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Article ; Online: OCTA as an independent science advice provider for COVID-19 in the Philippines

Benjamin M. Vallejo / Rodrigo Angelo C. Ong

Humanities & Social Sciences Communications, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract We comment on science advice in the political context of the Philippines during the COVID 19 pandemic. We focus on the independent science advisor OCTA Research, whose publicly available epidemiological forecasts have attracted media and ... ...

Abstract	Abstract We comment on science advice in the political context of the Philippines during the COVID 19 pandemic. We focus on the independent science advisor OCTA Research, whose publicly available epidemiological forecasts have attracted media and government attention. The Philippines government adopted a COVID-19 suppression or “flattening of the curve” policy. As such, it required epidemiological forecasts from science advisors as more scientific information on SARS CoV 2 and COVID 19 became available from April to December 2020. The independent think-tank, OCTA Research has emerged the leading independent science information advisor for the public and government. The factors that made OCTA Research as the dominant science advice source are examined, the diversity of scientific evidence, processes of evidence synthesis and, of evidence brokerage for political decision makers We then describe the dynamics between the government, academic science research and science advisory actors and the problem of science advice role conflation. We then propose approaches for a largely independent government science advisory system for the Philippines given these political dynamics.
Keywords	History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Social Sciences ; H
Subject code	028
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Springer Nature
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Policy responses and government science advice for the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines: January to April 2020.

Vallejo, Benjamin M / Ong, Rodrigo Angelo C

Progress in disaster science

2020 Volume 7, Page(s) 100115

Abstract: In this paper we examine two policy questions about the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines. These are science informed policy questions that will have to take into consideration a large degree of uncertainties in outcomes. The first question is on when ...

Abstract	In this paper we examine two policy questions about the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines. These are science informed policy questions that will have to take into consideration a large degree of uncertainties in outcomes. The first question is on when to lift the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) as informed by epidemiological modelling. The second deals on how the Philippines can respond to a future pandemic crisis. We review the Philippine government's responses and introduce the complicating scientific, social, and political contexts for both questions and address proposals for strengthening the science advisory structures. We propose a permanent science advisory body for emergencies with the widest source of expertise as needed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2590-0617
ISSN (online)	2590-0617
DOI	10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100115
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Article ; Online: Policy responses and government science advice for the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines

Benjamin M. Vallejo, Jr / Rodrigo Angelo C. Ong

Progress in Disaster Science, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 100115- (2020)

January to April 2020

2020

Abstract	In this paper we examine two policy questions about the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines. These are science informed policy questions that will have to take into consideration a large degree of uncertainties in outcomes. The first question is on when to lift the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) as informed by epidemiological modelling. The second deals on how the Philippines can respond to a future pandemic crisis. We review the Philippine government's responses and introduce the complicating scientific, social, and political contexts for both questions and address proposals for strengthening the science advisory structures. We propose a permanent science advisory body for emergencies with the widest source of expertise as needed.
Keywords	Government science advice ; Pandemic ; Uncertainty ; Complexity ; Public health ; Crisis ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Policy responses and government science advice for the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines

Vallejo, Benjamin M. / Ong, Rodrigo Angelo C.

Progress in Disaster Science

January to April 2020

2020 Volume 7, Page(s) 100115

Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	2590-0617
DOI	10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100115
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Policy responses and government science advice for the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines: January to April 2020

Vallejo, Benjamin M. / Ong, Rodrigo Angelo C.

Progress in Disaster Science

Abstract: ABSTRACT In this paper we examine two policy questions about the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines These are science informed policy questions that will have to take into consideration a large degree of uncertainties in outcomes The first question is ... ...

Abstract	ABSTRACT In this paper we examine two policy questions about the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines These are science informed policy questions that will have to take into consideration a large degree of uncertainties in outcomes The first question is on when to lift the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) as informed by epidemiological modelling The second deals on how the Philippines can respond to a future pandemic crisis We review the Philippine government's responses and introduce the complicating scientific, social, and political contexts for both questions and address proposals for strengthening the science advisory structures We propose a permanent science advisory body for emergencies with the widest source of expertise as needed
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #601182
Database	COVID19

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Article: Effects of Specific Electric Field Stimulation on the Release and Activity of Secreted Acid Phosphatases from

Dorsey, Benjamin M / Cass, Cynthia L / Cedeño, David L / Vallejo, Ricardo / Jones, Marjorie A

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

2018 Volume 7, Issue 4

Abstract: Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease with 1.6 million new cases reported each year. However, there are few safe, effective, and affordable treatments provided to those affected by this disease. Still under-appreciated as potential pharmaceutical ...

Abstract	Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease with 1.6 million new cases reported each year. However, there are few safe, effective, and affordable treatments provided to those affected by this disease. Still under-appreciated as potential pharmaceutical targets, especially for cutaneous leishmaniasis infections, are the two isozymes of secreted acid phosphatase (SAP). These enzymes are involved in the survival of the parasite in the sand fly vector, and in infecting host macrophages. While the application of electric or electromagnetic fields as a medicinal therapeutic is not new, the utility of electric field application for the treatment of leishmaniasis is under studied. Studies involving the effects of electric fields on the cell secretion of SAP or the activity of SAP that has been secreted prior to electrical stimulation have not yet been reported. This work is the first report on the effect of specific electric fields on the activity of
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens7040077
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Article ; Online: Effects of Specific Electric Field Stimulation on the Release and Activity of Secreted Acid Phosphatases from Leishmania tarentolae and Implications for Therapy

Benjamin M. Dorsey / Cynthia L. Cass / David L. Cedeño / Ricardo Vallejo / Marjorie A. Jones

Pathogens, Vol 7, Iss 4, p

2018 Volume 77

Abstract	Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease with 1.6 million new cases reported each year. However, there are few safe, effective, and affordable treatments provided to those affected by this disease. Still under-appreciated as potential pharmaceutical targets, especially for cutaneous leishmaniasis infections, are the two isozymes of secreted acid phosphatase (SAP). These enzymes are involved in the survival of the parasite in the sand fly vector, and in infecting host macrophages. While the application of electric or electromagnetic fields as a medicinal therapeutic is not new, the utility of electric field application for the treatment of leishmaniasis is under studied. Studies involving the effects of electric fields on the cell secretion of SAP or the activity of SAP that has been secreted prior to electrical stimulation have not yet been reported. This work is the first report on the effect of specific electric fields on the activity of Leishmania tarentolae secreted acid phosphatases and the modulation of this secretion from the cells. In addition, the kinetic constants for the enzyme isoforms were determined as a function of days in culture and removal of carbohydrate from the glycosylated enzymes, while using a glycosidase, was shown to affect these kinetic constants.
Keywords	Leishmania ; leishmaniasis ; secreted acid phosphatase ; electric field ; kinetic constants ; glycosidase ; potential therapy ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Increased plastic litter cover affects the foraging activity of the sandy intertidal gastropod Nassarius pullus.

Aloy, Alexander B / Vallejo, Benjamin M / Juinio-Meñez, Marie Antonette

Marine pollution bulletin

2011 Volume 62, Issue 8, Page(s) 1772–1779

Abstract: This study analyzed the foraging behavior of the gastropod Nassarius pullus on garbage-impacted sandy shores of Talim Bay, Batangas, Philippines. The effect of different levels of plastic garbage cover on foraging efficiency was investigated. Controlled ... ...

Abstract	This study analyzed the foraging behavior of the gastropod Nassarius pullus on garbage-impacted sandy shores of Talim Bay, Batangas, Philippines. The effect of different levels of plastic garbage cover on foraging efficiency was investigated. Controlled in situ baiting experiments were conducted to quantify aspects of foraging behavior as affected by the levels of plastic litter cover in the foraging area. The results of the study indicated that the gastropod's efficiency in locating and in moving towards a food item generally decreased as the level of plastic cover increased. Prolonged food searching time and increased self-burial in sand were highly correlated with increased plastic cover. The accuracy of orientation towards the actual position of the bait decreased significantly when the amount of plastic cover increased to 50%. These results are consistent with the significant decreases in the abundance of the gastropod observed during periods of deposition of large amounts of plastic and other debris on the shore.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bathing Beaches ; Ecosystem ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Gastropoda/drug effects ; Gastropoda/physiology ; Oceans and Seas ; Philippines ; Plastics/toxicity ; Waste Products ; Water Pollutants/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Plastics ; Waste Products ; Water Pollutants
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2001296-2
ISSN	1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
ISSN (online)	1879-3363
ISSN	0025-326X
DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.021
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Article ; Online: Ablation techniques or active surveillance compared to surgical resection in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Endocrine

2023 Volume 83, Issue 2, Page(s) 330–341

Abstract: Background: The global prevalence of thyroid cancer is on the rise. About one-third of newly diagnosed thyroid cancer cases comprise low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (1.5 cm or more minor). While surgical removal remains the prevailing approach for ... ...

Abstract	Background: The global prevalence of thyroid cancer is on the rise. About one-third of newly diagnosed thyroid cancer cases comprise low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (1.5 cm or more minor). While surgical removal remains the prevailing approach for managing low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (LPTC) in patients, other options such as active surveillance (AS), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), and laser ablation (LA) are also being considered as viable alternatives. This study evaluated and compared surgical thyroid resection (TSR) versus non-surgical (NS) methods for treating patients with LPTC. Methods: The study encompassed an analysis of comparisons between surgical thyroid resection (TSR) and alternative approaches, including active surveillance (AS), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), or laser ablation (LA). The focus was on patients with biopsy-confirmed low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (LPTC) of less than 1.5 cm without preoperative indications of local or distant metastasis. The primary outcomes assessed were recurrence rates, disease-specific mortality, and quality of life (QoL). Data were collected from prominent databases, including Cochrane Database, Embase, MEDLINE, and Scopus, from inception to June 3rd, 2020. The CLARITY tool was utilized to evaluate bias risk. The analysis involved odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dichotomous outcomes, as well as mean differences (MD) and standardized mean differences (SMD) for continuous outcomes. The study is registered on PROSPERO under the identifier CRD42021235657. Results: The study incorporated 13 retrospective cohort studies involving 4034 patients. Surgical thyroid resection (TSR), active surveillance (AS), and minimally invasive techniques like radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), and laser ablation (LA) were performed in varying proportions of cases. The analysis indicated that specific disease mortality rates were comparable among AS, MWA, and TSR groups. The risk of recurrence, evaluated over different follow-up periods, showed no significant differences when comparing AS, RFA, MWA, or LA against TSR. Patients undergoing AS demonstrated better physical health-related quality of life (QoL) than those undergoing TSR. However, no substantial differences were observed in the overall mental health domain of QoL when comparing AS or RFA with TSR. The risk of bias was moderate in nine studies and high in four. Conclusion: Low-quality evidence indicates comparable recurrence and disease-specific mortality risks among patients with LPTC who underwent ablation techniques or active surveillance (AS) compared to surgery. Nevertheless, individuals who opted for AS exhibited enhanced physical quality of life (QoL). Subsequent investigations are warranted to validate these findings.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Quality of Life ; Catheter Ablation/methods ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Retrospective Studies ; Watchful Waiting ; Ablation Techniques ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1194484-5
ISSN	1559-0100 ; 1355-008X ; 0969-711X
ISSN (online)	1559-0100
ISSN	1355-008X ; 0969-711X
DOI	10.1007/s12020-023-03502-8
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Article ; Online: A mixed-methods evaluation of home-based primary care in dementia within an integrated system.

Nguyen, Huong Q / Vallejo, Jessica D / Macias, Mayra / Shiffman, Maricela Garcia / Rosen, Romina / Mowry, Velda / Omotunde, Omotayo / Hong, Benjamin / Liu, In-Lu Amy / Borson, Soo

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

2021 Volume 70, Issue 4, Page(s) 1136–1146

Abstract: Background: No prior studies have examined the effects of home-based primary care (HBPC) in persons living with dementia (PLWD), within an ecosystem of serious illness care in an integrated healthcare system. Our objectives were to compare the ... ...

Abstract	Background: No prior studies have examined the effects of home-based primary care (HBPC) in persons living with dementia (PLWD), within an ecosystem of serious illness care in an integrated healthcare system. Our objectives were to compare the characteristics of PLWD receiving HBPC and their hospital utilization and end-of-life care, with those of a matched comparison group, and to understand the experiences of family caregivers of PLWD receiving HBPC. Methods: This mixed-methods study used a retrospective observational cohort design with PLWD receiving HBPC (n = 287) from 2015 to 2020 and a strata-matched comparison group (n = 861), and qualitative phone interviews with 16 HBPC family caregivers in 2020. Inverse probability of treatment weighting propensity score-adjusted models were used to compare time-to-first hospital-based utilization and, for decedents, home palliative and hospice care and place of death. Care experience was captured through caregiver interviews. Results: Patients receiving HBPC had a similar risk of hospital utilization [adjusted hazard ratio, 1.06 (95% CI: 0.89-1.26), p = 0.51] as a matched non-HBPC comparison group after a median follow-up of 199 days. However, HBPC decedents (n = 159) were more likely to receive home palliative care or hospice [rate ratio, RR: 1.23 (95% CI: 1.07-1.42), p < 0.01] and to die at home [RR: 1.66 (95% CI: 1.35-2.05), p < 0.001] than were non-HBPC decedents (n = 423). Caregivers reported that HBPC provided coordinated, continuous, and convenient care that was aligned with families' priorities and goals; however, some expressed unmet needs, especially for help paying for personal care and medical supplies/equipment, and a desire for clearer communication about program operations and more quality oversight for contract services. Conclusions: Although HBPC for PLWD was associated with a similar risk of hospital utilization compared to a matched non-HBPC comparison group, HBPC resulted in more patient-centered end-of-life care for decedents. Prospective studies of HBPC that further elicit and address unmet needs are warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Dementia/therapy ; Ecosystem ; Home Care Services ; Humans ; Primary Health Care ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	80363-7
ISSN	1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
ISSN (online)	1532-5415
ISSN	0002-8614
DOI	10.1111/jgs.17627
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