurice imaged CIEF system (native fluorescence detection), testing various measurement conditions, such as different ampholytes or ampholyte mixtures. Due to isoforms, we get sections with several peaks and not just one peak for each protein. The determined pI range for the RBD/Fc is 8.24–9.32 (theoretical pI: 8.55), for the RBD/His it is 7.36–9.88 (8.91) and for the S1/His it is 7.30–8.37 (7.80). The pI range of the S1/S2/His is 4.41–5.87 (no theoretical pI, AA sequence unknown) and for hACE2/His, the determined global range is 5.19–6.11 (5.60) for all experimental conditions chosen. All theoretically derived values were found within these ranges, usually close to the center. Therefore, we consider theoretical values as useful to make predictions about the isoelectric points of SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins. The experimental conditions had only a minor influence on the pI ranges obtained and mainly influenced the peak shapes.
    Keywords Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; amino acids ; bioinformatics ; electrophoresis ; fluorescence ; humans ; isoelectric point ; peptidyl-dipeptidase A
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-03
    Size p. 687-692.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 619001-7
    ISSN 1522-2683 ; 0173-0835
    ISSN (online) 1522-2683
    ISSN 0173-0835
    DOI 10.1002/elps.202100015
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: A comparative study of CE‐SDS, SDS‐PAGE, and Simple Western: Influences of sample preparation on molecular weight determination of proteins

    Wiesner, Rebecca / Scheller, Christin / Krebs, Finja / Wätzig, Hermann / Oltmann‐Norden, Imke

    Electrophoresis. 2021 Feb., v. 42, no. 3

    2021  

    Abstract: The development of capillary electrophoresis, especially CE‐SDS devices, has led CE‐SDS to become an established tool in a wide range of applications in the analysis of biopharmaceuticals and is increasingly replacing its method of origin, SDS‐PAGE. The ... ...

    Abstract The development of capillary electrophoresis, especially CE‐SDS devices, has led CE‐SDS to become an established tool in a wide range of applications in the analysis of biopharmaceuticals and is increasingly replacing its method of origin, SDS‐PAGE. The goal of this study was to evaluate the comparability of molecular weight (MW) determination especially by CE‐SDS and SDS‐PAGE. For ensuring comparability, model proteins that have little or no posttranslational modifications and an IgG antibody were used. Only a minor influence of sample preparation conditions, including sample buffer, temperature conditions, and different reducing agents on the MW determination were found. In contrast, the selection of the MW marker plays a decisive role in determining the accurate apparent MW of a protein. When using different MW markers, the deviation in MW determination can exceed 10%. Interestingly, CE‐SDS and 10% SDS‐PAGE hardly differ in their trueness of MW determination. The trueness in relation to the reference MW for each protein was calculated. Although the trueness values for the model proteins considered range between 1.00 and 1.11 using CE‐SDS, they range between 0.93 and 1.03 on SDS‐PAGE, depending on the experimental conditions chosen.
    Keywords antibodies ; biopharmaceuticals ; capillary electrophoresis ; comparative study ; molecular weight ; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-02
    Size p. 206-218.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 619001-7
    ISSN 1522-2683 ; 0173-0835
    ISSN (online) 1522-2683
    ISSN 0173-0835
    DOI 10.1002/elps.202000199
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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