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Book ; Online: Africa’s drylands in a changing world

Turner, Wendy C. / Périquet, Stéphanie / Goelst, Claire E. / Vera, Kimberlie B. / Cameron, Elissa Z. / Alexander, Kathleen A. / Belant, Jerrold L. / Cloete, Claudine C. / du Preez, Pierre / Getz, Wayne M. / Hetem, Robyn S. / Kamath, Pauline L. / Kasaona, Marthin K. / Mackenzie, Monique / Mendelsohn, John / Mfune, John K.E. / Muntifering, Jeff R. / Portas, Ruben / Scott, H. Ann /

Strauss, W. Maartin / Versfeld, Wilferd / Wachter, Bettina / Wittemyer, George / Kilian, J. Werner

Global ecology and conservation, 38:e02221

Challenges for wildlife conservation under climate and land-use changes in the Greater Etosha Landscape

2022

Abstract: Proclaimed in 1907, Etosha National Park in northern Namibia is an iconic dryland system with a rich history of wildlife conservation and research. A recent research symposium on wildlife conservation in the Greater Etosha Landscape (GEL) highlighted ... ...

Abstract	Proclaimed in 1907, Etosha National Park in northern Namibia is an iconic dryland system with a rich history of wildlife conservation and research. A recent research symposium on wildlife conservation in the Greater Etosha Landscape (GEL) highlighted increased concern of how intensification of global change will affect wildlife conservation based on participant responses to a questionnaire. The GEL includes Etosha and surrounding areas, the latter divided by a veterinary fence into large, private farms to the south and communal areas of residential and farming land to the north. Here, we leverage our knowledge of this ecosystem to provide insight into the broader challenges facing wildlife conservation in this vulnerable dryland environment. We first look backward, summarizing the history of wildlife conservation and research trends in the GEL based on a literature review, providing a broad-scale understanding of the socioecological processes that drive dryland system dynamics. We then look forward, focusing on eight key areas of challenge and opportunity for this ecosystem: climate change, water availability and quality, vegetation and fire management, adaptability of wildlife populations, disease risk, human-wildlife conflict, wildlife crime, and human dimensions of wildlife conservation. Using this model system, we summarize key lessons and identify critical threats highlighting future research needs to support wildlife management. Research in the GEL has followed a trajectory seen elsewhere reflecting an increase in complexity and integration across biological scales over time. Yet, despite these trends, a gap exists between the scope of recent research efforts and the needs of wildlife conservation to adapt to climate and land-use changes. Given the complex nature of climate change, in addition to locally existing system stressors, a framework of forward-thinking adaptive management to address these challenges, supported by integrative and multidisciplinary research could be beneficial. One critical area ...
Keywords	Global change ; Etosha Ecological Institute ; Ecosystem services ; Landscape ecology ; Nature and Landscape Conservation ; Etosha National Park ; Human-wildlife conflict ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Namibia ; Human dimensions ; Savanna ecology ; Dryland research
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Africa’s drylands in a changing world

Strauss, W. Maartin / Versfeld, Wilferd / Wachter, Bettina / Wittemyer, George / Kilian, J. Werner

Global ecology and conservation, 38:e02221

Challenges for wildlife conservation under climate and land-use changes in the Greater Etosha Landscape

2022

Abstract	Proclaimed in 1907, Etosha National Park in northern Namibia is an iconic dryland system with a rich history of wildlife conservation and research. A recent research symposium on wildlife conservation in the Greater Etosha Landscape (GEL) highlighted increased concern of how intensification of global change will affect wildlife conservation based on participant responses to a questionnaire. The GEL includes Etosha and surrounding areas, the latter divided by a veterinary fence into large, private farms to the south and communal areas of residential and farming land to the north. Here, we leverage our knowledge of this ecosystem to provide insight into the broader challenges facing wildlife conservation in this vulnerable dryland environment. We first look backward, summarizing the history of wildlife conservation and research trends in the GEL based on a literature review, providing a broad-scale understanding of the socioecological processes that drive dryland system dynamics. We then look forward, focusing on eight key areas of challenge and opportunity for this ecosystem: climate change, water availability and quality, vegetation and fire management, adaptability of wildlife populations, disease risk, human-wildlife conflict, wildlife crime, and human dimensions of wildlife conservation. Using this model system, we summarize key lessons and identify critical threats highlighting future research needs to support wildlife management. Research in the GEL has followed a trajectory seen elsewhere reflecting an increase in complexity and integration across biological scales over time. Yet, despite these trends, a gap exists between the scope of recent research efforts and the needs of wildlife conservation to adapt to climate and land-use changes. Given the complex nature of climate change, in addition to locally existing system stressors, a framework of forward-thinking adaptive management to address these challenges, supported by integrative and multidisciplinary research could be beneficial. One critical area ...
Keywords	Global change ; Etosha Ecological Institute ; Ecosystem services ; Landscape ecology ; Nature and Landscape Conservation ; Etosha National Park ; Human-wildlife conflict ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Namibia ; Human dimensions ; Savanna ecology ; Dryland research
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Africa’s drylands in a changing world

Strauss, W. Maartin / Versfeld, Wilferd / Wachter, Bettina / Wittemyer, George / Kilian, J. Werner

Global ecology and conservation, 38:e02221

Challenges for wildlife conservation under climate and land-use changes in the Greater Etosha Landscape

2022

Abstract	Proclaimed in 1907, Etosha National Park in northern Namibia is an iconic dryland system with a rich history of wildlife conservation and research. A recent research symposium on wildlife conservation in the Greater Etosha Landscape (GEL) highlighted increased concern of how intensification of global change will affect wildlife conservation based on participant responses to a questionnaire. The GEL includes Etosha and surrounding areas, the latter divided by a veterinary fence into large, private farms to the south and communal areas of residential and farming land to the north. Here, we leverage our knowledge of this ecosystem to provide insight into the broader challenges facing wildlife conservation in this vulnerable dryland environment. We first look backward, summarizing the history of wildlife conservation and research trends in the GEL based on a literature review, providing a broad-scale understanding of the socioecological processes that drive dryland system dynamics. We then look forward, focusing on eight key areas of challenge and opportunity for this ecosystem: climate change, water availability and quality, vegetation and fire management, adaptability of wildlife populations, disease risk, human-wildlife conflict, wildlife crime, and human dimensions of wildlife conservation. Using this model system, we summarize key lessons and identify critical threats highlighting future research needs to support wildlife management. Research in the GEL has followed a trajectory seen elsewhere reflecting an increase in complexity and integration across biological scales over time. Yet, despite these trends, a gap exists between the scope of recent research efforts and the needs of wildlife conservation to adapt to climate and land-use changes. Given the complex nature of climate change, in addition to locally existing system stressors, a framework of forward-thinking adaptive management to address these challenges, supported by integrative and multidisciplinary research could be beneficial. One critical area ...
Keywords	Global change ; Etosha Ecological Institute ; Ecosystem services ; Landscape ecology ; Nature and Landscape Conservation ; Etosha National Park ; Human-wildlife conflict ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Namibia ; Human dimensions ; Savanna ecology ; Dryland research
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Book ; Online: Africa’s drylands in a changing world

Strauss, W. Maartin / Versfeld, Wilferd / Wachter, Bettina / Wittemyer, George / Kilian, J. Werner

Global ecology and conservation, 38:e02221

Challenges for wildlife conservation under climate and land-use changes in the Greater Etosha Landscape

2022

Abstract	Proclaimed in 1907, Etosha National Park in northern Namibia is an iconic dryland system with a rich history of wildlife conservation and research. A recent research symposium on wildlife conservation in the Greater Etosha Landscape (GEL) highlighted increased concern of how intensification of global change will affect wildlife conservation based on participant responses to a questionnaire. The GEL includes Etosha and surrounding areas, the latter divided by a veterinary fence into large, private farms to the south and communal areas of residential and farming land to the north. Here, we leverage our knowledge of this ecosystem to provide insight into the broader challenges facing wildlife conservation in this vulnerable dryland environment. We first look backward, summarizing the history of wildlife conservation and research trends in the GEL based on a literature review, providing a broad-scale understanding of the socioecological processes that drive dryland system dynamics. We then look forward, focusing on eight key areas of challenge and opportunity for this ecosystem: climate change, water availability and quality, vegetation and fire management, adaptability of wildlife populations, disease risk, human-wildlife conflict, wildlife crime, and human dimensions of wildlife conservation. Using this model system, we summarize key lessons and identify critical threats highlighting future research needs to support wildlife management. Research in the GEL has followed a trajectory seen elsewhere reflecting an increase in complexity and integration across biological scales over time. Yet, despite these trends, a gap exists between the scope of recent research efforts and the needs of wildlife conservation to adapt to climate and land-use changes. Given the complex nature of climate change, in addition to locally existing system stressors, a framework of forward-thinking adaptive management to address these challenges, supported by integrative and multidisciplinary research could be beneficial. One critical area ...
Keywords	Global change ; Etosha Ecological Institute ; Ecosystem services ; Landscape ecology ; Nature and Landscape Conservation ; Etosha National Park ; Human-wildlife conflict ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Namibia ; Human dimensions ; Savanna ecology ; Dryland research
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Book ; Online: Africa’s drylands in a changing world

Strauss, W. Maartin / Versfeld, Wilferd / Wachter, Bettina / Wittemyer, George / Kilian, J. Werner

Global ecology and conservation, 38:e02221

Challenges for wildlife conservation under climate and land-use changes in the Greater Etosha Landscape

2022

Abstract	Proclaimed in 1907, Etosha National Park in northern Namibia is an iconic dryland system with a rich history of wildlife conservation and research. A recent research symposium on wildlife conservation in the Greater Etosha Landscape (GEL) highlighted increased concern of how intensification of global change will affect wildlife conservation based on participant responses to a questionnaire. The GEL includes Etosha and surrounding areas, the latter divided by a veterinary fence into large, private farms to the south and communal areas of residential and farming land to the north. Here, we leverage our knowledge of this ecosystem to provide insight into the broader challenges facing wildlife conservation in this vulnerable dryland environment. We first look backward, summarizing the history of wildlife conservation and research trends in the GEL based on a literature review, providing a broad-scale understanding of the socioecological processes that drive dryland system dynamics. We then look forward, focusing on eight key areas of challenge and opportunity for this ecosystem: climate change, water availability and quality, vegetation and fire management, adaptability of wildlife populations, disease risk, human-wildlife conflict, wildlife crime, and human dimensions of wildlife conservation. Using this model system, we summarize key lessons and identify critical threats highlighting future research needs to support wildlife management. Research in the GEL has followed a trajectory seen elsewhere reflecting an increase in complexity and integration across biological scales over time. Yet, despite these trends, a gap exists between the scope of recent research efforts and the needs of wildlife conservation to adapt to climate and land-use changes. Given the complex nature of climate change, in addition to locally existing system stressors, a framework of forward-thinking adaptive management to address these challenges, supported by integrative and multidisciplinary research could be beneficial. One critical area ...
Keywords	Global change ; Etosha Ecological Institute ; Ecosystem services ; Landscape ecology ; Nature and Landscape Conservation ; Etosha National Park ; Human-wildlife conflict ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Namibia ; Human dimensions ; Savanna ecology ; Dryland research
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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Article ; Online: Durability of the Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine in the Prevention of COVID-19 Infections and Hospitalizations in the US Before and During the Delta Variant Surge.

Polinski, Jennifer M / Weckstein, Andrew R / Batech, Michael / Kabelac, Carly / Kamath, Tripthi / Harvey, Raymond / Jain, Sid / Rassen, Jeremy A / Khan, Najat / Schneeweiss, Sebastian

JAMA network open

2022 Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) e222959

Abstract: ... Randomized clinical trials demonstrated efficacy of the single-dose Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccine, but data ... To assess the association between receiving the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and COVID-19-related infections and ... This cohort study included adults aged 18 years and older who were newly Ad26.COV2.S-vaccinated matched ...

Abstract	Importance: Vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus is critical to control the pandemic. Randomized clinical trials demonstrated efficacy of the single-dose Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccine, but data on longer-term protection in clinical practice and effectiveness against variants are needed. Objective: To assess the association between receiving the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and COVID-19-related infections and hospitalizations before and during the Delta variant surge. Design, setting, and participants: This cohort study included adults aged 18 years and older who were newly Ad26.COV2.S-vaccinated matched to as many as 10 unvaccinated individuals by date, location, age, sex, and comorbidity index. This was followed by 1:4 propensity score matching on COVID-19 risk factors. Data were collected from US insurance claims data from March 1, 2020, through August 31, 2021. Exposures: Vaccination with Ad26.COV2.S vs no vaccination. Main outcomes and measures: Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated for recorded COVID-19 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalization, nationwide and in subgroups by age, high-risk factors, calendar time, and states with high incidences of the Delta variant. VE estimates were corrected for underrecording of vaccinations in insurance data. Results: Among 422 034 vaccinated individuals (mean [SD] age, 54.7 [17.4] years; 236 437 [56.0%] women) and 1 645 397 matched unvaccinated individuals (mean [SD] age, 54.5 [17.5] years; 922 937 [56.1%] women), VE was 76% (95% CI, 75%-77%) for COVID-19 infections and 81% (95% CI, 78%-82%) for COVID-19-related hospitalizations. VE was stable for at least 180 days after vaccination and over calendar time. Among states with high Delta variant incidence, VE during June to August 2021 was 74% (95% CI, 71%-77%) for infections and 81% (95% CI, 75%-86%) for hospitalizations. VE for COVID-19 was higher in individuals younger than 65 years (78%; 95% CI, 77%-79%) and lower in immunocompromised patients (64%; 95% CI, 59%-68%). All estimates were corrected for vaccination underrecording; uncorrected VE, which served as a lower bound, was 66% (95% CI, 64%-67%) for any recorded COVID-19 infection and 72% (95% CI, 69%-74%) for COVID-19-related hospitalization. Conclusions and relevance: This cohort study in US clinical practice showed stable VE of Ad26.COV2.S for at least 6 months before as well as during the time the Delta variant emerged and became dominant.
MeSH term(s)	Ad26COVS1 ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Propensity Score ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United States ; Vaccine Efficacy ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Ad26COVS1
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2959
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effectiveness of the Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S COVID Vaccine

Polinski, Jennifer M. / Weckstein, Andrew R. / Batech, Michael / Kabelac, Carly / Kamath, Tripthi / Harvey, Raymond / Jain, Sid / Rassen, Jeremy A. / Khan, Najat / Schneeweiss, Sebastian

medRxiv

Abstract: Background Randomized trials demonstrated efficacy of Ad26.COV2.S, a single-dose COVID-19 vaccine ... against Delta variants are needed. Methods Using U.S. insurance claims data through July 2021 ... we identified individuals newly vaccinated with Ad26.COV2.S and up to 10 unvaccinated individuals matched ...

Abstract	Background Randomized trials demonstrated efficacy of Ad26.COV2.S, a single-dose COVID-19 vaccine. Data assessing effectiveness in clinical practice and its stability over time since vaccination and against Delta variants are needed. Methods Using U.S. insurance claims data through July 2021, we identified individuals newly vaccinated with Ad26.COV2.S and up to 10 unvaccinated individuals matched exactly by age, sex, date, location, comorbidity index plus 17 COVID-19 risk factors via propensity score (PS) matching. We estimated Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for observed COVID-19 and COVID-19-related hospitalization, nationwide and stratified by age, immunocompromised status, calendar time, and states with high incidence of the Delta variant. We corrected VE estimates for under-recording of vaccinations in insurance data. Results Among 390,517 vaccinated and 1,524,153 matched unvaccinated individuals, VE was 79% (95% CI, 77% to 80%) for COVID-19 and 81% (79% to 84%) for COVID-19-related hospitalizations. VE was stable over calendar time. Among states with high Delta variant incidence, VE during June/July 2021 was 78% (73% to 82%) for infections and 85% (73% to 91%) for hospitalizations. VE for COVID-19 was higher in individuals <50 years (83%; 81% to 85%) and lower in immunocompromised patients (64%; 57% to 70%). All estimates were corrected for under-recording; uncorrected VE was 69% (67% to 71%) and 73% (69% to 76%), for COVID-19 and COVID-19-related hospitalization, respectively. Conclusions These non-randomized data across U.S. clinical practices show high and stable vaccine effectiveness of Ad26.COV2.S over time before the Delta variant emerged to when the Delta variant was dominant.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-12
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2021.09.10.21263385
Database	COVID19

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Article: Valproic Acid Administration in Management of Status Epilepticus Causing Reye’s Syndrome

Kamath, Pooja Prabhakar

International Journal of Recent Surgical and Medical Sciences

2021 Volume 07, Issue 01, Page(s) 44–46

Abstract: ... Reye’s syndrome. There are very few reports of Reye’s syndrome caused by valproic acid use.: Methods: A 2-year ... The following day’s laboratory investigations revealed raised levels of serum ammonia ... Thus, a diagnosis of Reye’s syndrome was established. The patient succumbed to disease 2 days later.: Discussion ...

Abstract	Introduction: Valproic acid is commonly used to treat seizures in children. Regular use of valproic acid is known to cause hepatic dysfunction, and in extremely rare cases, it is known to have caused Reye’s syndrome. There are very few reports of Reye’s syndrome caused by valproic acid use. Methods: A 2-year asymptomatic girl underwent modified Blalock–Taussig shunt surgery for correction of tetralogy of Fallot. Postoperatively the girl developed status epilepticus, which did not subside with initial use of intravenous midazolam and phenytoin sodium. She eventually responded to two doses of intravenous valproic acid administered 10 minutes apart. She developed depressed sensorium and was put on mechanical ventilation. The following day’s laboratory investigations revealed raised levels of serum ammonia, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) with normal serum bilirubin. Thus, a diagnosis of Reye’s syndrome was established. The patient succumbed to disease 2 days later. Discussion: Reye’s syndrome is a rare and a fulminant illness seen typically in children following a viral illness and/or use of salicylates or other medications. There are rare reports of Reye’s syndrome following use of medications like valproic acid. This patient had a noninflammatory encephalopathy with hepatic dysfunction following two doses of valproic acid. Conclusion: There are very few reports on Reye’s syndrome in the literature as it is a rare condition and diagnosis is difficult. Knowledge of the presentation of Reye’s syndrome is essential for treatment and management. When using drugs like valproic acid in children, liver enzymes and serum ammonia levels should be monitored.
Keywords	hyperammonemia ; mitochondrial injury ; non-inflammatory hepatic encephalopathy
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01
Publisher	Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ISSN	2455-0949 ; 2455-7420
ISSN (online)	2455-0949
ISSN	2455-7420
DOI	10.1055/s-0041-1730122
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Limitations of the S-TOFHLA in measuring poor numeracy: a cross-sectional study.

Housten, Ashley J / Lowenstein, Lisa M / Hoover, Diana S / Leal, Viola B / Kamath, Geetanjali R / Volk, Robert J

BMC public health

2018 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 405

Abstract: Background: Although the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) is widely ... numeracy, is a concern. We examined the degree to which individuals scored as "adequate" HL on the S-TOFHLA ... foodbank in the United States. Participants completed the S-TOFHLA, the Subjective Numeracy Scale (SNS ...

Abstract	Background: Although the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) is widely used, misidentification of individuals with low health literacy (HL) in specific HL dimensions, like numeracy, is a concern. We examined the degree to which individuals scored as "adequate" HL on the S-TOFHLA would be considered as having low HL by two additional numerical measures. Methods: English-speaking adults aged 45-75 years were recruited from a large, urban academic medical center and a community foodbank in the United States. Participants completed the S-TOFHLA, the Subjective Numeracy Scale (SNS), and the Graphical Literacy Measure (GL), an objective measure of a person's ability to interpret numeric information presented graphically. Established cut-points or a median split classified participants and having high and low numeracy. Results: Participants (n = 187), on average were: aged 58 years; 63% female; 70% Black/African American; and 45% had a high school degree or less. Of those who scored "adequate" on the S-TOFHLA, 50% scored low on the SNS and 40% scored low on GL. Correlation between the S-TOFHLA and the SNS Total was moderate (r = 0.22, n = 186, p = 0.01), while correlation between the S-TOFHLA and the GL Total was large (r = 0.53, n = 187, p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: Findings suggest that the S-TOFHLA may not capture an individuals' HL in the dimension of numeracy. Efforts are needed to develop more encompassing and practical strategies for identifying those with low HL for use in research and clinical practice. Trial registration: NCT02151032 (retrospectively registered: May 30, 2014).
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-018-5333-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Limitations of the S-TOFHLA in measuring poor numeracy

Ashley J. Housten / Lisa M. Lowenstein / Diana S. Hoover / Viola B. Leal / Geetanjali R. Kamath / Robert J. Volk

BMC Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a cross-sectional study

2018 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background Although the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) is ... on the S-TOFHLA would be considered as having low HL by two additional numerical measures. Methods English ... foodbank in the United States. Participants completed the S-TOFHLA, the Subjective Numeracy Scale (SNS ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Although the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) is widely used, misidentification of individuals with low health literacy (HL) in specific HL dimensions, like numeracy, is a concern. We examined the degree to which individuals scored as “adequate” HL on the S-TOFHLA would be considered as having low HL by two additional numerical measures. Methods English-speaking adults aged 45–75 years were recruited from a large, urban academic medical center and a community foodbank in the United States. Participants completed the S-TOFHLA, the Subjective Numeracy Scale (SNS), and the Graphical Literacy Measure (GL), an objective measure of a person’s ability to interpret numeric information presented graphically. Established cut-points or a median split classified participants and having high and low numeracy. Results Participants (n = 187), on average were: aged 58 years; 63% female; 70% Black/African American; and 45% had a high school degree or less. Of those who scored “adequate” on the S-TOFHLA, 50% scored low on the SNS and 40% scored low on GL. Correlation between the S-TOFHLA and the SNS Total was moderate (r = 0.22, n = 186, p = 0.01), while correlation between the S-TOFHLA and the GL Total was large (r = 0.53, n = 187, p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions Findings suggest that the S-TOFHLA may not capture an individuals’ HL in the dimension of numeracy. Efforts are needed to develop more encompassing and practical strategies for identifying those with low HL for use in research and clinical practice. Trial registration NCT02151032 (retrospectively registered: May 30, 2014).
Keywords	Health literacy ; Numeracy ; Decision-making ; Health disparities ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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