LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 53

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: MD-PhD training: looking back and looking forward.

    Bonham, Ann C

    Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

    2014  Volume 89, Issue 1, Page(s) 21–23

    Abstract: MD-PhD programs provide rigorous, integrated training for physician-scientists, enabling them to frame scientific questions in unique ways and to apply clinical insight to fundamental science. Few would question the influential contributions of MD-PhD ... ...

    Abstract MD-PhD programs provide rigorous, integrated training for physician-scientists, enabling them to frame scientific questions in unique ways and to apply clinical insight to fundamental science. Few would question the influential contributions of MD-PhD physician-scientists in advancing medical science. In this issue of Academic Medicine, Jeffe et al affirm high levels of excellence in educational outcomes from MD-PhD training programs at U.S. MD-granting medical schools, especially programs that receive funding from the NIH Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP). The author of this commentary observes that, in the face of current economic pressures, comprehensive, longitudinal national outcomes data from MSTP- and non-MSTP-funded MD-PhD programs will help verify the value provided by MD-PhD physician-scientists. She proposes that MD-PhD programs should better prepare the next generation of physician-scientists for future research environments, which will provide new technologies, venues, and modalities. These research environments will be more closely integrated within health care delivery systems, extend into diverse communities and regions, and employ complex technologies. MD-PhD physician-scientists also will train and gain expertise in broadening areas of research, such as health policy, health economics, clinical epidemiology, and medical informatics. Program leaders are ideally situated to foster innovative learning environments and methodologies. By sharing their innovations, they can help ensure production of a diverse MD-PhD physician-scientist workforce, prepared to engage in myriad research opportunities to meet patient and population needs in a new environment.
    MeSH term(s) Education, Graduate ; Education, Medical ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Schools, Medical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 96192-9
    ISSN 1938-808X ; 1040-2446
    ISSN (online) 1938-808X
    ISSN 1040-2446
    DOI 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000085
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: From Inputs to Impacts: Assessing and Communicating the Full Value of Biomedical Research.

    Bonham, Ann C / Alberti, Philip M

    Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

    2017  Volume 92, Issue 10, Page(s) 1375–1377

    Abstract: Assessing and communicating the full value of biomedical research is essential to answer calls from the government and the public demanding accountability for the spending of public funds. In academic settings, however, research success is measured ... ...

    Abstract Assessing and communicating the full value of biomedical research is essential to answer calls from the government and the public demanding accountability for the spending of public funds. In academic settings, however, research success is measured largely in terms of grant funding received or the number of peer-reviewed publications produced. These credible and time-tested metrics miss the full picture of the scientific process, which continues to confer benefits to patients, communities, and the health care system well after an article is published. In this context, in 2012, the Association of American Medical Colleges, in collaboration with RAND Europe, initiated a program to provide resources and guidance for leaders of medical schools and teaching hospitals interested in evaluating-in novel ways complementary to traditional methods-the outcomes and impacts of the research that emanates from their institutions. This Perspective provides context for this initiative and delineates the process through which researchers, evaluation experts, and other stakeholders-including legislators, health system leaders, and community members-identified and vetted novel "metrics that matter" in advance of a pilot test at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, which sought to assess and communicate its community-engaged science and scholarship.
    MeSH term(s) Bibliometrics ; Biomedical Research ; Cooperative Behavior ; Europe ; Health Impact Assessment/methods ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Research Support as Topic ; Social Responsibility ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 96192-9
    ISSN 1938-808X ; 1040-2446
    ISSN (online) 1938-808X
    ISSN 1040-2446
    DOI 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001639
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article: Ethical oversight of research on patient care.

    Solomon, Mildred Z / Bonham, Ann C

    The Hastings Center report

    2013  Volume Spec No, Page(s) S2–3

    MeSH term(s) Clinical Trials as Topic/ethics ; Ethics, Research ; Human Experimentation/ethics ; Humans ; Moral Obligations ; National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.) Health and Medicine Division ; Patient Care/ethics ; Research Subjects ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 194940-8
    ISSN 1552-146X ; 0093-0334
    ISSN (online) 1552-146X
    ISSN 0093-0334
    DOI 10.1002/hast.132
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: The U.S. Public's Investment in Medical Research: An Evolving Social Contract.

    Heinig, Stephen J / Dev, Anurupa / Bonham, Ann C

    The American journal of the medical sciences

    2016  Volume 351, Issue 1, Page(s) 69–76

    Abstract: Medical researchers and their institutions are operating under extraordinary financial stress. More than a decade after completion of the 5-year doubling of the National Institutes of Health budget, the medical research community must confront a ... ...

    Abstract Medical researchers and their institutions are operating under extraordinary financial stress. More than a decade after completion of the 5-year doubling of the National Institutes of Health budget, the medical research community must confront a significant loss in National Institutes of Health purchasing power and downward pressures in federal discretionary spending. In part, this trend results from a federal budget stalemate over the growth in entitlement programs, particularly spending on medical care. This article considers the changing nature of the federal investment in medical research and the potential for medical researchers and institutions conducting the full spectrum of research to improve health system performance and health equity. In our view, continued federal investments reflect an evolving social contract for research serving the public good; the term contract is used metaphorically to represent a figurative, implicit agreement between the scientific community and the public's representatives in government. Under this conceptual contract, the American people--who are ultimately the funders of research, research training and infrastructure--expect outcomes that lead to better health, security or other benefits. The evolving contract includes expectations for more accountability, transparency, sharing of results and resources, and better integration of research systems and cultures that used to take pride in boundaries and distinctions. We outline here some of the major movements of organizations realigning to social support, which are increasingly essential to sustain public investment in medical research.
    MeSH term(s) Biomedical Research/economics ; Biomedical Research/legislation & jurisprudence ; Biomedical Research/organization & administration ; Community Participation/psychology ; Humans ; Investments ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/legislation & jurisprudence ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration ; Social Support ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 82078-7
    ISSN 1538-2990 ; 0002-9629
    ISSN (online) 1538-2990
    ISSN 0002-9629
    DOI 10.1016/j.amjms.2015.10.016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Moving comparative effectiveness research into practice: implementation science and the role of academic medicine.

    Bonham, Ann C / Solomon, Mildred Z

    Health affairs (Project Hope)

    2010  Volume 29, Issue 10, Page(s) 1901–1905

    Abstract: The success of the federal investment in comparative effectiveness research will hinge on using the power of science to guide reforms in health care delivery and improve patient-centered outcomes. Translating the results of comparative effectiveness ... ...

    Abstract The success of the federal investment in comparative effectiveness research will hinge on using the power of science to guide reforms in health care delivery and improve patient-centered outcomes. Translating the results of comparative effectiveness research into practice calls for the rigors of implementation science to ensure the efficient and systematic uptake, dissemination, and endurance of these innovations. Academic medicine can help answer the call by thoroughly integrating its research and training missions with clinical care that is focused on patient-centered outcomes; building multidisciplinary teams that include a wide range of experts such as clinicians, clinical and implementation scientists, systems engineers, behavioral economists, and social scientists; and training future care providers, scientists, and educators to carry innovations forward.
    MeSH term(s) Comparative Effectiveness Research ; Diffusion of Innovation ; Humans ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; Schools, Medical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632712-6
    ISSN 1544-5208 ; 0278-2715
    ISSN (online) 1544-5208
    ISSN 0278-2715
    DOI 10.1377/hlthaff.2010.0790
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Postexercise hypotension: central mechanisms.

    Chen, Chao-Yin / Bonham, Ann C

    Exercise and sport sciences reviews

    2010  Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 122–127

    Abstract: A single bout of exercise can lead to a postexercise decrease in blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, called postexercise hypotension. Compelling evidence suggests that the central baroreflex pathway plays a crucial role in the development of ... ...

    Abstract A single bout of exercise can lead to a postexercise decrease in blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, called postexercise hypotension. Compelling evidence suggests that the central baroreflex pathway plays a crucial role in the development of postexercise hypotension. This review focuses on the exercise-induced changes in brainstem nuclei involved in blood pressure regulation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Baroreflex/drug effects ; Baroreflex/physiology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Brain Stem/drug effects ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Exercise/physiology ; Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Hypotension/drug therapy ; Hypotension/physiopathology ; Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Rats ; Substance P/physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/drug effects ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology
    Chemical Substances Substance P (33507-63-0) ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (56-12-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-06-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 187040-3
    ISSN 1538-3008 ; 0091-6331
    ISSN (online) 1538-3008
    ISSN 0091-6331
    DOI 10.1097/JES.0b013e3181e372b5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Making equity a value in value-based health care.

    Alberti, Philip M / Bonham, Ann C / Kirch, Darrell G

    Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

    2013  Volume 88, Issue 11, Page(s) 1619–1623

    Abstract: Equity in health and health care in America continues to be a goal unmet. Certain demographic groups in the United States-including racial and ethnic minorities and individuals with lower socioeconomic status-have poorer health outcomes across a wide ... ...

    Abstract Equity in health and health care in America continues to be a goal unmet. Certain demographic groups in the United States-including racial and ethnic minorities and individuals with lower socioeconomic status-have poorer health outcomes across a wide array of diseases, and have higher all-cause mortality. Yet despite growing understanding of how social-, structural-, and individual-level factors maintain and create inequities, solutions to reduce or eliminate them have been elusive. In this article, the authors envision how disparities-related provisions in the Affordable Care Act and other recent legislation could be linked with new value-based health care requirements and payment models to create incentives for narrowing health care disparities and move the nation toward equity.Specifically, the authors explore how recent legislative actions regarding payment reform, health information technology, community health needs assessments, and expanding health equity research could be woven together to build an evidence base for solutions to health care inequities. Although policy interventions at the clinical and payer levels alone will not eliminate disparities, given the significant role the social determinants of health play in the etiology and maintenance of inequity, such policies can allow the health care system to better identify and leverage community assets; provide high-quality, more equitable care; and demonstrate that equity is a value in health.
    MeSH term(s) Health Policy ; Health Services Research ; Healthcare Disparities/legislation & jurisprudence ; Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Medical Informatics ; Needs Assessment ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ; Social Determinants of Health ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 96192-9
    ISSN 1938-808X ; 1040-2446
    ISSN (online) 1938-808X
    ISSN 1040-2446
    DOI 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182a7f76f
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: Advocacy and actions to address disparities in access to genomic health care: A report on a National Academies workshop.

    Williams, Janet K / Bonham, Vence L / Wicklund, Catherine / Coleman, Bernice / Taylor, Jacquelyn Y / Cashion, Ann K

    Nursing outlook

    2019  Volume 67, Issue 5, Page(s) 605–612

    Abstract: Background: In the United States, access to genomic risk assessment, testing, and follow up care is most easily obtained by those who have sufficient financial, educational, and social resources. Multiple barriers limit the ability of populations ... ...

    Abstract Background: In the United States, access to genomic risk assessment, testing, and follow up care is most easily obtained by those who have sufficient financial, educational, and social resources. Multiple barriers limit the ability of populations without those resources to benefit from health care that integrates genomics in assessment of disease risk, diagnosis, and targeted treatment.
    Purpose: To summarize barriers and potential actions to reduce genomic health care disparities.
    Method: Summarize authors' views on discussions at a workshop hosted by the National Academy of Medicine.
    Discussion: Barriers include access to health care providers that utilize genomics, genetic literacy of providers and patients, and absence of evidence of gene variants importance in ancestrally diverse underserved populations.
    Conclusion: Engagement between underserved communities, health care providers, and policy makers is an essential component to raise awareness and seek solutions to barriers in access to genomic health care for all populations.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Congresses as Topic ; Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration ; Female ; Genomics/organization & administration ; Health Literacy ; Health Services Accessibility/organization & administration ; Healthcare Disparities/organization & administration ; Humans ; Intersectoral Collaboration ; Male ; Medically Underserved Area ; Middle Aged ; Nursing Care/organization & administration ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 300568-9
    ISSN 1528-3968 ; 0029-6554
    ISSN (online) 1528-3968
    ISSN 0029-6554
    DOI 10.1016/j.outlook.2019.06.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: The implications of comparative effectiveness research for academic medicine.

    Rich, Eugene C / Bonham, Ann C / Kirch, Darrell G

    Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

    2011  Volume 86, Issue 6, Page(s) 684–688

    Abstract: With growing constraints on government spending, policy makers are investing in comparative effectiveness research (CER) to attempt to bring the power of science to bear on the problems of suboptimal outcomes and high cost in the U.S. health care system. ...

    Abstract With growing constraints on government spending, policy makers are investing in comparative effectiveness research (CER) to attempt to bring the power of science to bear on the problems of suboptimal outcomes and high cost in the U.S. health care system. This commitment of resources to CER reflects confidence that better evidence can help clinicians and patients make better decisions, consistent with the long tradition of medical schools' and teaching hospitals' use of science to inform medical care. Thus, CER offers a great opportunity, albeit with some considerable challenges, for academic medicine to play a central role in comprehensive health care reform. Certainly, many scientists conducting CER will learn their methodological rigor in the training programs of academic health centers. Numerous new CER research teams will be needed, establishing effective partnerships far outside the walls of the traditional academic setting. And the clinicians interpreting the medical literature and applying the insights from CER to the unique problems of individual patients will need to learn this evidence-based, patient-centered care from the educators, mentors, and role models at U.S. medical and other health science schools and teaching hospitals. Achieving this will require investment in research infrastructure, adaptations of institutional culture, development of new disciplines and research methods, establishment of new collaborations, training of new faculty, and the expansion and refocusing of educational capacity. By successfully responding to this challenge, academic medicine can further strengthen its long-standing commitment to the scientific practice of medicine and the use of evidence in patient-centered, personalized care.
    MeSH term(s) Academic Medical Centers ; Comparative Effectiveness Research/organization & administration ; Education, Medical ; Health Plan Implementation ; Humans ; Organizational Culture ; Organizational Innovation ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 96192-9
    ISSN 1938-808X ; 1040-2446
    ISSN (online) 1938-808X
    ISSN 1040-2446
    DOI 10.1097/ACM.0b013e318217e941
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article: Using contribution analysis to evaluate health professions and health sciences programs.

    Choi, Tammie / Sarkar, Mahbub / Bonham, Maxine / Brock, Tina / Brooks, Ingrid Ann / Diug, Basia / Ilic, Dragan / Kumar, Arunaz / Lau, Wee-Ming / Lindley, Jennifer / Morphet, Julia / Simmons, Margaret / Volders, Evelyn / White, Paul J / Wright, Caroline / Palermo, Claire

    Frontiers in medicine

    2023  Volume 10, Page(s) 1146832

    Abstract: Introduction/background: Course evaluation in health education is a common practice yet few comprehensive evaluations of health education exist that measure the impact and outcomes these programs have on developing health graduate capabilities.: Aim/ ... ...

    Abstract Introduction/background: Course evaluation in health education is a common practice yet few comprehensive evaluations of health education exist that measure the impact and outcomes these programs have on developing health graduate capabilities.
    Aim/objectives: To explore how curricula contribute to health graduate capabilities and what factors contribute to the development of these capabilities.
    Methods: Using contribution analysis evaluation, a six-step iterative process, key stakeholders in the six selected courses were engaged in an iterative theory-driven evaluation. The researchers collectively developed a postulated theory-of-change. Then evidence from existing relevant documents were extracted using documentary analysis. Collated findings were presented to academic staff, industry representatives and graduates, where additional data was sought through focus group discussions - one for each discipline. The focus group data were used to validate the theory-of-change. Data analysis was conducted iteratively, refining the theory of change from one course to the next.
    Results: The complexity in teaching and learning, contributed by human, organizational and curriculum factors was highlighted. Advances in knowledge, skills, attitudes and graduate capabilities are non-linear and integrated into curriculum. Work integrated learning significantly contributes to knowledge consolidation and forming professional identities for health professional courses. Workplace culture and educators' passion impact on the quality of teaching and learning yet are rarely considered as evidence of impact.
    Discussion: Capturing the episodic and contextual learning moments is important to describe success and for reflection for improvement. Evidence of impact of elements of courses on future graduate capabilities was limited with the focus of evaluation data on satisfaction.
    Conclusion: Contribution analysis has been a useful evaluation method to explore the complexity of the factors in learning and teaching that influence graduate capabilities in health-related courses.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2023.1146832
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top