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Article ; Online: A comparative analysis of nutritional quality, amino acid profile, and nutritional supplementations in plant-based products and their animal-based counterparts in the UK.

Zhang, Liangzi / Langlois, Ellie / Williams, Katie / Tejera, Noemi / Omieljaniuk, Maja / Finglas, Paul / Traka, Maria H

2024 Volume 448, Page(s) 139059

Abstract: Plant-based (PB) food products have surged in popularity over the past decade. Available PB products in the UK market were extracted from NielsenIQ Brandbank and compared with animal-based (AB) counterparts in their nutrient contents and calculated Nutri- ...

Abstract	Plant-based (PB) food products have surged in popularity over the past decade. Available PB products in the UK market were extracted from NielsenIQ Brandbank and compared with animal-based (AB) counterparts in their nutrient contents and calculated Nutri-Scores. The amino acid contents of four beef products and their PB alternatives were analysed by LC-MS/MS. PB products consistently exhibited significantly higher fibre content across all food groups. Protein was significantly higher in AB products from all food groups except beef and ready meals. PB products were more likely to have higher Nutri-Scores compared to AB counterparts, albeit with greater score variability within each food group. Nutrient fortifications were primarily focused on dairy and ready meals; the most supplemented nutrient was vitamin B12 (found in 15% of all products). A higher proportion of EAAs in relation to total protein content was observed in all beef products.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Nutritive Value ; Amino Acids/analysis ; United Kingdom ; Cattle ; Dietary Supplements/analysis ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Chemical Substances	Amino Acids
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comparative Study
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139059
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Article ; Online: Sulforaphane rewires central metabolism to support antioxidant response and achieve glucose homeostasis.

Bernuzzi, Federico / Maertens, Andre / Saha, Shikha / Troncoso-Rey, Perla / Ludwig, Tobias / Hiller, Karsten / Mithen, Richard F / Korcsmaros, Tamas / Traka, Maria H

Redox biology

2023 Volume 67, Page(s) 102878

Abstract: Cruciferous-rich diets, particularly broccoli, have been associated with reduced risk of developing cancers of various sites, cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes. Sulforaphane (SF), a sulfur-containing broccoli-derived metabolite, has been ... ...

Abstract	Cruciferous-rich diets, particularly broccoli, have been associated with reduced risk of developing cancers of various sites, cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes. Sulforaphane (SF), a sulfur-containing broccoli-derived metabolite, has been identified as the major bioactive compound mediating these health benefits. Sulforaphane is a potent dietary activator of the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid-like 2 (NRF2), the master regulator of antioxidant cell capacity responsible for inducing cytoprotective genes, but its role in glucose homeostasis remains unclear. In this study, we set to test the hypothesis that SF regulates glucose metabolism and ameliorates glucose overload and its resulting oxidative stress by inducing NRF2 in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were exposed to varying glucose concentrations: basal (5.5 mM) and high glucose (25 mM), in the presence of physiological concentrations of SF (10 μM). SF upregulated the expression of glutathione (GSH) biosynthetic genes and significantly increased levels of reduced GSH. Labelled glucose and glutamine experiments to measure metabolic fluxes identified that SF increased intracellular utilisation of glycine and glutamate by redirecting the latter away from the TCA cycle and increased the import of cysteine from the media, likely to support glutathione synthesis. Furthermore, SF altered pathways generating NADPH, the necessary cofactor for oxidoreductase reactions, namely pentose phosphate pathway and 1C-metabolism, leading to the redirection of glucose away from glycolysis and towards PPP and of methionine towards methylation substrates. Finally, transcriptomic and targeted metabolomics LC-MS analysis of NRF2-KD HepG2 cells generated using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing revealed that the above metabolic effects are mediated through NRF2. These results suggest that the antioxidant properties of cruciferous diets are intricately connected to their metabolic benefits.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Isothiocyanates/pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Glucose
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; sulforaphane (GA49J4310U) ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Isothiocyanates ; Glutathione (GAN16C9B8O) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-07
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701011-9
ISSN	2213-2317 ; 2213-2317
ISSN (online)	2213-2317
ISSN	2213-2317
DOI	10.1016/j.redox.2023.102878
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Article: Characterisation of the Introgression of

Neequaye, Mikhaela / Steuernagel, Burkhard / Saha, Shikha / Trick, Martin / Troncoso-Rey, Perla / van den Bosch, Frans / Traka, Maria H / Østergaard, Lars / Mithen, Richard

Frontiers in plant science

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 855707

Abstract: Broccoli cultivars that have enhanced accumulation of methionine-derived glucosinolates have been developed through the introgression of a novel allele of ... ...

Abstract	Broccoli cultivars that have enhanced accumulation of methionine-derived glucosinolates have been developed through the introgression of a novel allele of the
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2613694-6
ISSN	1664-462X
ISSN	1664-462X
DOI	10.3389/fpls.2022.855707
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Article ; Online: Accumulation of Sulforaphane and Alliin in Human Prostate Tissue.

Livingstone, Tracey L / Saha, Shikha / Bernuzzi, Federico / Savva, George M / Troncoso-Rey, Perla / Traka, Maria H / Mills, Robert D / Ball, Richard Y / Mithen, Richard F

Nutrients

2022 Volume 14, Issue 16

Abstract: Diets rich in cruciferous vegetables have been associated with a lower risk of incidence and progression of prostate cancer. Sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate derived from 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinolate (glucoraphanin) that accumulates in certain of ... ...

Abstract	Diets rich in cruciferous vegetables have been associated with a lower risk of incidence and progression of prostate cancer. Sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate derived from 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinolate (glucoraphanin) that accumulates in certain of these vegetables, notably broccoli, has been implicated in their protective effects. Likewise, the consumption of garlic and its sulphur-containing compounds such as alliin have been associated with a reduction in risk of prostate cancer. In this study, we tested whether consuming glucoraphanin derived from broccoli seeds and alliin derived from garlic resulted in the occurrence of these potential bioactive compounds in the prostate, which may contribute to our understanding of the putative protective effects of these dietary components. We recruited 42 men scheduled for a trans-perineal prostate biopsy into a randomised, double-blinded, 2 × 2-factorial dietary supplement four-week intervention study, and 39 completed the study. The two active interventions were supplements providing glucoraphanin from broccoli (BroccoMax®) and alliin from garlic (Kwai Heartcare®). Following the intervention, prostate biopsy tissue was analysed for the presence of sulforaphane and its thiol conjugates and for alliin and associated metabolites. Sulforaphane occurred in significantly higher levels in the prostate tissue (both within the transition and peripheral zone) of men consuming the glucoraphanin containing supplements (p < 0.0001) compared to men not consuming these supplements. However, while alliin and alliin-derived metabolites were detected within the prostate, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of these compounds in the prostate of men consuming supplements derived from garlic compared to men not consuming these supplements.
MeSH term(s)	Allium ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Brassica/metabolism ; Cysteine/analogs & derivatives ; Glucosinolates/metabolism ; Humans ; Imidoesters/metabolism ; Isothiocyanates/metabolism ; Male ; Prostate/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Sulfoxides
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Glucosinolates ; Imidoesters ; Isothiocyanates ; Sulfoxides ; alliin (7I4L2D0E9G) ; sulforaphane (GA49J4310U) ; Cysteine (K848JZ4886)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14163263
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Article ; Online: Plant science and human nutrition: challenges in assessing health-promoting properties of phytochemicals.

Traka, Maria H / Mithen, Richard F

The Plant cell

2011 Volume 23, Issue 7, Page(s) 2483–2497

Abstract: The rise in noncommunicable chronic diseases associated with changing diet and lifestyles throughout the world is a major challenge for society. It is possible that certain dietary components within plants have roles both in reducing the incidence and ... ...

Abstract	The rise in noncommunicable chronic diseases associated with changing diet and lifestyles throughout the world is a major challenge for society. It is possible that certain dietary components within plants have roles both in reducing the incidence and progression of these diseases. We critically review the types of evidence used to support the health promoting activities of certain phytochemicals and plant-based foods and summarize the major contributions but also the limitations of epidemiological and observational studies and research with the use of cell and animal models. We stress the need for human intervention studies to provide high-quality evidence for health benefits of dietary components derived from plants.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chronic Disease/prevention & control ; Chronic Disease/therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Diet ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Nutritional Status ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use ; Plants, Edible/chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal/chemistry ; Quercetin/chemistry ; Quercetin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Plant Extracts ; Quercetin (9IKM0I5T1E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-07-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	623171-8
ISSN	1532-298X ; 1040-4651
ISSN (online)	1532-298X
ISSN	1040-4651
DOI	10.1105/tpc.111.087916
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Article ; Online: Sulforaphane and prostate cancer interception.

Traka, Maria H / Melchini, Antonietta / Mithen, Richard F

Drug discovery today

2014 Volume 19, Issue 9, Page(s) 1488–1492

Abstract: Whereas much attention is focused on distinguishing newly diagnosed prostate cancers that will progress to become aggressive forms of the disease from those that will remain indolent, it is also appropriate to explore therapeutic and lifestyle ... ...

Abstract	Whereas much attention is focused on distinguishing newly diagnosed prostate cancers that will progress to become aggressive forms of the disease from those that will remain indolent, it is also appropriate to explore therapeutic and lifestyle interventions to reduce the risk of progression. Diets rich in broccoli have been associated with a reduction in risk of progression, which has been attributed to the compound sulforaphane. Although the mode of action of sulforaphane has been extensively studied in cell and animal models and a multiple of mechanisms that could underpin its protective effects have been proposed, recent evidence from human intervention studies suggests that sulforaphane is involved in a complex interplay between redox status and metabolism to result in a tissue environment that does not favour prostate cancer progression.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents/isolation & purification ; Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology ; Brassica/chemistry ; Diet ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Isothiocyanates/isolation & purification ; Isothiocyanates/pharmacology ; Male ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
Chemical Substances	Anticarcinogenic Agents ; Isothiocyanates ; sulforaphane (GA49J4310U)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-07-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1324988-5
ISSN	1878-5832 ; 1359-6446
ISSN (online)	1878-5832
ISSN	1359-6446
DOI	10.1016/j.drudis.2014.07.007
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Article ; Online: CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing of

Neequaye, Mikhaela / Stavnstrup, Sophia / Harwood, Wendy / Lawrenson, Tom / Hundleby, Penny / Irwin, Judith / Troncoso-Rey, Perla / Saha, Shikha / Traka, Maria H / Mithen, Richard / Østergaard, Lars

The CRISPR journal

2021 Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) 416–426

Abstract: Discoveries in model plants grown under optimal conditions can provide important directions for crop improvement. However, it is important to verify whether results can be translated to crop plants grown in the field. In this study, we sought to study ... ...

Abstract	Discoveries in model plants grown under optimal conditions can provide important directions for crop improvement. However, it is important to verify whether results can be translated to crop plants grown in the field. In this study, we sought to study the role of
MeSH term(s)	Arabidopsis Proteins ; Brassica/genetics ; Brassica/metabolism ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Crops, Agricultural/genetics ; Crops, Agricultural/metabolism ; Gene Editing/methods ; Gene Expression ; Glucosinolates/biosynthesis ; Glucosinolates/genetics ; Histone Acetyltransferases/genetics ; Histone Acetyltransferases/metabolism ; Oximes ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Sulfoxides/metabolism ; United Kingdom
Chemical Substances	Arabidopsis Proteins ; Glucosinolates ; Oximes ; Sulfoxides ; GCN5 protein, Arabidopsis (EC 2.3.1.48) ; Histone Acetyltransferases (EC 2.3.1.48) ; glucoraphanin (Q86A197713)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3017891-5
ISSN	2573-1602 ; 2573-1599
ISSN (online)	2573-1602
ISSN	2573-1599
DOI	10.1089/crispr.2021.0007
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Article: Accumulation of Sulforaphane and Alliin in Human Prostate Tissue

Livingstone, Tracey L. / Saha, Shikha / Bernuzzi, Federico / Savva, George M. / Troncoso-Rey, Perla / Traka, Maria H. / Mills, Robert D. / Ball, Richard Y. / Mithen, Richard F.

Nutrients. 2022 Aug. 10, v. 14, no. 16

2022

Abstract	Diets rich in cruciferous vegetables have been associated with a lower risk of incidence and progression of prostate cancer. Sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate derived from 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinolate (glucoraphanin) that accumulates in certain of these vegetables, notably broccoli, has been implicated in their protective effects. Likewise, the consumption of garlic and its sulphur-containing compounds such as alliin have been associated with a reduction in risk of prostate cancer. In this study, we tested whether consuming glucoraphanin derived from broccoli seeds and alliin derived from garlic resulted in the occurrence of these potential bioactive compounds in the prostate, which may contribute to our understanding of the putative protective effects of these dietary components. We recruited 42 men scheduled for a trans-perineal prostate biopsy into a randomised, double-blinded, 2 × 2-factorial dietary supplement four-week intervention study, and 39 completed the study. The two active interventions were supplements providing glucoraphanin from broccoli (BroccoMax®) and alliin from garlic (Kwai Heartcare®). Following the intervention, prostate biopsy tissue was analysed for the presence of sulforaphane and its thiol conjugates and for alliin and associated metabolites. Sulforaphane occurred in significantly higher levels in the prostate tissue (both within the transition and peripheral zone) of men consuming the glucoraphanin containing supplements (p < 0.0001) compared to men not consuming these supplements. However, while alliin and alliin-derived metabolites were detected within the prostate, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of these compounds in the prostate of men consuming supplements derived from garlic compared to men not consuming these supplements.
Keywords	Brassicaceae ; allicin ; biopsy ; broccoli ; clinical trials ; dietary supplements ; garlic ; glucoraphanin ; humans ; metabolites ; prostatic neoplasms ; risk ; sulforaphane ; thiols
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0810
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14163263
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Biological profile of erucin: a new promising anticancer agent from cruciferous vegetables.

Melchini, Antonietta / Traka, Maria H

Toxins

2010 Volume 2, Issue 4, Page(s) 593–612

Abstract: Consumption of cruciferous vegetables has been associated with a reduced risk in the development of various types of cancer. This has been attributed to the bioactive hydrolysis products that are derived from these vegetables, namely isothiocyanates. ... ...

Abstract	Consumption of cruciferous vegetables has been associated with a reduced risk in the development of various types of cancer. This has been attributed to the bioactive hydrolysis products that are derived from these vegetables, namely isothiocyanates. Erucin is one such product derived from rocket salads, which is structurally related to sulforaphane, a well-studied broccoli-derived isothiocyanate. In this review, we present current knowledge on mechanisms of action of erucin in chemoprevention obtained from cell and animal models and relate it to other isothiocyanates. These mechanisms include modulation of phase I, II and III detoxification, regulation of cell growth by induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, induction of ROS-mechanisms and regulation androgen receptor pathways.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology ; Brassicaceae/chemistry ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Receptors, Androgen/drug effects ; Receptors, Androgen/physiology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Sulfides/pharmacology ; Thiocyanates/pharmacology ; Xenobiotics/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Anticarcinogenic Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Receptors, Androgen ; Sulfides ; Thiocyanates ; Xenobiotics ; erucin (CTE370DL3U)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-04-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518395-3
ISSN	2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
ISSN (online)	2072-6651
ISSN	2072-6651
DOI	10.3390/toxins2040593
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Article ; Online: Plant Bioactives and the Prevention of Prostate Cancer: Evidence from Human Studies.

Livingstone, Tracey L / Beasy, Gemma / Mills, Robert D / Plumb, Jenny / Needs, Paul W / Mithen, Richard / Traka, Maria H

Nutrients

2019 Volume 11, Issue 9

Abstract: Prostate cancer has become the most common form of non-cutaneous (internal) malignancy in men, accounting for 26% of all new male visceral cancer cases in the UK. The aetiology and pathogenesis of prostate cancer are not understood, but given the age- ... ...

Abstract	Prostate cancer has become the most common form of non-cutaneous (internal) malignancy in men, accounting for 26% of all new male visceral cancer cases in the UK. The aetiology and pathogenesis of prostate cancer are not understood, but given the age-adjusted geographical variations in prostate cancer incidence quoted in epidemiological studies, there is increasing interest in nutrition as a relevant factor. In particular, foods rich in phytochemicals have been proposed to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Epidemiological studies have reported evidence that plant-based foods including cruciferous vegetables, garlic, tomatoes, pomegranate and green tea are associated with a significant reduction in the progression of prostate cancer. However, while there is well-documented mechanistic evidence at a cellular level of the manner by which individual dietary components may reduce the risk of prostate cancer or its progression, evidence from intervention studies is limited. Moreover, clinical trials investigating the link between the dietary bioactives found in these foods and prostate cancer have reported varied conclusions. Herein, we review the plant bioactives for which there is substantial evidence from epidemiological and human intervention studies. The aim of this review is to provide important insights into how particular plant bioactives (e.g., sulphur-containing compounds, carotenoids and polyphenols) present in commonly consumed food groups may influence the development and progression of prostate cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Male ; Phytochemicals ; Plant Extracts ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diet therapy ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Prostatic Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Vegetables
Chemical Substances	Phytochemicals ; Plant Extracts
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu11092245
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