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  1. Article: Comparing the Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Topical Steroid Therapy Combination Regimen With Routine Topical Steroid Therapy in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus Symptomatic Patients.

    Panchal, Kalagi G / Gupta, Ekta / Kumar, Amit / Samir, P V / Devika, G S / Awasthi, Vijaya / Singh, Ramanpal

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e44100

    Abstract: Background: For symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP), a wide range of therapeutic approaches have been suggested. To minimize discomfort and symptoms among individuals with symptomatic OLP, extensive therapy is frequently needed. Therefore, finding a ... ...

    Abstract Background: For symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP), a wide range of therapeutic approaches have been suggested. To minimize discomfort and symptoms among individuals with symptomatic OLP, extensive therapy is frequently needed. Therefore, finding a new therapeutic approach that may effectively manage OLP's symptoms and signs while having few adverse effects continues to be a difficult task. Recently, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has become a popular alternative therapy option for OLP with no serious side effects.
    Aim: The present research was designed to compare the effectiveness of a combination regimen of LLLT in addition to topical steroids with routine topical steroid therapy separately in order to manage patients with bothersome OLP with an extended period of follow-up.
    Materials and methods: In our trial, 60 patients were chosen and given sequential numbers as they signed up to take part. The participants were divided randomly into two categories: category A (LLLT plus topical steroids) and category B (only topical steroids). The data were entered into the aforementioned prepared case template after receiving informed consent. The aforementioned prepared case template included the following criteria for evaluating the result of the treatment: pain, recurrence, burning sensation, clinical remission, and size of the lesion. Applying the visual analog scale (VAS), pain, as well as burning sensations, were assessed in both categories. With the aid of the Electronic Digital Vernier Caliper (Mitutoyo, China), these individuals were assessed for the dimension of the lesion.
    Results: The pain score on day 21 of intervention in category A was 2.5, while it was 4.63 in category B. The difference in findings was significant statistically at day 21 (p = 0.0032). The pain score on day 28 of intervention in category A was 1.3, while it was 3.0 in category B. The difference in findings was significant statistically at day 28 (p = 0.003). The pain score was greater in the control category as compared to the intervention category. The burning sensation score on day 21 of intervention in category A was 2.5, while it was 4.5 in category B. The difference in findings was significant statistically (p = 0.0024). The burning sensation score at the follow-up phase on day 45 of intervention in category A was 1.1, while it was 3.4 in category B. The difference in findings was significant statistically (p = 0.002).
    Conclusion: Newer therapeutic techniques are becoming accessible to oral specialists for controlling oral mucosal disorders as a result of evolving dental trends. The gold standard for treating people with symptomatic OLP continues to be topical corticosteroids. The therapeutic advantages of topical corticosteroids, however, are considerably outweighed by their complementary effect when paired with newer treatment methods like LLLT.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.44100
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Waste-to-resources: Opportunities and challenges.

    Khanal, Samir Kumar / Varjani, Sunita / Sze Ki Lin, Carol / Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar

    Bioresource technology

    2020  Volume 317, Page(s) 123987

    MeSH term(s) Conservation of Natural Resources ; Refuse Disposal ; Waste Management
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1065195-0
    ISSN 1873-2976 ; 0960-8524
    ISSN (online) 1873-2976
    ISSN 0960-8524
    DOI 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123987
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Thesis ; Online: Expanding the Role of Second Harmonic Generation in Molecular and Regenerative Cardiology

    Awasthi, Samir

    2013  

    Abstract: Diseases of the myocardium place a large and growing economic burden on the United States' healthcare system. Advancements in pharmaceutical research and clinical and community practices have stemmed mortality rates from the category of diseases, but ... ...

    Abstract Diseases of the myocardium place a large and growing economic burden on the United States' healthcare system. Advancements in pharmaceutical research and clinical and community practices have stemmed mortality rates from the category of diseases, but prevalence and rates of hospitalization remain on the rise. Regenerative and molecular cardiology offer different yet intersecting approaches to understanding and treating these diseases. In regenerative cardiology, one vision is to directly regenerate damaged myocardium via the transplantation of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. In molecular cardiology, understanding the signaling and regulatory pathways that allow diseases such as hypertension and heart failure to feed-forward are paramount. To address specific needs within both fields, we develop the nonlinear optical process of second harmonic generation (SHG) as an enabling imaging technology, with the aim of allowing new and unique experiments to be performed. Within the scope of regenerative cardiology, a specific technical problem is that there is no widely accepted, effective method for purifying pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) for clinical applications. Similarly, there is no effective method for selecting PSC-CMs based on their maturity. We show that SHG can be used to identify and characterize PSC-CMs without the use of exogenous labels. SHG is detectable in PSC-CMs and not detectable in PSCs. Furthermore, SHG signal strength is dependent on PSC-CM maturity and is retained while PSC-CMs are in suspension. The results demonstrate that SHG has the potential to be harnessed for the maturity-based selection of PSC-CMs, but the implementation of nonlinear optical processes in high-speed cytometry is not trivial. In order efficiently deliver enough intensity to the cell sample to excite SHG, we develop a Bessel beam-based excitation scheme suitable for use with microfluidic cell sorters. It is demonstrated that a Bessel beam light sheet can excite detectable SHG in neonatal cardiomyocytes as they flow through a microfluidic channel. The results point toward the feasibility of constructing an SHG-activated microfluidic cell sorter for purifying and sorting PSC-CMs. In molecular cardiology, a hypothesis has emerged from recent research is that there exist local non-uniformities in the structure and function of cardiomyocytes, and that these non-uniformities can drive forward disease processes in cardiomyocytes. Testing such a hypothesis requires a method for visualizing multiple aspects of cardiomyocyte biology with high resolution, in real time and with minimal perturbation, yet no appropriate methods exist. Here, we develop a multimodal technique that combines SHG with two photon fluorescence (TPF) of a fluorescent calcium indicator in order to visualize calcium-contraction coupling at the single sarcomere level. In live cardiomyocytes, we conduct multimodal SHG-TPF line scans along portions of myofilaments at a rate of 100-300 Hz, and with careful post-processing and analysis of the data, we show that it is indeed possible to correlate local calcium releases to the development of local strain in myofilaments. Future work will apply the technique in the study of animal models of hypertensive heart disease.
    Keywords Biomedical engineering|Optics
    Subject code 621
    Language ENG
    Publishing date 2013-01-01 00:00:01.0
    Publisher University of California, Davis
    Publishing country us
    Document type Thesis ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Association of

    Krishna, B Madhu / Jana, Samir / Panda, Aditya K / Horne, David / Awasthi, Sanjay / Salgia, Ravi / Singhal, Sharad S

    Cancers

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 2

    Abstract: Reports on the association ... ...

    Abstract Reports on the association of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers12020471
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Book ; Online: Individual Preference Stability for Clustering

    Ahmadi, Saba / Awasthi, Pranjal / Khuller, Samir / Kleindessner, Matthäus / Morgenstern, Jamie / Sukprasert, Pattara / Vakilian, Ali

    2022  

    Abstract: In this paper, we propose a natural notion of individual preference (IP) stability for clustering, which asks that every data point, on average, is closer to the points in its own cluster than to the points in any other cluster. Our notion can be ... ...

    Abstract In this paper, we propose a natural notion of individual preference (IP) stability for clustering, which asks that every data point, on average, is closer to the points in its own cluster than to the points in any other cluster. Our notion can be motivated from several perspectives, including game theory and algorithmic fairness. We study several questions related to our proposed notion. We first show that deciding whether a given data set allows for an IP-stable clustering in general is NP-hard. As a result, we explore the design of efficient algorithms for finding IP-stable clusterings in some restricted metric spaces. We present a polytime algorithm to find a clustering satisfying exact IP-stability on the real line, and an efficient algorithm to find an IP-stable 2-clustering for a tree metric. We also consider relaxing the stability constraint, i.e., every data point should not be too far from its own cluster compared to any other cluster. For this case, we provide polytime algorithms with different guarantees. We evaluate some of our algorithms and several standard clustering approaches on real data sets.

    Comment: Accepted to ICML'22. This is a full version of the ICML version as well as a substantially improved version of arXiv:2006.04960
    Keywords Computer Science - Machine Learning
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2022-07-07
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Clinical Administration Characteristics of Subcutaneous and Intravenous Administration of Daratumumab in Patients With Multiple Myeloma at Mayo Clinic Infusion Centers.

    Soefje, Scott A / Carpenter, Corinne / Carlson, Katherine / Awasthi, Samir / Lin, Thomas S / Kaila, Shuchita / Tarjan, Daniel / Kayal, Nikhil / Kirkup, Christian / Wagner, Tyler E / Gray, Kathleen S / Kumar, Shaji

    JCO oncology practice

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) e542–e549

    Abstract: Purpose: Median duration of daratumumab (DARA) administration for treatment of multiple myeloma is 3-7 hours for the intravenous formulation (DARA IV) and 3-5 minutes for the subcutaneous formulation (DARA SC). Here, we describe clinical administration ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Median duration of daratumumab (DARA) administration for treatment of multiple myeloma is 3-7 hours for the intravenous formulation (DARA IV) and 3-5 minutes for the subcutaneous formulation (DARA SC). Here, we describe clinical administration characteristics of DARA using a novel method for data extraction from electronic health records.
    Methods: Time-based measurements were extracted using a scheduling/pharmacy software program that tracked patient movement through appointments for patients initiating DARA in Mayo Clinic infusion centers from April 5, 2017, to October 14, 2021. Cohorts included patients who received DARA IV or DARA SC, or converted from DARA IV to DARA SC. The DARA SC cohort was further analyzed before (DARA SC initial) and after (DARA SC shortened) a reduction in the postadministration observation time mandated by the treatment plan. Events associated with administration-related reactions (ARRs) were also identified.
    Results: Median total clinic times were 2.7-3.0 hours shorter for DARA SC versus DARA IV. Median clinic times were highest at dose 1 and decreased with subsequent doses. Median total chair times were 2.7-2.8 hours shorter for DARA SC versus DARA IV. Incidences of ARR-related events with DARA SC were low across doses.
    Conclusion: Reduced clinic times were observed with DARA SC, indicating that use of DARA SC as a treatment option results in time savings that may free clinic resources. Furthermore, novel methods of electronic health record data extraction can provide insights that may help inform clinic resource optimization.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Administration, Intravenous
    Chemical Substances daratumumab (4Z63YK6E0E) ; Antibodies, Monoclonal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3028198-2
    ISSN 2688-1535 ; 2688-1527
    ISSN (online) 2688-1535
    ISSN 2688-1527
    DOI 10.1200/OP.22.00421
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Development of Electronic Health Record-Based Machine Learning Models to Predict Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Risk.

    Iyer, Prasad G / Sachdeva, Karan / Leggett, Cadman L / Codipilly, D Chamil / Abbas, Halim / Anderson, Kevin / Kisiel, John B / Asfahan, Shahir / Awasthi, Samir / Anand, Praveen / Kumar M, Praveen / Singh, Shiv Pratap / Shukla, Sharad / Bade, Sairam / Mahto, Chandan / Singh, Navjeet / Yadav, Saurav / Padhye, Chinmay

    Clinical and translational gastroenterology

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 10, Page(s) e00637

    Abstract: Introduction: Screening for Barrett's esophagus (BE) is suggested in those with risk factors, but remains underutilized. BE/esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) risk prediction tools integrating multiple risk factors have been described. However, accuracy ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Screening for Barrett's esophagus (BE) is suggested in those with risk factors, but remains underutilized. BE/esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) risk prediction tools integrating multiple risk factors have been described. However, accuracy remains modest (area under the receiver-operating curve [AUROC] ≤0.7), and clinical implementation has been challenging. We aimed to develop machine learning (ML) BE/EAC risk prediction models from an electronic health record (EHR) database.
    Methods: The Clinical Data Analytics Platform, a deidentified EHR database of 6 million Mayo Clinic patients, was used to predict BE and EAC risk. BE and EAC cases and controls were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes and augmented curation (natural language processing) techniques applied to clinical, endoscopy, laboratory, and pathology notes. Cases were propensity score matched to 5 independent randomly selected control groups. An ensemble transformer-based ML model architecture was used to develop predictive models.
    Results: We identified 8,476 BE cases, 1,539 EAC cases, and 252,276 controls. The BE ML transformer model had an overall sensitivity, specificity, and AUROC of 76%, 76%, and 0.84, respectively. The EAC ML transformer model had an overall sensitivity, specificity, and AUROC of 84%, 70%, and 0.84, respectively. Predictors of BE and EAC included conventional risk factors and additional novel factors, such as coronary artery disease, serum triglycerides, and electrolytes.
    Discussion: ML models developed on an EHR database can predict incident BE and EAC risk with improved accuracy compared with conventional risk factor-based risk scores. Such a model may enable effective implementation of a minimally invasive screening technology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Barrett Esophagus/diagnosis ; Barrett Esophagus/pathology ; Electronic Health Records ; Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis ; Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Machine Learning
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2581516-7
    ISSN 2155-384X ; 2155-384X
    ISSN (online) 2155-384X
    ISSN 2155-384X
    DOI 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000637
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Microbiological insights into anaerobic digestion for biogas, hydrogen or volatile fatty acids (VFAs): a review.

    Harirchi, Sharareh / Wainaina, Steven / Sar, Taner / Nojoumi, Seyed Ali / Parchami, Milad / Parchami, Mohsen / Varjani, Sunita / Khanal, Samir Kumar / Wong, Jonathan / Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar / Taherzadeh, Mohammad J

    Bioengineered

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 6521–6557

    Abstract: In the past decades, considerable attention has been directed toward anaerobic digestion (AD), which is an effective biological process for converting diverse organic wastes into biogas, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), biohydrogen, etc. The microbial ... ...

    Abstract In the past decades, considerable attention has been directed toward anaerobic digestion (AD), which is an effective biological process for converting diverse organic wastes into biogas, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), biohydrogen, etc. The microbial bioprocessing takes part during AD is of substantial significance, and one of the crucial approaches for the deep and adequate understanding and manipulating it toward different products is process microbiology. Due to highly complexity of AD microbiome, it is critically important to study the involved microorganisms in AD. In recent years, in addition to traditional methods, novel molecular techniques and meta-omics approaches have been developed which provide accurate details about microbial communities involved AD. Better understanding of process microbiomes could guide us in identifying and controlling various factors in both improving the AD process and diverting metabolic pathway toward production of selective bio-products. This review covers various platforms of AD process that results in different final products from microbiological point of view. The review also highlights distinctive interactions occurring among microbial communities. Furthermore, assessment of these communities existing in the anaerobic digesters is discussed to provide more insights into their structure, dynamics, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, the important factors affecting microbial communities in each platform of AD are highlighted. Finally, the review provides some recent applications of AD for the production of novel bio-products and deals with challenges and future perspectives of AD.
    MeSH term(s) Anaerobiosis/physiology ; Biofuels/microbiology ; Bioreactors/microbiology ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Hydrogen/metabolism ; Microbiota
    Chemical Substances Biofuels ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Hydrogen (7YNJ3PO35Z)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2737830-5
    ISSN 2165-5987 ; 2165-5979
    ISSN (online) 2165-5987
    ISSN 2165-5979
    DOI 10.1080/21655979.2022.2035986
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Therapeutic targeting of miRNA-216b in cancer.

    Jana, Samir / Krishna, Madhu / Singhal, Jyotsana / Horne, David / Awasthi, Sanjay / Salgia, Ravi / Singhal, Sharad S

    Cancer letters

    2020  Volume 484, Page(s) 16–28

    Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/or miR) are a type of small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to 3'-UTRs of the target genes. miRNAs can serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, and have prognostic and therapeutic values that may be directly ... ...

    Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs/or miR) are a type of small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to 3'-UTRs of the target genes. miRNAs can serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, and have prognostic and therapeutic values that may be directly applicable in the clinic. miR-216b is located on chromosome 2p16.1. Accumulating evidence suggests that it acts as a tumor suppressor and its downregulation may play a significant role in cancer biology through the dysregulation of various oncogenes and signaling pathways related to cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and chemoresistance. In this review, we discuss the aberrant expression of miR-216b in cancer and its role in tumor pathogenesis, which will offer novel insights into its clinical applications.
    MeSH term(s) Apoptosis/genetics ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Cell Proliferation/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Neoplasms/classification ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Prognosis ; Signal Transduction/genetics
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; MIRN216 microRNA, human ; MicroRNAs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-05
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 195674-7
    ISSN 1872-7980 ; 0304-3835
    ISSN (online) 1872-7980
    ISSN 0304-3835
    DOI 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.04.020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and functionally linked neurocircuitry modulate emotion processing and HPA axis dysfunction in posttraumatic stress disorder.

    Awasthi, Samir / Pan, Hong / LeDoux, Joseph E / Cloitre, Marylene / Altemus, Margaret / McEwen, Bruce / Silbersweig, David / Stern, Emily

    NeuroImage. Clinical

    2020  Volume 28, Page(s) 102442

    Abstract: Background: The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) plays an important role in rodent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but evidence to support its relevance to human PTSD is limited. We sought to understand the role of the BNST in human PTSD ...

    Abstract Background: The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) plays an important role in rodent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but evidence to support its relevance to human PTSD is limited. We sought to understand the role of the BNST in human PTSD via fMRI, behavioral, and physiological measurements.
    Methods: 29 patients with PTSD (childhood sexual abuse) and 23 healthy controls (HC) underwent BOLD imaging with an emotional word paradigm. Symptom severity was assessed using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale and HPA-axis dysfunction was assessed by measuring the diurnal cortisol amplitude index (DCAI). A data-driven multivariate analysis was used to determine BNST task-based functional co-occurrence (tbFC) across individuals.
    Results: In the trauma-versus-neutral word contrast, patients showed increased activation compared to HC in the BNST, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG), caudate heads, and midbrain, and decreased activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Symptom severity positively correlated with activity in the BNST, caudate head, amygdala, hippocampus, dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus (dACG), and PCG, and negatively with activity in the medial orbiotofrontal cortex (mOFC) and DLPFC. Patients and HC showed marked differences in the relationship between the DCAI and BOLD activity in the BNST, septal nuclei, dACG, and PCG. Patients showed stronger tbFC between the BNST and closely linked limbic and subcortical regions, and a loss of negative tbFC between the BNST and DLPFC.
    Conclusions: Based upon novel data, we present a new model of dysexecutive emotion processing and HPA-axis dysfunction in human PTSD that incorporates the role of the BNST and functionally linked neurocircuitry.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Emotions ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; Septal Nuclei ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2701571-3
    ISSN 2213-1582 ; 2213-1582
    ISSN (online) 2213-1582
    ISSN 2213-1582
    DOI 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102442
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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