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Article ; Online: Transketolase-Like Protein 1 and Glucose Transporter 1 in Gastric Cancer.

Ahopelto, Kaisa / Laitinen, Alli / Hagström, Jaana / Böckelman, Camilla / Haglund, Caj

2020 Volume 98, Issue 9, Page(s) 643–652

Abstract: Background: The glucose metabolism of cancer cells differs from that of noncancerous cells. Transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) both play a role in this process. These biochemical tumor markers are overexpressed in ... ...

Abstract	Background: The glucose metabolism of cancer cells differs from that of noncancerous cells. Transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) both play a role in this process. These biochemical tumor markers are overexpressed in several types of human cancer. Objective: We sought to determine if TKTL1 and/or GLUT1 expression predicts prognosis in gastric cancer. Methods: In this retrospective study, we selected 284 patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer at the Helsinki University Hospital. We used immunohistochemistry to assess the expression of TKTL1 and GLUT1, combined with clinicopathological data. Results: Positive expression of TKTL1 was associated with positive expression of GLUT1, age over 65 years, male gender, advanced stage (II-IV), and advanced tumors (T2-T4). Patients with a positive expression of TKTL1 had a poorer prognosis than those with no expression (p = 0.042, Breslow test). GLUT1 positivity was associated with higher age and with the intestinal type of gastric cancer but did not carry any prognostic value. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study showed that positive expression of TKTL1 correlates with a poor prognosis in gastric cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Female ; Glucose Transporter Type 1/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism ; Survival Analysis ; Tissue Array Analysis ; Transketolase/biosynthesis
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; SLC2A1 protein, human ; TKTL1 protein, human (EC 2.2.1.1) ; Transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	250101-6
ISSN	1423-0232 ; 0030-2414
ISSN (online)	1423-0232
ISSN	0030-2414
DOI	10.1159/000507350
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Article ; Online: Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) and tumor-associated trypsin-2 (TAT-2) predict outcomes in gastric cancer.

Kasurinen, Aaro / Laitinen, Alli / Kokkola, Arto / Stenman, Ulf-Håkan / Böckelman, Camilla / Haglund, Caj

Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden)

2020 Volume 59, Issue 6, Page(s) 681–688

Abstract: Introduction: ...

Abstract	Introduction:
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma/blood ; Adenocarcinoma/mortality ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; Confidence Intervals ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Proteins/blood ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms/blood ; Stomach Neoplasms/mortality ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology ; Survival Analysis ; Time Factors ; Trypsin/blood ; Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic/blood ; Trypsinogen/blood
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Neoplasm Proteins ; PRSS2 protein, human (103964-84-7) ; Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic (50936-63-5) ; Trypsinogen (9002-08-8) ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	896449-x
ISSN	1651-226X ; 0349-652X ; 0284-186X ; 1100-1704
ISSN (online)	1651-226X
ISSN	0349-652X ; 0284-186X ; 1100-1704
DOI	10.1080/0284186X.2020.1733655
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of toll-like receptors as prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer: high tissue TLR5 predicts a better outcome.

Kasurinen, Aaro / Hagström, Jaana / Laitinen, Alli / Kokkola, Arto / Böckelman, Camilla / Haglund, Caj

Scientific reports

2019 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 12553

Abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), key proteins in innate immunity, appear to contribute to the inflammatory environment in carcinogenesis. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the tissue expressions of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR9 as potential prognostic ... ...

Abstract	Toll-like receptors (TLRs), key proteins in innate immunity, appear to contribute to the inflammatory environment in carcinogenesis. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the tissue expressions of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR9 as potential prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer. We applied immunohistochemistry to study tissue samples from 313 patients operated on for gastric adenocarcinoma between 2000 and 2009 at the Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland. A high expression of each TLR studied associated with the high expression of each other and with the intestinal-type histology (p < 0.001 for all). Five-year disease-specific survival among patients with a high TLR5 was 53.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 43.4-63.4), whereas among patients with a low TLR5 it was 37.6% (95% CI 30.0-45.2; p = 0.014). A high TLR5 expression functioned as a marker of a better prognosis, particularly among those with a stage II disease (hazard ratio [HR] 0.33; 0.13-0.83; p = 0.019) or an intestinal-type cancer (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.34-0.98; p = 0.043). In this study we show, for the first time, that a high TLR5 tissue expression may identify gastric cancer patients with a better prognosis, particularly among those with a stage II disease or an intestinal-type cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism ; Survival Analysis ; Toll-Like Receptor 5/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; TLR5 protein, human ; Toll-Like Receptor 5
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-019-49111-2
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of toll-like receptors as prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer

Aaro Kasurinen / Jaana Hagström / Alli Laitinen / Arto Kokkola / Camilla Böckelman / Caj Haglund

Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

high tissue TLR5 predicts a better outcome

2019 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs), key proteins in innate immunity, appear to contribute to the inflammatory environment in carcinogenesis. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the tissue expressions of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR9 as potential ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs), key proteins in innate immunity, appear to contribute to the inflammatory environment in carcinogenesis. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the tissue expressions of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR9 as potential prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer. We applied immunohistochemistry to study tissue samples from 313 patients operated on for gastric adenocarcinoma between 2000 and 2009 at the Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland. A high expression of each TLR studied associated with the high expression of each other and with the intestinal-type histology (p < 0.001 for all). Five-year disease-specific survival among patients with a high TLR5 was 53.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 43.4–63.4), whereas among patients with a low TLR5 it was 37.6% (95% CI 30.0–45.2; p = 0.014). A high TLR5 expression functioned as a marker of a better prognosis, particularly among those with a stage II disease (hazard ratio [HR] 0.33; 0.13–0.83; p = 0.019) or an intestinal-type cancer (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.34–0.98; p = 0.043). In this study we show, for the first time, that a high TLR5 tissue expression may identify gastric cancer patients with a better prognosis, particularly among those with a stage II disease or an intestinal-type cancer.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610 ; 616
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: High serum MMP-14 predicts worse survival in gastric cancer.

Kasurinen, Aaro / Tervahartiala, Taina / Laitinen, Alli / Kokkola, Arto / Sorsa, Timo / Böckelman, Camilla / Haglund, Caj

PloS one

2018 Volume 13, Issue 12, Page(s) e0208800

Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), endopeptidases with diverse biochemical functions, can promote cancer cell invasion and metastasis by degrading the extracellular matrix. A high matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) expression in gastric cancer tissue ... ...

Abstract	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), endopeptidases with diverse biochemical functions, can promote cancer cell invasion and metastasis by degrading the extracellular matrix. A high matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) expression in gastric cancer tissue has been associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. To further understand this association, we investigated serum MMP-14 as a biomarker in gastric cancer patients. The patient cohort consisted of 240 gastric adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgery at Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, between 2000 and 2009. We determined the soluble MMP-14 serum levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We then calculated the associations between serum levels and clinicopathologic variables using the Mann-Whitney U-test or the Kruskal-Wallis test. We constructed survival curves using the Kaplan-Meier method and calculating the hazard ratios using the Cox proportional hazard model. We revealed a positive association between a high serum MMP-14 level and stages III-IV (p = 0.029), and between a high serum MMP-14 and distant metastasis (p = 0.022). Patients with a low serum MMP-14 had a 5-year disease-specific survival of 49.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 45.5-52.9), whereas patients with a high serum MMP-14 had a 5-year survival of 22.1% (95% CI 15.2-29.0; p = 0.001). High serum MMP-14 was a statistically significant prognostic factor among patients with an intestinal type of cancer (hazard ratio [HR] 3.54; 95% CI 1.51-8.33; p = 0.004), but not among patients with a diffuse type. The serum MMP-14 level remained an independent prognostic factor in our multivariate survival analysis (HR 1.55; 95% CI 1.02-2.35; p = 0.040). This study indicates for the first time that high serum soluble MMP-14 levels in gastric cancer serves as a marker for a poor prognosis, possibly indicating the presence of distant metastases.
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma/blood ; Adenocarcinoma/mortality ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Finland/epidemiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14/blood ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Proteins/blood ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/blood ; Stomach Neoplasms/mortality ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology ; Survival Rate
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Neoplasm Proteins ; MMP14 protein, human (EC 3.4.24.80) ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 (EC 3.4.24.80)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0208800
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Article ; Online: Frequencies of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and SLCO2B1 genes in a Finnish population.

Laitinen, Alli / Niemi, Mikko

Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

2011 Volume 108, Issue 1, Page(s) 9–13

Abstract: Organic anion transporting polypeptides 1A2, 1B3 and 2B1 (OATP1A2, OATP1B3 and OATP2B1) are expressed in tissues important for pharmacokinetics, and mediate the cellular influx of various endogenous and exogenous compounds, including drugs. The aim of ... ...

Abstract	Organic anion transporting polypeptides 1A2, 1B3 and 2B1 (OATP1A2, OATP1B3 and OATP2B1) are expressed in tissues important for pharmacokinetics, and mediate the cellular influx of various endogenous and exogenous compounds, including drugs. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequencies of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and SLCO2B1 in a Finnish population. The distribution of nine non-synonymous SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and SLCO2B1 SNPs was determined in 552 healthy Finnish Caucasian participants by using allelic discrimination with TaqMan 5'nuclease assays. The SLCO1A2 c.38T>C (p.Ile13Thr) and c.516C>T (p.Glu172Asp) SNPs were found with variant allele frequencies of 12.9% (95% confidence interval: 11.0-15.0) and 7.2% (5.8-8.8). The variant allele frequencies of SLCO1B3 c.334T>G (p.Ser112Ala), c.699G>A (p.Met233Ile) and c.767G>C (p.Gly256Ala) were 77.0% (74.4-79.4), 76.9% (74.3-79.3) and 12.8% (10.9-14.9), respectively. None of the participants carried the SLCO1B3 c.1309G>A (p.Gly437Ser) SNP. The SLCO2B1 c.601G>A (p.Val201Met), c.935G>A (p.Arg312Gln) and c.1457C>T (p.Ser486Phe) variant allele frequencies were 2.1% (1.4-3.1), 13.6% (11.7-15.7) and 2.8% (2.0-4.0), respectively. The SLCO1B3 c.334T>G and c.699G>A SNPs were in a nearly complete linkage disequilibrium (r² = 0.99, D' = 1.00), all other SNP pairs showed only a weak correlation. In conclusion, non-synonymous sequence variations of SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and SLCO2B1 occur at high frequencies in the Finnish population.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Finland ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Male ; Organic Anion Transporters/blood ; Organic Anion Transporters/genetics ; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent/blood ; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3
Chemical Substances	Organic Anion Transporters ; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent ; SLCO1A2 protein, human ; SLCO1B3 protein, human ; SLCO2B1 protein, human ; Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2134679-3
ISSN	1742-7843 ; 1742-7835
ISSN (online)	1742-7843
ISSN	1742-7835
DOI	10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00605.x
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Article ; Online: High PROX1 expression in gastric cancer predicts better survival.

Laitinen, Alli / Böckelman, Camilla / Hagström, Jaana / Kokkola, Arto / Kallio, Pauliina / Haglund, Caj

PloS one

2017 Volume 12, Issue 8, Page(s) e0183868

Abstract: Background: PROX1 is a transcription factor involved in the development of various organs. It has also an important function in colorectal cancer progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of PROX1 expression in gastric ... ...

Abstract	Background: PROX1 is a transcription factor involved in the development of various organs. It has also an important function in colorectal cancer progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of PROX1 expression in gastric cancer. Methods: We evaluated PROX1 expression in gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry of tumor-tissue microarrays including tumor specimens from 283 patients who underwent surgery at Helsinki University Hospital. We investigated the association of PROX1 expression with clinicopathologic variables and patient survival. Results: Cytoplasmic PROX1 reactivity was high in 56 (20.5%) and low in 217 (79.5%) cases. Low PROX1 immunostaining associated with diffuse cancer type (p = 0.002). In subgroup analysis, PROX1 was a significant marker of better prognosis in patients aged under 66 (p = 0.007), in those with intestinal cancer (p = 0.025), among men (p = 0.019), and in tumors of less than 5 cm diameter (p = 0.030). Patients with high PROX1 expression had a cancer-specific 5-year survival of 65.6% (95% CI 52.7-78.5), compared to 37.1% (95% CI 30.2-44.0) for those with low expression (p = 0.004, log-rank test). This result remained significant in multivariable analysis (HR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.35-0.90; p = 0.017). Conclusion: In gastric cancer, high cytoplasmic PROX1 expression is an independent marker of better prognosis.
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma/surgery ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins/analysis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Stomach/pathology ; Stomach/surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/analysis
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Homeodomain Proteins ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; prospero-related homeobox 1 protein
Language	English
Publishing date	2017
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0183868
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: High serum MMP-14 predicts worse survival in gastric cancer.

Aaro Kasurinen / Taina Tervahartiala / Alli Laitinen / Arto Kokkola / Timo Sorsa / Camilla Böckelman / Caj Haglund

PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 12, p e

2018 Volume 0208800

Abstract	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), endopeptidases with diverse biochemical functions, can promote cancer cell invasion and metastasis by degrading the extracellular matrix. A high matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) expression in gastric cancer tissue has been associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. To further understand this association, we investigated serum MMP-14 as a biomarker in gastric cancer patients. The patient cohort consisted of 240 gastric adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgery at Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, between 2000 and 2009. We determined the soluble MMP-14 serum levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We then calculated the associations between serum levels and clinicopathologic variables using the Mann-Whitney U-test or the Kruskal-Wallis test. We constructed survival curves using the Kaplan-Meier method and calculating the hazard ratios using the Cox proportional hazard model. We revealed a positive association between a high serum MMP-14 level and stages III-IV (p = 0.029), and between a high serum MMP-14 and distant metastasis (p = 0.022). Patients with a low serum MMP-14 had a 5-year disease-specific survival of 49.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 45.5-52.9), whereas patients with a high serum MMP-14 had a 5-year survival of 22.1% (95% CI 15.2-29.0; p = 0.001). High serum MMP-14 was a statistically significant prognostic factor among patients with an intestinal type of cancer (hazard ratio [HR] 3.54; 95% CI 1.51-8.33; p = 0.004), but not among patients with a diffuse type. The serum MMP-14 level remained an independent prognostic factor in our multivariate survival analysis (HR 1.55; 95% CI 1.02-2.35; p = 0.040). This study indicates for the first time that high serum soluble MMP-14 levels in gastric cancer serves as a marker for a poor prognosis, possibly indicating the presence of distant metastases.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online ; Research data: (with research data) Positive cytoplasmic UCHL5 tumor expression in gastric cancer is linked to improved prognosis.

Arpalahti, Leena / Laitinen, Alli / Hagström, Jaana / Mustonen, Harri / Kokkola, Arto / Böckelman, Camilla / Haglund, Caj / Holmberg, Carina I

PloS one

2018 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) e0193125

Abstract: Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Accurate prediction of disease progression is difficult, and new biomarkers for clinical use are essential. Recently, we reported that the proteasome-associated ... ...

Abstract	Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Accurate prediction of disease progression is difficult, and new biomarkers for clinical use are essential. Recently, we reported that the proteasome-associated deubiquitinating enzyme UCHL5/Uch37 is a new prognostic marker in both rectal cancer and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Here, we have assessed by immunohistochemistry UCHL5 tumor expression in gastric cancer. The study cohort comprised 650 patients, who underwent surgery in Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, between 1983 and 2009. We investigated the association of cytoplasmic UCHL5 tumor expression to assess clinicopathological parameters and patient survival. Positive cytoplasmic UCHL5 tumor immunoexpression is linked to increased survival of patients with small (<5 cm) tumors (p = 0.001), disease stages I-II (p = 0.025), and age 66 years or older (p = 0.037). UCHL5 is thus a potential marker in gastric cancer with new prognostic relevance.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis ; Cytoplasm/enzymology ; Cytoplasm/pathology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis ; Stomach Neoplasms/enzymology ; Stomach Neoplasms/mortality ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology ; Survival Rate ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/biosynthesis
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Neoplasm Proteins ; UCHL5 protein, human (EC 3.4.19.12) ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase (EC 3.4.19.12)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0193125
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: High PROX1 expression in gastric cancer predicts better survival.

Alli Laitinen / Camilla Böckelman / Jaana Hagström / Arto Kokkola / Pauliina Kallio / Caj Haglund

PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 8, p e

2017 Volume 0183868

Abstract: PROX1 is a transcription factor involved in the development of various organs. It has also an important function in colorectal cancer progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of PROX1 expression in gastric cancer.We ... ...

Abstract	PROX1 is a transcription factor involved in the development of various organs. It has also an important function in colorectal cancer progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of PROX1 expression in gastric cancer.We evaluated PROX1 expression in gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry of tumor-tissue microarrays including tumor specimens from 283 patients who underwent surgery at Helsinki University Hospital. We investigated the association of PROX1 expression with clinicopathologic variables and patient survival.Cytoplasmic PROX1 reactivity was high in 56 (20.5%) and low in 217 (79.5%) cases. Low PROX1 immunostaining associated with diffuse cancer type (p = 0.002). In subgroup analysis, PROX1 was a significant marker of better prognosis in patients aged under 66 (p = 0.007), in those with intestinal cancer (p = 0.025), among men (p = 0.019), and in tumors of less than 5 cm diameter (p = 0.030). Patients with high PROX1 expression had a cancer-specific 5-year survival of 65.6% (95% CI 52.7-78.5), compared to 37.1% (95% CI 30.2-44.0) for those with low expression (p = 0.004, log-rank test). This result remained significant in multivariable analysis (HR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.35-0.90; p = 0.017).In gastric cancer, high cytoplasmic PROX1 expression is an independent marker of better prognosis.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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